Underwater production manifold leakage positioning system and method based on pressure wave generator

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering technology, and in particular, relates to a system and method for locating underwater production manifold leakage based on a pressure wave generator. The leakage locating system generates transient excitation by injecting high-pressure fluid with pressure waves of specific frequency and width into the underwater production manifold, thereby enhancing the leakage signal; the leakage locating method identifies and decomposes the non-leakage noise frequency in the pipeline by establishing a denoising model based on spectrum analysis, and specifically removes the non-leakage pressure disturbance in the sensor group signal, thereby solving the problem of weak feature recognition under strong noise; and realizes the matching of upstream and downstream pressure sensors based on the gradient difference algorithm and the location of the leakage point based on the quadratic cross-correlation algorithm. The present invention provides a system and method for locating underwater production manifold leakage based on a pressure wave generator, wherein the leakage locating system includes a pressure wave generator, a signal acquisition and data transmission module, and a leakage locating module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum engineering, and in particular relates to an underwater production manifold leakage locating system and method based on a pressure wave generator. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of the marine oil and gas production system, the underwater production manifold is mainly composed of pipelines, valves, pipe fittings, connecting devices, etc. Its system structure is relatively complex, the pipe network combination is crisscrossed, and it undertakes the task of oil and gas transportation and distribution. It is worth noting that the stable operation of the underwater production manifold is directly related to the continuity and efficiency of oil and gas production. Once a leak occurs, it will not only affect the oil and gas production, but also cause huge economic losses, cause marine environmental pollution, and endanger the ecological balance of the ocean and the safety of the surrounding environment.

[0003] Among them, as a non-invasive detection method, the underwater production manifold leakage location detection technology using a pressure wave generator does not need to interrupt the normal operation of the production system and is suitable for the detection of underwater production manifolds in inaccessible marine oil and gas production environments. During the detection process, the pressure wave generator is used to generate pressure waves (specific frequency and width), which will propagate along the pipeline of the underwater production manifold. If there is a leak in the pipeline, the pressure wave will be reflected or scattered at the location of the leak; by analyzing the characteristics of the reflected pressure wave (such as time delay, amplitude change, etc.), the specific location and size of the leak can be inferred.

[0004] However, after further research, the inventors found that the underwater environment is relatively complex, and there is strong ocean background noise, such as the ups and downs of waves, the surging of ocean currents, and various sounds emitted by marine life. The above factors seriously interfere with the detection and identification of leakage signals stimulated by the pressure wave generator, which greatly reduces the accuracy of the existing underwater production manifold leakage location detection technology based on the pressure wave generator, makes it difficult to identify the detection signal, and it is difficult to accurately determine the leakage location. In addition, due to the complex pressure fluctuations in the underwater production manifold, the pressure anomalies caused by special positions and small leaks are difficult to distinguish, which brings many difficulties to the existing underwater production manifold leakage location detection technology based on the pressure wave generator. Therefore, it is urgent for those skilled in the art to provide a more compact pressure wave generator and an underwater production manifold leakage location system with a more reliable detection signal effect, so as to improve the accuracy and timeliness of leakage location and ensure the safety and efficiency of marine oil and gas exploitation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a system and method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold based on a pressure wave generator. The leakage locating system generates transient excitation by injecting high-pressure fluid with pressure waves of specific frequency and width into the underwater production manifold, thereby enhancing the leakage signal. The leakage locating method identifies and decomposes the non-leakage noise frequency in the pipeline by establishing a denoising model based on spectrum analysis, and specifically removes the non-leakage pressure disturbance in the sensor group signal, thereby solving the problem of weak feature recognition under strong noise. In addition, upstream and downstream pressure sensor matching is achieved based on a gradient difference algorithm, and leakage point positioning is achieved based on a quadratic cross-correlation algorithm, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and timeliness of underwater production manifold leakage positioning, and providing help for improving the intelligent online monitoring and precise positioning of underwater production manifolds.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an underwater production manifold leakage positioning system based on a pressure wave generator, comprising: a pressure wave generator, a signal acquisition and data transmission module, and a leakage positioning module;

[0008] The pressure wave generator is used to generate high-pressure fluid required for underwater production manifold leakage positioning, and includes a pressure wave generator hydraulic impact unit, a pressure wave generator dynamic pressure sealing unit, and a pressure wave generator installation and connection unit;

[0009] The signal acquisition and data transmission module is used to acquire and transmit pressure change data caused by high-pressure fluid;

[0010] The leakage locating module is used to calculate the location of the leakage of the underwater production manifold according to the collected pressure change data.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure wave generator hydraulic impact unit comprises an accumulator (14), an inlet pipeline (41), a return pipeline (40), a connecting pipe section (11) and a pressure wave outlet elbow (3);

