Test device and method for simulating ocean fine-grained soil deposition

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a test device and method for simulating ocean fine-grained soil deposition, and the device is characterized in that a lifting platform can ascend and descend along a main body of a supporting part; the sand discharging box can move back and forth on the main body of the supporting component in the horizontal direction along with the back-and-forth platform, namely, the device can adjust the sand discharging height and the horizontal moving speed, fine-grained soil can be evenly scattered to the simulation bin by moving sand in the horizontal direction, and meanwhile the flow of the fine-grained soil is controlled to flow out through the flow limiting component. And uneven density distribution of a sedimentary layer caused by sand accumulation in a local area is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of experiments for simulating marine fine-grained soil deposition, and in particular to an experimental device and method for simulating marine fine-grained soil deposition. Background Art

[0002] Marine fine-grained soil (such as marine clay) refers to sediments with a particle size of less than 0.25 mm, mainly including mud and clay. Its particle size is between sand and clay.

[0003] The natural water content of marine fine-grained soil is usually higher than the liquid limit (39%-175%), and the porosity is high (about 1.8), which makes it in a flowing or soft plastic state. The low permeability (close to impermeable layer) and thixotropy (enhanced cohesion when under pressure) of this type of soil make its consolidation speed extremely slow, which may cause foundation settlement or instability problems in engineering. The basic principle and purpose of the simulation sedimentation test is to simulate the sedimentation process by physical or numerical methods to study the formation, distribution and characteristics of sediments.

[0004] In marine engineering, its application scenarios include the protection of submarine pipelines and facilities, land reclamation projects, coastal protection, and marine resource development. The sedimentation characteristics of marine fine-grained soil directly affect the stability of the soil. Failure to conduct simulated sedimentation tests may lead to insufficient assessment of engineering safety, environmental impact, geological disaster risks, etc., thereby increasing engineering risks.

[0005] However, in the existing technology, the sedimentation uniformity and controllability of marine fine-grained soil deposition simulation are insufficient, and fixed sand outlets are mostly used, which cannot adjust the sand outlet height and horizontal movement speed. Fixed sand outlets cause sand to accumulate in local areas, and the density distribution of the sediment layer is uneven. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device and method, wherein a lifting platform can rise and fall along the main body of a supporting component; a sand discharge box can follow the reciprocating platform to make horizontal reciprocating movements on the main body of the supporting component, that is, the device can adjust the sand discharge height and the horizontal movement speed, and the horizontal movement of the sand discharge can evenly distribute the fine-grained soil to the simulation bin, while controlling the outflow of fine-grained soil through a flow-limiting component, thereby effectively preventing sand and soil from accumulating in local areas and causing uneven density distribution of the sediment layer.

[0007] A simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device according to an embodiment of the present application comprises:

[0008] A supporting component, the supporting component comprising a lifting platform movably arranged on a main body of the supporting component and a reciprocating platform movably arranged on the lifting platform; the lifting platform can rise and fall along the main body of the supporting component; the reciprocating platform can make a reciprocating movement in a horizontal direction on the lifting platform;

[0009] A sand material box detachably arranged on the reciprocating platform, wherein a sand outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sand material box;

[0010] A flow limiting component, the flow limiting component is detachably arranged at the sand outlet, the flow limiting component comprises a flow guiding cavity arranged at the middle part of the main body of the flow limiting component and a flow guiding port arranged at one side of the flow guiding cavity, the sand outlet is connected to the flow guiding cavity, and the position of the flow guiding port is higher than the sand outlet;

[0011] The simulation chamber comprises a chamber body with a top opening and a filter assembly arranged in the middle of the chamber body; the top surface of the filter assembly can filter fine-grained soil so that the fine-grained soil forms a deposit; the reciprocating stroke of the drainage port is adapted to the top opening of the chamber body, and the fine-grained soil dropped from the drainage port can drop into the simulation chamber; a valve connection port is arranged at the bottom of the chamber body;

[0012] A negative pressure component, wherein the output end of the negative pressure component is connected to the valve connection port; the valve connection port can discharge the liquid in the simulation chamber so that the negative pressure component can evacuate the bottom of the simulation chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow limiting component includes a flow limiting component and a position limiting component, the top of the flow limiting component is provided with a notch connected to the diversion cavity; travel grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the flow limiting component, the sand outlet can be inserted into the diversion cavity through the notch, and at least a part of the position limiting component can pass through the travel groove and be detachably connected to the side wall of the sand outlet; the distance between the bottom of the diversion cavity and the sand outlet can be adjusted through the travel groove to adjust the flow rate of fine-grained soil, and the fine-grained soil overflowing from the diversion cavity can flow out from the drainage port.

