Solid charge fuel gas generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power emission, in particular to a solid charging fuel gas generator which comprises a shell pressure-bearing module, an ignition module and a charging module. The shell pressure-bearing module is used for mounting the ignition module and the charging module, and the shell pressure-bearing module bears the pressure in the working process without deformation and damage; the ignition module is used for achieving the ignition function of the solid charge fuel gas generator. The charging module is used for providing the contact time of the combustion gas flow and the surface of the grain, and the temperature of the surface of the grain is increased within a short time. Compared with the prior art, reflection backflow is manufactured on the charge surface through the diaphragm and the steps, compared with a traditional fuel gas generator design, the contact time of fuel gas and the charge surface in the ignition process is prolonged, and it is guaranteed that the charge surface temperature can reach the ignition temperature faster. The ignition dosage is reduced, and the ignition reliability is improved. Furthermore, the ignition pressure peak is reduced, the requirement for the pressure bearing capacity of the high-pressure chamber shell is lowered, and the weight of the shell is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of power launch, and in particular to a solid charge gas generator. Background Art

[0002] Light aircraft (cruise missiles) need to take off quickly according to launch requirements, and usually adopt the cold ejection method, that is, use a solid charge gas generator as the launch power source.

[0003] Light aircraft need to take off at a reasonable speed based on their aerodynamic characteristics, while taking into account their structural strength. On the basis of achieving the ejection speed within the target range, the ejection overload and vibration should be reduced as much as possible. According to the ejection principle, the gas generator injects gas into the low-pressure chamber, and the gas in the low-pressure chamber expands and does work, pushing the light aircraft to move. Reducing the maximum pressure of the low-pressure chamber can effectively reduce the ejection overload. The key is to make the maximum pressure of the combustion chamber low and stable.

[0004] The filling coefficient refers to the ratio of the charge volume to the combustion chamber volume. The charge of the solid charge gas generator for catapult is designed with a low filling coefficient. The specific characteristics are that the initial burning surface of the charge column is small and the combustion chamber volume is relatively large. When using the traditional ignition method, a larger amount of ignition charge is required to ensure reliable ignition.

[0005] However, when selecting the ignition charge, if a larger ignition charge is selected, an obvious ignition pressure peak will be generated in the combustion chamber, which is contrary to the purpose of maintaining a low and stable pressure in the combustion chamber. The present invention designs a reasonable structure and takes corresponding measures, which can reliably ignite the gas generator under the condition of using a smaller ignition charge. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a solid charge gas generator, which increases the contact time between the gas and the charge surface during the ignition process, ensures that the charge surface temperature can reach the ignition temperature more quickly, and realizes reliable ignition of the gas generator.

[0007] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a solid charge gas generator, a shell pressure-bearing module, an ignition module, and a charging module; the shell pressure-bearing module is used to install the ignition module and the charging module, and withstands the pressure in the working process without deformation or damage; the ignition module is used to realize the ignition function of the solid charge gas generator; the charging module is used to provide contact time between the gas flow and the surface of the charge column, thereby increasing the temperature of the surface of the charge column in a short time.

[0008] Furthermore, the shell pressure-bearing module includes the following parts: a combustion chamber shell, a nozzle, and a plugging cover; the combustion chamber shell is fixedly connected to the nozzle, and the plugging cover is fixedly connected to the nozzle; the combustion chamber shell and the nozzle are used to withstand the pressure in the working process without deformation or damage, and the plugging cover realizes the initial pressure of the combustion chamber and is used to prevent debris, foreign matter, and water vapor from entering the gas generator.

[0009] Furthermore, the ignition module includes: an igniter, ignition powder, an ignition powder box, an ignition powder diaphragm, and a nozzle; the interior of the ignition powder box is fixedly connected to the exterior of the igniter; one end of the outer surface of the ignition powder box is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber shell; ignition powder is filled in the ignition powder box and at one end of the igniter, and the ignition powder diaphragm is coated with sealant and bonded to the ignition powder box to achieve the goal of sealing the other side of the ignition powder box; the other end of the outer surface of the ignition powder box is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the nozzle is provided with an air flow port for uniformly spraying the gas generated by the igniter and the ignition charge, and the high-temperature solid and gas flow produced by the combustion onto the surface of all the charge columns.