[0012] The outlet of the inlet pipeline (41) is provided with an inlet tee (10); the inlet pipeline (41) is connected to one end of a connecting pipe section (11) via the inlet tee (10); a return bend (8) is also provided on the connecting pipe section (11), and the return bend (8) is in conduction with the return pipeline (40); a relief valve (13) is provided on the other end of the connecting pipe section (11) via a relief valve joint (12), and the relief valve (13) is used to control the conduction / closure of the return bend (8) on the connecting pipe section (11);

[0013] An accumulator adapter (6) is provided at the outlet of the accumulator (14), an accumulator tee (5) is installed at the accumulator adapter (6), and an electromagnetic valve sleeve joint (4) is provided at the inlet side of the pressure wave outlet elbow (3); the pressure wave outlet elbow (3) is connected to the accumulator (14) through the accumulator tee (5) and the electromagnetic valve sleeve joint (4); a normally closed waterproof electromagnetic valve (2) is also installed at the electromagnetic valve sleeve joint (4);

[0014] The inlet pipeline (41) and the accumulator (14) are connected to each other through the inlet tee (10) and the accumulator tee (5); a one-way valve (7) is also provided between the inlet tee (10) and the accumulator tee (5).

[0015] Preferably, the pressure wave generator dynamic pressure sealing unit comprises a dynamic pressure compensator (32) and a dynamic pressure compensator outer shell (34);

[0016] The dynamic pressure compensator (32) is fixedly installed inside the dynamic pressure compensator outer shell (34), a filter screen (31) is also provided at the opening of the installation position of the dynamic pressure compensator (32), and a pressure compensation bladder (33) is also provided inside the dynamic pressure compensator (32);

[0017] A lifting head (29) and a socket mounting hole (30) are also provided on the outer shell (34) of the dynamic pressure compensator.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure wave generator installation and connection unit comprises a clamp (1), a fixed back plate (15), a bottom plate (27), and a mounting base (23);

[0019] The clamp (1) is used to fix the accumulator (14); the clamp (1) and the fixed back plate (15) are fixedly connected via clamp fixing bolts (16); the fixed back plate (15) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (27);

[0020] The bottom plate (27) is also provided with an installation positioning bolt (18), and the installation base (23) is also provided with an installation positioning hole (20); the bottom plate (27) and the installation base (23) are positioned by the cooperation between the installation positioning bolt (18) and the installation positioning hole (20).

[0021] Preferably, the signal acquisition and data transmission module includes a power carrier upper computer, a power carrier lower computer, a data acquisition card, a pressure sensor group and a main control unit;

[0022] Among them, a two-way communication connection is established between the power carrier upper computer and the power carrier lower computer through the umbilical cable; the master control station communicates with the power carrier upper computer to provide control instructions and analyze the pressure data transmitted back through the umbilical cable;

[0023] The power carrier lower computer is connected to the data acquisition card and the pressure sensor group in sequence; the pressure sensor group is used to collect changes in pressure signals in the underwater production manifold; the data acquisition card is used to convert changes in pressure signals in the underwater production manifold collected by the pressure sensor group into analog data.

[0024] Preferably, it also includes: a power supply unit;

[0025] The power supply unit is composed of a low-voltage power supply, a power management module and a high-voltage power supply; wherein the low-voltage power supply is used to power each structural unit in the underwater production manifold leakage positioning system; the high-voltage power supply is used to provide the power required for the carrier for two-way communication between the power carrier host computer and the power carrier slave computer; the power management module is used to provide the modulation signal required for the power carrier for two-way communication between the host computer and the power carrier slave computer.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold based on a pressure wave generator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step P1: construct an underwater production manifold leakage positioning system and draw the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold;

[0028] Step P2: Based on the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold, calculate the propagation speed of the pressure wave in the pipeline;

[0029] Step P3: Taking the actual physical conditions of the underwater production manifold as constraints, determine the correction coefficient of the pipeline structure, and construct a pressure wave propagation velocity correction model;

[0030] Step P4: construct a denoising model; extract the sequence matrix PX of the collected pressure data, and obtain the sequence matrix DPX of the pressure data after denoising;

[0031] Step P5: Perform gradient difference calculation on the sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data to obtain the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data;

[0032] The elements in the statistical gradient difference matrix CDPX that are lower than the pressure fluctuation threshold when the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold is leak-free are used as anchor points to match the leak point with its upstream and downstream pressure sensors.

[0033] Step P6: Construct the data set ppx of the upstream pressure sensor number of the leakage point respectively 1 (t), Dataset ppx of the pressure sensor number downstream of the leak point 2 (t);

[0034] A secondary cross-correlation calculation is performed to obtain the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors; the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors is used to locate the underwater production manifold leak.

[0035] Preferably, the sequence matrix PX of the pressure data in step P4 satisfies:

[0036] Formula (3);

[0037] The sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data satisfies:

[0038] Formula (4);

[0039] In formula (3) and formula (4), n is the number of sensors arranged on the underwater production manifold, and m is the length of the signal collected by each sensor.