[0014] Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support component also includes:

[0015] A lifting drive assembly, wherein the lifting drive assembly is arranged on the main body of the supporting component, an output end of the lifting drive assembly is connected to the lifting platform, and the lifting drive assembly can drive the lifting platform to rise and fall along the main body of the supporting component;

[0016] A reciprocating drive mechanism is arranged on the main body of the lifting platform; the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism is connected to the reciprocating platform, and the reciprocating drive mechanism can drive the reciprocating platform to move back and forth in the horizontal direction.

[0017] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sand discharge box includes a box body made of transparent material and a filter mesh body arranged in the middle of the box body; a continuously narrowing guide portion is arranged at the bottom of the box body, the guide portion is connected with the sand outlet, and the drainage port is installed with a rubber plug, and the rubber plug is used to seal the drainage port; a feed port is arranged at the top of the box body, and the filter mesh body can filter the fine-grained soil put into the feed port and discharge it from the drainage port.

[0018] Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support component includes a base plate located at the bottom of the main body of the support component; the bottom of the simulation chamber is detachably arranged on the top of the base plate;

[0019] The bin body includes a funnel portion arranged at the top opening of the bin body, and the bin body is made of a transparent material;

[0020] The edge of the filter assembly is sealed to the inner wall of the bin body.

[0021] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supporting component also includes a supporting frame, and slide rail portions are respectively arranged on both sides of the supporting frame; sliding connection portions adapted to the slide rail portions are respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting platform, and the sliding connection portions are connected to the slide rail portions; the lifting platform can slide up and down along the slide rail portions.

[0022] Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting drive assembly comprises: a rope winding shaft, the rope winding shaft being rotatably connected to the support frame;

[0023] A ratchet mechanism drivingly connected to the rope winding shaft; the ratchet mechanism rotates under the action of an external force and drives the rope winding shaft to rotate;

[0024] at least one pulley member, the top of the support frame being connected to the at least one pulley member;

[0025] At least one rope body, the at least one rope body is adapted to the at least one pulley member, and the at least one rope body can be wound around the at least one pulley member; one end of the at least one rope body is connected to the lifting platform, and the other end of the at least one rope body is fixedly connected to the rope winding shaft.

[0026] Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting platform includes at least two horizontal guide rails arranged on both sides of the top of the main body of the lifting platform; a hollow portion is arranged between the at least two horizontal guide rails;

[0027] The round trip platform includes:

[0028] A guide rail connecting portion is arranged at the bottom of the main body of the reciprocating platform, and the guide rail connecting portion is slidably connected to the at least two horizontal guide rails;

[0029] An installation window is arranged in the middle of the main body of the reciprocating platform, and the installation window corresponds to the position of the hollow part; the installation window is adapted to the sand material box, and the sand material box is detachably arranged on the installation window.

[0030] Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal reciprocating drive mechanism comprises:

[0031] Electric drive components;

[0032] A first transmission member, one end of which is transmission-connected to an output end of the electric drive member;

[0033] A second transmission member, one end of the second transmission member is transmission-connected to the other end of the first transmission member, and the other end of the second transmission member is connected to the reciprocating platform or the sand material discharge box; the electric drive member can drive the second transmission member to pull the reciprocating platform or the sand material discharge box to move back and forth on the at least two horizontal guide rails when powered on.

[0034] A controller is electrically connected to the electric drive; the controller can output control information to the electric drive.

[0035] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a test method for implementing the above-mentioned simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device, the steps of which include:

[0036] Adjust the drainage ports of the simulation chamber and the flow-limiting component to the specified height;

[0037] The simulation chamber is loaded with seawater that does not pass the specified height of the filter assembly, which is the initial seawater height to simulate the seabed environment;

[0038] The sand outlet box adopts a sand outlet with a specified width, and the sand outlet and the bottom of the diversion cavity are adjusted to a specified distance, and a certain amount of fine-grained soil is loaded into the sand outlet box;

[0039] The rubber plug of the drainage port is opened, and the reciprocating platform is controlled to move at a specified speed at the initial position of the lifting platform, and the fine-grained soil begins to fall; when the fine-grained soil falls to the surface of the seawater, it is impacted, scattered and arranged in the seawater, and then deposited on the filter assembly;

[0040] When the specified amount of fine-grained soil is deposited, the valve connection port is opened to drain the seawater at the bottom of the simulation chamber, and then the valve connection port is connected through the negative pressure component to perform vacuum preloading consolidation on the fine-grained soil after drainage and consolidation.

