Deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting circulation experimental system

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea mining experimental equipment, and discloses a deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting circulation experimental system, comprising a frame, a controller, a circulating water delivery mechanism, a hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, a material separation mechanism, and a data acquisition camera. The circulating water delivery mechanism, the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the material separation mechanism are all mounted on the frame. The discharge end of the circulating water delivery mechanism is connected to the feed end of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, the feed end of the circulating water delivery mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the material separation mechanism, the discharge end of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is connected to the feed end of the material separation mechanism, and the liquid outlet end of the material separation mechanism is connected to the liquid inlet end of the circulating water delivery mechanism. The data acquisition camera is mounted on the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the circulating water delivery mechanism, the material separation mechanism, and the data acquisition camera are all connected to the controller. This invention can obtain experimental results efficiently, intuitively, and accurately, facilitating in-depth research on the behavioral characteristics and optimization strategies of solid particles during the hydraulic lifting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea mining experimental equipment, and more particularly to a deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic conveying technology, as an innovative fluid lifting method, is gradually demonstrating its enormous potential and unique advantages in multiple industrial fields. This technology cleverly utilizes water as a power medium, using the kinetic energy generated by the high-speed movement of water to effectively drive the movement and suspension of solid particles, thereby achieving vertical and even long-distance transport of solid particles in pipelines. This process is not only highly efficient and energy-saving, but also reduces frictional losses and environmental pollution problems that may be encountered in traditional conveying methods, thus being regarded as a bright new star in the future of industrial material conveying. The application of hydraulic conveying technology is particularly significant in heavy industries such as deep-sea mining, coal mining, and solid slurry transportation. In deep-sea mining, facing the extremely complex seabed environment and mineral deposits that are difficult to directly mine, hydraulic conveying technology can suspend and transport ore particles to the sea surface using high-pressure water flow, greatly reducing mining difficulty and costs. In coal mining, this technology can efficiently mix coal powder or coal lumps with water to form coal slurry, which can be directly transported to the destination through pipelines, reducing dust pollution during transportation and improving production efficiency. To better study this technology, a deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting circulation experimental system is needed for testing.

[0003] Existing liquid-solid mixed transport test devices often cannot accurately simulate and control changes in water flow velocity, making it difficult for researchers to conduct in-depth studies on the transport characteristics of solid materials under different flow velocity conditions, including key parameters such as the distribution of solid particles in the pipeline, transport concentration, and flow stability. The lack of these parameters directly affects the accurate assessment of hydraulic transport efficiency and the possibility of optimizing equipment design for different material characteristics and transport requirements, thus limiting the expansion of test results and application scope. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to provide a deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting circulation experimental system includes a frame, a controller, a circulating water delivery mechanism, a hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, a material separation mechanism, and a data acquisition camera. The circulating water delivery mechanism, the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the material separation mechanism are all installed on the frame. The discharge end of the circulating water delivery mechanism is connected to the feed end of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, the feed end of the circulating water delivery mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the material separation mechanism, the discharge end of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is connected to the feed end of the material separation mechanism, the liquid outlet end of the material separation mechanism is connected to the liquid inlet end of the circulating water delivery mechanism, the data acquisition camera is installed on the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the circulating water delivery mechanism, the material separation mechanism, and the data acquisition camera are all connected to the controller.

[0006] A preferred embodiment of the material separation mechanism includes a primary separation tank, a first connecting pipe, a first electric valve, a second connecting pipe, a pressure holding chamber, a second electric valve, and a solid material temporary storage chamber. The primary separation tank, the pressure holding chamber, and the solid material temporary storage chamber are all mounted on the frame. The inlet of the primary separation tank is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the outlet of the primary separation tank is connected to the inlet of the circulating water supply mechanism. The outlet of the primary separation tank is connected to the inlet of the pressure holding chamber via the first connecting pipe. The first electric valve is mounted on the first connecting pipe. The outlet of the pressure holding chamber is connected to the inlet of the solid material temporary storage chamber via the second connecting pipe. The second electric valve is mounted on the second connecting pipe. The outlet of the solid material temporary storage chamber is connected to the inlet of the circulating water supply mechanism. The first electric valve, the second electric valve, and the solid material temporary storage chamber are all connected to the controller.