[0040] Preferably, the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data in step P5 satisfies:

[0041] Formula (5);

[0042] In formula (5), , κ is the step size of gradient difference algorithm.

[0043] Preferably, the step P6 is specifically described as:

[0044] Construct the dataset ppx of the pressure sensor number upstream of the leak point 1 (t), Dataset ppx of the pressure sensor number downstream of the leak point 2 (t), respectively satisfy:

[0045] Formula (6);

[0046] Among them, the data set ppx 1 The autocorrelation function of (t) satisfies:

[0047] Formula (7);

[0048] Dataset ppx 1 (t), dataset ppx 2 The cross-correlation function of (t) satisfies:

[0049] Formula (8);

[0050] In equations (7) and (8), τ is the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors;

[0051] Perform a second cross-correlation operation on equations (7) and (8) to obtain the quadratic correlation function R RR (τ), satisfying: Formula (9);

[0052] Since the leakage signal and noise are uncorrelated, equation (9) can be expressed as:

[0053] Formula (10);

[0054] In formula (10), when τ = D, R RS (τ-D) obtains the maximum value, the quadratic correlation function R RR (τ) also reaches its maximum value, from which the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and its arrival at the upstream and downstream pressure sensors is calculated.

[0055] The present invention provides a system and method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold based on a pressure wave generator, wherein the leakage locating system includes a pressure wave generator, a signal acquisition and data transmission module, and a leakage locating module. The pressure wave generator is used to generate a high-pressure fluid with a pressure wave of a specific frequency and width; the signal acquisition and data transmission module is used to collect and transmit the pressure change data caused by the high-pressure fluid; and the leakage locating module is used to locate and calculate the leakage of the underwater production manifold according to the collected pressure change data.

[0056] An underwater production manifold leakage locating system and method based on a pressure wave generator having the above technical features has at least the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0057] 1. A pressure wave generator is designed in the leakage location system. The pressure wave generator injects high-pressure fluid with a pressure wave of a specific frequency and width into the underwater production manifold, thereby realizing transient excitation of the underwater production manifold pipeline structure and enhancing the leakage signal.

[0058] 2. This leakage location method realizes denoising of pressure data (non-leakage pressure disturbance) by constructing a denoising model, solving the problem of identifying weak features under strong noise.

[0059] 3. The leakage location method also provides an upstream and downstream pressure sensor matching method based on a gradient difference algorithm and a leakage point location calculation method based on a quadratic cross-correlation algorithm, which effectively improves the accuracy and timeliness of underwater production manifold leakage location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the following drawings:

[0061] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic impact unit of a pressure wave generator in an underwater production manifold leakage locating device provided by the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an underwater production manifold leakage locating device provided by the present invention in cooperation with an underwater production manifold;

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a dynamic pressure sealing unit of a pressure wave generator in an underwater production manifold leakage locating device provided by the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure wave generator installation and connection unit in an underwater production manifold leakage locating device provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold provided by the present invention.

[0066] Reference numerals:

[0067] 1. Clamp, 2. Normally closed waterproof solenoid valve, 3. Pressure wave outlet elbow, 4. Solenoid valve ferrule joint, 5. Accumulator tee, 6. Accumulator adapter, 7. Check valve, 8. Return elbow, 9. Ferrule joint nut, 10. Inlet tee, 11. Connecting pipe section, 12. Overflow valve joint, 13. Overflow valve, 14. Accumulator, 15. Fixed back plate, 16. Clamp fixing bolt, 17. Pressure wave outlet hydraulic female joint installation hole, 18. Installation positioning bolt, 19. Pressure wave outlet hydraulic male joint installation hole, 20. Installation positioning hole, 21. Inlet hydraulic male joint installation hole, 22. Return hydraulic male joint installation Hole, 23, mounting base, 24, inlet hydraulic female joint mounting hole, 25, return hydraulic female joint mounting hole, 26, bottom plate fixing bolt hole, 27, bottom plate, 28, clamp fixing bolt hole, 29, lifting head, 30, socket mounting hole, 31, filter screen, 32, dynamic pressure compensator, 33, pressure compensation bladder, 34, dynamic pressure compensator outer shell, 35, branch pipe of underwater production manifold, 36, pressure wave transmitting tube, 37, return outlet, 38, inlet, 39, hydraulic connecting plate, 40, return pipeline, 41, inlet pipeline, 42, frame of underwater production manifold, 43, pressure wave generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The present invention provides a system and method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold based on a pressure wave generator. The leakage locating system generates transient excitation by injecting high-pressure fluid with pressure waves of specific frequency and width into the underwater production manifold, thereby enhancing the leakage signal. The leakage locating method identifies and decomposes the non-leakage noise frequency in the pipeline by establishing a denoising model based on spectrum analysis, and specifically removes the non-leakage pressure disturbance in the sensor group signal, thereby solving the problem of weak feature recognition under strong noise. In addition, upstream and downstream pressure sensor matching is achieved based on a gradient difference algorithm, and leakage point positioning is achieved based on a quadratic cross-correlation algorithm, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and timeliness of underwater production manifold leakage positioning, and providing help for improving the intelligent online monitoring and precise positioning of underwater production manifolds.