[0041] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sand outlet of the simulation chamber and the sand outlet box are adjusted to a specified height range of 50 to 100 cm; the stroke range of the stroke groove includes 0.1 cm-5 cm; the width range of the sand outlet includes 5 to 20 mm; the specified speed range of the reciprocating platform includes 1 to 5 cm / s.

[0042] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, as fine-grained soil is continuously deposited during the test, seawater is replenished into the simulation chamber to maintain the height between the fine-grained soil deposition surface and the seawater surface roughly consistent with the initial seawater height.

[0043] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fine-grained soil adopts natural sand with a particle size of less than 0.25 mm. The sand sample needs to be dried to constant weight before screening, and each batch of sand samples needs to be retained as a backup and marked with numbers.

[0044] Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dried sand sample is added to seawater at a mass ratio of 1:4, and stirred at 200 rpm by a stirrer for 10 to 15 minutes until the sample is in a homogeneous fluid state.

[0045] The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device and method of the present invention have a lifting platform that can rise and fall along the main body of the supporting component; the sand discharge box can follow the reciprocating platform to make horizontal reciprocating movements on the main body of the supporting component, that is, the device can adjust the sand discharge height and the horizontal movement speed. The horizontal sand discharge can evenly distribute the fine-grained soil to the simulation bin, and at the same time, the flow rate of the fine-grained soil is controlled to flow out through the flow limiting component, effectively avoiding the accumulation of sand and soil in local areas and uneven density distribution of the sediment layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 2 A side structural schematic diagram of the lifting platform and the reciprocating platform provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting platform and the reciprocating platform provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 4 Another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the lifting platform and the reciprocating platform provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the current limiting component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A is a partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0053] Figure 7 It is a simulation warehouse in the embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another test device for simulating marine coarse-grained soil deposition in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] 1-support component, 11-lifting platform, 11a-sliding connection part, 11b-hollow part, 111-horizontal guide rail, 112, 12-reciprocating platform, 12a-guide rail connection part, 121-installation window, 122-connecting rod, 123-U-bolt, 13-lifting drive assembly, 131-support frame, 131a-slide rail part, 1311-transverse connecting beam, 1312-base plate, 132-rope winding shaft, 133-ratchet mechanism, 134-pulley part, 14-reciprocating drive mechanism, 141-electric drive part, 142-first transmission part, 143-second transmission part, 144-controller.

[0057] 2-sand material box, 21-sand outlet, 211-rubber plug, 22-folding ear part, 23-box body, 231-flow guide part, 232-feeding port, 24-filter screen body.

[0058] 3-simulation chamber, 31-chamber body, 311-valve connection port, 312-funnel part, 32-filtration assembly.

[0059] 4-Negative pressure components.

[0060] 5-flow limiting component, 51-flow guiding cavity, 52-flow guiding port, 521-inclined plate, 53-flow limiting component, 531-notch, 532-travel groove, 533-scale part, 54-limiting component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0063] It should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0066] Example

[0067] This embodiment is intended to promote the solution of the lack of uniformity and controllability of sedimentation simulation of marine fine-grained soil in the prior art, which mostly adopts a fixed sand outlet and cannot adjust the sand outlet height and horizontal movement speed. The fixed sand outlet causes sand to accumulate in a local area and the density distribution of the sediment layer is uneven.

[0068] Reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device and method, wherein the lifting platform 11 can rise and fall along the main body of the support component 1; the sand discharge box 2 can follow the reciprocating platform 12 to make horizontal reciprocating movements on the main body of the support component 1, that is, the device can adjust the sand discharge height and the horizontal movement speed of the drainage port, and the horizontal sand discharge can evenly distribute the fine-grained soil to the simulation chamber 3, and at the same time, the fine-grained soil flow rate can be controlled to flow out through the flow limiting component, effectively avoiding the accumulation of sand and soil in local areas, resulting in uneven density distribution of the sediment layer.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device includes a support component 1, a sand material box 2, a simulation chamber 3, a negative pressure component 4 and a flow limiting component 5.

