Brinell hardness block marking method and indentation measuring method

Abstract

The application discloses a Brinell hardness block marking method and an indentation measuring method, and comprises the following steps: planning and calculating the maximum available points, planning is performed by taking the indentation diameter as d and the Brinell hardness block diameter as D, each indentation occupies an area with a diameter of 3d, n indentation occupied areas are arranged along a preset radial direction, the number of indentation occupied areas arranged in parallel on both sides of the preset radial direction decreases successively, the number of placed columns is (n-1) / 2, and the decreasing number of columns away from the central column compared with the central column is 1; available points are marked in sections, the center of the available area is marked according to the number and position of the maximum available points calculated in step S1. The marking method firstly plans the number of indentation occupied areas in the radial direction passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block, then calculates the number of columns on both sides of the central column based on the number and calculates the number of each column in a decreasing manner, and finally obtains the number and position of the maximum available points on the Brinell hardness block of the specification, so that the calculation and operation are simple and the cost is greatly saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of Brinell hardness tester measurement and detection technology, and in particular to a Brinell hardness block marking method. In addition, the present invention also relates to an indentation measurement method including the Brinell hardness block marking method. Background Art

[0002] The Brinell hardness test is a test method with the largest indentation among all hardness tests. It can reflect the comprehensive properties of the material and is not affected by the microscopic segregation of the sample structure and the uneven composition. It is a hardness test method with higher precision.

[0003] A Brinell hardness block is a reference material used for the verification / calibration of Brinell hardness testers. According to JJG 150-2005, Verification Procedure for Metal Brinell Hardness Testers, the distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations on a Brinell hardness block should be no less than three times the indentation diameter; and the distance from the indentation center to the edge of the reference block should be no less than 2.5 times the indentation diameter.

[0004] Indentations spaced too closely together can affect each other, causing deviations in hardness values. The lack of indications on the hardness test block surface can lead users to overlook the requirements for indentation spacing and the distance between the indentations and the edge of the test block. Furthermore, a lack of measurement tools and methods makes it difficult to measure the spacing between indentations and the distance between the indentations and the edge of the test block.

[0005] In the prior art, measurement is mainly achieved by further improving the Brinell hardness tester equipment through auxiliary devices. For example, the technical solution of Patent No. 202311594302.1 discloses a fully automatic standard Brinell hardness machine and its displacement method. By setting up an indentation detection device, building a camera and a displacement mechanism to collect information at multiple points for comparison and judgment of the indentation position, and then determine whether it meets the requirements. Its structure and system are relatively complex, and the construction cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a Brinell hardness block marking method and an indentation measurement method to solve the technical problems in the prior art of Brinell hardness block indentation spacing and indentation and hardness block edge measurement being cumbersome and difficult to measure.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a Brinell hardness block marking method, comprising:

[0008] S1. Plan and calculate the maximum available points, using an indentation diameter of d and a Brinell hardness test block diameter of D. Each indentation area has a diameter of 3d. n indentation areas are laid out along a predetermined radial direction. Indentation areas are laid out in parallel on both sides of the predetermined radial direction in descending order. The number of columns is (n-1) / 2, with the number of columns farther from the center decreasing by 1 compared to the columns closer to the center.

[0009] S2. Marking the available point partition, marking the center of the available area according to the maximum available point number and position planning calculated in step S1.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S1 comprises:

[0011] Planning the number of preset radially arranged indentation occupied areas with n=(D-4d) / 3d.

[0012] On the other hand, a method for indentation measurement is also provided, which applies the Brinell hardness block marking method described above, and the method for indentation measurement comprises:

[0013] A1. Selecting an available point for hardness test;

[0014] A2. Indentation spacing measurement;

[0015] A3. Indentation and Brinell hardness block edge spacing measurement.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step A2 comprises:

[0017] A21. Calculating the average indentation diameter a;

[0018] A22. Measuring the spacing between adjacent indentations, if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a, the indentation spacing is qualified, if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go back to step A1 to perform hardness test again.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step A3 comprises:

[0020] Measuring the spacing between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block, if the shortest distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block is ≥2a, the indentation spacing is qualified, if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go back to step A1 to perform hardness test again.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the method for indentation measurement further comprises:

[0022] Using a full circle gauge to measure the indentation spacing and the spacing between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the Brinell hardness block is provided with a preset specification of grid-shaped markings on the surface before use.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step A2 further comprises:

[0025] Judging whether the spacing is qualified according to the number of grids between the indentations to be measured;

[0026] Step A3 further comprises:

[0027] According to the number of grids of the indentation to be measured and the edge of the Brinell hardness block, whether it is qualified is determined.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the specification of the grid-shaped mark is 0.5mm*0.5mm or 1mm*1mm or 2mm*2mm.