[0069] The present invention provides an underwater production manifold leakage locating device based on a pressure wave generator, which specifically comprises: a pressure wave generator, a signal acquisition and data transmission module, and a leakage locating module.

[0070] Among them, the pressure wave generator is used to generate high-pressure fluid with specific frequency and width pressure waves required for underwater production manifold leakage positioning; the underwater production manifold signal acquisition and data transmission module is used to collect and transmit pressure change data caused by high-pressure fluid; the underwater production manifold leakage positioning module is used to locate and calculate the leakage of the underwater production manifold based on the collected pressure change data.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure wave generator specifically includes a pressure wave generator hydraulic impact unit, a pressure wave generator dynamic pressure sealing unit, and a pressure wave generator installation and connection unit. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the pressure wave generator hydraulic impact unit includes an accumulator 14 , an inlet pipeline 41 , a return pipeline 40 , a connecting pipe section 11 and a pressure wave outlet elbow 3 .

[0072] Among them, an inlet tee 10 is installed at the outlet of the inlet pipeline 41. Through the inlet tee 10, the inlet pipeline 41 is connected to one end of the connecting pipe section 11; the connecting pipe section 11 is also equipped with a return elbow 8, and the return elbow 8 is connected to the return pipeline 40. The other end of the connecting pipe section 11 is equipped with a relief valve 13 through a relief valve joint 12, and the relief valve 13 is used to control the conduction / closure of the return elbow 8 on the connecting pipe section 11.

[0073] The outlet of the accumulator 14 is provided with an accumulator adapter 6, an accumulator tee 5 is installed at the accumulator adapter 6, and an electromagnetic valve sleeve joint 4 is provided at the inlet side of the pressure wave outlet elbow 3. The pressure wave outlet elbow 3 is connected to the accumulator 14 through the accumulator tee 5 and the electromagnetic valve sleeve joint 4. A normally closed waterproof electromagnetic valve 2 is also installed at the electromagnetic valve sleeve joint 4.

[0074] The inlet pipeline 41 is connected to the accumulator 14 through the inlet tee 10 and the accumulator tee 5. A one-way valve 7 is also provided between the inlet tee 10 and the accumulator tee 5.

[0075] Further in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the implementation process of the pressure wave generator is explained as follows. Specifically, the offshore platform transports clean, non-corrosive pressure medium to the pressure wave generator 43 of the underwater production manifold structure through an umbilical cable. The pressure medium first flows into the inlet pipe 41 through the inlet port 38; and further flows in from the inlet tee 10, divided into two paths, one of which passes through the one-way valve 7 and enters the accumulator tee 5. After that, it passes through the accumulator adapter 6 and enters the stainless steel accumulator 14 to be stored and accumulate pressure. The other pressure medium in the inlet tee 10 enters the overflow valve 13 through the connecting pipe section 11 and the overflow valve joint 12. The overflow valve 13 is used to adjust (open / close the return bend 8) pressure; when the pressure medium in the overflow valve 13 reaches the set opening pressure (higher than the pressure in the underwater production manifold), the overflow valve 13 opens, and the pressure medium flows out of the return bend 8, passes through the return pipeline 40, flows through the return outlet 37, and finally returns to the umbilical cable.

[0076] At this time, the pressure in the accumulator 14 is equal to the pressure in the relief valve 13, and the relief valve 13 has the function of regulating the pressure in the accumulator 14. The pressure medium flowing through the accumulator tee 5 flows into the accumulator 14 in one way, and flows into the normally closed waterproof solenoid valve 2 in the other way through the solenoid valve ferrule joint 4. The normally closed waterproof solenoid valve 2 is closed when it is not powered on, and the pressure medium cannot flow out when the normally closed waterproof solenoid valve 2 is not powered on. Therefore, the pressure medium can only flow from the accumulator tee 5 into the accumulator 14 and be stored. When the normally closed waterproof solenoid valve 2 is controlled to open, the pressure medium stored in the accumulator 14 will be released into the branch pipe 35 of the underwater production manifold. Due to the pressure difference between the branch pipe 35 of the underwater production manifold and the accumulator 14, when the pressure medium in the accumulator 14 flows into the branch pipe 35 of the underwater production manifold at a high speed, a pressure wave with a high-speed increase in pressure value is generated. The pressure wave waveform has a wide frequency range, which can effectively improve the accuracy of leak location.

