Anchor rod impact testing device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an anchor rod impact test device and method, and relates to the field of anchor rod performance test equipment. The anchor rod impact test device comprises a rack, a hoisting mechanism, an impact mechanism and a measurement and control mechanism, the hoisting mechanism is arranged on the rack and comprises a driving part, a pulley and a steel wire rope, the driving part is provided with a driving end, the pulley rotates around a rotating shaft relative to the rack, the rotating shaft is arranged perpendicular to the vertical direction, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the driving end, and the other end of the steel wire rope is wound around the pulley; the impact mechanism comprises an electromagnet and an impact part which are attracted or separated, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected with the end, away from the driving end, of the steel wire rope. The measurement and control mechanism comprises a data acquisition platform. According to the invention, the thermal infrared imager in the measurement and control mechanism collects the temperature variation of the to-be-tested anchor rod, and the laser displacement sensor collects the deformation of the to-be-tested anchor rod, thereby achieving the testing of the deformation capability and impact resistance of the to-be-tested anchor rod under the dynamic load, and achieving a good testing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of anchor performance testing equipment, and in particular, to an anchor impact testing device and method. Background Art

[0002] As the mining depth continues to increase, the ground stress level of the surrounding rock of deep tunnels has increased significantly. In the process of deep mining, the problem of dynamic disasters has long existed and seriously restricted the safe and efficient mining of deep mineral resources in my country. In response to this challenge, researchers have successively developed a variety of support materials, such as mechanical anchors, resin anchors, friction anchors, full-length anchors, hollow grouting anchors, wire rope anchors, and expansion anchors. The application of these new support materials has alleviated the deformation and damage problems of tunnels caused by high-stress environments to a certain extent.

[0003] In practical applications, in order to ensure the safety and stability of tunnels, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation of various support materials. Especially for support materials with special functions such as energy absorption anchors, their deformation capacity and impact resistance under dynamic loads are key indicators to measure their performance. However, the current research on the impact resistance test of these new support materials is not perfect, especially in simulating the actual working conditions of mines.

[0004] Most of the current devices used to test the impact resistance of support materials are based on traditional design ideas, which makes it difficult to accurately reproduce the transient impact load conditions faced by anchors in mining environments. This leads to a certain deviation between the dynamic mechanical performance data of support materials obtained under laboratory conditions and actual engineering applications. Due to the lack of test devices that can efficiently simulate real working conditions and scientific and reasonable test methods, the selection of tunnel support materials still relies heavily on empirical judgment. This method obviously cannot meet the current needs of my country's deep mines facing complex geological conditions and high ground pressure disaster risks, which in turn affects the overall development level of dynamic disaster prevention and control technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an anchor impact testing device and method, which can simulate real working conditions to test the deformation capacity and impact resistance of the anchor under dynamic load.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an anchor impact test device, the anchor impact test device comprising a frame, a lifting mechanism, an impact mechanism and a measurement and control mechanism; The frame is provided with a fixing hole and a mounting hole, the fixing hole extends in a vertical direction, the anchor rod to be tested is vertically passed through the fixing hole, and the mounting hole is spaced apart from the fixing hole; The lifting mechanism is installed on the frame, and the lifting mechanism includes a driving member, a pulley and a wire rope, the driving member is provided with a driving end, the pulley rotates around a rotating shaft relative to the frame, the rotating shaft is arranged perpendicular to the vertical direction, one end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the driving end, and the other end of the wire rope is wound around the pulley and extends into the mounting hole; The impact mechanism comprises an electromagnet and an impact piece, the impact piece is attracted or separated from the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected to an end of the steel wire rope away from the driving end; The measurement and control mechanism comprises a data acquisition platform, which comprises an infrared thermal imager and a laser displacement sensor. The anchor rod to be measured is located within the acquisition range of the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, there are multiple mounting holes, and the number of the lifting mechanisms is the same as the number of the mounting holes and corresponds one to one, wherein the fixed ends of the multiple steel ropes are arranged in a circular array on the electromagnet.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the anchor impact testing device further comprises a level, and the level is mounted on the electromagnet.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the frame includes a base, a top seat and two columns, each of the columns is supported between the base and the top seat, the top seat is provided with the fixing hole and the mounting hole, and the pulley is mounted on the top seat.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, each of the columns includes a first column and a second column, the first column is fixedly connected to the base, the second column is slidably disposed on the first column, and the second column is fixedly connected to the top seat.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the rack further includes a height scale, which is disposed on at least one of the columns along a height direction, and a starting scale of the height scale is located at one end of the column close to the top seat.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the anchor rod impact testing device further includes a buffer mechanism, which is mounted on the frame and located below the anchor rod to be tested.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the measurement and control mechanism includes a control platform, and the control platform is electrically connected to the driving member and the electromagnet respectively.

