Pre-distributor for air intake of cold storage tank, cold storage tank and air intake method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cold storage, in particular to a pre-distributor for air inlet of a cold storage tank and the cold storage tank. Comprising a main air channel, an air collecting disc and a flow dividing assembly, and an outer shell attached to a cold storage tank body is arranged at the front end of the main air channel; the lower end of the gas collecting disc is communicated with the main gas channel, and the upper end of the gas collecting disc is provided with a vent hole; the flow dividing assembly is arranged on the side face of the gas collecting disc, the gas collecting disc is communicated with the flow dividing assembly, and the exhaust end of the flow dividing assembly extends upwards and is higher than the position of an exhaust hole in the upper end of the gas collecting disc. The flow dividing assemblies are uniformly dispersed outwards from the center of the outer shell and extend, so that air flow in the air collecting disc is uniformly dispersed, and air flow at an outlet of the air collecting disc is disturbed; therefore, the uniformity of airflow distribution in the cold storage tank and the cold energy storage efficiency are remarkably improved, and the problem that in the prior art, initial airflow entering the cold storage tank is distributed unevenly is solved. The invention further discloses the cold storage tank and an air inlet method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cold storage, and in particular to a pre-distributor for air intake of a cold storage tank, a cold storage tank and an air intake method. Background Art

[0002] Liquid air energy storage (LAES) technology has attracted widespread attention and been applied in the field of renewable energy storage in recent years. The principle is to liquefy and store air at low temperatures, and then vaporize it to release cold energy for power generation when needed. Since liquid air energy storage technology has high energy density and long energy storage cycle, it has significant advantages in coping with power peak regulation and alleviating the volatility of renewable energy. As one of the core components in the liquid air energy storage system, the design of the cold storage tank directly determines the cold storage efficiency and the stability of the system operation. The main function of the cold storage tank is to absorb the cold energy of the cold air flow through the packed bed medium to achieve energy storage and release.

[0003] However, there are still several significant problems with the current airflow distribution technology of the cold storage tank in the liquid air energy storage system. Traditional airflow distribution devices usually use simple structures such as flat distributors and conical distributors. These devices are prone to problems such as uneven airflow distribution and drastic changes in flow rate in actual applications, resulting in uneven distribution of airflow in the packed bed, thereby affecting the storage efficiency of cold energy. Uneven airflow not only increases energy loss, but may also cause mechanical failure of the equipment, seriously affecting the overall performance and economy of the system.

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a pre-distributor for air intake of a cold storage tank, a cold storage tank and an air intake method, which solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical objective to be achieved by the present invention is: through the multi-outlet design of the flow equalizing channel, the airflow path is optimized and the lateral turbulence effect of the flow channel is increased, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of the airflow distribution inside the cold storage tank and the cold energy storage efficiency, and solving the problem of uneven initial airflow distribution entering the cold storage tank in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a pre-distributor for air intake of a cold storage tank, specifically, an outer shell is provided at the front end of the main air passage, which fits the tank body of the cold storage tank; the outer shell is installed at the air inlet of the cold storage tank and fits the inner wall of the cold storage tank, thereby forming a pre-treatment cavity for the air intake part of the cold storage tank.

[0007] The lower end of the gas collecting plate is connected to the main air channel, and an exhaust hole is opened at the upper end; the exhaust hole has a small aperture and is used to slowly inject airflow into the cold storage tank, so that the airflow accumulated in the gas collecting plate will be diverted to the diversion component.

[0008] The diverter assembly is arranged on the side of the air collecting plate, and the diverter assembly as a whole is distributed in a circular array on the side of the air collecting plate, thereby ensuring that the airflow accumulated inside the air collecting plate will flow evenly into the diverter assembly. Since the air collecting plate is connected to the diverter assembly, the exhaust end of the diverter assembly extends upward and is higher than the position of the exhaust hole at the upper end of the air collecting plate. After the diverter assembly diverts the airflow inside the air collecting plate, it also performs lateral turbulence on the airflow flowing out of the air collecting plate, thereby further improving the uniform distribution effect of the injected airflow.