[0077] As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3As shown, the dynamic pressure sealing unit of the pressure wave generator includes a dynamic pressure compensator 32 and a dynamic pressure compensator outer shell 34. The dynamic pressure compensator 32 is fixedly installed inside the dynamic pressure compensator outer shell 34, and a filter screen 31 is also provided at the opening of the installation position of the dynamic pressure compensator 32. A pressure compensation bladder 33 is also provided in the dynamic pressure compensator 32. A lifting head 29 and a socket mounting hole 30 are also provided on the dynamic pressure compensator outer shell 34.

[0078] It is worth noting that after the dynamic pressure compensator outer shell 34 and the bottom plate 27 in the pressure wave generator installation and connection unit (through the bottom plate fixing bolt hole 26) are sealed and formed, a sealed cavity structure will be formed. Silicone oil is further filled in the formed sealed cavity, so that the internal pressure formed can prevent seawater from penetrating and corroding other structural units in the sealed cavity. The dynamic pressure compensator 32 is used to dynamically compensate for the pressure in the pressure wave generator 43 to adapt to different water depth working environments. When the external pressure increases, the seawater enters the dynamic pressure compensator 32 after being filtered by the filter 31, and squeezes the pressure compensation bladder 33, so that the pressure in the sealed cavity of the pressure wave generator 43 increases until the pressure in the sealed cavity is balanced with the external pressure, thereby preventing external seawater (because it is higher than the pressure in the sealed cavity) from penetrating into the sealed cavity.

[0079] As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the pressure wave generator installation and connection unit includes a clamp 1, a fixed back plate 15, a bottom plate 27, and a mounting base 23.

[0080] The clamp 1 is used to fix the accumulator 14; the clamp 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed back plate 15 by the clamp fixing bolt 16; the fixed back plate 15 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 27. The bottom plate 27 is also provided with a mounting positioning bolt 18, and the mounting base 23 is also provided with a mounting positioning hole 20; the bottom plate 27 and the mounting base 23 are positioned by the cooperation between the mounting positioning bolt 18 and the mounting positioning hole 20.

[0081] Specifically, the implementation process of the pressure wave generator is explained as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: First, the accumulator 14 is fixed to the fixed back plate 15 by means of the clamp 1 (fixing bolts 16 and clamp fixing bolt holes 28 ).

[0082] Then, the mounting base 23 is welded to the frame 42 of the underwater production manifold. Among them, the mounting positioning bolt 18 (of the bottom plate 27) is used to dock with the mounting positioning hole 20 (of the mounting base 23) when the pressure wave generator 43 is installed, which plays a role in limiting the installation direction and aligning the hydraulic joints on the mounting base 23 and the bottom plate 27. For example: the mounting base 23 is respectively provided with a pressure wave outlet hydraulic male joint mounting hole 19, an inlet hydraulic male joint mounting hole 21, and a return hydraulic male joint mounting hole 22; and the bottom plate 27 is respectively provided with a pressure wave outlet hydraulic female joint mounting hole 17, an inlet hydraulic female joint mounting hole 24, and a return hydraulic female joint mounting hole 25.

[0083] Then, the lifting head 29 is used to lift the pressure wave generator 43 as a whole and lower it into the water, and further dock and install it with the mounting base 23. The socket mounting hole 30 is used to install a wet plug electrical socket. The wet plug electrical socket is further connected to the normally closed waterproof solenoid valve 2 in the sealed cavity.

[0084] One end of the pressure wave transmitting tube 36, the return pipe 40 and the inlet pipe 41 will be welded to the pressure wave outlet hydraulic male joint mounting hole 19, the return hydraulic male joint mounting hole 22 and the inlet hydraulic male joint mounting hole 21 respectively; the other ends of the pressure wave transmitting tube 36, the return pipe 40 and the inlet pipe 41 will be welded to the branch pipe 35, the return outlet 37 and the inlet 38 of the underwater production manifold respectively. The hydraulic interfaces on the mounting base 23 are centrally guided to the hydraulic connecting plate 39, and the hydraulic male joints will be installed on the return outlet 37 and the inlet 38 to connect with the external female joints, and then connected to the umbilical cable.

[0085] As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition and data transmission module includes a power line carrier upper computer, a power line carrier lower computer, a data acquisition card, a pressure sensor group and a main control unit.

[0086] Among them, a two-way communication connection is established between the power carrier host computer and the power carrier slave computer through the umbilical cable; the main control station communicates with the power carrier host computer to provide control instructions and analyze the pressure data transmitted back through the umbilical cable.

[0087] The power carrier lower computer is connected to the data acquisition card and the pressure sensor group in sequence; the pressure sensor group is used to collect the changes of the pressure signal in the underwater production manifold. The data acquisition card is used to convert the changes of the pressure signal in the underwater production manifold collected by the pressure sensor group into analog data.

