A brake disc comprising a layer of encircling fibres and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, the brake disc comprises N surrounding fiber layers and M unidirectional fiber layers, N and M are positive integers greater than 1, the surrounding fiber layer contains carbon fibers distributed spirally around an axis, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a predetermined angle, the angle ranges from 5 to 45 degrees, the unidirectional fiber layer contains second carbon fibers distributed unidirectionally, and the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axial direction of the brake disc. By adopting continuous long fibers for winding and adding vertical unidirectional fiber cloth, the damage of the fibers in the needling process is avoided, and the strength of the brake disc is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of brake disc manufacturing, and particularly relates to a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The brake disc is an important part installed on a vehicle such as an automobile or a motorcycle, and mainly functions to reduce speed or stop suddenly in the operation of the automobile, which is particularly important for the safety of human life in an emergency. The brake disc is divided into two common types of a metal brake disc and a carbon ceramic brake disc. The carbon ceramic brake disc is made of carbon fiber and ceramic material, and has the characteristics of being lighter, having higher braking performance and wear resistance, and being suitable for high-performance vehicles. The carbon / carbon composite material is a full-carbon composite material with carbon fiber fabric as the reinforcing material and carbon as the matrix, and has the characteristics of small density, high temperature resistance, friction resistance, wear resistance, high specific strength, excellent thermal shock resistance and large braking energy absorption, so that the carbon / carbon composite material becomes a good friction material and is widely used in the preparation of carbon fiber brake disc preforms. At present, the brake disc is generally prepared by stacking and needling carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and carbon fiber tire. In the process of stacking and needling, the long fibers are inevitably damaged, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the material. Moreover, the needling process is complex and has high requirements on the performance of the process.

[0003] To this end, the present application provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which is prepared by winding continuous long fibers and adding vertical unidirectional fiber cloth therein, so as to avoid the damage of the fibers in the needling process and improve the strength of the brake disc. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which is prepared by winding continuous long fibers and adding vertical unidirectional fiber cloth therein, so as to avoid the damage of the fibers in the needling process and improve the strength of the brake disc.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, and N and M are positive integers greater than 1. The surrounding fiber layer comprises carbon fibers spirally distributed around an axial center, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a predetermined angle, the angle ranges from 5 to 45 degrees, and the unidirectional fiber layer comprises second carbon fibers unidirectionally distributed, the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axial direction of the brake disc.

[0006] Preferably, n layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers, and n is a natural number between 1 and 5.

[0007] Preferably, the spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of the two adjacent surrounding fiber layers are parallel to each other.

[0008] Preferably, the carbon fibers of the two adjacent surrounding fiber layers have a second included angle of 0-90°.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the surrounding fiber layer is 0.2-2mm.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the unidirectional fiber layer is 0.2-1mm.

[0011] Preferably, the silicon carbide content of the brake disc is 30-50vol%, the silicon content is 3-13vol%, and the carbon content is 40-65vol%.

[0012] The present application also provides a preparation method of a brake disc containing surrounding fiber layers, for preparing the above brake disc containing surrounding fiber layers, the preparation method is as follows:

[0013] S1: soaking unidirectional carbon fiber bundles with a carbon fiber k value of 3-13k, and winding a plurality of treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles on a cylindrical core mold at a predetermined angle to obtain a surrounding fiber layer;

[0014] S2: performing the S1 step A times to obtain A surrounding fiber layers, A is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, then laying a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth with a predetermined thickness on the outer periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, brushing liquid furan resin on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately extruding to make the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer tightly laminated to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0015] S3: repeating the S1 step and the S2 step until a brake disc pre-form with a predetermined diameter is obtained, the brake disc pre-form includes N surrounding fiber layers and M unidirectional fiber layers;

[0016] S4: performing curing treatment on the brake disc pre-form, and after curing, removing the core mold and cutting to a desired thickness to obtain a brake disc blank, wherein the curing temperature is 150-200℃, and the time is 6-12h;

[0017] S5: performing carbonization treatment on the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900℃, and the holding time is 4-8h;

[0018] S6: placing the carbonized blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the carbonized blank with the boron nitride into a high-temperature vacuum furnace to perform siliconizing treatment to obtain a siliconized body; the boron nitride crucible is pre-filled with pure silicon powder with a mass of 1.1 times that of the carbonized blank; the siliconizing treatment temperature is 1600-1700℃, the holding time is 2-4h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0019] S7: surface grinding and outer contour size processing are performed on the siliconized body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0020] Preferably, the soaking solution in the S1 step is liquid furan resin; the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-150% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle; the diameter of the core mold is 180-240 mm, and the height is 400-1000 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the mass of the liquid furan resin in the S2 step is 60-120% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.