[0007] A better option is that the primary separation chamber includes an inlet pipe, a flow pipe, a filter screen, a separation chamber body, and a solid material guide hopper. The separation chamber body is installed on the frame, and a solid material inlet is provided at the top of the separation chamber body. The upper end of the inlet pipe is connected to the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the lower end of the inlet pipe is connected to the top of the separation chamber body. The filter screen is installed obliquely in the inner cavity of the separation chamber body, with the upper end of the filter screen located below the inlet pipe and the solid material inlet. The lower end of the filter screen is connected to the solid material guide hopper, which is installed in the middle of the separation chamber body and is connected to the first connecting pipe. The inlet end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the bottom of the separation chamber body through the flow pipe.

[0008] A better option is that the primary separation chamber also includes a side observation window, which is installed in the separation chamber body and corresponds to the connection between the filter screen and the solid material guide hopper.

[0009] A better alternative is that the solid material temporary storage bin includes a bin body, a screw conveyor, and a discharge pipe. The bin body is installed on the frame, the top of the bin body is connected to the second connecting pipe, the feed end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the bottom of the bin body through the discharge pipe, the screw conveyor is installed on the discharge pipe, and the screw conveyor is connected to the controller.

[0010] As a better option, the solid material temporary storage bin also includes a second observation window, which is installed on the top of the bin body.

[0011] A better option is that the top of the pressure-holding chamber is provided with a first upper observation window, and the bottom of the pressure-holding chamber is funnel-shaped.

[0012] A preferred embodiment includes a circulating water supply mechanism comprising a centrifugal pump, a suction pipe, a water collection tank, a delivery pipe, and a mixing pipe. Both the centrifugal pump and the water collection tank are mounted on the frame. The inlet of the water collection tank is connected to the outlet of the material separation mechanism. The outlet of the water collection tank is connected to the inlet of the centrifugal pump via the suction pipe. The outlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to the inlet of the mixing pipe via the delivery pipe. The inlet of the mixing pipe is connected to the outlet of the material separation mechanism. The outlet of the mixing pipe is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism. The centrifugal pump is connected to the controller.

[0013] A better alternative is that the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism includes a vertical lifting pipe, a bent pipe, and a conveying liquid pipe. The lower end of the vertical lifting pipe is connected to the feed end of the circulating water supply mechanism. The bent pipe is installed on the frame. The upper end of the vertical lifting pipe is connected to the conveying liquid pipe through the bent pipe. The conveying liquid pipe is connected to the feed end of the material separation mechanism. The acquisition camera is installed on the vertical lifting pipe.

[0014] A better option is that the frame includes a base support frame, a multi-functional support frame, a vertical frame, and an inclined reinforcing frame. The lower ends of the multi-functional support frame and the lower ends of the vertical frame are both connected to the base support frame. The upper end of the vertical frame is connected to the base support frame through the inclined reinforcing frame. The hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is installed on the vertical frame, the material separation mechanism is installed on the multi-functional support frame, and the circulating water delivery mechanism is installed on the base support frame.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. This invention, through its frame, controller, circulating water supply mechanism, hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, material separation mechanism, and acquisition camera, enables efficient, intuitive, and accurate acquisition of experimental results during pipeline hydraulic lifting experiments on solid particles. This facilitates in-depth research into the behavioral characteristics and optimization strategies of solid particles during the hydraulic lifting process. Furthermore, it allows for the separation of the solid-liquid mixture after the liquid-solid mixing and conveying experiment, enabling the reuse of both liquid and solid components. When studying the effects of different pipeline flow rates on solid lifting, resource loss is avoided, preventing water waste.