[0029] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the grid-shaped mark is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block by laser marking or oil printing.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for measuring indentation is also provided, which comprises the above Brinell hardness block marking method.

[0031] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The marking method first plans the maximum indentation occupied area number in the radial line passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block according to the indentation diameter, the Brinell hardness block diameter and the indentation occupied area diameter, then calculates the number of columns that can be planned on both sides of the center column based on the number of the maximum indentation occupied area in the direction and calculates the number of each column in a decreasing manner to complete the planning of the available points, and finally obtains the number and position of the maximum available points on the Brinell hardness block of the specification. The overall calculation and operation of the method is simple, which greatly saves the cost. On the other hand, the available points planned by the above steps are marked by partition, and the center of the available area is marked. When used, the hardness test can be performed by finding the center of each point, which effectively realizes the maximum utilization of the Brinell hardness block, and further effectively reduces the material cost and greatly improves the work efficiency.

[0033] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments of the present application illustrated in the drawings and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the Brinell hardness block of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the partition planning method of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the partition planning method of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of indentation spacing measurement unqualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of indentation spacing measurement qualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of indentation and hardness block edge distance measurement unqualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of indentation and hardness block edge distance measurement qualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered by the following.

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Brinell hardness block of embodiment one of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the zoning planning method of embodiment one of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the zoning of the Brinell hardness block of embodiment one of the present application Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of indentation spacing measurement unqualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of indentation spacing measurement qualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of indentation and hardness block edge distance measurement unqualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of indentation and hardness block edge distance measurement qualified of the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0044] As shown in Figures 4 to 7 , the Brinell hardness block marking method of the present embodiment comprises:

[0045] S1. Planning and calculating the maximum available points, planning with indentation diameter d and Brinell hardness block diameter D, each indentation occupying an area with a diameter of 3d, n indentation occupying areas are arranged along a preset radial direction, indentation occupying areas with decreasing numbers are arranged in parallel on both sides of the preset radial direction, the number of placement columns is (n-1) / 2, and the decreasing number of columns away from the center compared to the columns close to the center is 1; it should be understood that n is the maximum number of indentation occupying areas that can be arranged on the preset radial direction of the Brinell hardness block;

[0046] S2. Marking the available points, marking the center of the available area according to the maximum number and position of the available points calculated in step S1.

[0047] wherein the preset radial direction is any radial line passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block;

[0048] It can be understood that the marking method first plans the maximum number of indentation occupied areas along the radial line passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block in the direction, then calculates the number of plannable columns on both sides of the center column based on the number of maximum indentation occupied areas in the direction, and calculates the number of each column in a decreasing manner to complete the planning of available points, and finally obtains the number and position of the maximum available points on the Brinell hardness block of the specification. The overall calculation and operation of the method is simple, which greatly saves the cost. On the other hand, by marking the available points planned through the above steps, and marking the center of the available area, the hardness test can be performed only by finding the center of each point during use, which effectively realizes the maximum utilization of the Brinell hardness block, and further effectively reduces the material cost and greatly improves the work efficiency.

[0049] In this embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0050] The number of indentation occupied areas planned in the preset radial direction is n=(D-4d) / 3d.

[0051] It should be noted that the Brinell hardness block is divided into a hole block and a non-hole block, but whether it is a hole block or a non-hole block, the center area of the Brinell hardness block cannot be used. Based on the calculation requirement of the planning column number and the principle that the center area cannot be used, the number of indentation occupied areas of the center column is planned by n=(D-4d) / 3d, n takes the maximum integer and takes an odd number, so that the maximum number of indentation occupied areas can be planned in different application scenarios by using the method.

