Model test device for simulating injection and loading of catenary shared anchor

Abstract

The invention discloses a model test device for simulating injection and loading of a catenary shared anchor, which comprises a model box, a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame, an actuation injection unit, a first loading mechanism and a second loading mechanism, and is characterized in that the first reaction frame is detachably connected to the top end of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction; the second counter-force frame is detachably connected to the top end of the model box and can move in the X-axis direction, the first loading mechanism is installed on the first counter-force frame, the second loading mechanism is installed on the second counter-force frame, and the first loading mechanism and the second loading mechanism are arranged to be capable of applying loading force with different loading angles to the shared anchor. According to the invention, the penetration, static loading and dynamic loading processes of the shared anchor in the soil under different site conditions and different loading conditions can be simulated, the failure mode and the bearing mechanism of the shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes can be known, and a basis is provided for the use of the shared anchor in an actual scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and in particular to a model test device for simulating penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind power is the most mature offshore renewable energy technology and plays an important role in energy transformation. After years of development, offshore wind development space has become tighter, and deep-sea development is the future development trend. According to statistics, 80% of the world's offshore wind resources are distributed in waters with a depth of more than 60m. In my country's coastal waters with a depth of 5 to 50 meters, the technical development of wind energy resources is 500 million kilowatts, and the exploitable amount of deep-sea wind energy resources is 3 to 4 times that of offshore.

[0003] As my country's offshore wind power continues to develop in the deep sea, the foundation of offshore wind power has also changed from bottom fixed to floating. At present, my country is in an important breakthrough stage from 0 to 1 in floating offshore wind power. At the same time, compared with bottom fixed offshore wind turbines, the overall cost of floating wind turbines is more expensive, and the cost has almost doubled. The cost of the mooring system, including survey, construction, and installation, is about 25% of the total cost. Therefore, reducing construction costs is an effective way to improve the competitiveness of floating wind turbines.

[0004] Shared anchors refer to the mooring cables of multiple floating wind turbines connected to a common anchor foundation. Studies have shown that this configuration can effectively reduce the number of anchor foundations required for wind farms by more than 60%. Therefore, the application of shared anchors can effectively reduce the cost of the mooring system.

[0005] Catenary floating platform is a common floating platform type for floating wind turbines. At present, the failure mode and bearing mechanism of catenary shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes are unclear. It is unclear how much bearing capacity the catenary shared anchor can provide in actual working scenarios, which affects the reasonable use of catenary shared anchor in actual scenarios.

[0006] Therefore, a model test device simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, namely, to solve the problems that the failure modes and bearing mechanisms of the existing catenary shared anchors in different soil layers and different sharing modes are unclear, and it is unclear how much bearing capacity the catenary shared anchors can provide in actual working scenarios, which affects the reasonable use of the catenary shared anchors in actual scenarios.

[0008] To this end, the present invention provides a model test device for simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor, comprising a model box, a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame, an actuating penetration unit, a first loading mechanism and a second loading mechanism, the top of the model box is open, the first reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move relative to the model box along the Y-axis direction, the second reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move relative to the model box along the X-axis direction, the actuating penetration unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the shared anchor into the model box according to the test depth, the first loading mechanism is installed on the first reaction frame, and the second loading mechanism is installed on the second reaction frame, the first loading mechanism and the second loading mechanism are respectively configured to be able to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor, and the loading forces applied by the two are decomposed into horizontal forces that are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading, the first reaction frame includes a first beam and two first columns, the two first columns are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the top of the model box and can be moved along the Y-axis direction, the first beam spans the opening of the model box and can be detachably fixedly connected to different parts of adjacent first columns to adjust the height of the first beam relative to the model box, the actuation penetration unit is installed on the beam and can be moved along the length direction of the first beam, the first loading mechanism includes a first actuation loading unit and a first pulley system, the first actuation loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the first columns, the first pulley system is installed on the first beam and can be moved along the length direction of the first beam, and the first actuation loading unit cooperates with the first pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor at different points.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading, the second reaction frame includes a second beam and two second columns, the two second columns are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the top of the model box and can move along the X-axis direction, the second beam spans the opening of the model box and can be detachably fixedly connected to adjacent second columns, the first beam is located above the second beam and are perpendicular to each other, the second loading mechanism includes a second actuating loading unit and a second pulley system, the second actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the second columns, the second pulley system is installed on the second beam and can move along the length direction of the second beam, and the second actuating loading unit cooperates with the second pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor at different points.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading, the actuation penetration unit includes a first servo actuator, a first locking mechanism and an extension rod. The first servo actuator can be locked at different positions in the length direction of the first beam through the first locking mechanism. The output end of the first servo actuator is sequentially connected to a first force sensor, a conversion flange and an extension rod. The first force sensor is located below the first beam.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor, a slide opening for allowing the first servo actuator to pass through is provided on the first beam, and the first locking mechanism includes a first upper top plate, a first lower bottom plate and a first connecting member, the first upper top plate is placed on the top end of the first beam, the first lower bottom plate is arranged on the bottom end of the first beam, the first servo actuator is mounted on the first lower bottom plate, and the first upper top plate and the first lower bottom plate are clamped on the first beam by a first connecting member to lock the first servo actuator.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor, the first actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator and a second force sensor, the second servo actuator is detachably fixedly connected to one of the first columns, the output end of the second servo actuator is sequentially connected to a second force sensor, a first conversion joint and a first steel wire rope, the first steel wire rope bypasses a first pulley system and is connected to the shared anchor, a third force sensor is connected to the first steel wire rope near the shared anchor, and the second servo actuator cooperates with the first pulley system to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different magnitudes to the shared anchor through the first steel wire rope.