[0088] In addition, the underwater production manifold leakage locating system provided by the present invention also includes: a power supply unit. The power supply unit is specifically composed of a low-voltage power supply, a power management module and a high-voltage power supply. Among them, the low-voltage power supply is used to power each structural unit in the underwater production manifold leakage locating system. The high-voltage power supply is used to provide the power required for the carrier for the two-way communication between the power carrier host computer and the power carrier slave computer. The power management module is used to provide the modulation signal required for the power carrier for the two-way communication between the host computer and the power carrier slave computer.

[0089] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold, such as Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0090] Step P1: Construct an underwater production manifold leakage location system and draw the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold.

[0091] Specifically, the process of constructing the underwater production manifold leakage locating device at least includes determining that the structural units of the underwater production manifold leakage locating device and their connection relationships are reliable; performing initialization checks, power-on self-tests, and communication self-tests on the structural units of the underwater production manifold leakage locating device.

[0092] Step P2: Based on the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold, the propagation velocity of the pressure wave in the pipeline is calculated.

[0093] On the basis of completing step P1, the propagation velocity of the pressure wave in the pipeline is further calculated. Specifically, the propagation velocity V1 of the pressure wave in the pipeline satisfies:

[0094] Formula (1);

[0095] In formula (1), the average inner diameter of the pipeline is D, the wall thickness is δ, the flow area is ω, the liquid density is ρ, the liquid flow rate is V, the bulk modulus of the transport fluid is K, the elastic modulus of the pipeline material is E, and the pipeline Poisson's factor is μ.

[0096] Step P3: Taking the actual physical conditions of the underwater production manifold as constraints, determine the correction coefficient of the pipeline structure and construct a pressure wave propagation velocity correction model.

[0097] On the basis of completing step P2, the pressure wave propagation velocity is further corrected. It is worth noting that a pipeline correction factor is introduced here. , and the pipeline correction coefficient is used to correct the pressure wave propagation velocity. ,satisfy:

[0098] Formula (2).

[0099] Step P4: Build a denoising model.

[0100] The sequence matrix PX of the collected pressure data is extracted, and the sequence matrix DPX of the pressure data is obtained after denoising.

[0101] On the basis of completing step P3, the original pressure signal collected by the pressure sensor group of the underwater production manifold leakage locating device is further spectrally analyzed in time series, and with the help of a denoising model, the non-leakage pressure disturbance in the original pressure signal of the pressure sensor group is removed in a targeted manner, thereby solving the problem of weak feature recognition under strong noise.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sequence matrix PX of the pressure data in step P4 satisfies:

[0103] Formula (3);

[0104] The sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data satisfies:

[0105] Formula (4);

[0106] In formula (3) and formula (4), n is the number of sensors arranged on the underwater production manifold, and m is the length of the signal collected by each sensor.

[0107] Step P5: Perform gradient difference calculation on the sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data to obtain the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data.

[0108] The elements in the statistical gradient difference matrix CDPX that are lower than the pressure fluctuation threshold when the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold has no leakage are used as anchor points to match the leakage point with its upstream and downstream pressure sensors.

[0109] On the basis of completing step P4, a gradient difference method is further used to make a decision on the sequence matrix of the denoised pressure data.

[0110] Specifically, the gradient difference calculation is first performed on the sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data to obtain the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data. Among them, by analyzing the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data, the leakage trend characteristics can be solved and determined; and with the help of the elements in the gradient difference matrix CDPX that are lower than the pressure fluctuation threshold when the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold has no leakage, the matching of the leakage point and its upstream and downstream pressure sensors is achieved.

[0111] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data in step P5 satisfies:

[0112] Formula (5);

[0113] In formula (5), , κ is the step size of gradient difference algorithm.

[0114] Step P6: Construct the data set ppx of the upstream pressure sensor number of the leakage point respectively 1 (t), Dataset ppx of the pressure sensor number downstream of the leak point 2 (t).

[0115] A secondary cross-correlation calculation is performed to obtain the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors; the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors is used to locate the underwater production manifold leak.

[0116] On the basis of completing step P5, the accurate positioning of the underwater production manifold leakage is further achieved through secondary cross-correlation calculation.

[0117] Specifically, step P6 is described as follows:

[0118] Construct the dataset ppx of the pressure sensor number upstream of the leak point 1 (t), Dataset ppx of the pressure sensor number downstream of the leak point 2 (t), respectively satisfy:

[0119] Formula (6);

[0120] Among them, the data set ppx 1 The autocorrelation function of (t) satisfies:

[0121] Formula (7);

[0122] Dataset ppx 1 (t), dataset ppx 2 The cross-correlation function of (t) satisfies:

[0123] Formula (8);

[0124] In equations (7) and (8), τ is the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors.

[0125] It is worth noting that R in (7) and (8) 11 (τ), R 12 (τ) are all functions with time τ as the dependent variable, so the two functions are further cross-correlated for the second time to obtain the quadratic correlation function R RR (τ), satisfying: Formula (9).

