Solenoid valve and shock absorber

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic valve and a shock absorber. The electromagnetic valve comprises a shell, a main valve body, a valve rod and an electromagnet. The shell comprises a first containing space and a second containing space which are arranged in the axis direction, and the first containing space comprises a first valve port formed in the circumferential direction. The main valve body is at least arranged in the second containing space and comprises a connecting hole. The valve rod is at least arranged in the first containing space and comprises a first rod end and a second rod end which are opposite in the axis direction, and the first rod end stretches into the second containing space and is connected to the connecting hole in a sliding mode. The electromagnet is arranged on the outer side of the first containing space and at least partially surrounds the first valve port. The damping of the electromagnetic valve is continuously adjustable, the structure is simpler and more compact, and the electromagnetic valve can be used for shock absorbers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a solenoid valve and a shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] In the automobile suspension system, since the spring itself will reciprocate when filtering road vibration, in order to improve the smoothness of the car's driving, a shock absorber is usually installed in the suspension system to suppress the oscillation when the spring rebounds after absorbing the vibration. Therefore, the shock absorber can reduce the vibration of the frame and body to improve the smoothness of the car's driving.

[0003] With the rapid development of the automobile industry and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for the ride comfort of automobiles. Shock absorbers with a single damping value can no longer meet people's needs, and shock absorbers with adjustable damping values ​​have emerged. Summary of the invention

[0004] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solenoid valve, which includes a shell, a main valve body, a valve stem and an electromagnet; the shell includes a first accommodating space and a second accommodating space arranged along an axial direction, wherein the first accommodating space includes a first valve port arranged along a circumferential direction; the main valve body is at least arranged in the second accommodating space, including a connecting hole; the valve stem is at least arranged in the first accommodating space, including a first rod end and a second rod end opposite to each other in the axial direction, the first rod end extends into the second accommodating space, and is slidably connected to the connecting hole; the electromagnet is arranged outside the first accommodating space and at least partially surrounds the first valve port.

[0005] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the shell includes a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell arranged along the axial direction, the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell are spaced apart to form the first valve port, the valve stem includes a first fluid outlet, the first fluid outlet is opposite to the first valve port, and the valve stem is configured to be controlled to move along the axial direction to adjust the facing area between the first fluid outlet and the first valve port.

[0006] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the valve stem includes a first fluid channel, a second fluid channel and a third fluid channel; the first fluid channel extends along the axial direction and passes through the first rod end and the second rod end; the second fluid channel extends along the axial direction and is located on one side of the first fluid channel; the third fluid channel is connected to the second fluid channel, and the extension direction is perpendicular to the axial direction, and includes the first fluid outlet.

[0007] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second sub-shell includes a first part and a second part; the first part is configured to form the first accommodating space together with the first sub-shell, wherein the first accommodating space has a first diameter at the first part; the second part is configured to form the second accommodating space, the second accommodating space has a second diameter, and the second diameter is larger than the first diameter.

[0008] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first accommodating space has a third diameter at the first sub-housing, and the third diameter is larger than the first diameter and smaller than the second diameter.

[0009] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the valve stem includes a first rod portion and a second rod portion; the first rod portion is at least partially located in the first accommodating space formed by the first sub-shell and has a first rod diameter, and the second rod portion is at least partially located in the first accommodating space formed by the second sub-shell, wherein the second rod portion has a main body portion and a narrowing portion located on a side of the main body portion away from the first rod portion, the main body portion has a second rod diameter, the narrowing portion has a third rod diameter, the second rod diameter is larger than the third rod diameter, and the second fluid channel runs through the main bodies of the first rod portion and the second rod portion.

[0010] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the third fluid channel is located in the first rod portion, the first rod diameter is larger than the second rod diameter to form a first step limit portion at the connection between the first rod portion and the second rod portion, and the first step limit portion cooperates with the end of the first part of the second sub-shell close to the first sub-shell to limit the movement limit of the valve stem toward the main valve body.

[0011] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first rod end is connected to the side of the narrowing portion away from the main body portion, the first rod end is at least partially located in the second accommodating space formed by the second sub-shell, and has a fourth rod diameter, wherein the third rod diameter is larger than the fourth rod diameter.

[0012] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the narrowing portion and the side wall of the first part of the second sub-shell form a receiving cavity, and the second fluid channel is connected to the second receiving space through the receiving cavity.

[0013] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the third rod diameter is larger than the fourth rod diameter to form a second step limit portion at the connection between the narrowing portion and the first rod end, and a return spring is provided on the first surface of the main valve body close to the first accommodating space, and the return spring is limited between the first surface and the narrowing portion by the second step limit portion.

[0014] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the shell also includes a third sub-shell, and the third sub-shell is spaced apart from the first sub-shell along the axial direction to expose the first valve port, and the third sub-shell is adjacent to the second sub-shell and has a gap to form a first fluid path connected to the first valve port between the second sub-shell and the third sub-shell.

[0015] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the third sub-shell includes a first extending portion and a second extending portion; the first extending portion extends along the axial direction, and forms a first sub-path of the first fluid path with the second sub-shell; the second extending portion extends perpendicular to the axial direction, and forms a second sub-path of the first fluid path with the second sub-shell, wherein the second sub-shell includes a second fluid path, the second fluid path has a first fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet, and the first fluid inlet is connected to the second sub-path.

[0016] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the electromagnet is disposed in a groove formed by the first extending portion and the second extending portion.

[0017] For example, the solenoid valve provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: a safety gasket and a reset spring, which are arranged at the first fluid inlet, wherein the reset spring is arranged between the electromagnet and the safety gasket, and the safety gasket includes at least one opening, and the safety gasket is configured to control the flow rate of the first fluid inlet under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet and the elastic force of the reset spring.

[0018] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first extension portion of the third sub-shell is spaced apart from the first sub-shell and forms a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is configured to install a magnetic isolation ring, wherein the orthographic projection of the first valve port on the magnetic isolation ring is located inside the magnetic isolation ring.