[0022] Preferably, the residual carbon rate of the liquid furan resin used in the S1 step and the S2 step is 55-65%.

[0023] Beneficial effects: the carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide brake disc provided by the application avoids the damage of fibers in the needling process by adopting continuous long fibers for winding and adding vertical unidirectional fiber cloth therein, greatly improving the strength of the brake disc. Because the long fibers do not need to be needled, the strength of the fibers is well preserved, and the fibers are distributed in a spiral around the axis, ensuring the radial strength of the brake disc; the adjacent spiral fiber layers also have unidirectional fibers perpendicular to the disc surface, which also ensures the strength in the thickness direction of the material. In addition, the application also provides a preparation method of a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which has simple preparation process, simple operation mode, high production efficiency, energy saving, simple fiber winding process, high yield, and significantly reduced production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the surrounding fiber layer and the unidirectional fiber layer of the brake disc of the application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sampling direction of the test sample.

[0026] In the figure: 1-surrounding fiber layer, 2-unidirectional fiber layer, 3-radial strength sample, 4-circumferential strength sample, 5-axial strength sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the application.

[0028] REFERENCE Figure 1 The application provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which comprises N surrounding fiber layers 1 and M unidirectional fiber layers 2, N and M are positive integers greater than 1, and it should be noted that,Figure 1 The carbon fiber orientation of the brake disc, the surrounding fiber layer and the unidirectional fiber layer are only one of the composition modes, and the brake disc is not limited to three layers. The surrounding fiber layer comprises carbon fibers spirally distributed around the axis, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a predetermined angle, the angle ranges from 5 to 45 degrees, and the unidirectional fiber layer comprises unidirectional distributed second carbon fibers, the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axis direction of the brake disc.

[0029] Among them, n layers of surrounding fiber layers 1 are distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers 2, and n is a natural number between 1 and 5. For example, one layer of surrounding fiber layer is distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers; or two layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers; three layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers; four layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers; and five layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between the two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers.

[0030] The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of the two adjacent surrounding fiber layers are parallel to each other.

[0031] The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of the two adjacent surrounding fiber layers form a second angle, and the second angle ranges from 0 to 90 degrees.

[0032] The thickness of the surrounding fiber layer is 0.2-2mm.

[0033] The thickness of the unidirectional fiber layer is 0.2-1mm.

[0034] The content of silicon carbide in the brake disc is 30-50vol%, the content of silicon is 3-13vol%, and the content of carbon is 40-65vol%.

[0035] The k value of the carbon fibers of the surrounding fiber layer and the k value of the second carbon fibers in the unidirectional fiber layer can be the same or different, and the k value of the carbon fibers and the second carbon fibers ranges from 3 to 13k.

[0036] The application also provides a preparation method of a brake disc comprising a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0037] S1: soaking unidirectional carbon fiber bundles with a k value of 3-13k, and winding a plurality of treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles on a cylindrical core mold at a predetermined angle to obtain a surrounding fiber layer;

[0038] S2: A layer of surrounding fiber layer is obtained by implementing the step S1 for A times, A is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, then a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth with a predetermined thickness is laid on the outer periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, liquid furan resin is brushed on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer are tightly laminated by appropriate extrusion to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0039] S3: The steps S1 and S2 are repeated until a brake disc blank with a predetermined diameter is obtained, the brake disc blank includes N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers;

[0040] S4: The brake disc blank is subjected to a curing treatment, after curing, the core mold is removed, and the brake disc blank is cut to a required thickness to obtain a brake disc blank, wherein the curing temperature is 150-200℃, and the time is 6-12h;

[0041] S5: The brake disc blank is subjected to a carbonization treatment to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900℃, and the holding time is 4-8h;

[0042] S6: The carbonized blank is placed in a boron nitride crucible, the carbonized blank with the boron nitride crucible is placed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconizing treatment to obtain a siliconized body; the boron nitride crucible is pre-filled with pure silicon powder with a mass of 1.1 times that of the carbonized blank; the siliconizing treatment temperature is 1600-1700℃, the holding time is 2-4h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0043] S7: The siliconized body is subjected to surface polishing and outer contour size processing to obtain the brake disc with surrounding fiber layers.