[0014] In an optional implementation, the measurement and control mechanism further includes a display platform, and the display platform is electrically connected to the data acquisition platform.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an anchor impact test method, based on the anchor impact test device described in the aforementioned embodiment, the anchor impact test method comprises: The rod body of the anchor rod to be tested is vertically inserted into the fixing hole, and the upper end of the anchor rod to be tested is fixed on the frame; The control electromagnet is energized, and the impact piece is attracted to the electromagnet; Starting the driving member, the driving member drives the steel wire rope to move on the pulley, and after the electromagnet and the impact member are raised to a preset height, the driving member is stopped; The electromagnet is controlled to be powered off, the impact piece is separated from the electromagnet, and the impact piece falls down under the action of gravity to impact the tray of the anchor rod to be tested; The infrared thermal imager collects the temperature change of the anchor rod to be measured, and the laser displacement sensor collects the deformation of the anchor rod to be measured; Reversely start the driving member, the driving member drives the steel wire rope to move in the reverse direction on the pulley, and lowers the electromagnet to the position of the impact member; Controlling the electromagnet to be energized, so that the impact member and the electromagnet are attracted again; The driving member is restarted, and the driving member drives the steel wire rope to move on the pulley, and after the electromagnet and the impact member are raised to a preset height, the driving member is stopped.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: The present application simulates the real working conditions to the greatest extent possible and reduces the error between laboratory conditions and actual engineering applications by vertically mounting the anchor rod to be tested on the fixing hole of the frame, and then utilizes a lifting mechanism and an impact mechanism to perform an impact test on the anchor rod to be tested, thereby realizing multiple in-situ impact tests. Finally, the present application collects the temperature change of the anchor rod to be tested by using an infrared thermal imager in the measurement and control mechanism, and collects the deformation of the anchor rod to be tested by a laser displacement sensor, thereby realizing the test of the deformation capacity and impact resistance of the anchor rod to be tested under dynamic load. The present application has a simple structure, is convenient and fast to operate, and has a good test effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Shows a schematic plan view of an anchor rod in some embodiments; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a test stereo connection between an anchor impact test device and an anchor in some embodiments is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection between the anchor impact test device and the anchor test plane in some embodiments is shown; Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0019] Description of main component symbols: 100-anchor rod; 110-rod body; 120-shell; 130-tray; 200-anchor rod impact test device; 210-frame; 211-base; 212-top seat; 213-column; 214-height scale; 220-lifting mechanism; 221-driving member; 222-pulley; 222a-first pulley; 222b-second pulley; 223-wire rope; 230-impact mechanism; 231-electromagnet; 232-impact member; 240-measurement and control mechanism; 241-operation platform; 242-display platform; 250-level; 260-buffer mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0025] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1 This embodiment is applicable to the performance test of the anchor rod 100, where the anchor rod 100 includes but is not limited to a mechanical anchor rod 100, a resin anchor rod 100 and other different types of anchor rods 100.

[0026] The anchor rod 100 includes a rod body 110, a shell 120 and a tray 130. The rod body 110 is in the shape of a long rod, and the shell 120 is a stainless steel shell. The shell 120 and the rod body 110 are anchored and bonded by a resin anchor or cement slurry, which is used to simulate the actual interaction between the borehole surrounding rock structure and the support material. It can truly simulate the actual on-site installation method of the support structure and has strong engineering guidance. The lower end of the rod body 110 is fixedly connected to the tray 130 by bolts and other fasteners.