[0009] Further, the flow splitter assembly includes a plurality of connection bases and a plurality of flow splitters distributed in a circular array on the side of the gas collecting disk. The connection bases and flow splitters are arranged in groups of two, and usually 3 to 9 groups are arranged respectively. At the same time, holes are opened on the side of the connection bases to flexibly adjust according to flow requirements. The lower end of the connection base is connected to the gas collecting disk, and the upper end of the connection base is connected to the flow splitter, and the flow splitter is connected to the gas collecting disk through the connection base.

[0010] It is worth noting that the installation position of the diverter head is higher than the upper end plane of the air collecting plate. The multiple diverter heads are used to evenly divide the airflow in the air collecting plate. The height difference between the diverter head and the air collecting plate is to enable the diverter head to use the exhaust airflow on its side to disturb the exhaust airflow of the air collecting plate on the main road.

[0011] The diverter head is a trumpet-shaped opening, which ensures that the diverter head can reduce the airflow pressure when releasing the distributed airflow, while expanding the injection area of ​​the exhausted airflow, thereby preventing the high-pressure airflow from rushing into the cold storage tank and causing internal airflow and energy disturbances.

[0012] Furthermore, a spoiler plate is connected to the diverter head, and the spoiler plate structurally extends the length of the opening channel of the trumpet-shaped diverter head, so that the airflow after the pressure reduction and expansion of the diverter head can maintain a steady state for a certain period of time, thereby improving the stability of airflow injection; at the same time, the steady-state airflow passes through the spoiler holes opened on the side of the spoiler plate, and then provides lateral spoiler for the air collecting plate on the main road to discharge the airflow, thereby more effectively and evenly buffering the airflow pressure drop at the inlet of the cold storage tank.

[0013] Due to the gaps between the multiple connecting bases, even if the diverter head on the top of the connecting base diverts the airflow evenly in a circular pattern, there are still some areas inside the outer shell where the airflow cannot be evenly distributed. This is mainly due to the gaps between the components and the depth of the outer shell itself. The forward extension of the diverter component will inevitably lead to space at the rear end where the airflow cannot be evenly distributed. Furthermore, a flow balancing hole is provided on the side of the connecting base, and the flow balancing hole is used to transport airflow to fill the space between the multiple connecting bases, thereby further improving the airflow distribution effect inside the outer shell and improving the uniformity of the injected airflow.

[0014] It should be noted that the present invention is applicable to a pressure environment of 0-12MPa, and the proportion of the pre-distributor can be adjusted according to the volume and head specifications of different cold storage tanks, so that it can achieve optimal performance in cold storage systems of various sizes. The pre-distributor can be customized according to the actual operation requirements of the cold storage tank, including adjusting the angle and aperture distribution of the diversion module to adapt to the process requirements in different scenarios.

[0015] The present invention also provides a cold storage tank using the above-mentioned pre-distributor. Specifically, a control system for detecting internal air pressure is installed inside the tank body of the cold storage tank. The control system can adopt a control scheme that can be foreseen by technical personnel in this field, and is required to be able to handle common gas index parameters such as pressure and temperature; the positive air vent and the reverse air vent at both ends of the tank body are provided with the pre-distributor; when the cold storage tank is reversely charged with cold, the reverse air vent is used to introduce a low-temperature airflow; the positive air vent of the tank body is installed with a constant pressure regulating valve for adjusting the inlet flow; the tank body is also filled with a porous medium layer.

[0016] According to the above, the present invention provides an air intake method for a cold storage tank, comprising the following steps: S1: Introduce low-temperature airflow to the positive vent of the cold storage tank through the main air duct, and use a pressure regulating valve to control the pressure of the gas entering the cold storage tank. The low-temperature airflow enters the tank body through the exhaust holes on the gas collecting plate to form a dominant airflow. The air pressure of the dominant airflow does not exceed the pressure set by the control system in the tank body; use a built-in flow meter to monitor the gas flow, and use an automatic adjustment system to adjust the air intake according to temperature and flow rate requirements.