[0019] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the main valve body includes a cavity connected to the first fluid channel, the second sub-shell also includes a third accommodating space connected to the second accommodating space and located on the side of the second accommodating space away from the first accommodating space, and the solenoid valve also includes: a passive valve body, arranged in the third accommodating space, the passive valve body includes a second valve port, a third valve port and a spacer; the third valve port at least partially surrounds the second valve port, and the spacer is located between the second valve port and the third valve port, wherein a controllable overflow valve port that can be opened or closed is formed between the spacer and the main valve body, and the overflow valve port is connected to the third valve port and the cavity when it is opened.

[0020] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the main valve body further includes a force-bearing portion extending into the third accommodating space in a direction perpendicular to the axial line, and the third valve port exposes the force-bearing portion.

[0021] For example, the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: a pressure reducing valve, which is continuously arranged in the cavity and the second valve port; wherein the pressure reducing valve includes a rivet, an elastic member, a support plate and at least one gasket; the rivet is continuously arranged in the cavity and the second valve port, the elastic member is at least arranged in the cavity, and is arranged at the end of the rivet close to the valve stem, the support plate is arranged on the side of the elastic member away from the valve stem and is slidably connected to the rivet, at least one gasket is arranged on the side of the support plate away from the valve stem and is slidably connected to the rivet, covering the second valve port, wherein each of the at least one gasket includes at least one opening.

[0022] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sub-shell also includes a fourth accommodating space connected to the first accommodating space and located on the side of the first accommodating space away from the second accommodating space, the fourth accommodating space has a fourth diameter, and the fourth diameter is smaller than the first diameter; the second rod end is connected to the side of the first rod portion away from the second rod portion, is at least partially located in the fourth accommodating space, and has a fifth rod diameter, which is smaller than the first rod diameter.

[0023] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a shock absorber, which includes the solenoid valve provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a valve stem of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 An exploded view of a valve stem of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5 A top view of a valve stem of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the valve stem along line AA;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of a solenoid valve;

[0032] Figure 8 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second sub-housing of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Fig. 9 A top view of a second sub-housing of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second sub-shell along line BB;

[0035] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second sub-shell along line CC;

[0036] Fig.12 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembly of the third sub-housing and the second sub-housing of the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Fig.13 An exploded view of the assembled third sub-housing and the second sub-housing of the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Fig.14 for Fig.12 A top view of the third sub-shell and the second sub-shell in FIG.

[0039] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A schematic cross-sectional view of the third sub-shell and the second sub-shell along line DD;

[0040] Fig.16 for Fig.15 An enlarged schematic diagram of the third subshell and the second subshell at circle E;

[0041] Fig.17 A schematic plan view of a safety gasket of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Fig.18 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a main valve body of a solenoid valve provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Fig.19 for Fig.18 A top view of the main valve body in FIG.

[0044] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 A schematic cross-sectional view of the main valve body along line FF;

[0045] Fig.21 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another main valve body of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Fig. 22 for Fig.21 A top view of the main valve body in FIG.

[0047] Fig.23 for Fig. 22 A schematic cross-sectional view of the main valve body along line GG;

[0048] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic member of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Fig.25 A schematic side view of an elastic member of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0050] Fig.26 A schematic structural diagram of a gasket of a pressure reducing valve of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Inside", "outside", "upper", "lower" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0053] The features such as "parallel", "perpendicular", and "identical" used in this disclosure include the features such as "parallel", "perpendicular", and "identical" in the strict sense, as well as the cases where "substantially parallel", "substantially overlapping", "substantially identical", etc. contain certain errors, taking into account the errors associated with the measurement of specific quantities (e.g., the limitations of the measurement system), and represent the acceptable deviation range for a specific value determined by ordinary technicians in this field. For example, "substantially" can mean within one or more standard deviations, and if not otherwise specified, can mean within a 10% or 5% deviation range of the value.

[0054] With the development of automobile electrification and autonomous driving technology, the weight of automobiles has increased and the dynamic performance has also improved. Therefore, automobiles need shock absorbers to work in a wider range, which requires the damping characteristics of shock absorbers to be continuously adjustable. In this regard, a solenoid valve with continuously adjustable damping can be used to achieve continuous adjustment of the damping characteristics of the shock absorber.

[0055] The solenoid valve with continuously adjustable damping used in automobile shock absorbers needs to realize two functions: one is the continuous adjustable damping, in which case the working current range of the solenoid valve is I ~ Imax, and the other is safety in case of failure, in which case the working current range of the solenoid valve is 0 ~ I. In other words, in addition to being able to realize continuous adjustable damping under the drive of the working current, the solenoid valve used in automobile shock absorbers also needs to ensure that it can remain safe in the event of power failure or driver failure, thereby ensuring basic driving and operating safety. For example, in the event of power failure or driver failure, the damping of the solenoid valve can be maintained at a central value within its adjustable range, thereby ensuring basic driving and operating safety. It should be noted that the above-mentioned I can also be called the turning current, and its value can usually be 300 ~ 450mA, and can reach 600mA in some cases.

[0056] In this regard, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solenoid valve, which includes a shell, a main valve body, a valve stem and an electromagnet; the shell includes a first accommodating space and a second accommodating space arranged along the axial direction, the first accommodating space includes a first valve port arranged along the circumferential direction; the main valve body is at least arranged in the second accommodating space, including a connecting hole; the valve stem is at least arranged in the first accommodating space, including a first rod end and a second rod end opposite to each other in the axial direction, the first rod end extends into the second accommodating space, and is slidably connected to the connecting hole; the electromagnet is arranged outside the first accommodating space and at least partially surrounds the first valve port.