[0052] The indentation measurement method of the embodiment applies the Brinell hardness block marking method described above, and the indentation measurement method includes:

[0053] A1. Selecting an available point for hardness testing; wherein the hardness test is implemented by referring to the hardness test of the prior art, and the hardness test is not described in detail in this embodiment;

[0054] A2. Indentation spacing measurement; that is, whether the indentation spacing meets the requirements is determined by measuring the indentation spacing;

[0055] Specifically, step A2 includes:

[0056] A21. Calculating the average indentation diameter a;

[0057] A22. Measuring the spacing between adjacent indentations. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go back to step A1 to perform hardness test again;

[0058] It should be noted that the indentation spacing meets the requirements when the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a. Figure 4 and Figure 5, combined with the requirements of the regulations, the distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations should not be less than 3 times the indentation diameter d, that is, the distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations should not be less than 3d, but since the distance cannot be directly measured, the embodiment is measured by measuring the shortest distance between the tangent points of adjacent indentations, that is, the shortest distance between the tangent points of adjacent indentations should not be less than 2d, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 During the measurement process, first, the value of 2a is calculated according to the actual average indentation diameter a, and then the distance between adjacent indentations is measured. If the measured distance between adjacent indentations is greater than the required minimum distance, the indentation spacing meets the requirements, otherwise, the indentation spacing does not meet the requirements, and another point should be selected for re-hardness testing;

[0059] A3. Measurement of the distance between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

[0060] Specifically, step A3 includes:

[0061] The distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block is measured. If the shortest distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block is ≥ 2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements, and if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is < 2a, another available point is selected and the hardness test is restarted at step A1.

[0062] It can be understood that the distance between the center of the indentation and the edge of the hardness block should not be less than 2.5 times the indentation diameter, that is, 2.5d. This distance cannot be directly measured, so the shortest distance between the indentation and the edge is measured, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 Similarly, 2a is calculated according to the average indentation diameter before measurement, that is, the distance between the indentation and the edge should not be less than 2a. If the distance is greater than the required minimum distance, the distance between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block meets the requirements, otherwise it does not meet the requirements, and another point should be selected for re-hardness testing. The embodiment realizes the measurement of whether the indentation spacing and the indentation edge spacing of the Brinell hardness block meet the requirements based on the planning of the indentation available points and the conversion of the measurement reference, greatly simplifying the operation, reducing the work intensity, improving the work efficiency, and the measurement method is realized based on the improvement of the Brinell hardness block, without the need to improve the Brinell hardness equipment, without the need to rely on auxiliary equipment, image recognition system, etc. to realize, and the application and popularization cost is lower.

[0063] In the embodiment, the indentation measurement method further includes:

[0064] The full circle ruler is used to measure the indentation spacing and the distance between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

[0065] Common Brinell hardness block indentation diameter is between 0.6mm-6.0mm, in order to adapt to the indentation spacing measurement of most Brinell hardness block, this embodiment adopts full circle ruler to measure, as long as two adjacent indentations and the corresponding diameter circle do not intersect, it is regarded as the indentation spacing meets the requirements, the full circle ruler covering the indentation spacing measurement range is selected, all Brinell hardness blocks are measured by one ruler, the operation is convenient, and the work efficiency is improved.

[0066] In an embodiment, the Brinell hardness block is provided with a preset specification grid-shaped mark on the surface before use, wherein the grid-shaped mark is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block by laser marking or oil printing; when the Brinell hardness block is used, whether the spacing meets the requirements can be judged by the number of grids occupied by the current indentation and the number of grids of the indentation interval;

[0067] Wherein, the specification of the grid-shaped mark is 0.5mm*0.5mm or 1mm*1mm or 2mm*2mm, preferably 1mm*1mm, so that the spacing is quickly judged to be qualified or not without calculation, and the work efficiency is improved;

[0068] Specifically, step A2 further comprises:

[0069] According to the number of grids between the indentations to be measured to judge whether the spacing is qualified; in some cases, the spacing between the indentations can be quickly and intuitively judged by the number of grids between the indentations, without the need to borrow measuring tools for measurement, further simplifying the operation and improving the work efficiency.

[0070] Step A3 further comprises:

[0071] According to the number of grids between the indentations to be measured to judge whether the spacing is qualified; in some cases, the spacing between the indentations can be quickly and intuitively judged by the number of grids between the indentations, without the need to borrow measuring tools for measurement, further simplifying the operation and improving the work efficiency.

[0072] Embodiment one

[0073] In this embodiment, reference is made to Figures 1 to 3 The commonly used Brinell hardness block is used, and the specification is Φ90*Φ12*18, which respectively refers to the outer diameter, inner diameter and thickness; wherein the Brinell hardness block is divided into hole block and non-hole block, and the central region cannot be used whether it is hole block or non-hole block.