[0017] S2: The low-temperature airflow entering the air collecting plate is accumulated and diverted through a multi-branch diversion component to form multiple branch airflows. Each branch airflow passes through a gradually expanding channel inside the diversion component, thereby reducing local pressure loss and avoiding sudden changes in flow rate. By optimizing the airflow path, the airflow is gradually guided and evenly distributed, thereby improving the uniformity of the airflow and the efficiency of cold energy storage.

[0018] The present invention realizes precise pressure control by combining a pressure sensor with an automatic control system. Whenever the gas pressure exceeds or falls below a set value, the regulating valve will automatically open or close to ensure the stability of the gas flow. In different operating stages, by adjusting the gas intake or flow control device, the system can maintain a stable operating state under high pressure and low temperature conditions.

[0019] S3: Multiple branch airflows and the main airflow form a uniformly distributed uniform airflow in the inner cavity of the outer shell, and the uniformly distributed airflow is injected into the porous medium layer inside the tank body, and then uniformly and stably stored in the tank body again.

[0020] It is worth noting that the porous medium layer is segmented with multiple temperature sensors. The uniformly distributed airflow in S3 enters different segments of the porous medium layer to detect and collect multiple sets of temperature data. The interior of the cold storage tank is divided into multiple temperature control sections, each section is equipped with an independent temperature control system, and the flow or pressure is adjusted according to the temperature requirements of different areas. Through zoned temperature control and real-time adjustment, the temperature stability of the entire cold storage process is ensured, the energy loss caused by temperature difference is reduced, and the cold storage efficiency is improved.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention arranges a plurality of diverter heads on the air collecting plate and utilizes the trumpet-shaped deformation design of the diverter head to expand the airflow transition area, reduce the rapid change of flow velocity, and optimize the distribution of the diverter airway, so that the initial airflow entering the cold storage tank is evenly distributed inside the outer shell, providing the cold storage tank with an injection airflow with relatively uniform air pressure and density, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of airflow distribution inside the cold storage tank and the cold energy storage efficiency.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a spoiler plate on the diverter head, which further extends the opening structure of the trumpet-shaped diverter head. At the same time, the spoiler holes on the side of the spoiler plate are used to laterally disturb the airflow flowing on the air collecting plate, thereby making the airflow entering the cold storage tank more evenly dispersed in the outer shell, and avoiding the local high pressure of the distributed airflow directly acting on the cold storage tank, thereby optimizing the airflow path and reducing the pressure drop, reducing the system operation energy consumption, and extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] The above and other aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pre-distributor of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front schematic diagram of the pre-distributor of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A cross-sectional view at AA; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spoiler of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the linking group of the present invention; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the cold storage tank of the present invention; Figure 7 Flow chart of the air intake method of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1, main air duct; 11, outer shell; 2, air collecting plate; 21, exhaust hole; 3, diversion component; 4, connecting base; 41, flow equalizing hole; 5, diversion head; 6, spoiler plate; 61, spoiler hole; 7, tank body; 71, positive vent; 72, reverse vent; 73, porous medium layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] In this embodiment, the common diameter of the inlet pipe of the cold storage tank is 100mm, which needs to be matched with the pre-distributor interface. A pre-distributor for the air intake of a cold storage tank includes a main air duct 1, an air collecting plate 2 and a diversion assembly 3. The air intake flow rate is usually set to 10-500kg / s to ensure that an appropriate amount of air enters the system. The outer diameter of the main air duct 1 is 306mm, and its front end is provided with an outer shell 11 that fits the body of the cold storage tank. The connection length between the outer shell 11 and the main air duct 1 is 1500mm, the outer diameter of the outer shell 11 is 3456mm, and the wall thickness of the main air duct 1 and the outer shell 11 are both 28mm.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the gas collecting plate 2 is disc-shaped as a whole, and its diameter is 800mm, the height is 210mm, the wall thickness is 4mm, the lower end of the gas collecting plate 2 is connected to the main air duct 1, and the upper end is provided with an exhaust hole 21; the diverter assembly 3 is arranged on the side of the gas collecting plate 2, and the diverter assembly 3 includes a plurality of connecting bases 4 and a plurality of diverter heads 5 distributed in a circular array on the side of the gas collecting plate 2, and the center of the gas outlet of the diverter head 5 is 900mm away from the center of the gas collecting plate 2, and the lower end of the connecting base 4 is connected to the gas collecting plate 2, and the connecting base 4 and the outer shell 11 and the side of the gas collecting plate 2 are connected as a whole by sheet metal welding.