[0057] The solenoid valve provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used for a shock absorber, and the shock absorber can be used for any equipment that requires shock absorption, such as a moving vehicle. The solenoid valve can adjust the pressure inside the valve in a balanced state through the first valve port, and can adjust the flow of the first valve port by adjusting the working current of the solenoid valve, thereby adjusting the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve, thereby achieving continuous adjustable damping; on the other hand, the shock absorber has a simpler and more compact structure, a smaller size, and is easy to install, and has higher safety and economy.

[0058] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a shock absorber, which includes any solenoid valve provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The shock absorber provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used for any equipment requiring shock absorption, such as a moving vehicle, and can effectively adjust the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve during the operation of the shock absorber.

[0059] The solenoid valve and shock absorber provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below through several specific embodiments.

[0060] For example, Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1-Figure 2 The solenoid valve includes a housing 100, a main valve body 200, a valve stem 300, an electromagnet 400 and other structures. For example, these structures can be assembled into a whole by press-fitting.

[0061] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the shell 100 includes a first accommodating space S1 and a second accommodating space S2 arranged along the axial direction X. The first accommodating space S1 includes a first valve port H1 arranged along the circumferential direction. For example, the first valve port H1 can at least partially surround the first accommodating space S1. For example, the first valve port H1 can completely surround the first accommodating space S1 to form an annular valve port, or the first valve port H1 can also include a plurality of sub-valve ports arranged around the first accommodating space S1.

[0062] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the main valve body 200 is at least arranged in the second accommodating space S2, including a connecting hole 201; the valve stem 300 is at least arranged in the first accommodating space S1, including a first rod end 301 and a second rod end 302 opposite to each other in the axial direction X, the first rod end 301 extends into the second accommodating space S2, and is slidably connected to the connecting hole 201, for example, the valve stem 300 can move relative to the main valve body 200 along the axial direction X, at this time, the first rod end 301 slides relative to the connecting hole 201 along the axial direction X.

[0063] For example, the valve stem 300 and the housing portion surrounding the valve stem 300 constitute a pilot valve, the main valve body 200 and the housing portion surrounding the main valve body 200 constitute a main valve, and multiple fluid paths can be formed in the pilot valve and the main valve to adjust the pressure inside the solenoid valve.

[0064] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the electromagnet 400 is arranged outside the first accommodating space S1 and around the valve stem 300. For example, the electromagnet 400 at least partially surrounds the first valve port H1, for example, completely surrounds the first valve port H1. For example, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction X, at least part of the orthographic projection of the first valve port H1 on the electromagnet 400 is located inside the electromagnet 400. For example, the orthographic projection of the first valve port H1 on the electromagnet 400 is completely located inside the electromagnet 400. The electromagnet 400 can control the valve stem 300, for example, control the valve stem 300 to move along the axial direction X.

[0065] For example, in some embodiments, the housing 100 includes a first sub-housing 101 and a second sub-housing 102 arranged along the axial direction X, the first sub-housing 101 and the second sub-housing 102 are spaced apart to form a first valve port H1, the valve stem 300 includes a first fluid outlet 300A, the first fluid outlet 300A is opposite to / faces the first valve port H1, and the valve stem 300 is configured to be controlled to move along the axial direction X to adjust the facing area of ​​the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1, thereby adjusting the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1, that is, adjusting the fluid flow out of the first valve port H1. When the facing area of ​​the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 is larger, the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 is larger, and when the facing area of ​​the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 is smaller, the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 is smaller.

[0066] For example, the movement of the valve stem 300, such as the movement direction and the movement distance, can be controlled by controlling the current of the electromagnet 400, thereby controlling the area of ​​the first fluid outlet 300A facing the first valve port H1, thereby adjusting the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1, thereby controlling the pilot valve to reach different equilibrium states, and adjusting the pressure in the pilot valve in the equilibrium state, thereby adjusting the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve, and realizing the continuous adjustable damping of the solenoid valve. In addition, the valve stem 300 can act as an armature and be controlled by the electromagnet 400, thereby eliminating the need for an additional armature, making the structure of the solenoid valve simpler, more compact, smaller in size, and more convenient to install.

[0067] For example, Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a valve stem of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 4 This is the exploded view of the valve stem. Figure 5 is a top view of the valve stem. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The cross-sectional diagram of the valve stem along line AA is shown in Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the valve stem 300 includes a first fluid channel T1, a second fluid channel T2, and a third fluid channel T3; the first fluid channel T1 extends along the axial direction X, for example, is located in the middle of the valve stem 300, and the first fluid channel T1 passes through the first rod end 301 and the second rod end 302; the second fluid channel T2 extends along the axial direction X, and is located on one side of the first fluid channel T1, Figure 1 and Figure 6 Shown as the left side; the third fluid channel T3 is connected to the second fluid channel T2, but is separated from the first fluid channel T1, for example, by the sleeve 305. The extension direction of the third fluid channel T3 is perpendicular to the axial direction X, for example, forming a transverse fluid channel, and the third fluid channel T3 includes the above-mentioned first fluid outlet 300A.

[0068] For example, in some embodiments, the third fluid channel T3 may be an annular channel surrounding the first fluid channel T1 , or, in other embodiments, the third fluid channel T3 may be semi-annular, or include a plurality of sub-channels.

[0069] Therefore, reference Figure 1The fluid flowing in from the lower end of the first fluid channel T1 of the valve stem 300 can flow out from the upper end of the first fluid channel T1 through the first fluid channel T1, and then flow into the second fluid channel T2 through the gap between the valve stem 300 and the first sub-housing 101. When the fluid passes through the third fluid channel T3, it is diverted by the third fluid channel T3, and a part of the fluid flows out from the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 through the third fluid channel T3, and the other part of the fluid continues to flow downward along the second fluid channel T2. In this way, the pressure inside the pilot valve can be adjusted through different fluid channels.