[0044] In the step S1, the soaking solution is liquid furan resin; the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-150% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle; the diameter of the core mold is 180-240mm, and the height is 400-1000mm.

[0045] In the step S2, the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-120% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The embodiment provides a brake disc with surrounding fiber layers, and the preparation steps are as follows:

[0048] S1: A unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 12k is subjected to soaking treatment, the soaking solution is liquid furan resin, the mass of the liquid furan resin is 90% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle, a plurality of treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles are wound on a cylindrical core mold at an angle of 45° with the surface of the brake disc, and the winding is performed from one end of the core mold to the other end to obtain a layer of surrounding fiber layer; the core mold is made of Teflon, the diameter is 200mm, and the length is 500mm.

[0049] S2: Then a predetermined thickness of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is laid around the outer periphery of the fiber layer, the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, liquid furan resin is brushed on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer are tightly laminated by appropriate extrusion to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0050] S3: Repeat the steps S1 and S2 until a brake disc pre-form with a diameter of 390 mm is obtained, the brake disc pre-form comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, the surrounding fiber layers and the unidirectional fiber layers are arranged alternately, and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on one side of each unidirectional fiber layer and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on the other side of the unidirectional fiber layer are arranged at an angle of 90°;

[0051] S4: The brake disc pre-form is subjected to curing treatment, and after curing, the core mold is removed and cut to a thickness of 35 mm to obtain a brake disc blank, wherein the curing temperature is 150°C, and the time is 6h;

[0052] S5: The brake disc blank is subjected to carbonization treatment to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900°C, and the holding time is 6h;

[0053] S6: The carbonized blank is placed in a boron nitride crucible, the carbonized blank is placed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconizing treatment to obtain a siliconized body; the boron nitride crucible is pre-filled with pure silicon powder with a mass of 1.1 times that of the carbonized blank; the siliconizing treatment temperature is 1650°C, the holding time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0054] S7: The siliconized body is subjected to surface polishing and outer contour size processing to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The present embodiment provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation steps are as follows:

[0057] S1: The unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 12k is subjected to immersion treatment, the immersion solution is liquid furan resin, the liquid furan resin is 90% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle, and a plurality of treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles are wound on a cylindrical core mold at an angle of 30° with the surface of the brake disc, from one end of the core mold to the other end to obtain a surrounding fiber layer; the core mold is made of Teflon material, with a diameter of 200mm and a length of 500mm;

[0058] S2: Then a predetermined thickness of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is laid around the outer periphery of the fiber layer, the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, liquid furan resin is brushed on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer are tightly laminated by appropriate extrusion to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0059] S3: Repeat the steps S1 and S2 until a brake disc pre-form with a diameter of 390 mm is obtained, the brake disc pre-form includes N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, the surrounding fiber layers and the unidirectional fiber layers are arranged alternately, and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on one side of each unidirectional fiber layer and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on the other side of the unidirectional fiber layer are arranged at an angle of 60°;

[0060] S4: The brake disc pre-form is subjected to curing treatment, and after curing, the core mold is removed and cut to a thickness of 35 mm to obtain a brake disc blank, wherein the curing temperature is 150°C, and the time is 6h;

[0061] S5: The brake disc blank is subjected to carbonization treatment to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900°C, and the holding time is 6h;

[0062] S6: The carbonized blank is placed in a boron nitride crucible, the carbonized blank is placed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconizing treatment to obtain a siliconized body; the boron nitride crucible is pre-filled with pure silicon powder with a mass of 1.1 times that of the carbonized blank; the siliconizing treatment temperature is 1650°C, the holding time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0063] S7: The siliconized body is subjected to surface polishing and outer contour size processing to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] The embodiment provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation steps are as follows:

[0066] S1: The unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a k value of 12k is subjected to immersion treatment, the immersion solution is liquid furan resin, the mass of the liquid furan resin is 90% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle, a plurality of treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles are wound on a cylindrical core mold at an angle of 45° with the surface of the brake disc, and the unidirectional carbon fiber bundles are wound from one end of the core mold to the other end to obtain a first layer of surrounding fiber layer; the core mold is made of Teflon material, has a diameter of 200mm and a length of 500mm; a second layer of surrounding fiber layer is obtained by continuing to wind the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle around the outer periphery of the first layer of surrounding fiber layer, and the carbon fibers of the two layers of surrounding fiber layers are arranged at an angle of 90° with each other;