[0035] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper end of the connection base 4 is welded with a trumpet-shaped diverter 5 by sheet metal. The diameter of the trumpet-shaped opening is usually 0.12 times the diameter of the head, and the side inclination angle is usually set to 25° to ensure smooth transition of the airflow; it is specifically adjusted according to the interface size of the pre-distributor and the cold storage tank. The trumpet-shaped diverter 5 is connected to the multi-layer conical table-shaped connection base 4 to ensure that the airflow gradually expands and evenly enters the downstream cold storage tank. The installation position of the diverter 5 is higher than the upper end plane of the gas collecting plate 2, and multiple diverters 5 are used to evenly distribute the airflow in the gas collecting plate 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the working efficiency of the cold storage tank, the packed bed area set inside it is the existing technology, and the packed bed area is responsible for heat exchange with the gas to achieve efficient storage of cold energy. High thermal conductivity materials (such as quartz sand or ceramic particles) are used in the packed bed, and their performance can directly affect the cold storage efficiency. At the same time, the cold storage capacity of a single cold storage medium storage tank is 30MWh, and multiple cold storage medium storage tanks work together to complete the energy storage and energy release tasks, which together form the packed bed module inside the cold storage tank of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a spoiler plate 6 with a height of 150 mm is connected to the splitter head 5, and the diameter of the spoiler plate 6 is consistent with the diameter of the top opening of the splitter head 5; a plurality of spoiler holes 61 with a diameter of 10 mm are opened on the side of the spoiler plate 6, and the spoiler plate 6 is used to provide lateral spoiler.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in the present embodiment, the overall wall thickness of the connecting base 4 is 4 mm, and a plurality of flow balancing holes 41 with a diameter of 8 mm are opened on the side of the connecting base 4. The flow balancing holes 41 are used to transport airflow to fill the space between the multiple connecting bases 4. Specifically, the length of the installation plane of the connecting base 4 for installing the diverter 5 is 474 mm, and the lower end of the connecting base 4 is also provided with a connecting plane perpendicular to the installation plane. The length of the connecting plane is 100 mm and is connected to the side of the air collecting plate 2. Two arc surfaces with a radius of 500 mm are provided between the installation plane and the connecting plane to optimize the airway inside the connecting base 4; the installation plane of the connecting base 4 is a 30-degree fan-shaped as a whole, and an opening with a diameter of 400 mm is provided on it for connecting the diverter 5.

[0039] The gas enters the air collecting plate 2 inside the outer shell 11 from the main air duct 1, and then the direction and flow rate of the airflow are preliminarily adjusted. A small part of the airflow flows into the cold storage tank through the exhaust hole 21 on the air collecting plate 2, while most of the airflow flows into the diversion component 3 through the connecting base 4, ensuring that the airflow is evenly distributed to each branch of the diversion head 5. Here, the airflow passes through the spoiler hole 61 on the side of the diversion head 5 to further buffer and turbulent the airflow discharged from the exhaust hole 21.

[0040] At the same time, the flow-equalizing holes 41 on the side of the connecting base 4 will discharge a small part of the airflow to supplement the interval of the outer shell 11. After multi-directional uniform distribution and lateral turbulence, the injected airflow evenly enters the packed bed module in the cold storage tank to complete the efficient storage of cold energy. In the whole process, the flow of flow division, flow equalization and flow turbulence ensures the uniformity of the airflow and the optimization of temperature distribution, thereby improving the cold storage efficiency of the cold storage tank.

[0041] like Figure 6As shown, the present invention also provides a cold storage tank using the above-mentioned pre-distributor. Specifically, a control system for detecting the internal air pressure is installed inside the tank body 7 of the cold storage tank. The control system can adopt a control scheme that can be foreseen by technical personnel in this field, and is required to be able to handle common gas index parameters such as pressure and temperature.