[0070] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first rod portion 303 of the valve stem 300 is sealed with the first sub-housing 101 through the first sealing ring 311, and the second rod portion 304 of the valve stem 300 is sealed with the second sub-housing 102 through the second sealing ring 312. For example, an annular groove is respectively provided on the first rod portion 303 and the second rod portion 304 to accommodate the first sealing ring 311 and the second sealing ring 312. For example, the first sealing ring 311 and the second sealing ring 312 can be in the form of rubber rings, etc., which can fully achieve the sealing effect. As a result, the fluid can strictly flow along the fluid channel opened in the valve stem 300.

[0071] For example, Figure 7 Shows Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of a solenoid valve in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the second sub-shell 102 includes a first part 1021 and a second part 1022; the first part 1021 is configured to form a first accommodating space S1 together with the first sub-shell 101, for example, the first accommodating space S1 is mainly used to accommodate the valve stem 300, and the first accommodating space S1 has a first diameter D1 at the first part 1021; the second part 1022 is configured to form a second accommodating space S2, for example, the second accommodating space S2 is mainly used to accommodate the main valve body 200, and the second accommodating space S2 has a second diameter D2, and the second diameter D2 is larger than the first diameter D1, so as to form more fluid space in the second accommodating space S2, such as the cavity T4 of the main valve body 200 and the space above the first surface 200A of the main valve body 200 introduced later, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the pressure in the solenoid valve.

[0072] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, the first accommodating space S1 has a third diameter D3 at the first sub-housing 101, and the third diameter D3 is larger than the first diameter D1, for example, slightly larger than the first diameter D1, and smaller than the second diameter D2. This arrangement is conducive to realizing the movement limit of the valve stem 300 along the axial direction X and the formation of the first fluid path P1, which will be described in detail later.

[0073] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the valve stem 300 is an integrated valve stem with different stem diameters at different locations, so as to cooperate with different structures and realize different functions. For example, the valve stem 300 includes a first stem portion 303 and a second stem portion 304; the first stem portion 303 is at least partially located in the first accommodation space S1 formed by the first sub-shell 101, referring to Figure 6 The first rod portion 303 has a first rod diameter L1, for example, the first rod diameter L1 is slightly smaller than the first diameter D1, so that the first rod portion 303 is slidably disposed in the first accommodating space S1; the second rod portion 304 is at least partially located in the first accommodating space S1 formed by the second sub-shell 102, the second rod portion 304 has a main body portion 3041 and a narrowing portion 3042 located on a side of the main body portion 3041 away from the first rod portion 303, the main body portion 3041 has a second rod diameter L2, the narrowing portion 3042 has a third rod diameter L3, the second rod diameter L2 is larger than the third rod diameter L3, and the second rod diameter L2 is slightly smaller than the second diameter L2, so that the second rod portion 304 is slidably disposed in the first accommodating space S1; the second fluid channel T2 runs through the first rod portion 303 and the main body 3041 of the second rod portion 304, at this time, the channel length formed by the second fluid channel T2 is smaller than the channel length of the first fluid channel T1.

[0074] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the third fluid channel T3 is located at the first rod portion 303, and the first rod diameter L1 is greater than the second rod diameter L2 to form a first step limit portion A1 at the connection between the first rod portion 303 and the second rod portion 304. The first step limit portion A1 cooperates with the end of the first part 1021 of the second sub-shell 102 close to the first sub-shell 101 to limit the movement limit of the valve stem 300 in the direction of the main valve body 200.

[0075] For example, in Figure 1In the embodiment, when the first step limit portion A1 abuts against the end of the first part 1021 close to the first sub-shell 101, the valve stem 300 reaches the limit of movement in the direction of the main valve body 200 (downward in the figure). At this time, the facing area of ​​the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 is the largest, and the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 is the largest. When the valve stem 300 moves upward from this extreme position, the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 gradually decreases.

[0076] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the first rod end 301 is connected to the side of the narrowing portion 3042 away from the main body 3041, the first rod end 301 is at least partially located in the second accommodation space S2 formed by the second sub-housing 102, so as to be slidably connected to the connecting hole 201, and the first rod end 301 has a fourth rod diameter L4, and the third rod diameter L3 is greater than the fourth rod diameter L4. For example, in some embodiments, the third rod diameter L3 is greater than the fourth rod diameter L4 to form a second step limit portion A2 at the connection between the narrowing portion 3042 and the first rod end 301, and the second step limit portion A2 can limit the sliding limit of the first rod end 301 in the connecting hole 201.

[0077] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first surface (upper surface) 200A of the main valve body 200 close to the first accommodation space S1 is provided with a return spring 202, and the return spring 202 is limited by the second step limiter A2 between the first surface 200A and the narrowing portion 3042. For example, both ends of the return spring 202 are respectively configured to abut against the second step limiter A2 and the first surface 200A, so as to provide resistance when the second step limiter A2 abuts against the return spring 202 and the valve stem 300 has a downward movement tendency relative to the main valve body 200, so as to adjust the internal pressure of the solenoid valve.

[0078] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the narrowing portion 3042 and the side wall of the first portion 1021 of the second sub-housing 102 form a receiving chamber S0, and the second fluid channel T2 is connected to the second receiving space S2 through the receiving chamber S0. Thus, the fluid flowing downward from the second fluid channel T2 can be received in the receiving chamber S0 and the receiving space on the upper portion of the first surface 200A, so as to achieve pressure regulation. For example, the fluid in the receiving chamber S0 and the receiving space on the upper portion of the first surface 200A can apply pressure to the main body 3041 of the second rod portion 304 and the lower surface of the narrowing portion 3042.

[0079] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, the housing 100 further includes a third sub-housing 103, the third sub-housing 103 is spaced apart from the first sub-housing 101 along the axial direction X to expose the first valve port H1, and the third sub-housing 103 is adjacent to the second sub-housing 102 and has a gap therebetween to form a first fluid path P1 communicating with the first valve port H1 between the second sub-housing 102 and the third sub-housing 103. For example, in some embodiments, the third sub-housing 103 may be sleeved on the second sub-housing 102 to achieve assembly with the third sub-housing 103.