[0011] Furthermore, the charging module includes the following parts: a charge column, a positioning pin, a charge baffle plate, a diaphragm, and a pressure plate; flame retardant paint is applied to both ends of the charge column, adhesive is used to fix all the charge columns on one side of the step surface of the charge baffle plate, the diaphragm is clamped with the flat side of the charge baffle plate and the pressure plate, and the charge baffle plate and the pressure plate are aligned and fixed with the gas vent through the positioning pin; the charge baffle plate and the pressure plate are installed on the combustion chamber shell and are pressed and fixed by the nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the gas vent hole of the charge baffle is smaller than the inner diameter of the charge column, and the step between the charge column and the charge baffle causes the airflow to be reflected and refluxed, and combined with the diaphragm, the contact time between the gas flow and the surface of the charge column is increased.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0014] (1) The present invention creates a reflected backflow on the charge surface through a diaphragm and a step. Compared with the traditional gas generator design, the contact time between the gas and the charge surface during the ignition process is increased, ensuring that the charge surface temperature can reach the ignition temperature faster.

[0015] (2) Under the same combustion chamber and charge conditions, the conventional ignition method of the present invention will cause a higher high-pressure chamber pressure, and at the same time, the thickness of the combustion chamber shell needs to be increased to withstand the ignition pressure, which makes the structure heavier. The present invention can reduce the amount of ignition powder and improve the ignition reliability. Furthermore, the ignition pressure peak is reduced, and further, the pressure bearing capacity requirements of the high-pressure chamber shell are reduced, thereby reducing the shell weight.

[0016] (3) The present invention is based on the principle of gas ejection. The present invention reduces the maximum pressure of the low-pressure chamber, reduces the ejection overload, relaxes the overload resistance design requirements of light aircraft components, makes the ejection system lighter, and improves the reliability of the ejection system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the gas generator.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the igniter and ignition cartridge.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the bonding area between the drug column and the drug baffle at point A.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the workflow.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1-combustion chamber shell, 2-nozzle, 3-igniter, 4-ignition powder, 5-ignition powder box, 6-ignition powder diaphragm, 7-nozzle, 8-powder column, 9-locating pin, 10-powder baffle, 11-diaphragm, 12-pressure plate, 13-blocking cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Figure 1-3 , some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0025] The solid charge gas generator involved in the present invention is suitable for the ejection process of a light aircraft. The solid charge gas generator comprises a shell pressure module, an ignition module and a charge module.

[0026] The shell pressure module includes the following parts: a combustion chamber shell 1, a nozzle 2, and a plug cover 13.

[0027] The combustion chamber shell 1 is the main structural part of the gas generator. It is a semi-enclosed structure with a flange at the front end. It can withstand the pressure in the working process without deformation or damage, and helps to improve the coaxiality. A threaded hole is opened in the center of the flange end face for matching with the 5-ignition cartridge.

[0028] The nozzle 2 is a secondary main structural component of the gas generator, and can withstand the pressure in the working process without deformation or damage. The nozzle throat diameter is obtained through internal ballistic calculation.

[0029] The plugging cover 13 establishes the initial pressure of the combustion chamber to ensure reliable ignition, and accurately controls the size and thickness of the end face of the plugging cover so that the pressure of the combustion chamber when the plugging cover is sheared and broken along the edge is approximately 1.5 to 2 times the critical pressure of the propellant. The plugging cover 13 also has the function of preventing debris, foreign matter, water vapor, etc. from entering the gas generator.

[0030] The combustion chamber housing 1 is connected to the nozzle 2 through threads, and thread sealant is applied to the threads. The plugging cover 13 is connected to the nozzle 2 through threads, and thread sealant is applied to the threads.

[0031] The ignition module comprises the following parts: an igniter 3, ignition powder 4, an ignition powder box 5, an ignition powder diaphragm 6, and a nozzle 7.

[0032] The igniter 3 is a single-bridge igniter, which can convert electrical energy into thermal energy in a very short time to ignite the ignition powder 4 inside it, and has an external thread structure on the outside for fixed installation.