[0042] In this embodiment, the control system of the present invention is mainly controlled by a central control unit (CCU); components such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow meters, regulating valves, electric actuators and transmission devices constitute a system for signal acquisition and action execution. The control system automatically adjusts the airflow, pressure and temperature by real-time monitoring of key parameters such as gas pressure, temperature and flow to ensure that the entire liquid air energy storage system (especially the cold storage medium tank) operates under optimal conditions.

[0043] The central control unit (CCU) is the core of the control system. The CCU adjusts the working status of each component of the system in real time through data acquisition and processing. The CCU receives signals from various sensors (pressure, temperature, flow), and sends instructions to control valves, actuators and other execution components based on the preset control algorithm.

[0044] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a multi-parameter adjustment method: (1) Based on the pressure, temperature and flow data, the central control unit uses the PID control algorithm (proportional-integral-differential control algorithm) to adjust the opening of the control valve in real time, thereby adjusting the air flow and ensuring uniform distribution of flow rate and temperature. Under high pressure and high flow rate conditions, the algorithm can automatically adjust the air flow path to maintain a stable air flow distribution and low temperature gradient.

[0045] (2) Based on the data from the temperature sensor, the CCU automatically adjusts the air flow and pressure to ensure that the temperature in each area of ​​the system remains uniform. The system can adjust the temperature control valves in different areas according to demand and adjust the flow to maintain the required temperature.

[0046] (3) When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure exceeds or falls below the set value, the CCU restores the stable working pressure in the system by adjusting the regulating valve or controlling the booster device. The system's intelligent feedback mechanism can monitor and respond to pressure fluctuations in real time to ensure stable operation of the system.

[0047] In this embodiment, the positive air vent 71 and the reverse air vent 72 at both ends of the tank body 7 are provided with pre-distributors; the positive air vent 71 of the tank body 7 is installed with a constant pressure regulating valve for adjusting the inlet flow; and the interior of the tank body 7 is also filled with a porous medium layer 73.

[0048] According to the above, this embodiment provides an air intake method for a cold storage tank, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: Introduce low-temperature airflow to the positive vent 71 of the cold storage tank through the main air channel 1, and use a pressure regulating valve to control the pressure of the gas entering the cold storage tank. The low-temperature airflow enters the tank body 7 through the exhaust hole 21 on the gas collecting plate 2 to form a dominant airflow. The air pressure of the dominant airflow does not exceed the pressure set by the control system in the tank body 7; use the built-in flow meter to monitor the gas flow, ensure that the gas flow is within a reasonable range, and feed back to the central control unit for data processing and adjustment. The data of the flow meter is combined with the pressure and temperature data to accurately adjust the gas flow rate and ensure uniform distribution of the airflow.

[0049] S2: The low-temperature airflow entering the air collecting plate 2 is accumulated and diverted through the multi-branch diversion component 3, thereby forming multiple branch airflows. Each branch airflow passes through the gradually expanding channel inside the diversion component 3, thereby reducing local pressure loss and avoiding sudden changes in flow rate; by optimizing the airflow path, it is ensured that the airflow is gradually guided and evenly distributed, thereby improving the uniformity of the airflow and the efficiency of cold energy storage.

[0050] S3: Multiple branch airflows and the main airflow form a uniformly distributed uniform airflow in the inner cavity of the outer shell 11 , and the uniformly distributed airflow is injected into the porous medium layer 73 inside the tank body 7 , and then is evenly and stably stored in the tank body 7 .

[0051] In this embodiment, the porous medium layer 73 is segmented with multiple temperature sensors, and the uniform airflow in S3 enters different segments of the porous medium layer 73 to detect and collect multiple sets of temperature data. The interior of the cold storage tank is divided into multiple temperature control sections, each section is equipped with an independent temperature control system, and the temperature sensors therein are used to monitor temperature changes in real time and feed the data back to the CCU to ensure that the heat exchange between the cold airflow and the packed bed remains in the best state.

[0052] Under high-pressure conditions, the control system in the embodiment is used to regulate the cold storage tank. When the pressure sensor detects that the gas pressure entering the cold storage medium tank is lower than 1.88 MPa, the control system automatically adjusts the compressor pressure or the regulating valve flow to supplement the gas pressure to ensure that the gas flow is not affected. When the temperature sensor in the system detects that the temperature of the cold air flow exceeds the set temperature, the CCU automatically increases the gas flow, or adjusts the heat exchange effect of the packed bed to ensure that the temperature is stable and evenly distributed.