[0027] It can be understood that the connection between the rod body 110, the housing 120 and the tray 130 is very similar to actual engineering references, which can reduce the error between laboratory conditions and actual engineering applications and simulate the real working conditions to the greatest extent.

[0028] See also Figure 2 This embodiment provides an anchor rod impact testing device 200. For ease of description and understanding, the anchor rod 100 installed in the anchor rod impact testing device 200 is defined as the anchor rod 100 to be tested. The anchor rod impact testing device 200 includes a frame 210, a lifting mechanism 220, an impact mechanism 230 and a measurement and control mechanism 240.

[0029] The frame 210 is provided with a fixing hole and a mounting hole, wherein the fixing hole extends in a vertical direction, and the anchor rod 100 to be tested is vertically inserted into the fixing hole. Specifically, the fixing hole is provided with an internal thread, and the upper end of the rod body 110 of the anchor rod 100 to be tested is provided with an external thread, and the external thread matches the internal thread, and the anchor rod 100 is fastened to the frame 210 in a vertically suspended manner. The frame 210 provides a reaction force for the anchor rod 100, and the structure is reliable and the installation efficiency is high.

[0030] The mounting holes and the fixing holes are arranged at intervals.

[0031] This embodiment simulates the actual working condition to the greatest extent by vertically mounting the anchor rod 100 to be tested on the fixing hole of the frame 210, thereby reducing the error between the laboratory condition and the actual engineering application.

[0032] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The lifting mechanism 220 is installed on the frame 210, and the lifting mechanism 220 includes a driving member 221, a pulley 222 and a wire rope 223. The driving member 221 is provided with a driving end, the pulley 222 rotates around a rotating axis relative to the frame 210, and the rotating axis is arranged perpendicular to the vertical direction. One end of the wire rope 223 is fixedly connected to the driving end, and the other end of the wire rope 223 is wound around the pulley 222 and extends into the mounting hole.

[0033] In this embodiment, the driving member 221 can be set as a winch, and the wire rope 223 changes the direction of the force through the pulley 222, so that it is convenient for the tester to pull the electromagnet 231 described later.

[0034] In this embodiment, the pulley 222 can also be set as a fixed pulley, and the number of the pulleys 222 is two. For ease of description and understanding, the two pulleys 222 are respectively defined as a first pulley 222a and a second pulley 222b, the rotation axis of the first pulley 222a is defined as a first axis, and the rotation axis of the second pulley 222b is defined as a second axis.

[0035] In some embodiments, to ensure smooth lifting of the driving member 221, the driving member 221 should be arranged on the side of the pulley 222 away from the anchor rod 100, and to avoid the weight of the driving member 221 affecting the test results, the driving member 221 can be placed on the ground.

[0036] The first pulley 222a is arranged at the top of the frame 210, the second pulley 222b is arranged at the top of the frame 210, and the second axis and the first axis are located in the same horizontal plane. It can be understood that the wire rope 223 between the first pulley 222a and the frame 210 is in an inclined state, and the wire rope 223 between the second pulley 222b and the first pulley 222a is in a horizontal state.

[0037] The impact mechanism 230 includes an electromagnet 231 and an impact piece 232. The electromagnet 231 is columnar, and the impact piece 232 is disc-shaped or block-shaped. The size of the impact piece 232 should be larger than the size of the tray 130, so as to ensure that the tray 130 as a whole can be impacted by the impact piece 232 and avoid local cracking of the tray 130 due to stress.

[0038] The impact member 232 is attracted or separated from the electromagnet 231 , and the electromagnet 231 is fixedly connected to an end of the steel wire rope 223 away from the driving end. Therefore, under the driving action of the driving member 221 , the steel wire rope 223 drives the electromagnet 231 to rise and fall.

[0039] If the electromagnet 231 and the impact member 232 are attracted, the impact member 232 and the electromagnet 231 will rise and fall simultaneously, that is, the driving member 221 can adjust the height of the impact member 232, thereby controlling the falling height.

[0040] If the electromagnet 231 is separated from the impact member 232 , the impact member 232 falls due to gravity. Since the impact member 232 has a certain weight, during the falling process, the impact member 232 causes a certain axial impact force on the tray 130 , thereby realizing a simulation test of the impact of the anchor rod 100 .