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading, the first pulley system includes a second locking mechanism, a first strut and a first pulley, the second locking mechanism includes a second upper top plate, a second lower bottom plate and a second connecting piece, the second upper top plate is placed on the top end of the first beam, the second lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the first beam, the first strut is fixed to the bottom of the second lower bottom plate, the second upper top plate and the second lower bottom plate can be clamped and fixed to different positions on the beam by the second connecting piece, the first pulley is installed on the first strut, the first steel wire rope passes around the first pulley and is connected to the shared anchor, and the first steel wire rope between the second servo actuator and the first pulley is in a horizontal state.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor, the second actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator, a second strut and a fourth force sensor, the third servo actuator is detachably fixedly connected to one of the second columns, the output end of the third servo actuator is sequentially connected to a fourth force sensor, a second conversion joint and a second steel wire rope, the second steel wire rope bypasses the second pulley system and is connected to the shared anchor, a fifth force sensor is connected to the second steel wire rope near the shared anchor, and the third servo actuator cooperates with the second pulley system to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different magnitudes to the shared anchor through the second steel wire rope.

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading, the second pulley system includes a third locking mechanism, a second strut and a second pulley, the second strut is slidably connected to the bottom of the second beam and is locked at any position of the second beam in the length direction by the third locking mechanism, and second pulleys are respectively installed on two opposite side walls of the second strut that are perpendicular to the length direction of the second beam, the second steel wire rope passes around the second pulley and is connected to the shared anchor, and the second steel wire rope between the third servo actuator and the second pulley is in a horizontal state.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading, an entrance and exit are provided at the front end of the model box, and a baffle is detachably fixedly connected to the front end of the model box to seal the entrance and exit, and waterproof glue is applied between the baffle and the front end of the model box, and one of the second columns is connected to the top of the baffle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can select soil beds of different types and relative densities to be placed in the model box during the test, and can study the penetration, static loading and dynamic loading processes of shared anchors under different soil conditions (static loading refers to monotonic loading, and dynamic loading refers to cyclic loading); the present invention can select displacement-controlled or force-controlled loading methods, and can simulate different shared anchor loading conditions, making the test analysis more comprehensive; during the test, the present invention can collect important data such as penetration depth, penetration force, cyclic loading force and cyclic loading displacement during the whole process of continuous penetration of the shared anchor through various sensors, so as to ensure the reliability of the test; the present invention can clearly understand the failure mode and bearing mechanism of the shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes, and provide a theoretical basis for the use of the shared anchor in actual scenarios.

[0019] 2. The first reaction frame and the second reaction frame are directly installed on the top of the model box. The two reaction frames do not need to occupy additional ground, which reduces the space occupied by the model experimental device after installation. At the same time, the two reaction frames and the model box are designed to be detachably connected, which is more flexible to use.

[0020] 3. The first pulley system can move along the length direction of the first beam (i.e., the X-axis direction), and the second pulley system can move along the length direction of the second beam (i.e., the Y-axis direction). The inclination angle of the loading force applied to the shared anchor can be adjusted by changing the positions of the first pulley and the second pulley in the length direction of the beam, respectively. This not only meets the loading requirements in different inclination directions, but also makes the adjustment method simple and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the static pressure penetration structure of a model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading provided by the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of horizontal static loading and dynamic loading in the X direction; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of horizontal static loading and dynamic loading in the Y direction; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Top view of the .