[0080] For example, Figure 8 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second sub-housing of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 9 is a top view of the second sub-shell, Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second subshell along line BB in FIG. Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second sub-shell along line CC; Fig.12 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the third sub-housing 103 and the second sub-housing 102 after being assembled, Fig.13 is an exploded view after the third sub-housing 103 and the second sub-housing 102 are assembled, Fig.14 for Fig.12 A top view of the third sub-housing 103 and the second sub-housing 102, Fig.15 for Fig.14 A schematic cross-sectional view of the third sub-housing 103 and the second sub-housing 102 along line DD, Fig.16 for Fig.15 The third sub-housing 103 and the second sub-housing 102 are enlarged schematically shown in circle E, Fig.17 A schematic plan view of a safety gasket of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 12-Figure 16 As shown, the third sub-housing 103 includes a first extension portion 1031 and a second extension portion 1032, and the first fluid path P1 includes a first sub-path P11 and a second sub-path P12; the first extension portion 1031 extends along the axial direction X, and forms a first sub-path P11 of the first fluid path P1 with the second sub-housing 102; the second extension portion 1032 extends perpendicular to the axial direction X, and forms a second sub-path P12 of the first fluid path P1 with the second sub-housing 102, and the second sub-housing 102 includes a second fluid path P2, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the second fluid path P2 has a first fluid inlet P21 and a second fluid outlet P22. The first fluid inlet P21 is connected to the second sub-path P12, so that the fluid in the second sub-path P12 can enter the second fluid path P2 through the first fluid inlet P21 and flow out of the solenoid valve from the second fluid outlet P22 to achieve oil return.

[0082] Therefore, when the solenoid valve realizes pressure balance and flow adjustment in the internal cavity of the pilot valve under different working currents, the steady-state and dynamic adjustment of the pilot valve is faster due to the setting of the first fluid path P1 and the second fluid path P2 and the shorter paths.

[0083] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 10-11 As shown, a groove 102A with an L-shaped cross section is formed in the second sub-shell 102, so that after the second sub-shell 102 and the third sub-shell 103 are assembled, there is a gap between the second sub-shell 102 and the third sub-shell 103 at the groove 102A to form a first sub-path P11 and a second sub-path P12. Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, the second sub-shell 102 also has a third fluid path P3 that communicates with the second fluid outlet P22. For example, the third fluid path P3 can be a groove opened on the outer surface of the second sub-shell 102 and extending along the axial direction X, so that the fluid flowing out of the second fluid outlet P22 can flow out of the solenoid valve along the third fluid path P3.

[0084] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first extension part 1031 and the second extension part 1032 of the third sub-shell 103 form a side wall with an L-shaped cross-section, which forms a accommodating space for the electromagnet 400. Thus, the electromagnet 400 can be arranged in the accommodating space formed by the first extension part 1031 and the second extension part 1032, and the solenoid valve as a whole is a regular columnar shape, such as a cylindrical shape.

[0085] For example, the electromagnet 400 includes a metal coil, such as a copper wire coil, and controls the valve stem 300 by magnetic force. For example, the electromagnet 400 is fixed in the accommodation space formed by the first extension part 1031 and the second extension part 1032 through the support frame 402, and the cross section of the support frame 402 is U-shaped. For example, the electromagnet 400 is electrically connected to the external circuit through the electrical socket 701, and the support frame 402 is positioned and fixed by the positioning column 702.

[0086] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first extension portion 1031 of the third sub-housing 103 is spaced apart from the first sub-housing 101 and forms a mounting portion, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown by the dotted circle in , the mounting portion is configured to mount the magnetic isolation ring 401, and in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction X, the positive projection of the first valve port H1 on the magnetic isolation ring 401 is located inside the magnetic isolation ring 401. For example, a groove is provided on the first extension portion 1031 and the first sub-shell 101 away from the valve stem 300, and the groove constitutes the mounting portion to accommodate and fix the magnetic isolation ring 401. As a result, the magnetic isolation ring 401 is spaced between the first extension portion 1031 of the third sub-shell 103 and the first sub-shell 101, and forms a side wall with the first extension portion 1031 and the first sub-shell 101, so that the fluid flowing out of the first valve port H1 is guided into the first fluid path P1.

[0087] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 100 may further include a fourth sub-housing 104, which covers and surrounds the electromagnet 400. The fourth sub-housing 104 is provided with matching holes at positions corresponding to the electrical socket 701 and the positioning column 702, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the electrical socket 701 and the positioning column 702.

[0088] For example, in some embodiments, Fig.13 and Figure 15-17 As shown, the solenoid valve also includes a failure protection structure, which includes a safety gasket 111 and a reset spring 112. The safety gasket 111 and the reset spring 112 are arranged at the first fluid inlet P21. The reset spring 112 is arranged between the electromagnet 400 and the safety gasket 111. The safety gasket 111 includes at least one opening V1. The safety gasket 111 is configured to control the flow rate of the first fluid inlet P21 under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 400 and the elastic force of the reset spring 112.

[0089] For example, when the current of the solenoid valve is less than the target current, the solenoid valve is in a failure mode (Fail-Safe Mode). At this time, the safety gasket 111 is pressed by the upper reset spring 112 to the matching plane (upper surface) of the second part 1022 of the second sub-shell 102. As a result, the safety gasket 111 completely covers the first fluid inlet P21, and the fluid can only flow out through the opening V1 of the safety gasket 111. The flow rate is very small, thereby generating a back pressure acting on the valve stem 300, so that the solenoid valve achieves a failure mode.

[0090] For example, different safety mode pressures can be achieved by adjusting the size and number of the openings V1. For example, when the solenoid valve is powered off, the pressure can be adjusted by the flow through the opening V1 of the safety gasket 111, but this flow is smaller than that in the normal working state, so as not to cause the solenoid valve to fail completely, thereby achieving power-off protection, and ensuring basic driving and operating safety when the solenoid valve is powered off or the driver fails.