[0041] In actual use, the attraction or separation of the impact piece 232 and the electromagnet 231 is controlled by controlling whether the electromagnet 231 is energized. When the electromagnet 231 is energized, the electromagnet 231 generates a magnetic attraction force, and the impact piece 232 and the electromagnet 231 are attracted. When the electromagnet 231 is de-energized, the electromagnet 231 does not generate a magnetic attraction force, and the impact piece 232 and the electromagnet 231 are separated.

[0042] In some embodiments, the weight of the impact piece 232 can be set according to the test requirements, for example, by increasing or decreasing the number of impact pieces 232 or replacing the impact piece 232 to achieve different impact force tests. In this embodiment, high-strength, high-wear-resistant alloy tool steel can be used as the impact piece 232 to increase its service life.

[0043] This embodiment can change the axial impact energy generated by the impact piece 232 falling by changing the height and weight of the impact piece 232 to adapt to the impact test of anchor rods 100 of different specifications and models. The operation is simple and the application range is wide.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rod body 110 is penetrated by the electromagnet 231 and the impact piece 232, and the electromagnet 231, the impact piece 232 and the tray 130 are arranged along the length direction of the rod body 110, the electromagnet 231 is located at the top, the impact piece 232 is located between the electromagnet 231 and the tray 130, and the tray 130 is located at the bottom. Therefore, after the impact piece 232 falls under the action of gravity and impacts the tray 130, the impact piece 232 will stay on the tray 130 because the tray 130 has not completely failed.

[0045] To ensure that the impact member 232 moves smoothly outside the shell 120, in this embodiment, lubricant is applied to the outside of the shell 120, and polishing is performed inside the hole of the impact member 232 to reduce friction and impact force loss, thereby ensuring that the impact force of the impact member 232 at the upper end of the anchor rod 100 is basically equal to the impact force at the lower end of the anchor rod 100, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0046] In addition, in this embodiment, the upper and lower surfaces of the impact piece 232 are polished to be smooth, so as to ensure that the upper surface of the impact piece 232 is in full contact with the electromagnet 231 , and the lower surface of the impact piece 232 is in full contact with the tray 130 .

[0047] In some embodiments, the impact energy generated by the impact piece 232 falling is changed by changing the starting height of the impact piece 232 when it falls; or the impact energy generated by the impact piece 232 falling is changed by changing the weight and shape of the impact piece 232; or the impact energy generated by the impact piece 232 falling is changed by changing the falling height and weight of the impact piece 232 at the same time, thereby adapting to the impact test of anchor rods 100 with different bearing capacities.

[0048] The measurement and control mechanism 240 includes a data acquisition platform (not shown in the figure), which includes an infrared thermal imager and a laser displacement sensor. The anchor rod 100 to be measured is located within the acquisition range of the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor are installed on the rack 210 , and the collection points of the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor are set toward the position of the tray 130 .

[0050] See also Figures 1 to 3 Based on the above content, this embodiment further provides an impact test method for an anchor rod 100, and the impact test method for an anchor rod 100 includes: S100 . Vertically insert the rod body 110 of the anchor rod 100 to be tested into the fixing hole, and fix the upper end of the anchor rod 100 to be tested on the frame 210 .

[0051] S200 . The electromagnet 231 is energized, and the impact member 232 is attracted to the electromagnet 231 .

[0052] S300. Start the driving member 221, which drives the steel wire rope 223 to move on the pulley 222, and after the electromagnet 231 and the impact member 232 are raised to a preset height, the driving is stopped.

[0053] S400 . The electromagnet 231 is controlled to be powered off, the impact member 232 is separated from the electromagnet 231 , and the impact member 232 falls down due to gravity to impact the tray 130 of the anchor rod 100 to be tested.

[0054] S500. The infrared thermal imager collects the temperature change of the anchor rod 100 to be measured, and the laser displacement sensor collects the deformation of the anchor rod 100 to be measured.

[0055] Specifically, the infrared thermal imager monitors the temperature change caused by the sliding friction between the rod body 110 and the housing during the impact process.

[0056] S600. Reversely start the driving member 221, the driving member 221 drives the wire rope 223 to move in the reverse direction on the pulley 222, and lowers the electromagnet 231 to the position of the impact member 232.