[0126] Since the leakage signal and noise are uncorrelated, equation (9) can be expressed as:

[0127] Formula (10);

[0128] In formula (10), when τ = D, R RS (τ-D) obtains the maximum value, the quadratic correlation function R RR (τ) also reaches its maximum value, from which the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and its arrival at the upstream and downstream pressure sensors is calculated.

[0129] One point that needs to be supplemented is that, through the above-mentioned quadratic correlation operation, the interference of noise on the target signal is further reduced; in addition, compared with the first correlation method, the calculation result can more accurately obtain the value of the time delay in a smaller signal-to-noise ratio environment.

[0130] At this point, the underwater production manifold leakage location is further solved to meet the following requirements:

[0131] Formula (11);

[0132] In formula (11), the propagation speed of the pressure wave in the pipeline is V1, the distance between the upstream sensor A and the downstream sensor B is Lp, the arrival time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak point received by the upstream and downstream sensors is Tz, the fluid velocity is V2, and the distance between the pressure sensor A and the leak point is X.

[0133] By means of the above method, the underwater production manifold leakage positioning system and method provided by the present invention finally realizes the specific positioning of the underwater production manifold leakage by acquiring the underwater production manifold operation data.

[0134] The present invention provides a system and method for locating leakage of an underwater production manifold based on a pressure wave generator, wherein the leakage locating system includes a pressure wave generator, a signal acquisition and data transmission module, and a leakage locating module. The pressure wave generator is used to generate a high-pressure fluid with a pressure wave of a specific frequency and width; the signal acquisition and data transmission module is used to collect and transmit the pressure change data caused by the high-pressure fluid; and the leakage locating module is used to locate and calculate the leakage of the underwater production manifold according to the collected pressure change data.

[0135] An underwater production manifold leakage locating system and method based on a pressure wave generator having the above technical features has at least the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0136] 1. A pressure wave generator is designed in the leakage location system. The pressure wave generator injects high-pressure fluid with a pressure wave of a specific frequency and width into the underwater production manifold, thereby realizing transient excitation of the underwater production manifold pipeline structure and enhancing the leakage signal.

[0137] 2. This leakage location method realizes denoising of pressure data (non-leakage pressure disturbance) by constructing a denoising model, solving the problem of identifying weak features under strong noise.

[0138] 3. The leakage location method also provides an upstream and downstream pressure sensor matching method based on a gradient difference algorithm and a leakage point location calculation method based on a quadratic cross-correlation algorithm, which effectively improves the accuracy and timeliness of underwater production manifold leakage location.

[0139] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The underwater production manifold leakage location system based on the pressure wave generator is characterized by: Including: pressure wave generator, signal acquisition and data transmission module, leakage positioning module; The pressure wave generator is used to generate high-pressure fluid required for underwater production manifold leakage positioning, and includes a pressure wave generator hydraulic impact unit, a pressure wave generator dynamic pressure sealing unit, and a pressure wave generator installation and connection unit; The pressure wave generator hydraulic impact unit comprises an accumulator (14), an inlet pipeline (41), a return pipeline (40), a connecting pipe section (11) and a pressure wave outlet elbow (3); The outlet of the inlet pipeline (41) is provided with an inlet tee (10); the inlet pipeline (41) is connected to one end of a connecting pipe section (11) via the inlet tee (10); a return bend (8) is also provided on the connecting pipe section (11), and the return bend (8) is in conduction with the return pipeline (40); a relief valve (13) is provided on the other end of the connecting pipe section (11) via a relief valve joint (12), and the relief valve (13) is used to control the conduction / closure of the return bend (8) on the connecting pipe section (11); An accumulator adapter (6) is provided at the outlet of the accumulator (14), an accumulator tee (5) is installed at the accumulator adapter (6), and an electromagnetic valve sleeve joint (4) is provided at the inlet side of the pressure wave outlet elbow (3); the pressure wave outlet elbow (3) is connected to the accumulator (14) through the accumulator tee (5) and the electromagnetic valve sleeve joint (4); a normally closed waterproof electromagnetic valve (2) is also installed at the electromagnetic valve sleeve joint (4); The inlet pipeline (41) and the accumulator (14) are connected to each other through the inlet tee (10) and the accumulator tee (5); a one-way valve (7) is also provided between the inlet tee (10) and the accumulator tee (5); The signal acquisition and data transmission module is used to acquire and transmit pressure change data caused by high-pressure fluid; The leakage locating module is used to calculate the location of the leakage of the underwater production manifold according to the collected pressure change data.

2. The underwater production manifold leakage locating system based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure wave generator dynamic pressure sealing unit comprises a dynamic pressure compensator (32) and a dynamic pressure compensator outer shell (34); The dynamic pressure compensator (32) is fixedly installed inside the dynamic pressure compensator outer shell (34), a filter screen (31) is also provided at the opening of the installation position of the dynamic pressure compensator (32), and a pressure compensation bladder (33) is also provided inside the dynamic pressure compensator (32); A lifting head (29) and a socket mounting hole (30) are also provided on the outer shell (34) of the dynamic pressure compensator.