[0091] For example, the size (aperture) of each opening V1 is not greater than about 0.2 mm, for example, 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. The size of each opening V1 is not limited, and those skilled in the art can design it according to different flow and pressure settings. For example, the opening V1 can be a round hole or a square hole to facilitate manufacturing and design calculations. Alternatively, the small holes can also be other regular shapes and irregular shapes, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the shape of the small holes. For example, the number of openings V1 can be one or more, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, etc. The number of openings V1 can be selected according to demand, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not specifically limit this.

[0092] For example, when the current of the solenoid valve is equal to or exceeds the target current, the solenoid valve is in a normal working mode, and the safety gasket 111 is subjected to the electromagnetic attraction to overcome the pressing force of the reset spring 7 and is tightly attached to the matching plane (lower surface) of the second extension part 1032 of the third sub-shell 103. At this time, the first fluid inlet P21 is opened by the safety gasket 111, or in other words, a sufficient gap is formed between the safety gasket 111 and the first fluid inlet P21, so that the fluid can flow freely, so that the solenoid valve enters the normal mode.

[0093] The above-mentioned failure protection structure provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has a simple structure, fewer parts, a simple adjustment process, higher reliability and lower cost.

[0094] For example, Fig.18 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a main valve body of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig.19 for Fig.18 Top view of the solenoid valve in Fig. 20 for Fig.19 A schematic cross-sectional view of the solenoid valve along line FF in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 18-Figure 20 As shown, the main valve body 200 includes a cavity T4 communicating with the first fluid passage T1. Figure 1 , Figure 10-11 and Fig.15 As shown, the second sub-housing 102 further includes a third accommodation space S3 which is communicated with the second accommodation space S2 and is located at a side of the second accommodation space S2 away from the first accommodation space S1. Figure 1 As shown, the solenoid valve further includes a passive valve body 500 , and the passive valve body 500 is disposed in the third accommodating space S3 .

[0095] For example, Figure 1As shown, the passive valve body 500 includes a second valve port H2, a third valve port H3 and a spacer 501; the second valve port H2 is located in the middle of the passive valve body 500, the third valve port H3 at least partially surrounds the second valve port H2, the spacer 501 is located between the second valve port H2 and the third valve port H3 to separate the second valve port H2 and the third valve port H3, and a controlled openable or closed overflow valve port H4 is formed between the spacer 501 and the main valve body 200, and the overflow valve port H4 is connected to the third valve port H3 and the cavity T4 when it is opened. As a result, the fluid in the cavity T4 can flow out of the cavity T4 through the overflow valve port H4, thereby stabilizing the pressure in the solenoid valve, for example, the fluid flowing out of the overflow valve port H4 can be discharged from the solenoid valve through the third valve port H3.

[0096] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 18-Figure 20 As shown, the main valve body 200 may further include a force-bearing portion 203 extending into the third accommodation space along a direction perpendicular to the axial line X, and the third valve port H3 exposes the force-bearing portion 203. Thus, the fluid entering from the third valve port H3 may exert pressure on the force-bearing portion 203, for example, generating an upward thrust on the force-bearing portion 203. When the thrust is large enough, for example, greater than the downward force of the main valve body 200, the main valve body 200 moves upward, the overflow valve port H4 is opened, and a fluid channel is formed. The fluid entering from the third valve port H3 may pass through the overflow valve port H4 and flow out from the second valve port H2, thereby realizing the function of a one-way valve.

[0097] Therefore, the main valve body 200 has the functions of a main valve and a one-way valve at the same time. When applied to a double-valve shock absorber, an additional one-way valve can be omitted, thereby saving costs.

[0098] For example, Fig.21 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another main valve body of a solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 22 for Fig.21 Top view of the solenoid valve in Fig.23 for Fig. 22 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the solenoid valve along the GG line in FIG. 1 , in other embodiments, as shown in FIG. Figure 21-23 As shown, the solenoid valve 200 may not include the force-bearing portion 203. In this case, the main valve body 200 does not function as a one-way valve.

[0099] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the solenoid valve may further include a pressure reducing valve 600 , which is continuously disposed in the cavity T4 and the second valve port H2 , and may adjust the flow rate of the fluid between the cavity T4 and the second valve port H2 .

[0100] For example, the pressure reducing valve 600 includes a rivet 601, an elastic member 602, a support plate 603, and at least one gasket 604. For example, the rivet 601 is continuously arranged in the cavity T4 and the second valve port H2, and the elastic member 602 is at least arranged in the cavity T4 and arranged at the end of the rivet 601 close to the valve stem 300. For example, the elastic member 602 can be fixed to the end of the rivet 601 close to the valve stem 300 by a pressing plate 605. For example, the elastic member 602 can be in the form of a wave spring sheet. Fig.24 The structure diagram of the wave spring provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Fig.25 Shows a side view of the wave shrapnel, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 24-25 The wave spring sheet can be compressed in the axial direction X to provide resistance through elasticity. For example, the stiffness of the wave spring sheet can be designed according to the requirements to provide corresponding elastic forces for different usage scenarios and achieve different decompression effects.

[0101] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the support plate 603 is arranged on the side of the elastic member 602 away from the valve stem 300 and is slidably connected to the rivet 601, and at least one gasket 604 is arranged on the side of the support plate 603 away from the valve stem 300 and is slidably connected to the rivet 601, and the gasket 604 covers the second valve port H2, for example, Fig.26 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gasket of a pressure reducing valve provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Fig.26 As shown, the gasket 604 includes at least one opening V2.

[0102] For example, the number of gaskets 604 can be multiple, such as 2-10, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or 10, etc. For example, each gasket 604 includes at least one opening V2, such as multiple openings V2, and the size and number of the openings V2 can be set according to requirements.