[0022] List of reference numerals: 1-1, model box; 1-2, baffle; 2, first reaction frame; 2-1, first column; 2-2, first crossbeam; 2-3, third connecting piece; 2-4, fixing bolt; 2-5, first slide rail; 3, drainage hole; 4, gravel cushion; 5, soil bed; 6-1, first servo actuator; 6-2, first force sensor; 6-3, conversion flange; 6-4, extension rod; 6-5, connecting bolt; 7-1, first upper top plate; 7-2, first screw rod; 7-3, first lower bottom plate; 8-1, second servo actuator; 8-2, second force sensor; 8-3, first conversion joint; 8-4, third force sensor; 9-1, locking plate; 9-2, fourth connecting piece ; 10-1, second upper top plate; 10-2, second screw rod; 10-3, second lower bottom plate; 10-4, second slide rail; 10-5, first pulley; 11, second reaction frame; 11-1, second crossbeam; 11-2, second column; 11-3, third slide rail; 11-4, locking bolt; 12-1, connecting plate; 12-2, fifth connecting piece; 13-1, third servo actuator; 13-2, fourth force sensor; 13-3, second conversion joint; 13-4, fifth force sensor; 14-1, second support rod; 14-2, third slide rail; 14-3, third slider; 14-4, second pulley; 15, shared anchor; 16, intelligent control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define components, only for the convenience of distinguishing the above components, and unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meanings and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and in particular to a model test device for simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor. The purpose is to solve the problem that the failure mode and bearing mechanism of the catenary shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes are unclear, and it is unclear how much bearing capacity the catenary shared anchor can provide in actual working scenarios, which affects the reasonable use of the catenary shared anchor in actual scenarios. To this end, the present invention provides a model test device for simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor, comprising a model box, a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame, an actuating penetration unit, a first loading mechanism and a second loading mechanism, the top of the model box is open, the first reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move relative to the model box along the Y-axis direction, the second reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move relative to the model box along the X-axis direction, the actuating penetration unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the shared anchor into the model box according to the test depth, the first loading mechanism is installed on the first reaction frame, the second loading mechanism is installed on the second reaction frame, the first loading mechanism and the second loading mechanism are respectively configured to be able to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor, and the loading forces applied by the two are decomposed into horizontal forces that are perpendicular to each other in the horizontal direction. The present invention can simulate the penetration, static loading and dynamic loading processes of the shared anchor in the soil under different site conditions and different loading conditions (including static and dynamic loading under force control and displacement control conditions), and can accurately collect and analyze various necessary data. Force control refers to controlling the magnitude of the force on the shared anchor, and displacement control refers to controlling the displacement of the shared anchor.

[0027] Hereinafter, a model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading provided by an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] See also Figure 1-5The present invention provides a model test device for simulating the penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor 15, comprising a model box 1-1, a first reaction frame 2, a second reaction frame 11, an actuating penetration unit, a first loading mechanism and a second loading mechanism. The top of the model box 1-1 is open, the first reaction frame 2 is detachably connected to the top of the model box 1-1 and can move relative to the model box 1-1 along the Y-axis direction, the second reaction frame 11 is detachably connected to the top of the model box 1-1 and can move relative to the model box 1-1 along the X-axis direction, the actuating penetration unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the shared anchor 15 into the model box 1-1 according to the test depth, the first loading mechanism is installed on the first reaction frame 2, and the second loading mechanism is installed on the second reaction frame 11. The first loading mechanism and the second loading mechanism are respectively configured to be able to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor 15, and the loading forces applied by the two are decomposed into horizontal forces that are perpendicular to each other.

[0029] In this application, if Figure 1 As shown, the arrow direction in the figure is the X-axis direction, and the front-back direction of the model box 1-1 is the Y-axis direction. The top of the model box 1-1 is designed with an opening not only for putting soil into the model box 1-1 to form the soil bed 5, but also for penetrating the shared anchor 15 into the soil bed 5. There are four water inlets at the bottom of the model box 1-1, one of which is on the bottom surface and the other three are at the lower part of the side wall, which can be used to inlet and outlet water from the bottom of the box, so that the soil bed 5 is more easily fully saturated.