[0057] S700 . The control electromagnet 231 is energized, and the impact member 232 and the electromagnet 231 are attracted again.

[0058] S800. Restart the driving member 221, which drives the steel wire rope 223 to move on the pulley 222, and after the electromagnet 231 and the impact member 232 are raised to a preset height, the driving member 221 is stopped.

[0059] If multiple impact tests are required, repeat S400 to S800.

[0060] The present embodiment can realize multiple in-situ impact tests, and the present embodiment collects the temperature change of the anchor rod 100 to be tested by the infrared thermal imager in the measurement and control mechanism 240, and collects the deformation of the anchor rod 100 to be tested by the laser displacement sensor, thereby realizing the test of the deformation ability and impact resistance of the anchor rod 100 to be tested under dynamic load. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient and fast, and the test effect is good.

[0061] It can be understood that the greater the temperature change, the worse the deformation resistance of the anchor rod 100, and the greater the deformation, the worse the impact resistance of the anchor rod 100. By analyzing the test data of the anchor rod 100, the performance of the anchor rod 100 can be evaluated.

[0062] Embodiment 2 See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on the first embodiment, this embodiment makes improvements in that the number of mounting holes is multiple, the number of lifting mechanisms 220 is the same as the number of mounting holes and corresponds one to one, wherein the fixed ends of multiple steel ropes 223 are arranged in a circular array on the electromagnet 231.

[0063] In this embodiment, the number of mounting holes can be set to 2, and the number of lifting mechanisms 220 is two groups. The two groups of lifting mechanisms 220 are respectively located on both sides of the frame 210, and each group of lifting mechanisms 220 includes 2 pulleys 222. Therefore, the number of pulleys 222 is 4, and the four pulleys 222 form a pulley 222 group, which can easily lift the electromagnet 231 and the impact member 232.

[0064] And because the fixed ends of the two steel ropes 223 are respectively located at the two ends of the electromagnet 231, this arrangement has the following two advantages. First, during the lifting process, the electromagnet 231 and the impact piece 232 can maintain a stable rising state and will not shake due to uneven force. Second, before the impact, the level of the electromagnet 231 and the impact piece 232 is guaranteed, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test data.

[0065] In this embodiment, the centers of the two mounting holes and the center of the fixing hole are located on the same straight line, and the fixing hole is located between the two mounting holes. Such a setting can simplify the structure of the anchor impact testing device 200 and improve the test accuracy.

[0066] Embodiment 3 See also Figures 2 to 4 Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment is improved in that the anchor impact testing device 200 also includes a level meter 250 , and the level meter 250 is installed on the electromagnet 231 .

[0067] Before the impact, the level meter 250 shows that the electromagnet 231 has not reached a horizontal state. At this time, the driving member 221 is started to fine-tune the electromagnet 231 until the level meter 250 shows that the electromagnet 231 reaches a horizontal state, ensuring that the falling path of the impact member 232 is vertical, so as to apply an axial impact force to the tray 130 and improve the test reliability.

[0068] Embodiment 4 See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment is improved in that the frame 210 includes a base 211, a top seat 212 and a column 213, each column 213 is supported between the base 211 and the top seat 212, the top seat 212 is provided with a fixing hole and an installation hole, and the pulley 222 is installed on the top seat 212.

[0069] Specifically, the two columns 213 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base 211, and the distance between the two columns 213 is smaller than the lateral dimension of the top seat 212, and the distance between the two columns 213 is also smaller than the lateral dimension of the base 211, thereby improving the stability of the frame 210 and ensuring that the frame 210 will not be overturned due to impact.

[0070] The infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor are respectively installed on the column 213 , for example, the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor are respectively installed on the same column 213 , or the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor are respectively installed on different columns 213 .

[0071] Each column 213 includes a first column and a second column. The first column is fixedly connected to the base 211 , the second column is slidably disposed on the first column, and the second column is fixedly connected to the top seat 212 .

[0072] For example, the distance between the two columns 213 is set to 2500 mm, the first column and the second column are made of square steel pipes, the top seat 212 is made of 3100 mm × 2100 mm (length × width) Cr12 thick steel plate, and the base 211 is made of an assembled bottom structure composed of multiple square groove platforms and connecting devices.