[0017] 2. This invention, through a primary separation tank, a first connecting pipe, a first electric valve, a second connecting pipe, a pressure holding chamber, a second electric valve, and a solid material temporary storage chamber, can ensure the pressure when conveying solid materials, prevent water from being drawn back into the primary separation tank, and orderly send solid materials into the mixing pipe. The coordination of each stage facilitates multiple tests, thereby enabling better judgment of the solid distribution under different liquid flow rates. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material separation mechanism of the deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system of the present invention;

[0020] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 1-Bottom support frame; 2-Energy storage power supply; 3-Centrifugal pump; 4-Liquid extraction pipe; 5-Liquid delivery pipe; 6-Mixing pipe; 7-Vertical frame; 8-Vertical lifting pipe; 9-Bend hanging pipe; 10-Liquid delivery pipe; 11-Multi-functional support frame; 12-Primary separation box; 13-Liquid inlet pipe; 14-Solid inlet; 15-Filter screen; 16-Side observation window; 17-Liquid passage pipe; 18-Water collection tank; 19-Solid material guide hopper; 20-First connecting pipe; 21-First electric valve; 22-Pressure holding chamber; 23-Second connecting pipe; 24-Second electric valve; 25-Solid material temporary storage chamber; 26-Discharge pipe; 27-Screw conveyor; 28-Inclined reinforcing frame; 29-First upper observation window; 30-Second upper observation window. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The invention's objective will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described in detail here, but the implementation of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system includes a frame, a controller (not shown), a circulating water supply mechanism, a hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, a material separation mechanism, a data acquisition camera, and an energy storage power supply 2. The frame includes a bottom support frame 1, a multi-functional support frame 11, a vertical frame 7, and an inclined reinforcing frame 28. The bottom support frame 1 is placed flat on the ground. The lower end of the vertical frame 7 is welded perpendicularly to the middle of the bottom support frame 1. The lower end of the multi-functional support frame 11 is also welded perpendicularly to the bottom support frame 1, and the multi-functional support frame 11 is located to the right of the vertical frame 7. The upper end of the vertical frame 7 is welded to the upper end of the inclined reinforcing frame 28, which is inclined. The lower end of the inclined reinforcing frame 28 is welded obliquely to the end of the bottom support frame 1. The energy storage power supply 2 is installed at the left end of the bottom support frame 1 and is located to the left of the vertical frame 7. The circulating water supply mechanism is installed on the bottom support frame 1. The discharge end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the inlet end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the material separation mechanism. The hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is installed on the vertical frame 7, and the material separation mechanism is installed on the multi-functional support frame 11. The discharge end of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the material separation mechanism. The water outlet end of the material separation mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the circulating water supply mechanism. The data acquisition camera is installed inside the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism. The circulating water supply mechanism, the material separation mechanism, and the data acquisition camera are all connected to the controller. The controller, the circulating water supply mechanism, the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, the material separation mechanism, and the data acquisition camera are all powered by the energy storage power supply 2.