[0030] The soil bed 5 inside the model box 1-1 is prepared by a layered compaction method, the principle of which is to divide the soil bed 5 into several layers and compact them in sequence, and control the compaction thickness of each layer of soil by calculating the weight and moisture content of each layer of soil. After multiple compactions, a uniform soil bed 5 can be prepared. The saturated sand bed 5 can be prepared by saturating the bottom with water after the dry sand bed 5 is prepared. Before the preparation of the soil bed 5, a crushed stone cushion layer 4 needs to be laid at the bottom of the model box 1-1, the function of which is to reduce the disturbance of the soil body when the soil body is saturated and to prevent the soil from being carried out during drainage; a drainage valve is set outside the model box 1-1, the function of which is to saturate the soil bed 5 with water, and to drain the water after the experiment is completed.

[0031] An entrance and exit are provided at the front end of the model box 1-1. The front end of the model box 1-1 can be detachably fixedly connected to a baffle 1-2 to block the entrance and exit. Waterproof glue is applied between the baffle 1-2 and the front end of the model box 1-1. The setting of the entrance and exit makes it more convenient to prepare the soil bed 5 and dig out the soil bed 5 after the test. Waterproof glue is applied to prevent water from flowing out of the assembly gap when the water is saturated.

[0032] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3The first reaction frame 2 is a gantry structure, the first reaction frame 2 includes a first beam 2-2 and two first columns 2-1, the two first columns 2-1 are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the top of the model box 1-1 and can move along the Y-axis direction, the first beam 2-2 spans the opening of the model box 1-1 and can be detachably fixedly connected to different parts of adjacent first columns 2-1 to adjust the height of the first beam 2-2 relative to the model box 1-1, the actuating penetration unit is installed on the beam and can move along the length direction of the first beam 2-2, the first loading mechanism includes a first actuating loading unit and a first pulley 10-5 system, the first actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the first columns 2-1, the first pulley 10-5 system is installed on the first beam 2-2 and can move along the length direction of the first beam 2-2, the first actuating loading unit cooperates with the first pulley 10-5 system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor 15 at different points.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, see Figure 2 The first crossbeam 2-2 is provided with a slideway for the first servo actuator 6-1 to pass through. The first crossbeam 2-2 includes two sub-crossbeams. The two sub-crossbeams clamp the two first columns 2-1 in the middle. The two ends of the two sub-crossbeams are detachably fixed on the side walls of the adjacent first columns 2-1. The gap between the two sub-crossbeams forms a slideway for the first actuator servo to pass through. In order to enable the first crossbeam 2-2 to be adjusted up and down, a plurality of third connecting holes arranged vertically at equal intervals are provided on the front and rear side walls of the first column 2-1. The ends of the sub-crossbeams are provided with fourth connecting holes. The fourth connecting holes on the two sub-crossbeams are connected to the third connecting holes through the third connecting member 2-3 to achieve the purpose of detachable fixed connection between the first crossbeam 2-2 and the first column 2-1. Since a plurality of third connecting holes are provided on the first column 2-1, the position of the first crossbeam 2-2 can be adjusted up and down, so that the first servo actuator 6-1 can be adjusted up and down. Exemplarily, the third connecting member 2-3 may be a screw and a nut, and the screw passes through the third connecting hole and the fourth connecting holes on the two sub-crossbeams and then is connected with the nut to be locked, so as to realize the detachable fixed connection between the sub-crossbeam and the first column 2-1. It should be noted that the above description of the fixing structure between the sub-crossbeam and the first column 2-1 is only an example, and it can be flexibly set according to the actual situation without deviating from the basic principle of the present invention.

[0034] In a more specific embodiment, the top ends of the model box 1-1 (i.e. Figure 2The left and right ends of the model box 1-1 are respectively fixed with a first slide rail 2-5, a first slider is slidably connected to the first slide rail 2-5, and the first column 2-1 is fixed to the first slider. The top two ends of the model box 1-1 are respectively provided with a plurality of first connection holes arranged along the Y-axis direction, and the first slider is provided with a second connection hole. The second connection hole is connected to the first connection hole through a fixing bolt 2-4 to lock the first slider on the model box 1-1. The movement of the first reaction frame 2 is achieved by moving the first slider on the first slide rail 2-5. After the movement is completed, the fixing bolt 2-4 is connected to the first connection hole and the second connection hole to achieve the locking of the first column 2-1.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, see Figure 1 The actuation penetration unit includes a first servo actuator 6-1, a first locking mechanism and an extension rod 6-4. The first servo actuator 6-1 can be locked on the first beam 2-2 at different positions in the length direction through the first locking mechanism. The output end of the first servo actuator 6-1 is connected to the first force sensor 6-2, the conversion flange 6-3 and the extension rod 6-4 in sequence. The first force sensor 6-2 is located below the first beam 2-2.