[0073] The height of the column 213 is divided into multiple gears, which are achieved by the relative sliding of the second column and the first column. For example, when the second column slides to the first position relative to the first column, the second column and the first column are fixed to each other. At this time, the column 213 is in the first gear.

[0074] As mentioned above, the second column and the first column are fixed to each other by means of an elastic protrusion, that is, a through hole is set on the first column, and an elastic protrusion is set on the second column. When the second column slides to the first position relative to the first column, the elastic protrusion is inserted into the through hole to be fixed, and the elastic protrusion is pressed out of the through hole, so that the second column and the first column can continue to slide relative to each other.

[0075] In some embodiments, each column 213 further includes a third column or even a fourth column. The telescopic function of the column 213 can be achieved by using a plurality of nested columns 213 , and there is no limitation on the number of columns 213 .

[0076] It can be understood that the telescopic function of the column 213 enables the impact member 232 to have a larger impact range, which can match different test requirements and has strong applicability.

[0077] In some embodiments, the rack 210 also includes a height scale 214, which is arranged on at least one column 213 along the height direction, and the starting scale of the height scale 214 is located at one end of the column 213 close to the top seat 212, and the ending scale of the height scale 214 is located at one end of the column 213 away from the top seat 212.

[0078] In this embodiment, the starting scale of the height scale 214 can be set to be located on the lower surface of the top seat 212. During testing, the upper surface or lower surface of the impact piece 232 is used as a reference surface. By placing auxiliary tools such as a square on the impact piece 232 and the height scale 214, the distance from the impact piece 232 to the lower surface of the top seat 212 can be measured using the height scale 214.

[0079] The tester can adjust the distance from the impact member 232 to the lower surface of the top seat 212 according to different test requirements. The setting of the height scale 214 provides the tester with an intuitive testing method and reduces test errors.

[0080] In some embodiments, the end scale of the height scale 214 is lower than the height of the tray 130 . At this time, the height scale 214 can measure the distance from the impact member 232 to the tray 130 to ensure that the impact member 232 has sufficient impact force when falling to the tray 130 .

[0081] In some embodiments, the end scale of the height scale 214 is located on the upper surface of the base 211. In this way, the height scale 214 also serves to measure the distance from the impact member 232 to the base 211. The preset impact force of the base 211 is obtained by calculation, ensuring that the preset impact force is within the maximum bearing range of the base 211, thereby reducing the probability of the impact member 232 damaging the base 211.

[0082] In combination with the first embodiment, the driving member 221 can achieve height adjustment of the impact member 232. Therefore, this embodiment has a dual adjustment function, realizes the test requirements for impacts on different anchor rods 100, and has strong adaptability.

[0083] Embodiment 5 See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment is improved in that the anchor impact testing device 200 further includes a buffer mechanism 260 , which is mounted on the frame 210 and is located below the anchor 100 to be tested.

[0084] After multiple in-situ impact tests, the tray 130 will fail, and the tray 130 and the impact piece 232 will fall down. Since the impact piece 232 is heavy, it is very likely to damage the frame 210, causing irreversible damage to the anchor impact test device 200. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned buffer mechanism 260 is arranged under the anchor 100 to be tested, which can protect the anchor impact test device 200 to the greatest extent.

[0085] In actual use, the buffer mechanism 260 adopts a hydraulic buffering method to prevent excessive impact load from causing damage to the anchor impact testing device 200. The number of buffer mechanisms 260 can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the required buffering effect.

[0086] It is understandable that the preset impact force of the impact member 232 should be within the maximum bearing range of the buffer mechanism 260 to ensure that the buffer mechanism 260 will not fail under the impact of the impact member 232 , thereby protecting the frame 210 .

[0087] Embodiment 6 See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment is improved in that the measurement and control mechanism 240 further includes a control platform 241, which is electrically connected to the driving member 221 and the electromagnet 231. The control platform 241 controls the driving member 221 to start, reverse start or stop, and also controls the power on or off of the electromagnet 231.

[0088] The measurement and control mechanism 240 further includes a display platform 242, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition platform. After data acquisition is completed, the data acquisition platform transmits data to the display platform 242, and the data is displayed on the display platform 242.