[0023] The frame, welded together, provides support and mounts various mechanisms, enhancing the stability of the circulation system. The controller, a PLC, controls the circulating water delivery mechanism, the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, the material separation mechanism, and the acquisition camera, ensuring their coordinated operation. The circulating water delivery mechanism circulates the test water and mixes it with solid particles. The hydraulic lifting observation mechanism elevates the mixture of test water and solid particles to a certain height. The material separation mechanism separates the solid particles from the test water and temporarily stores them. The acquisition camera is a high-speed camera with a sampling frequency of 500-1000Hz. Even with high-speed solid particle movement, the acquired images show no significant interlacing or ghosting, and the measurement area is approximately 15cm long. Energy storage power supply 2 provides power to the controller, circulating water delivery mechanism, hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, material separation mechanism, and acquisition camera. Energy storage power supply 2 prioritizes rechargeable devices to ensure the circulation system can continue operating to a safe state before stopping in the event of a sudden power outage, thus protecting the experimental system. The bottom support frame 1 supports the energy storage power supply 2, the circulating water supply mechanism, the multi-functional support frame 11, and the vertical frame 7. The multi-functional support frame 11 supports the material separation mechanism. The vertical frame 7 supports the hydraulic lifting and observation mechanism. The inclined reinforcing frame 28 strengthens the vertical frame 7.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the material separation mechanism includes a primary separation tank 12, a first connecting pipe 20, a first electric valve 21, a second connecting pipe 23, a pressure holding chamber 22, a second electric valve 24, and a solid material temporary storage chamber 25. The primary separation tank 12, pressure holding chamber 22, and solid material temporary storage chamber 25 are sequentially mounted on a multi-functional support frame 11 from top to bottom. The feed end of the primary separation tank 12 is connected to the conveying liquid pipe 10 of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the discharge end of the primary separation tank 12 is connected to the inlet end of the water collection tank 18 of the circulating water supply mechanism. The discharge end of the primary separation tank 12 is connected to the feed end of the pressure holding chamber 22 via the first connecting pipe 20. The first electric valve 21 is mounted on the first connecting pipe 20, and is controlled by a controller and powered by an energy storage power source 2. The discharge end of the pressure-holding chamber 22 is connected to the inlet end of the solid material temporary storage chamber 25 via the second connecting pipe 23. The second electric valve 24 is installed on the second connecting pipe 23. The second electric valve 24 is controlled by the controller and powered by the energy storage power supply 2. The discharge end of the solid material temporary storage chamber 25 is connected to the mixing pipe 6 of the circulating water delivery mechanism.

[0025] The primary separation chamber 12 separates solid particles from the test water. Its inner bottom wall is inclined to facilitate the flow of the test water, allowing it to more thoroughly enter the collection tank 18. The first connecting pipe 20 connects the primary separation chamber 12 to the pressure holding chamber 22. The first electric valve 21 controls the flow between the primary separation chamber 12 and the pressure holding chamber 22. The second connecting pipe 23 connects the pressure holding chamber 22 to the solid material temporary storage chamber 25. The pressure holding chamber 22 allows the solid particles inside to continue falling, maintaining a stable internal pressure during solid particle transport, preventing backflow, and ensuring a uniform flow rate. The second electric valve 24 controls the flow between the pressure holding chamber 22 and the solid material temporary storage chamber 25. The solid material temporary storage chamber 25 temporarily stores solid particles.

[0026] Inside the primary separation chamber 12, solid particles and test water can be separated. Under the combined action of the first connecting pipe 20, the first electric valve 21, the pressure holding chamber 22, the second connecting pipe 23, and the second electric valve 24, the pressure during solid particle transport can be guaranteed, preventing water from being drawn back into the primary separation chamber 12. Under the combined action of the solid material temporary storage chamber 25, the discharge pipe 26, and the screw conveyor 27, solid particles can be orderly fed into the mixing pipe 6. The coordination of each stage facilitates multiple tests, thereby enabling better judgment of the solid particle distribution under different liquid flow rates.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the primary separation chamber 12 includes an inlet pipe 13, a through pipe 17, a side observation window 16, a filter screen 15, a separation chamber body, and a solid material guide hopper 19. The separation chamber body is mounted on the upper part of the multi-functional support frame 11 of the machine frame. A solid material inlet 14 is provided at the top of the separation chamber body. The conveying pipe 10 of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is connected to the upper end of the inlet pipe 13. The lower end of the inlet pipe 13 is connected to the top of the separation chamber body and is located on one side of the solid material inlet 14. The filter screen 15 is installed obliquely in the inner cavity of the separation chamber body. The upper end of the filter screen 15 is located below the inlet pipe 13 and the solid material inlet 14, and the lower end of the filter screen 15 is connected to the solid material guide hopper 19. The solid material guide hopper 19 is installed in the right middle part of the separation chamber body. The solid material guide hopper 19 is connected to the first connecting pipe 20. The upper end of the liquid inlet pipe 17 is connected to the bottom of the separation chamber, and the lower end of the liquid inlet pipe 17 is connected to the water collection tank 18 of the circulating water supply mechanism. The side observation window 16 is on the right side of the separation chamber and is located at the connection between the filter screen plate 15 and the solid material guide hopper 19.