[0036] The extension rod 6-4 is rigidly connected to the conversion flange 6-3 through the connecting bolts 6-5 and the connecting nuts. The top and bottom ends of the extension rod 6-4 are both provided with connecting flanges, so that the splicing function of multiple extension rods 6-4 can be realized through the connecting bolts 6-5 and the connecting nuts, thereby flexibly increasing or decreasing the loading distance to match the test position of the shared anchor 15.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the first locking mechanism includes a first upper top plate 7-1, a first lower bottom plate 7-3 and a first connecting member. The first upper top plate 7-1 is placed on the top end of the first beam 2-2, the first lower bottom plate 7-3 is arranged at the bottom end of the first beam 2-2, the first servo actuator 6-1 passes through the first top plate and is fixedly connected to the first lower bottom plate 7-3, and the first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3 are clamped on the first beam 2-2 by the first connecting member to lock the first servo actuator 6-1.

[0038] Specifically, the first connecting member includes a first screw rod 7-2 and a first nut. The first screw rod 7-2 is arranged between the first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3 on the outer side of the beam, and the end of the first screw rod 7-2 passes through the corresponding first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3. The first nut is connected to the end of the first screw rod to achieve the first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3 are clamped on the first beam 2-2 together. Loosening the first nut, the first lower bottom plate 7-3 can drive the first servo actuator 6-1 to move along the length direction of the first beam 2-2, and tightening the nut can achieve the locking function of the first servo actuator 6-1. The number of the first connecting members is flexibly set according to actual conditions.

[0039] In the above embodiments, preferably, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator 8-1 and a second force sensor 8-2. The second servo actuator 8-1 is detachably fixedly connected to one of the first columns 2-1. The output end of the second servo actuator 8-1 is connected to the second force sensor 8-2, the first conversion joint 8-3 and the first steel wire rope in sequence. The first steel wire rope passes around the first pulley 10-5 system and is connected to the shared anchor 15. The first steel wire rope near the shared anchor 15 is connected to the third force sensor 8-4. The second servo actuator 8-1 cooperates with the first pulley 10-5 system to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the shared anchor 15 through the first steel wire rope.

[0040] Specifically, the second servo actuator 8-1 is mounted on the locking plate 9-1, and the locking plate 9-1 is detachably fixedly connected to the first column 2-1. In the present application, the detachable fixed connection method between the locking plate 9-1 and the first column 2-1 is not specifically limited. For example, the locking plate 9-1 is connected to the third connecting hole on the first column 2-1 through the fourth connecting member 9-2 to achieve the detachable fixed connection between the locking plate 9-1 and the first column 2-1. The fourth connecting member 9-2 can be a screw and a nut.

[0041] In the above embodiment, a third force sensor 8-4 is connected to the first steel wire rope between the first pulley 10-5 system and the shared anchor 15 to provide more accurate real-time recording of the tension of the first steel wire rope.

[0042] In the above embodiments, preferably, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first pulley 10-5 system includes a second locking mechanism, a first strut and a first pulley 10-5. The second locking mechanism includes a second upper top plate 10-1, a second lower bottom plate 10-3 and a second connecting piece. The second upper top plate 10-1 is placed on the top of the first beam 2-2, and the second lower bottom plate 10-3 is arranged at the bottom end of the first beam 2-2. The first strut is fixed to the bottom of the second lower bottom plate 10-3. The second upper top plate 10-1 and the second lower bottom plate 10-3 are clamped at different positions on the beam by the second connecting piece to lock the vertical plate at different positions in the length direction of the beam. The first pulley 10-5 is installed on the first strut, and the first steel wire rope passes around the first pulley 10-5 and is connected to the shared anchor 15. The first steel wire rope between the second servo actuator 8-1 and the first pulley 10-5 is in a horizontal state.

[0043] Specifically, the first support rod and the second lower base plate 10-3 can be an integrated structure. The second connecting member includes a second screw rod 10-2 and a second nut. The second screw rod 10-2 is arranged between the second upper top plate 10-1 and the second lower base plate 10-3 on the outside of the first crossbeam 2-2, and the end of the second screw rod 10-2 passes through the corresponding second upper top plate 10-1 and the second lower base plate 10-3. The second nut is connected to the end of the second screw rod to realize that the second upper top plate 10-1 and the second lower base plate 10-3 are clamped together on the crossbeam. When the second nut is loosened, the second lower base plate 10-3 can drive the vertical plate to move along the length direction of the crossbeam, and tightening the nut realizes the locking function of the vertical plate. The number of second connecting members is flexibly set according to actual conditions.