[0067] S2: Then a predetermined thickness of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is laid on the outer periphery of the two layers of surrounding fiber layers, the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, liquid furan resin is brushed on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layers are tightly laminated by appropriate extrusion to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0068] S3: The steps of S1 and S2 are repeated until a brake disc pre-form with a diameter of 390 mm is obtained, the brake disc pre-form comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, and every two layers of surrounding fiber layers and one layer of unidirectional fiber layers are alternately arranged, wherein the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on one side of each unidirectional fiber layer and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on the other side of the unidirectional fiber layer are arranged at an angle of 90°;

[0069] S4: The brake disc pre-form is subjected to curing treatment, and after curing, the core mold is removed and the brake disc pre-form is cut to a thickness of 35 mm to obtain a brake disc blank, wherein the curing temperature is 150°C and the time is 6h;

[0070] S5: The brake disc blank is subjected to carbonization treatment to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900°C, and the holding time is 6h;

[0071] S6: The carbonized blank is placed in a boron nitride crucible, the carbonized blank is placed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconizing treatment to obtain a siliconized body; the boron nitride crucible is pre-filled with pure silicon powder with a mass of 1.1 times that of the carbonized blank; the siliconizing treatment temperature is 1650°C, the holding time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0072] S7: The siliconized body is subjected to surface polishing and outer contour size processing to obtain the brake disc containing surrounding fiber layers.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] This comparative example provides a carbon-ceramic brake disc, the brake disc blank of the carbon-ceramic brake disc is composed of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and net tire combination stacking, and the preparation method is as follows: carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and carbon fiber carbon fiber net tire are cross-stacked to obtain a carbon fiber preform, the carbon fiber preform is subjected to chemical vapor deposition, the deposition gas source is methane and nitrogen, the gas flow is 150L / min and 15L / min, and the deposition density reaches 1.4g / cm 3, the deposition time is 400 h, and the deposition temperature is 950℃. Then, a graphitization body is obtained by performing a low-temperature graphitization treatment at a temperature of 1700℃ for 2 h. The graphitization body is mechanically processed to obtain a brake disc blank. The brake disc blank is placed in a boron nitride crucible containing pure silicon powder in an amount of 1.1 times the mass of the brake disc blank, and then is placed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace to perform a silicon infiltration treatment at a temperature of 1650℃ for 2 h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000 Pa. The brake disc blank after the silicon infiltration treatment is polished and processed in size to obtain the carbon ceramic brake disc.

[0075] The brake discs prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are tested. The testing method is as follows:

[0076] The bending strength is tested according to the method for testing the bending strength of fine ceramics in GBT_65669-2006, and the strength of different orientation samples is tested respectively. The orientation sample can refer to Figure 2 .

[0077] Radial strength sample 3: the test sample is a rectangular sample with a size of 3mm*4mm*50mm, and the long side direction of the test sample is the same as any radial direction of the brake disc;

[0078] Axial strength sample 5: the test sample is a rectangular sample with a size of 3mm*4mm*35mm, the test span is 30mm, and the long side direction of the test sample is the same as the axial direction of the brake disc

[0079] Circumferential strength sample 4: the test sample is a rectangular sample with a size of 3mm*4mm*50mm, and the sampling position meets the following requirements:

[0080] The 4mm*50mm rectangular face of the test sample is parallel to the disc face of the brake disc, the center of the 4mm*50mm rectangular face and the vertical line of the center axis of the brake disc are the sampling vertical line, and the sampling vertical line is perpendicular to the long side of the rectangular sample. The test data is shown in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1: Test data of the brake discs of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1

[0082] Scheme Radial strength Axial strength Circumferential strength Example 1 100 MPa 170 MPa 150 MPa Example 2 100 MPa 160 MPa 170 MPa Example 3 100 MPa 150 MPa 180 MPa Comparative Example 1 100 MPa 80 MPa 100 MPa