[0028] The inlet pipe 13 has a diameter of 600 mm to ensure the accuracy of flow rate calculations and is used to receive the solid-liquid mixture (composed of test water and solid particles). The liquid passage pipe 17 is used to guide the test water from the separation chamber into the collection tank 18. The solid feed port 14 is used to feed solid particles into the separation chamber. The side observation window 16 is used to observe the internal situation in real time, ensuring that any abnormalities inside the separation chamber can be detected promptly. The filter screen 15 can separate the solid particles from the test water, causing the solid particles to move to the right into the solid material guide hopper 19, while the test water flows vertically downwards. The separation chamber is used to contain the test water and solid particles and is equipped with the filter screen 15 and the solid material guide hopper 19. The solid material guide hopper 19 is used to concentrate and guide the solid particles into the first connecting pipe 20.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure-holding chamber 22 is funnel-shaped to ensure that solid particles are smoothly introduced into the second connecting pipe 23. The top of the pressure-holding chamber 22 is connected to the first connecting pipe 20, and a first upper observation window 29 is provided on the top of the pressure-holding chamber 22. The first upper observation window 29 is located on the side of the connection between the first connecting pipe 20 and the pressure-holding chamber 22. The first upper observation window 29 is used to observe the internal situation in real time, ensuring that any abnormalities inside the pressure-holding chamber 22 can be detected in a timely manner.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the solid material temporary storage bin 25 includes a bin body, a second upper observation window 30, a screw conveyor 27, and a discharge pipe 26. The bin body is installed at the lower part of the multi-functional support frame 11 of the machine frame. The top of the bin body is connected to the second connecting pipe 23. The discharge pipe 26 is connected to the bottom of the bin body. The screw conveyor 27 is installed inside the discharge pipe 26, and the screw conveyor 27 is controlled by a controller and powered by an energy storage power source 2. The second upper observation window 30 is installed on the top of the bin body and is located on one side of the second connecting pipe 23.

[0031] The storage bin 25 is used for temporary storage of solid particles. The second upper observation window 30 is used to observe the internal conditions in real time, ensuring timely detection of any abnormalities within the solid material storage bin 25. The screw conveyor 27 is equipped with a variable frequency motor and frequency converter to adjust the solid particle feeding speed, enabling control over the feeding rate and ensuring the controllability of test data. The discharge pipe 26 has a diameter of 600mm to ensure the accuracy of flow rate calculations.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the circulating water supply mechanism includes a centrifugal pump 3, a suction pipe 4, a water collection tank 18, a delivery pipe 5, and a mixing pipe 6. The centrifugal pump 3 and the water collection tank 18 are both mounted on the bottom support frame 1 of the machine frame. The inlet end of the water collection tank 18 is connected to the outlet end of the primary separation tank 12 of the material separation mechanism. The outlet end of the water collection tank 18 is connected to the inlet end of the centrifugal pump 3 via the suction pipe 4. The outlet end of the centrifugal pump 3 is connected to the inlet end of the mixing pipe 6 via the delivery pipe 5. The inlet end of the mixing pipe 6 is connected to the outlet end of the solid material temporary storage bin 25 of the material separation mechanism, and the outlet end of the mixing pipe 6 is connected to the inlet end of the vertical lifting pipe 8 of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism. The centrifugal pump 3 is controlled by a controller and powered by a storage power supply 2.