[0044] In the above embodiment, two first pulleys 10-5 are installed on the first support rod in an up-down distribution manner. Specifically, a second slide rail 10-4 is fixed on one side wall of the first support rod, and two second sliders are slidably connected to the second slide rail 10-4. Each second slider is fixed with a first pulley 10-5, and the second slider is locked with the second slide rail 10-4 through a locking handle.

[0045] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The second reaction frame 11 is a gantry structure. The second reaction frame 11 includes a second beam 11-1 and two second columns 11-2. The two second columns 11-2 are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the top of the model box 1-1 and can move along the X-axis direction. The second beam 11-1 spans the opening of the model box 1-1 and can be detachably fixedly connected to the adjacent second columns 11-2. The first beam 2-2 is located above the second beam 11-1 and is perpendicular to each other. The second loading mechanism includes a second actuating loading unit and a second pulley 14-4 system. The second actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the second columns 11-2. The second pulley 14-4 system is installed on the second beam 11-1 and can move along the length direction of the second beam 11-1. The second actuating loading unit cooperates with the second pulley 14-4 system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor 15 at different points.

[0046] Specifically, one of the second columns 11-2 is connected to the top of the baffle 1-2. The front and rear ends of the top of the model box 1-1 are respectively fixed with fourth slide rails, and the fourth slide rails are slidably connected with the fourth slider. The second column 11-2 is fixed on the corresponding fourth slider. The top front end of the model box 1-1 refers to the top of the baffle 1-2, and one of the fourth slide rails is fixed to the top of the baffle 1-2. The locking of the second column 11-2 and the model box 1-1 is achieved by locking the fourth slider with the fourth slide rail. The fourth slider can be detachably fixedly connected to the fourth slide rail by a locking bolt 11-4 to achieve locking. Of course, this is only an example and can be flexibly set according to actual conditions without departing from the basic principles of the present invention.

[0047] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 The second actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator 13-1, a second support rod 14-1 and a fourth force sensor 13-2. The third servo actuator 13-1 is detachably fixedly connected to one of the second columns 11-2. The output end of the third servo actuator 13-1 is connected to the fourth force sensor 13-2, the second conversion joint 13-3 and the second steel wire rope in sequence. The second steel wire rope passes through the second pulley 14-4 system and is connected to the shared anchor 15. The second steel wire rope near the shared anchor 15 is connected to the fifth force sensor 13-4. The third servo actuator 13-1 cooperates with the second pulley 14-4 system to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the shared anchor 15 through the second steel wire rope.

[0048] Specifically, the third servo actuator 13-1 is fixed on the connecting plate 12-1, and the connecting plate 12-1 and the second column 11-2 can be detachably fixedly connected through the fifth connecting member 12-2. For example, the fifth connecting member 12-2 can be a screw and a nut. It should be noted that the connection structure between the connecting plate 12-1 and the second column 11-2 is not specifically limited in this application, and the above description is only an example, which can be flexibly set according to actual usage.

[0049] In one embodiment, the second pulley 14-4 system includes a third locking mechanism, a second strut 14-1 and a second pulley 14-4. The second strut 14-1 is slidably connected to the bottom of the second beam 11-1 and locked at any position of the second beam 11-1 in the length direction by the third locking mechanism. The second pulleys 14-4 are respectively installed on two opposite side walls of the second strut 14-1 that are perpendicular to the length direction of the second beam 11-1. The second steel wire rope passes around the second pulley 14-4 and is connected to the shared anchor 15. The second steel wire rope between the third servo actuator 13-1 and the second pulley 14-4 is in a horizontal state. There are two second pulleys 14-4 installed on the side wall of the second strut 14-1 and are distributed up and down.

[0050] Exemplarily, the third locking mechanism includes a locking handle, a third slide rail 14-211-3 and a third slider 14-3, the third slide rail 14-211-3 is fixed to the bottom end of the second beam 11-1, the third slider 14-3 is slidably connected to the third slide rail 14-211-3, and the third slider 14-3 is locked to the third slide rail 14-211-3 by the locking handle.