[0103] For example, when the pressure generated by the fluid flowing in from the second valve port H2 is small, the pressure is insufficient to move the gasket 604 upward. At this time, the fluid flowing in from the second valve port H2 can flow into the cavity T4 from the opening V2 in the gasket 604; when the pressure generated by the fluid flowing in from the second valve port H2 is large enough to move the gasket 604 upward, the gasket 604 opens the second valve port H2, and a gap is generated between the gasket 604 and the spacer 501, and the fluid can fully flow into the cavity T4 through the gap. At this time, the gasket 604 and the support plate 603 move upward and abut against the elastic member 602. The elastic force of the elastic member 602 limits the displacement of the gasket 604 to adjust the gap between the gasket 604 and the spacer 501, thereby achieving decompression.

[0104] For example, the threshold pressure required for the gasket 604 to move upward can be adjusted by adjusting the number of gaskets 604 and the size and number of openings V2, thereby achieving different decompression effects.

[0105] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first sub-housing 101 further includes a fourth accommodation space S4 which is communicated with the first accommodation space S1 and is located on a side of the first accommodation space S1 away from the second accommodation space S2. Figure 7 The fourth accommodation space S4 has a fourth diameter D4, the fourth diameter D4 is smaller than the first diameter D1, the second rod end 302 is connected to the side of the first rod portion 303 away from the second rod portion 304, the second rod end 302 is at least partially located in the fourth accommodation space S4, and the second rod end 302 has a fifth rod diameter L5, referring to Figure 6 The fifth rod diameter L5 is smaller than the first rod diameter L1, and the fifth rod diameter L5 is slightly smaller than the fourth diameter D4, so as to form a gap between the second rod end 302 and the side wall of the fourth accommodating space S4 for fluid flow.

[0106] Next, the working process of the solenoid valve is introduced in combination with the above-mentioned specific structure of the solenoid valve.

[0107] like Figure 1 As shown, the fluid can enter the solenoid valve through the second valve port H2. At this time, the fluid enters the cavity T4 through the second valve port H2, and then the fluid enters the first fluid channel T1 through the first rod end 301 of the valve stem 300, and flows upward along the first fluid channel T1 into the fourth accommodating space S4. There is a gap between the second rod end 302 of the valve stem 300 and the side wall of the fourth accommodating space S4, and the fluid flows to the second fluid channel T2 through this gap. After that, part of the fluid enters the first fluid path P1 from the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1 through the third fluid channel T3, and then enters the second fluid path P2 through the safety gasket 111, and flows out of the solenoid valve from the second fluid outlet P22; another part of the fluid in the second fluid channel T2 flows downward through the second fluid channel T2 to the accommodating cavity S0 and the space above the upper surface 202 of the main valve body 200.

[0108] For example, when the electromagnet 400 is applied with current, an upward electromagnetic force is generated on the valve stem 300, and the lower surface of the main body 3041 and the narrowed portion 3042 of the second rod portion 304 of the valve stem 300 and the lower surface of the first rod end 301 are subjected to upward pressure; the upper surface of the second rod end 302 and the first rod portion 301 of the valve stem 300 are subjected to downward pressure, and these pressures form a balance, thereby controlling the facing area of ​​the first fluid outlet 300A of the valve stem 300 and the first valve port H1, and then controlling the fluid flow between the first fluid outlet 300A and the first valve port H1, thereby further controlling the opening size of the overflow valve port H4, and then adjusting the flow of the overflow valve port H4 to achieve pressure control. At this time, the combined force on multiple surfaces of the valve stem 300 and the electromagnetic force together control the pilot valve.

[0109] That is, the solenoid valve can achieve pressure balance and flow adjustment in the internal cavity of the pilot valve under different working currents. Due to the setting of the first fluid path P1 and the second fluid path P2, the steady-state and dynamic adjustments of the pilot valve are faster; in addition, the above-mentioned overflow valve port H4 can be generated under pressure balance to generate overflow and adjust the pressure inside the solenoid valve.

[0110] It should be noted that the fluid in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be oil. Of course, the fluid is not limited to oil, but may be any liquid, or may be gas.

[0111] In summary, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the solenoid valve realizes the pressure and flow adjustment capability under different currents through the pilot valve; by introducing the fluid channel formed by the first fluid path P1 and the second fluid path P2, the steady-state and dynamic adjustment of the valve is faster; the failure protection structure of the solenoid valve is simpler, and the protection function can be realized more efficiently, reducing costs and improving reliability. In some embodiments, the main valve body can also realize the reverse one-way valve function through the design of the force-bearing part, so as to realize multi-functional integration through a small volume, and when applied to a double-valve shock absorber, the use of one one-way valve can be reduced to reduce costs.

[0112] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a shock absorber, which includes the solenoid valve provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the shock absorber can effectively adjust the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve during operation. For example, the shock absorber can be a shock absorber of a mechanical device, such as a shock absorber of a vehicle. The shock absorber can achieve continuous adjustable damping under the drive of the working current, and can also maintain safety in the event of power failure or driver failure, thereby ensuring basic driving and handling safety.

[0113] There are a few points to note:

[0114] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other structures may refer to the general design.

[0115] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale.

[0116] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0117] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solenoid valve, comprising: The housing comprises a first accommodation space and a second accommodation space arranged along an axial direction, wherein the first accommodation space comprises a first valve port arranged along a circumferential direction, The main valve body is at least arranged in the second accommodation space and includes a connecting hole. a valve stem, at least disposed in the first accommodation space, comprising a first stem end and a second stem end opposite to each other in the axial direction, the first stem end extending into the second accommodation space and slidably connected to the connecting hole, and The electromagnet is arranged outside the first accommodating space and at least partially surrounds the first valve port.

2. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, wherein: The housing comprises a first sub-housing and a second sub-housing arranged along the axis direction, the first sub-housing and the second sub-housing are spaced apart to form the first valve port, The valve stem comprises a first fluid outlet, the first fluid outlet is opposite to the first valve port, The valve stem is configured to be controlled to move along the axial direction to adjust an opposing area between the first fluid outlet and the first valve port.