[0089] In some embodiments, the display platform 242 is used to display the impact force and impact displacement data of the impact member 232 and the anchor rod 100 in real time, and obtain an impact energy time history curve according to the impact force and impact displacement data.

[0090] In some embodiments, the display platform 242 also outputs and analyzes the deformation data and impact resistance data of the anchor rod 100 to be tested in real time to obtain more feature point data.

[0091] In some embodiments, the display platform 242 includes impact test analysis software, which can automatically obtain information such as the deformation capacity and impact resistance of the energy absorbing anchor 100.

[0092] In this embodiment, the test control can be performed through the operating platform, and the display platform 242 of this embodiment can intuitively display various types of collected data, and the operation is simple and fast.

[0093] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0094] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An anchor impact test device, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a lifting mechanism, an impact mechanism and a measurement and control mechanism; The frame is provided with a fixing hole and a mounting hole, the fixing hole extends in a vertical direction, the anchor rod to be tested is vertically passed through the fixing hole, and the mounting hole is spaced apart from the fixing hole; The lifting mechanism is installed on the frame, and the lifting mechanism includes a driving member, a pulley and a wire rope, the driving member is provided with a driving end, the pulley rotates around a rotating shaft relative to the frame, the rotating shaft is arranged perpendicular to the vertical direction, one end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the driving end, and the other end of the wire rope is wound around the pulley and extends into the mounting hole; The impact mechanism comprises an electromagnet and an impact piece, the impact piece is attracted or separated from the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected to an end of the steel wire rope away from the driving end; The measurement and control mechanism comprises a data acquisition platform, which comprises an infrared thermal imager and a laser displacement sensor. The anchor rod to be measured is located within the acquisition range of the infrared thermal imager and the laser displacement sensor.

2. The anchor impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the mounting holes is multiple, and the number of the lifting mechanisms is the same as the number of the mounting holes and corresponds one to one, wherein the fixed ends of the multiple steel ropes are arranged in a circular array on the electromagnet.

3. The anchor impact testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a level meter, which is installed on the electromagnet.

4. The anchor impact testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The frame comprises a base, a top seat and two columns, each of the columns is supported between the base and the top seat respectively, the top seat is provided with the fixing hole and the mounting hole, and the pulley is installed on the top seat.

5. The anchor impact testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the columns includes a first column and a second column, the first column is fixedly connected to the base, the second column is slidably disposed on the first column, and the second column is fixedly connected to the top seat.

6. The anchor impact testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame further comprises a height scale, which is arranged on at least one of the columns along the height direction, and a starting scale of the height scale is located at one end of the column close to the top seat.

7. The anchor impact testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer mechanism, which is installed on the frame and located below the anchor rod to be tested.

8. The anchor impact testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The measurement and control mechanism comprises a control platform, and the control platform is electrically connected to the driving member and the electromagnet respectively.

9. The anchor impact testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The measurement and control mechanism also includes a display platform, and the display platform is electrically connected to the data acquisition platform.

10. An anchor impact test method, characterized in that: Based on the anchor impact testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the anchor impact testing method comprises: The rod body of the anchor rod to be tested is vertically inserted into the fixing hole, and the upper end of the anchor rod to be tested is fixed on the frame; The control electromagnet is energized, and the impact piece is attracted to the electromagnet; Starting the driving member, the driving member drives the steel wire rope to move on the pulley, and after the electromagnet and the impact member are raised to a preset height, the driving member is stopped; The electromagnet is controlled to be powered off, the impact piece is separated from the electromagnet, and the impact piece falls down under the action of gravity to impact the tray of the anchor rod to be tested; The infrared thermal imager collects the temperature change of the anchor rod to be measured, and the laser displacement sensor collects the deformation of the anchor rod to be measured; Reversely start the driving member, the driving member drives the steel wire rope to move in the reverse direction on the pulley, and lowers the electromagnet to the position of the impact member; Controlling the electromagnet to be energized, so that the impact member and the electromagnet are attracted again; The driving member is restarted, and the driving member drives the steel wire rope to move on the pulley, and after the electromagnet and the impact member are raised to a preset height, the driving member is stopped.

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