[0033] Ignition powder 4, the ignition powder 4 is 50% each of large black powder and small black powder, the small black powder ensures that the ignition powder can be ignited quickly, and the large black powder allows the ignition powder to continue to burn after being sprayed onto the surface of the powder column. The ignition powder type used in the present invention is 50% each of No. 2 small black powder and No. 5 small black powder, which is a specific application of the present invention and does not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0034] The ignition cartridge 5 is a tubular structure with threads inside and outside. The internal threads of the ignition cartridge 5 match the external threads of the igniter 3. The external threads of the ignition cartridge 5 match the internal threads of the flange end face of the combustion chamber housing 1 and the internal threads of the nozzle 7. The ignition charge 4 is placed in the cavity according to the amount of charge calculated by the gas state equation, and the ignition charge diaphragm 6 is used to fix the ignition charge 4.

[0035] The ignition powder diaphragm 6 is used to cover and fix the ignition powder 4. The ignition powder diaphragm 6 is made of celluloid, which is flammable, has a certain strength and leaves no residue after burning. Its diameter is equal to the end face diameter of the ignition powder box 5.

[0036] The nozzle 7 has a scattering air flow opening on its spherical surface, which can evenly spray the combustion gas generated by the igniter 3 and the ignition powder 4, and the high-temperature solid and combustion gas flow produced by combustion onto the surface of all the powder columns 8.

[0037] The igniter 3 is connected to the internal thread of the ignition box 5, the ignition powder 4 is filled in the ignition box 5, and the ignition powder diaphragm 6 is coated with sealant and bonded to the ignition box 5 to achieve the goal of sealing the other side of the ignition box 5. The nozzle 7 is connected to the ignition box 5 through a thread from the side close to the ignition powder diaphragm 6, and the ignition module is assembled.

[0038] The charging module comprises the following parts: a charge column 8, a positioning pin 9, a charge baffle 10, a diaphragm 11, and a pressure plate 12.

[0039] Grain column 8, said grain column 8 is the main charge of the gas generator, combustion obeys the geometric combustion law, and the number and geometric size of the grain column 8 are calculated according to the ejection internal ballistics. The gas generator involved in the present invention uses a total of 6 grain columns 8, which is a specific application of the present invention and does not improperly limit the present invention. Under other ejection requirements, the specific number and size of the grain columns should be calculated according to the ejection internal ballistics.

[0040] The positioning pin 9 is used to fix the medicine baffle plate 10 and the pressing plate 12 so as to align the gas through-holes on the medicine baffle plate 10 with the gas through-holes on the pressing plate 12 by using an interference fit.

[0041] The medicine baffle plate 10 is fixedly installed between the combustion chamber shell 1 and the nozzle 2. The medicine baffle plate 10 has two sides, one side is flat, and the other side has a stepped countersunk hole. The medicine column is fixed to the countersunk hole on the medicine baffle plate 10 using an adhesive. The inner diameter of the gas vent hole of the medicine baffle plate 10 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the medicine column 8.

[0042] The diaphragm 11 is made of a celluloid sheet and is placed between the medicine baffle 10 and the pressure plate 12. The diaphragm 11 can reflect the airflow, and the step between the medicine column 8 and the medicine baffle 10 can reflect the airflow back, thereby increasing the contact time between the gas flow and the surface of the medicine column 8, increasing the temperature of the surface of the medicine column 8 in a short time, and improving the reliability of the ignition process of the medicine column 8.

[0043] The pressing plate 12 has a similar structure to the medicine baffle plate 10 , and fixes the diaphragm 11 together with the medicine baffle plate 10 .

[0044] Flame retardant paint is applied to both end surfaces of the charge column 8, adhesive is used to fix all charge columns 8 on one side of the step surface of the charge baffle plate 10, the flat side of the charge baffle plate 10 is used to clamp the diaphragm 11 with the pressure plate 12, the gas vent holes and positioning pin holes on the charge baffle plate 10 and the pressure plate 12 are aligned, the positioning pin 9 is inserted to complete the circumferential fixation, the charge baffle plate 10 and the pressure plate 12 are installed on the combustion chamber shell 1, and are pressed and fixed by the nozzle 2; the charge module is assembled.

[0045] Install the ignition module from the inside into the threaded hole on the flange end face of the combustion chamber housing 1, apply thread sealant to the threads, install the charge module to the step surface on the opening side of the combustion chamber housing 1, ensure that the charge column 8 faces the inside of the combustion chamber housing 1, install the charge baffle 10 and the pressure plate 12 on the combustion chamber housing 1, and tighten and fix them through the nozzle 2, apply thread sealant to the threads, install the plug 13 on the external threads of the nozzle, apply thread sealant to the threads, and the gas generator is assembled.