3. The solenoid valve according to claim 2, wherein: The valve stem comprises: A first fluid channel extends along the axial direction and passes through the first rod end and the second rod end. a second fluid channel extending along the axis direction and located on one side of the first fluid channel, and The third fluid channel is connected to the second fluid channel, extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and includes the first fluid outlet.

4. The solenoid valve according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The second sub-housing comprises: a first portion configured to form the first accommodation space together with the first sub-housing, wherein the first accommodation space has a first diameter at the first portion, and a second portion configured to form the second accommodation space, the second accommodation space having a second diameter, The second diameter is greater than the first diameter.

5. The solenoid valve according to claim 4, wherein: The first accommodating space has a third diameter at the first sub-housing, and the third diameter is larger than the first diameter and smaller than the second diameter.

6. The solenoid valve according to claim 4, wherein: The valve stem comprises: The first rod portion is at least partially located in the first accommodation space formed by the first sub-shell and has a first rod diameter. The second rod portion is at least partially located in the first accommodation space formed by the second sub-housing, wherein the second rod portion has a main body portion and a narrowing portion located on a side of the main body portion away from the first rod portion, the main body portion has a second rod diameter, the narrowing portion has a third rod diameter, and the second rod diameter is greater than the third rod diameter. The second fluid channel passes through the main bodies of the first rod portion and the second rod portion.

7. The solenoid valve according to claim 6, wherein: The third fluid channel is located in the first rod portion, The first rod diameter is larger than the second rod diameter to form a first step limit portion at the connection between the first rod portion and the second rod portion, and the first step limit portion cooperates with the end of the first part of the second sub-shell body close to the first sub-shell body to limit the movement limit of the valve stem toward the main valve body.

8. The solenoid valve according to claim 6, wherein: The first rod end is connected to a side of the narrowing portion away from the main body portion, The first rod end is at least partially located in the second accommodating space formed by the second sub-housing, and has a fourth rod diameter, wherein the third rod diameter is greater than the fourth rod diameter.

9. The solenoid valve according to claim 6, wherein: The narrowed portion and the side wall of the first portion of the second sub-housing form an accommodating cavity, and the second fluid channel is communicated with the second accommodating space through the accommodating cavity.

10. The solenoid valve according to claim 8, wherein: The third rod diameter is larger than the fourth rod diameter to form a second step stop at the connection between the narrowing portion and the first rod end. A return spring is disposed on a first surface of the main valve body close to the first accommodating space, and the return spring is limited between the first surface and the narrowing portion by the second step limiting portion.

11. The solenoid valve according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein: The housing further comprises a third sub-housing, wherein the third sub-housing is spaced apart from the first sub-housing along the axis direction to expose the first valve port. The third sub-housing is adjacent to the second sub-housing and has a gap therebetween, so as to form a first fluid path communicating with the first valve port between the second sub-housing and the third sub-housing.

12. The solenoid valve according to claim 11, wherein: The third sub-housing comprises: a first extending portion extending along the axial direction and forming a first sub-path of a first fluid path with the second sub-housing, and The second extension portion extends perpendicularly to the axial direction and forms a second sub-path of the first fluid path with the second sub-shell. The second sub-housing includes a second fluid path, the second fluid path has a first fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet, and the first fluid inlet is in communication with the second sub-path.

13. The solenoid valve according to claim 12, wherein: The electromagnet is disposed in a groove formed by the first extending portion and the second extending portion.

14. The solenoid valve according to claim 12, further comprising: The safety gasket and the reset spring are arranged at the first fluid inlet. Wherein, the reset spring is arranged between the electromagnet and the safety gasket, and the safety gasket includes at least one opening. The safety gasket is configured to control the flow rate of the first fluid inlet under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet and the elastic force of the reset spring.

15. The solenoid valve according to claim 12, wherein: The first extension portion of the third sub-shell is spaced apart from the first sub-shell and forms a mounting portion, wherein the mounting portion is configured to mount a magnetic isolation ring. Wherein, the orthographic projection of the first valve port on the magnetic isolation ring is located inside the magnetic isolation ring.

16. The solenoid valve according to claim 3, wherein: The main valve body includes a cavity communicating with the first fluid passage, The second sub-shell further includes a third accommodating space which is in communication with the second accommodating space and is located on a side of the second accommodating space away from the first accommodating space. The solenoid valve further comprises: The passive valve body is arranged in the third accommodation space and includes: The second valve port, a third valve port at least partially surrounding the second valve port, and a spacer, located between the second valve port and the third valve port, Wherein, a controllably openable or closable overflow valve port is formed between the spacer and the main valve body, and the overflow valve port is connected to the third valve port and the cavity when the overflow valve port is opened.

17. The solenoid valve according to claim 16, wherein: The main valve body further includes a force-bearing portion extending into the third accommodating space in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and the third valve port exposes the force-bearing portion.

18. The solenoid valve according to claim 16, further comprising: a pressure reducing valve, continuously disposed in the cavity and the second valve port; Wherein, the pressure reducing valve comprises: Rivets are continuously arranged in the cavity and the second valve port, an elastic member, at least arranged in the cavity and arranged at the end of the rivet close to the valve stem, a support plate, which is arranged on a side of the elastic member away from the valve stem and is slidably connected to the rivet, and At least one gasket is disposed on a side of the support plate away from the valve stem and is slidably connected to the rivet to cover the second valve port, wherein each of the at least one gasket includes at least one opening.

19. The solenoid valve according to claim 6, wherein: The first sub-shell further includes a fourth accommodating space that is in communication with the first accommodating space and is located on a side of the first accommodating space away from the second accommodating space, the fourth accommodating space having a fourth diameter that is smaller than the first diameter. The second rod end is connected to a side of the first rod portion away from the second rod portion, is at least partially located in the fourth accommodating space, and has a fifth rod diameter that is smaller than the first rod diameter.

20. A shock absorber comprising the solenoid valve according to any one of claims 1-20.

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