[0074] In this embodiment, reference is made to Figures 1 to 3, assuming that the indentation diameter is d, planning is performed with the indentation diameter d and the Brinell hardness block diameter D, each indentation occupies an area with a diameter of 3d, n indentation occupying areas are arranged along a preset radial direction, the number of the indentation occupying areas arranged in the preset radial direction is planned as n=(D-4d) / 3d, the indentation occupying areas arranged in the preset radial direction are arranged in parallel on both sides in a decreasing manner, the number of the placed columns is (n-1) / 2, and the decreasing number of the column far away from the center compared to the column close to the center is 1.

[0075] Then the total number of small circles can be n+2(n-1)+2(n-2)+...

[0076] Taking a hardness block with an indentation diameter d=4.5mm as an example, it is known that D=90mm, and then:

[0077] The radial direction through the center can place n=(D-4d) / 3d, that is, n=(90-18) / 15=5

[0078] Two sides can also place a total of (n-1) / 2=2 columns

[0079] The total number of indentations that can be punched is 5+2*4+2*3=19.

[0080] Reference Figures 1 to 3 Before the hardness block is put into use, the number of indentations that can be punched for each new hardness block can be calculated according to the standard indentation diameter given in the Brinell hardness block traceability certificate, and the center of each available area is marked, so that, when used, only the unused area needs to be aligned for the experiment, effectively avoiding the problem that the indentation distance is too close and the indentation distance from the edge does not meet the requirements, and the use is simple and intuitive; at the same time, the maximum number of times that each hardness block can be used is clear, which saves cost and reduces material loss.

[0081] On the other hand, in order to facilitate operation, the indentation spacing and the indentation distance from the edge requirement can be made into a table, and the user can check the table when using, if the hardness block indentation diameter cannot be found in the table, the reference to the adjacent point is adopted, based on the principle of not being high but being low, to ensure that the spacing meets the requirements.

[0082] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0083] In the description of the application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of marking a Brinell hardness block, characterized by, Comprise: S1. Planning and calculating the maximum available points, planning with indentation diameter d and Brinell hardness block diameter D, each indentation occupies an area with a diameter of 3d, n indentation occupying areas are arranged along the preset radial direction, the number of indentation occupying areas arranged on both sides of the preset radial direction decreases successively, the number of placement columns is (n-1) / 2, and the number of indentation occupying areas arranged away from the central column decreases by 1 compared to the number of indentation occupying areas arranged close to the central column; S2. Marking the available points, marking the center of the available area according to the number and position of the maximum available points calculated in step S1.

2. The Brinell hardness block marking method of claim 1, wherein, Step S1 comprises: Planning the number of indentation occupying areas arranged along the preset radial direction with n=(D-4d) / 3d.

3. A method of indentation measurement, characterized by, The indentation measuring method comprises: A1. Selecting available points for hardness testing; A2. Measuring the indentation spacing; A3. Measuring the spacing between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

4. The indentation measurement method according to claim 3, characterized by, Step A2 comprises: A21. Calculating the average indentation diameter a; A22. Measuring the spacing between adjacent indentations, if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements, if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go back to step A1 to retest the hardness.

5. The indentation measurement method according to claim 4, characterized by, Step A3 comprises: Measuring the spacing between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block, if the shortest distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block is ≥2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements, if the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go back to step A1 to retest the hardness.

6. The indentation measurement method according to claim 3, characterized by, The indentation measuring method further comprises: Using a full circle ruler to measure the indentation spacing and the spacing between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

7. The indentation measurement method according to claim 3, characterized by, The Brinell hardness block is provided with a grid-shaped mark of a preset specification on the surface before use.

8. The indentation measurement method according to claim 7, characterized by, Step A2 further comprises: Judging whether the spacing is qualified according to the number of grids between the indentations to be measured; Step A3 further comprises: Judging whether it is qualified according to the number of grids between the indentation to be measured and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

9. The indentation measurement method according to claim 8, characterized by, The specification of the grid-shaped mark is 0.5mm*0.5mm or 1mm*1mm or 2mm*2mm.

10. The indentation measurement method according to claim 7, characterized by, The grid-shaped mark is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block by laser marking or oil printing.

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