3. The underwater production manifold leakage locating system based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure wave generator installation and connection unit comprises a clamp (1), a fixed back plate (15), a bottom plate (27), and a mounting base (23); The clamp (1) is used to fix the accumulator (14); the clamp (1) and the fixed back plate (15) are fixedly connected via clamp fixing bolts (16); the fixed back plate (15) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (27); The bottom plate (27) is also provided with an installation positioning bolt (18), and the installation base (23) is also provided with an installation positioning hole (20); the bottom plate (27) and the installation base (23) are positioned by the cooperation between the installation positioning bolt (18) and the installation positioning hole (20).

4. The underwater production manifold leakage locating system based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal acquisition and data transmission module includes a power carrier upper computer, a power carrier lower computer, a data acquisition card, a pressure sensor group and a main control unit; Among them, a two-way communication connection is established between the power carrier upper computer and the power carrier lower computer through the umbilical cable; the master control station communicates with the power carrier upper computer to provide control instructions and analyze the pressure data transmitted back through the umbilical cable; The power carrier lower computer is connected to the data acquisition card and the pressure sensor group in sequence; the pressure sensor group is used to collect changes in pressure signals in the underwater production manifold; the data acquisition card is used to convert changes in pressure signals in the underwater production manifold collected by the pressure sensor group into analog data.

5. The underwater production manifold leakage locating system based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included are: a power supply unit; The power supply unit is composed of a low-voltage power supply, a power management module and a high-voltage power supply; wherein the low-voltage power supply is used to power each structural unit in the underwater production manifold leakage positioning system; the high-voltage power supply is used to provide the power required for the carrier for two-way communication between the power carrier host computer and the power carrier slave computer; the power management module is used to provide the modulation signal required for the power carrier for two-way communication between the host computer and the power carrier slave computer.

6. A method for locating underwater production manifold leakage based on a pressure wave generator, wherein the method for locating underwater production manifold leakage based on a pressure wave generator adopts an underwater production manifold leakage locating system based on a pressure wave generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step P1: construct an underwater production manifold leakage positioning system and draw the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold; Step P2: Based on the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold, calculate the propagation speed of the pressure wave in the pipeline; Step P3: Taking the actual physical conditions of the underwater production manifold as constraints, determine the correction coefficient of the pipeline structure, and construct a pressure wave propagation velocity correction model; Step P4: construct a denoising model; extract the sequence matrix PX of the collected pressure data, and obtain the sequence matrix DPX of the pressure data after denoising; Step P5: Perform gradient difference calculation on the sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data to obtain the gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data; The elements in the statistical gradient difference matrix CDPX that are lower than the pressure fluctuation threshold when the pipeline structure of the underwater production manifold is leak-free are used as anchor points to match the leak point with its upstream and downstream pressure sensors. Step P6: construct a data set ppx1(t) of the pressure sensor number upstream of the leakage point and a data set ppx2(t) of the pressure sensor number downstream of the leakage point respectively; A secondary cross-correlation calculation is performed to obtain the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors; the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors is used to locate the underwater production manifold leak.

7. The underwater production manifold leakage locating method based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The sequence matrix PX of the pressure data in step P4 satisfies: Formula (3); The sequence matrix DPX of the denoised pressure data satisfies: Formula (4); In formula (3) and formula (4), n is the number of sensors arranged on the underwater production manifold, and m is the length of the signal collected by each sensor.

8. The underwater production manifold leakage locating method based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gradient difference matrix CDPX of the pressure data in step P5 satisfies: Formula (5); In formula (5), , κ is the step size of gradient difference algorithm.

9. The underwater production manifold leakage locating method based on a pressure wave generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step P6 is specifically described as: The constructed data sets ppx1(t) of the pressure sensor numbers upstream of the leakage point and ppx2(t) of the pressure sensor numbers downstream of the leakage point respectively satisfy: Formula (6); Among them, the autocorrelation function of the data set ppx1(t) satisfies: Formula (7); The cross-correlation function of the data set ppx1(t) and the data set ppx2(t) satisfies: Formula (8); In equations (7) and (8), τ is the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and the upstream and downstream pressure sensors; Perform a second cross-correlation operation on equations (7) and (8) to obtain the quadratic correlation function R RR (τ), satisfying: Formula (9); Since the leakage signal and noise are uncorrelated, equation (9) can be expressed as: Formula (10); In formula (10), when τ = D, R RS (τ-D) obtains the maximum value, the quadratic correlation function R RR (τ) also reaches its maximum value, from which the time difference between the pressure wave generated at the leak and its arrival at the upstream and downstream pressure sensors is calculated.

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