[0083] From the test data above, in Example 1, the axial strength of the sample after silicon infiltration is provided by the single fiber layer and the surrounding fiber layer, and since the reinforcing fibers in the material are all continuous fibers and there is no damage to the fibers by needling, the strength is significantly higher than that of the comparative example. The circumferential strength is only provided by the surrounding fiber layer, so its strength is lower than the axial strength, but it is still higher than that of the comparative example. The radial strength is provided by the reaction sintered silicon carbide between the layers, and its strength is the same as that of the comparative example; in Example 2, the fiber surrounding angle and the disc surface angle of the brake disc are 30°, the angle between the surrounding fiber and the axis of the brake disc is increased, so the axial strength decreases, but the circumferential strength increases, and the radial strength remains unchanged; in Example 3, the number of layers of the surrounding fiber layer between the two-directional cloth layers is increased, so the axial strength decreases, but the circumferential strength increases. It can be seen that the brake disc is subjected to greater circumferential load during operation, and the requirements for radial and axial strength are lower. The present application effectively improves the circumferential strength of the brake disc, so its advantages are more obvious compared with the brake disc provided by the comparative example.

[0084] The above only discloses several preferred embodiments of the present application, and of course cannot limit the scope of the rights of the present application, so equivalent changes made in the scope of the patent application of the present application still fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A brake disc comprising a layer of circumferential fibres, characterised in that, The brake disc comprises N layers of spiral fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, N and M are positive integers greater than 1, the spiral fiber layer comprises carbon fibers spirally distributed around the axis, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a predetermined angle, the angle ranges from 5 to 45 degrees, the unidirectional fiber layer comprises second carbon fibers unidirectionally distributed, and the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axial direction of the brake disc.

2. The brake rotor comprising a surrounding layer of fibers as defined in claim 1, wherein, n layers of spiral fiber layers are distributed between adjacent two layers of the unidirectional fiber layers, and n is a natural number between 1 and 5.

3. The brake rotor comprising a surrounding layer of fibers as defined in claim 1, wherein, The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of adjacent two layers of the spiral fiber layers are parallel to each other.

4. The brake rotor comprising a surrounding layer of fibers as defined in claim 1, wherein, The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of adjacent two layers of the spiral fiber layers form a second angle, and the second angle ranges from 0 to 90 degrees.

5. A brake disc comprising a layer of surrounding fibres as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibres are formed from a material which is resistant to corrosion by brake fluid. The thickness of the spiral fiber layer is 0.2-2mm.

6. A brake disc comprising a layer of surrounding fibres as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibres are formed from a material which is resistant to corrosion by brake fluid. The thickness of the unidirectional fiber layer is 0.2-1mm.

7. The brake rotor comprising a surrounding layer of fibers as defined in claim 1, wherein, The content of silicon carbide in the brake disc is 30-50vol%, the content of silicon is 3-13vol%, and the content of carbon is 40-65vol%.

8. A method of manufacturing a brake disc comprising a surrounding fibre layer, for manufacturing a brake disc comprising a surrounding fibre layer as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that, The preparation method is as follows: S1: soaking unidirectional carbon fiber bundles with a carbon fiber k value of 3-13k, and winding a plurality of treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles on a cylindrical core mold at a predetermined angle to obtain a spiral fiber layer; S2: performing S1 step A times to obtain A layers of spiral fiber layers, A is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, then laying a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth with a predetermined thickness on the outer periphery of the spiral fiber layer, the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, brushing liquid furan resin on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately extruding to make the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the spiral fiber layer tightly combined to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer; S3: repeating S1 step and S2 step until a brake disc pre-form with a predetermined diameter is obtained, the brake disc pre-form comprises N layers of spiral fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers; S4: curing the brake disc pre-form, removing the core mold after curing, and cutting to obtain a brake disc blank with a required thickness, wherein the curing temperature is 150-200℃, and the time is 6-12h; S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900℃, and the holding time is 4-8h; S6: placing the carbonized blank in a boron nitride crucible, placing the carbonized blank with the boron nitride in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconizing treatment to obtain a siliconized body; the boron nitride crucible is pre-filled with pure silicon powder with a mass of 1.1 times that of the carbonized blank; the siliconizing treatment temperature is 1600-1700℃, the holding time is 2-4h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa; S7: polishing the surface of the siliconized body and processing the outer contour size to obtain the brake disc with spiral fiber layers.

9. The method of manufacturing a brake disc comprising a layer of surrounding fibres as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that, In S1 step, the soaking solution is liquid furan resin; the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-150% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle; the diameter of the core mold is 180-240mm, and the height is 400-1000mm.

10. The method of manufacturing a brake disc comprising a layer of surrounding fibres as claimed in claim 8, wherein, In S2 step, the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-120% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.

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