[0033] The flow rate of centrifugal pump 3 should be set to 120 mm. 3 The pump has a flow rate of 1000 m / h and a head of 20 m, providing power for the flow of test water. The extraction pipe 4 connects the collection tank 18 and the centrifugal pump 3, used to transport the test water. The collection tank 18 is used to collect the test water and prepare it for the next test; its capacity should be at least 10 tons. The delivery pipe 5 transfers the test water from the centrifugal pump 3 to the mixing pipe 6. The mixing pipe 6 thoroughly mixes the test water with the solid particles.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism includes a vertical lifting pipe 8, a bent pipe 9, and a liquid conveying pipe 10. The inlet end of the vertical lifting pipe 8 is connected to the outlet end of the mixing pipe 6 of the circulating water conveying mechanism. The inlet end of the bent pipe 9 is connected to the outlet end of the vertical lifting pipe 8. The bent pipe 9 is mounted on the vertical frame 7 of the machine frame. The outlet end of the bent pipe 9 is connected to the inlet end of the liquid conveying pipe 10, and the outlet end of the liquid conveying pipe 10 is connected to the inlet end of the primary separation tank 12 of the material separation mechanism. The acquisition camera is installed in the inner cavity of the vertical lifting pipe 8. The acquisition camera is controlled by a controller and powered by an energy storage power supply 2.

[0035] The vertical lift pipe 8 has a height of 10m and is used to lift the test water and solid particles to a certain height; the bend pipe 9 is used to suspend the vertical frame 7 and bear the weight of the liquid delivery pipe 10 and the vertical lift pipe 8. The liquid delivery pipe 10 is used to introduce the solid-liquid mixture of test water and solid particles into the primary separation tank 12 of the material separation mechanism.

[0036] The working process of the deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system is as follows: Centrifugal pump 3 extracts test water, which flows through delivery pipe 5 and into mixing pipe 6. Simultaneously, solid particles in the solid material storage bin 25 are fed into mixing pipe 6 through discharge pipe 26 by screw conveyor 27. In mixing pipe 6, solid particles mix with test water to form a solid-liquid mixture. As the mixture flows through vertical lift pipe 8, a high-speed acquisition camera captures images of the mixture, and vertical lift pipe 8 raises the mixture to a certain height. The mixture then passes through bend pipe 9 and delivery pipe 10 into primary separation tank 12. The mixture passes through filter screen 15 to separate solid particles and test water. Test water enters water collection tank 18 through liquid flow pipe 17, while solid particles roll along filter screen 15 into solid material guide hopper 19. Water collection tank 18 then returns to centrifugal pump 3 through extraction pipe 4 for reuse, avoiding water waste. Solid particles enter the pressure-holding chamber 22 through the first connecting pipe 20, which further prevents backflow caused by pressure difference, thus avoiding inconsistencies in the quantity of solid particles. The solid particles then flow into the solid material temporary storage chamber 25 through the second connecting pipe 23 for use in the next test.

[0037] In the hydraulic lifting test, the experimental system of this embodiment can ensure the controllability of other factors. By using the material separation mechanism, the solid-liquid mixture can be separated, so that the number of solid particles is fixed in each test. By setting a pressure holding chamber 22 in the middle of the material separation mechanism, the backflow of solid particles due to pressure difference can be further avoided, which would cause the number of solid particles to be inconsistent. By using the circulating water supply mechanism, the amount of water used can be kept the same each time, which further improves the reliability of the test data.