[0051] The second pulleys 14-4 are respectively installed on the two side walls of the second support rod 14-1, in order to accommodate more shared anchors 15 at different placement points. It is only necessary to disassemble the third servo actuator 13-1 and install it on another second column 11-2, without disassembling the second pulley 14-4 system. It is only necessary to pass the second steel wire rope around the second pulley 14-4 on the other side, which simplifies the operation and is more convenient to use. Figure 4 As shown, at this time, the third servo actuator 13-1 is installed on the second column 11-2 on the left side of the figure, that is, the shared anchor 15 is located on the right side of the third servo actuator 13-1. If the third servo actuator 13-1 needs to be disassembled and installed on another second column 11-2 due to the position of the shared anchor 15, at this time, if the second pulley 14-4 on the second support rod 14-1 is only installed on one side wall, then the second pulley 14-4 needs to be disassembled and installed on the other side. This operation is very inconvenient, and therefore it is designed that the second pulley 14-4 is installed on both opposite side walls of the second support rod 14-1.

[0052] See also Figure 1 The present invention also includes an intelligent control system 16, and the first force sensor 6-2, the second force sensor 8-2, the third force sensor 8-4, the fourth force sensor 13-2, the fifth force sensor 13-4, the first servo actuator 6-1, the second servo actuator 8-1, and the third servo actuator 13-1 are all connected to the intelligent control system 16, which is used to display and record the data collected by each sensor and control each actuator to operate according to a preset mode. The intelligent control system 16 can use a module commonly used in the art with the function of data collection and controlling the operation of each operating component according to a set degree, such as a computer.

[0053] The specific test method of the model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading in the present invention is: Assemble the model box and fill it with a crushed stone cushion layer and a soil bed; Placing the shared anchor at the test point in the model box, and aligning the shared anchor by moving the positions of the first reaction frame and the actuation penetration unit; Start the intelligent control system to control the actuating penetration unit to penetrate the shared anchor statically to the test depth according to the set loading speed, and collect relevant parameter data during the penetration process; Specifically, controlling the first servo actuator to statically pressurize the shared anchor into the test depth according to a set loading speed; After the static pressure penetration is completed, the actuation penetration unit is controlled to be separated from the shared anchor through the intelligent control system, and the first reaction frame is moved again to align the second servo actuator with the shared anchor, and then the first pulley system is moved along the length direction of the first beam to reach the set loading angle, and then the first steel wire rope in the first actuation loading unit is passed around the first pulley in the first pulley system to connect with the shared anchor; the second reaction frame is moved to align the third servo actuator with the shared anchor, and then the second pulley system is moved along the length direction of the second beam to reach the set loading angle, and then the second steel wire rope in the second actuation loading unit is passed around the second pulley in the second pulley system to connect with the shared anchor; The first actuation loading unit and the second actuation loading unit are controlled by the intelligent control system to load the shared anchor according to the set loading mode, and the relevant parameter data during the loading process are recorded; the set loading mode includes the loading method and the corresponding loading parameters, which are selected according to the actual test situation. It should be noted that the intelligent control system is started, the loading test is started, and the test data is recorded. The test should be stopped when the following situations occur: i) During the static loading test, the force or displacement changes abnormally; ii) The force value fed back by the force sensor is close to the full scale; iii) The movement of the actuator is close to the full scale; iv) During the dynamic loading process, the soil is obviously damaged, resulting in difficulty in force control.

[0054] After loading is completed, the connection with the shared anchor is removed, and then the first reaction frame is moved to align the first actuation loading unit with the shared anchor so that the shared anchor can be pulled out by the actuation penetration unit. After the first servo actuator is aligned with the shared anchor, the reaction frame is locked by fixing bolts, and the shared anchor after the test is slowly pulled out by wire rope to prepare for the next test.

[0055] In the present application, the shared anchor is made of 7075 aluminum alloy with an elastic modulus of 71.7 GPa. The outer diameter of the shared anchor is 100 mm, the wall thickness is 4 mm, and the length is 1600 mm. To avoid the influence of the boundary effect, when the shared anchor is in the initial position on the surface of the test soil bed, in the loading direction, the center of the shared anchor is not less than 500 mm from the boundary of the model box (5D, D is the outer diameter of the shared anchor). The first servo actuator can be a 50kN servo actuator with a loading capacity of 50kN, a stroke of 200 mm, and a maximum linear speed of 100 mm / s. The second servo actuator and the third servo actuator can both be 20kN servo actuators with a loading capacity of 20kN, a stroke of 300 mm, and a maximum linear speed of 100 mm / s. Both the 50kN servo actuator and the 20kN servo actuator have high-precision displacement sensors inside with an accuracy of 0.001 mm.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model test device for simulating penetration and loading of a catenary shared anchor, characterized in that: It includes a model box, a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame, an actuation penetration unit, a first loading mechanism and a second loading mechanism. The top of the model box is open. The first reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move relative to the model box along the Y-axis direction. The second reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move relative to the model box along the X-axis direction. The actuation penetration unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the shared anchor into the model box according to the test depth. The first loading mechanism is installed on the first reaction frame, and the second loading mechanism is installed on the second reaction frame. The first loading mechanism and the second loading mechanism are respectively configured to be able to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor, and the loading forces applied by the two are decomposed into horizontal forces that are perpendicular to each other.

2. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first reaction frame includes a first crossbeam and two first columns, the two first columns are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the top of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction, the first crossbeam spans the opening of the model box and can be detachably fixedly connected to different parts of adjacent first columns to adjust the height of the first crossbeam relative to the model box, the actuation penetration unit is installed on the crossbeam and can move along the length direction of the first crossbeam, the first loading mechanism includes a first actuation loading unit and a first pulley system, the first actuation loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the first columns, the first pulley system is installed on the first crossbeam and can move along the length direction of the first crossbeam, and the first actuation loading unit cooperates with the first pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor at different points.

3. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second reaction frame includes a second crossbeam and two second columns, the two second columns are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the top of the model box and can move along the X-axis direction, the second crossbeam spans the opening of the model box and can be detachably fixedly connected to adjacent second columns, the first crossbeam is located above the second crossbeam and are perpendicular to each other, the second loading mechanism includes a second actuating loading unit and a second pulley system, the second actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the second columns, the second pulley system is installed on the second crossbeam and can move along the length direction of the second crossbeam, and the second actuating loading unit cooperates with the second pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the shared anchor at different points.

4. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actuation penetration unit includes a first servo actuator, a first locking mechanism and an extension rod. The first servo actuator can be locked on different positions in the length direction of the first beam through the first locking mechanism. The output end of the first servo actuator is connected to a first force sensor, a conversion flange and an extension rod in sequence. The first force sensor is located below the first beam.

5. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first crossbeam is provided with a slide opening for the first servo actuator to pass through, and the first locking mechanism includes a first upper top plate, a first lower bottom plate and a first connecting member, the first upper top plate is placed on the top end of the first crossbeam, the first lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the first crossbeam, the first servo actuator is mounted on the first lower bottom plate, and the first upper top plate and the first lower bottom plate are clamped on the first crossbeam by a first connecting member to lock the first servo actuator.

6. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator and a second force sensor, the second servo actuator is detachably fixedly connected to one of the first columns, the output end of the second servo actuator is connected to the second force sensor, the first conversion joint and the first steel wire rope in sequence, the first steel wire rope bypasses the first pulley system and is connected to the shared anchor, the first steel wire rope close to the shared anchor is connected to a third force sensor, the second servo actuator cooperates with the first pulley system to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different magnitudes to the shared anchor through the first steel wire rope.

7. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first pulley system includes a second locking mechanism, a first strut and a first pulley, the second locking mechanism includes a second upper top plate, a second lower bottom plate and a second connecting piece, the second upper top plate is placed on the top end of the first beam, the second lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the first beam, the first strut is fixed to the bottom of the second lower bottom plate, the second upper top plate and the second lower bottom plate can be clamped and fixed to different positions on the beam by the second connecting piece, the first pulley is installed on the first strut, the first steel wire rope passes around the first pulley and is connected to the shared anchor, and the first steel wire rope between the second servo actuator and the first pulley is in a horizontal state.

8. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator, a second strut and a fourth force sensor. The third servo actuator is detachably fixedly connected to one of the second columns. The output end of the third servo actuator is sequentially connected to the fourth force sensor, the second conversion joint and the second steel wire rope. The second steel wire rope bypasses the second pulley system and is connected to the shared anchor. The second steel wire rope near the shared anchor is connected to a fifth force sensor. The third servo actuator cooperates with the second pulley system to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different magnitudes to the shared anchor through the second steel wire rope.

9. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second pulley system includes a third locking mechanism, a second strut and a second pulley. The second strut is slidably connected to the bottom of the second beam and is locked at any position of the second beam in the length direction through the third locking mechanism. Second pulleys are respectively installed on two opposite side walls of the second strut that are perpendicular to the length direction of the second beam. The second steel wire rope passes around the second pulley and is connected to the shared anchor. The second steel wire rope between the third servo actuator and the second pulley is in a horizontal state.

10. The model test device for simulating catenary shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of the model box is provided with an entrance and exit, and the front end of the model box is detachably fixedly connected to a baffle to seal the entrance and exit. Waterproof glue is applied between the baffle and the front end of the model box, and one of the second columns is connected to the top of the baffle.

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