[0046] The gas generator has the following processes during use:

[0047] On the gas generator, specifically in the sealing ring groove on the outside of the combustion chamber housing 1, install an O-ring that complies with GB / T3452.1-2005, install the gas generator to the installation interface corresponding to the low-pressure chamber, fix the flange of the gas generator with screws, and finally connect the ignition cable. The gas generator is installed.

[0048] After ignition through the electric cable, the resistance wire of the igniter 3 is heated and quickly ignites the charge in the igniter 3, and the high-temperature combustion gas generated further ignites the ignition powder 4 in the ignition powder box 5; the combustion gas generated by the ignition powder 4 merges with the combustion gas generated by the igniter 3 to ignite the ignition powder diaphragm 6, and the high-temperature solid products generated by the combustion are guided by the nozzle 7 and evenly attached to the surface of each medicine column 8; when the combustion gas flows to the junction of the medicine baffle plate 10, the diaphragm 11 and the pressure plate 12, the step between the medicine column 8 and the medicine baffle plate 10 can reflect the airflow backflow, thereby increasing the contact time between the combustion gas flow and the surface of the medicine column 8 , in a short time, the temperature of the surface of the charge 8 is increased, and at the same time, the pressure on the surface of the charge 8 is increased, the charge 8 is reliably ignited, and gas begins to be generated; the gas is generated on one side of the diaphragm 11 and the charge 8, the pressure in the combustion chamber rises, and at the same time the diaphragm 11 starts to burn and the thickness decreases. When the pressure reaches the upper limit of the pressure of the diaphragm 11 at that moment, the diaphragm 11 ruptures, and the gas flows to the nozzle 2; the pressure at the outlet of the nozzle 2 increases, and when the designed opening pressure is reached, the plugging cover 13 is sheared along the edge, and the gas begins to flow from the combustion chamber to the low-pressure chamber. At this point, the ignition process is over, and the gas generator starts to work normally.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and intent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid charge gas generator, characterized in that: Shell pressure module, ignition module, charging module; the shell pressure module is used to install the ignition module and the charging module, and withstand the pressure in the working process without deformation or damage; the ignition module is used to realize the ignition function of the solid charge gas generator; the charging module is used to provide the contact time between the gas flow and the surface of the charge column, thereby increasing the temperature of the surface of the charge column in a short time.

2. The solid charge gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell pressure module includes the following parts: combustion chamber shell, nozzle, and plugging cover; the combustion chamber shell is fixedly connected to the nozzle, and the plugging cover is fixedly connected to the nozzle; the combustion chamber shell and the nozzle are used to withstand the pressure in the working process without deformation or damage, and the plugging cover realizes the initial pressure of the combustion chamber and is used to prevent debris, foreign matter, and water vapor from entering the gas generator.

3. The solid charge gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition module includes: an igniter, ignition powder, an ignition powder box, an ignition powder diaphragm, and a nozzle; the interior of the ignition powder box is fixedly connected to the exterior of the igniter; one end of the outer surface of the ignition powder box is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber shell; ignition powder is filled in the ignition box and at one end of the igniter, and the ignition powder diaphragm is coated with sealant and bonded to the ignition box to achieve the goal of sealing the other side of the ignition box; the other end of the outer surface of the ignition box is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the nozzle.

4. The solid charge gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical surface of the nozzle is provided with a scattering air flow opening for uniformly spraying the gas generated by the igniter and ignition powder, and the high-temperature solid and gas flow produced by combustion onto the surface of all the powder columns.

5. The solid charge gas generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging module includes the following parts: charge column, locating pin, charge baffle plate, diaphragm and pressure plate; flame retardant paint is applied to both ends of the charge column, adhesive is used to fix all charge columns on the step surface of the charge baffle plate, the diaphragm is clamped with the flat side of the charge baffle plate and the pressure plate, and the charge baffle plate and the pressure plate are aligned and fixed with the gas vent through the locating pin; the charge baffle plate and the pressure plate are installed on the combustion chamber shell and fixed by the nozzle.

6. The solid charge gas generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the gas vent hole of the charge baffle is smaller than the inner diameter of the charge column. The step between the charge column and the charge baffle causes the airflow to reflect and flow back, and combined with the diaphragm, the contact time between the gas flow and the surface of the charge column is increased.

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