[0053] The above-disclosed technical features are not limited to the disclosed combinations with other features, and those skilled in the art may also make other combinations between the technical features according to the disclosed purpose, so as to achieve the purpose of the present disclosure. The description herein is provided to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0054] The above is only the disclosure that these modifications may be made to the invention in light of the above detailed description. The terms used in the appended claims should not be interpreted as limiting the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification. Instead, the scope of the invention will be determined entirely by the appended claims, which will be interpreted in accordance with established principles of claim interpretation.

Claims

1. A pre-distributor for air intake of a cold storage tank, characterized in that: include A main air duct (1), wherein the front end of the main air duct (1) is provided with an outer shell (11) that fits the cold storage tank; An air collecting plate (2), the air collecting plate (2) being in communication with the main air passage (1), and an exhaust hole (21) being provided on the air collecting plate (2); A flow diverter assembly (3), the flow diverter assembly (3) being arranged on a side of the gas collecting plate (2), the gas collecting plate (2) being connected to the flow diverter assembly (3), and the exhaust port of the flow diverter assembly (3) extending upwards and being higher than the exhaust hole (21) on the gas collecting plate (2); The flow distribution component (3) evenly disperses and extends outward from the center of the outer shell (11), thereby evenly dispersing the airflow in the air collecting plate (2) and disturbing the outlet airflow of the air collecting plate (2).

2. The pre-distributor for air intake of a cold storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow splitter assembly (3) comprises a plurality of connection bases (4) and a plurality of flow splitter heads (5) distributed in a circular array on the side of the gas collecting plate (2); the lower end of the connection base (4) is connected to the gas collecting plate (2); the upper end of the connection base (4) is connected to the flow splitter head (5); the flow splitter head (5) is connected to the gas collecting plate (2) via the connection base (4); and the flow splitter head (5) is used to evenly split the airflow in the gas collecting plate (2).

3. The pre-distributor for air intake of the cold storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diverter head (5) is a trumpet-shaped opening.

4. The pre-distributor for air intake of cold storage tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow splitter (5) is connected to a spoiler disk (6), a spoiler hole (61) is provided on a side of the spoiler disk (6), and the spoiler disk (6) is used to provide lateral spoiler flow.

5. The pre-distributor for air intake of a cold storage tank according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: A flow balancing hole (41) is provided on the side of the connecting base (4), and the flow balancing hole (41) is used to convey airflow to fill the space between the plurality of connecting bases (4).

6. A cold storage tank, characterized in that: The invention comprises the pre-distributor according to claim 1, and also comprises a tank body, wherein a control system for detecting internal air pressure is installed inside the tank body; the positive air vent (71) and the negative air vent (72) at both ends of the tank body are provided with the pre-distributor; the positive air vent (71) of the tank body is provided with a constant pressure regulating valve for adjusting the inlet flow; The porous medium layer (73) is used to fill the interior of the tank.

7. A method for inletting air into a cold storage tank, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: A low-temperature airflow is introduced into the positive vent (71) of the cold storage tank through the main air passage (1), and a pressure regulating valve is used to control the pressure of the gas entering the cold storage tank. The low-temperature airflow enters the tank body (7) through the exhaust hole (21) on the gas collecting plate (2) to form a dominant airflow. The air pressure of the dominant airflow does not exceed the pressure set by the control system in the tank body (7); S2: The low-temperature airflow entering the air collecting plate (2) is accumulated and split through the multi-branch flow splitting component (3) to form a plurality of branch airflows, each branch airflow passing through a gradually expanding channel inside the flow splitting component (3); S3: The plurality of branch airflows and the main airflow are mixed in the outer shell (11) to form a uniform airflow, and the uniform airflow is injected into the porous medium layer (73) inside the tank body (7) for secondary uniform distribution before being stored in the tank body (7).

8. The air intake method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The porous medium layer (73) is provided with a plurality of sections, and each section is provided with a temperature sensor.

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