[0038] The above-described specific embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any other changes or equivalent substitutions made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system, characterized in that: The device includes a frame, a controller, a circulating water supply mechanism, a hydraulic lifting and observation mechanism, a material separation mechanism, and a data acquisition camera. The circulating water supply mechanism, the hydraulic lifting and observation mechanism, and the material separation mechanism are all mounted on the frame. The discharge end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the feed end of the hydraulic lifting and observation mechanism, the feed end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the material separation mechanism, the discharge end of the hydraulic lifting and observation mechanism is connected to the feed end of the material separation mechanism, the liquid outlet end of the material separation mechanism is connected to the liquid inlet end of the circulating water supply mechanism, and the data acquisition camera is mounted on the hydraulic lifting and observation mechanism. The circulating water supply mechanism, the material separation mechanism, and the data acquisition camera are all connected to the controller. The material separation mechanism includes a primary separation tank, a first connecting pipe, a first electric valve, a second connecting pipe, a pressure holding chamber, a second electric valve, and a solid material temporary storage chamber. The primary separation tank, the pressure holding chamber, and the solid material temporary storage chamber are all mounted on the frame. The inlet of the primary separation tank is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the outlet of the primary separation tank is connected to the inlet of the circulating water supply mechanism. The outlet of the primary separation tank is connected to the inlet of the pressure holding chamber through the first connecting pipe. The first electric valve is installed on the first connecting pipe. The outlet of the pressure holding chamber is connected to the inlet of the solid material temporary storage chamber through the second connecting pipe. The second electric valve is installed on the second connecting pipe. The outlet of the solid material temporary storage chamber is connected to the inlet of the circulating water supply mechanism. The first electric valve, the second electric valve, and the solid material temporary storage chamber are all connected to the controller. The circulating water supply mechanism includes a centrifugal pump, a suction pipe, a water collection tank, a delivery pipe, and a mixing pipe. The centrifugal pump and the water collection tank are both mounted on the frame. The inlet of the water collection tank is connected to the outlet of the material separation mechanism. The outlet of the water collection tank is connected to the inlet of the centrifugal pump through the suction pipe. The outlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to the inlet of the mixing pipe through the delivery pipe. The inlet of the mixing pipe is connected to the outlet of the material separation mechanism. The outlet of the mixing pipe is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism. The centrifugal pump is connected to the controller. The hydraulic lifting observation mechanism includes a vertical lifting pipe, a bend pipe, and a conveying liquid pipe. The lower end of the vertical lifting pipe is connected to the discharge end of the circulating water supply mechanism. The bend pipe is installed on the frame. The upper end of the vertical lifting pipe is connected to the conveying liquid pipe through the bend pipe. The conveying liquid pipe is connected to the feed end of the material separation mechanism. The acquisition camera is installed on the vertical lifting pipe.

2. The deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary separation chamber includes an inlet pipe, a flow pipe, a filter screen, a separation chamber body, and a solid material guide hopper. The separation chamber body is mounted on the frame, and a solid material inlet is provided at the top of the separation chamber body. The upper end of the inlet pipe is connected to the hydraulic lifting observation mechanism, and the lower end of the inlet pipe is connected to the top of the separation chamber body. The filter screen is installed obliquely in the inner cavity of the separation chamber body, with the upper end of the filter screen located below the inlet pipe and the solid material inlet, and the lower end of the filter screen connected to the solid material guide hopper. The solid material guide hopper is installed in the middle of the separation chamber body and is connected to the first connecting pipe. The inlet end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the bottom of the separation chamber body through the flow pipe.

3. The deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary separation chamber also includes a side observation window, which is installed in the separation chamber body and corresponds to the connection between the filter screen and the solid material guide hopper.

4. The deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid material temporary storage bin includes a bin body, a screw conveyor, and a discharge pipe. The bin body is installed on the frame. The top of the bin body is connected to the second connecting pipe. The feed end of the circulating water supply mechanism is connected to the bottom of the bin body through the discharge pipe. The screw conveyor is installed on the discharge pipe and is connected to the controller.

5. The deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid material temporary storage bin also includes a second observation window, which is installed on the top of the bin body.

6. The deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-holding chamber has a first upper observation window at its top and a funnel-shaped bottom.

7. The deep-sea mining liquid-solid lifting and circulation experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame includes a base support frame, a multi-functional support frame, a vertical frame, and an inclined reinforcing frame. The lower ends of the multi-functional support frame and the vertical frame are both connected to the base support frame. The upper end of the vertical frame is connected to the base support frame through the inclined reinforcing frame. The hydraulic lifting observation mechanism is installed on the vertical frame, the material separation mechanism is installed on the multi-functional support frame, and the circulating water delivery mechanism is installed on the base support frame.

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