[0070] Among them, the support component 1 includes a lifting platform 11 movably arranged on the main body of the support component 1 and a reciprocating platform 12 movably arranged on the lifting platform 11. The lifting platform 11 can rise and fall along the main body of the support component 1; the reciprocating platform 12 can make horizontal reciprocating movements on the lifting platform 11. In some embodiments, the support component 1 also includes a lifting drive component 13 and a reciprocating drive mechanism 14. Among them, the lifting drive component 13 is arranged on the main body of the support component 1, and the output end of the lifting drive component 13 is connected to the lifting platform 11, and the lifting drive component 13 can drive the lifting platform 11 to rise and fall along the main body of the support component 1. Exemplarily, the lifting drive component 13 can adopt an existing fully automatic module, such as a linear slide, a ball screw linear transmission mechanism. Refer to Figure 1As shown, the lifting drive assembly 13 can also be a manual module. Exemplarily, the lifting drive assembly 13 includes a support frame 131, a rope shaft 132, a ratchet mechanism 133 connected to the rope shaft 132, at least one pulley 134 and at least one rope body 135. Among them, the two sides of the support frame 131 are respectively provided with a slide rail portion 131a; the two sides of the lifting platform 11 are respectively provided with a sliding connection portion 11a adapted to the slide rail portion 131a, and the sliding connection portion 11a is connected to the slide rail portion 131a; the lifting platform 11 can slide up and down along the slide rail portion 131a. Exemplarily, the support frame 131 can be a vertical column of an aluminum alloy profile, with a transverse connecting beam 1311 on the top and a detachable base plate 1312 at the bottom, such as one end of the base plate 1312 is connected to the bottom of the support frame 131 through a rotating shaft (not shown in the figure), and the other end vertically passes through the base plate 1312 through a screw, one end of the screw abuts against the ground, and the screw is rotated to adjust the height between the other end of the base plate 1312 and the ground, thereby adjusting the horizontality of the simulation chamber 3; at the same time, the entire simulation chamber 3 can also be adjusted to be in an inclined state to simulate the deposition of fine-grained soil on the seabed under a seabed slope environment. The four corners of the lifting platform 11 are respectively provided with sliding connection parts 11a, which can be a slider, and the slide rail part 131a can be a linear slide rail arranged in the vertical direction, the slide rail part 131a is located on the inner side, and the sliding connection part 11a is located on the outer side, and the sliding connection part 11a abuts on the slide rail part 131a.

[0071] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the rope-winding shaft 132 is rotatably connected to the support frame 131. Exemplarily, the support frame 131 is provided with a bearing seat that is compatible with the rope-winding shaft 132. A bearing seat extends from one end of the rope-winding shaft 132 and is connected to the rotation center of the ratchet mechanism 133 outside the bearing seat. The user turns the ratchet mechanism 133 by a handle, and the ratchet mechanism 133 converts the continuous rotation or reciprocating motion into a unidirectional stepping motion, and drives the rope-winding shaft 132 to rotate. That is, each ratchet wheel tooth of the ratchet mechanism 133 corresponds to a rising height or a falling height, which is used to engrave the variable of the rising height or the falling height of the drainage port 52. In some embodiments, in order to more accurately measure the height of the drainage port 52 corresponding to the simulation bin 3, a laser rangefinder is provided on one side of the middle part of the sand material box 2 and fixed to one side of the middle part of the sand material box 2 by bolts.

[0072] Reference Figure 1As shown, further, the top of the support frame 131 is connected to at least one pulley 134; at least one rope 135 is adapted to the at least one pulley 134, and the at least one rope 135 can be wound around the at least one pulley 134; one end of the at least one rope 135 is connected to the lifting platform 11, and the other end of the at least one rope 135 is fixedly connected to the rope winding shaft 132. Exemplarily, the support frame 131 located above the top of the rope winding shaft 132 is provided with four pulleys 134, and two pulleys 134 are provided at the opposite ends of the support frame 131, wherein the pulley 134 can be an existing fixed pulley, and four ropes 135 are used, one end of which is respectively wound around the four pulleys 134 and then connected to the four corners of the lifting platform 11, and the other end is connected to the rope winding shaft 132.

[0073] Reference Figures 2 to 4As shown, the sand material box 2 is detachably arranged on the reciprocating platform 12, and a sand outlet 21 is arranged at the bottom of the sand material box 2; wherein, the reciprocating drive mechanism 14 is arranged on the lifting platform 11; the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 14 is connected to the reciprocating platform 12, and the reciprocating drive mechanism 14 can drive the reciprocating platform 12 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction. Further, the lifting platform 11 includes at least two horizontal guide rails 111 arranged on both sides of the top of the main body of the lifting platform 11; a hollow part 11b is arranged between at least two horizontal guide rails 111. Further, the reciprocating platform 12 includes: a guide rail connecting part 12a arranged at the bottom of the main body of the reciprocating platform 12 and an installation window 121 arranged in the middle of the main body of the reciprocating platform 12. Among them, the guide rail connection part 12a is slidably connected with at least two horizontal guide rails 111; the installation window 121 corresponds to the position of the hollow part 11b and is interconnected; the installation window 121 is adapted to the sand material box 2, and the sand material box 2 is detachably arranged on the installation window 121, and in some embodiments, the sand outlet 21 can extend to the hollow part 11b. Exemplarily, the reciprocating platform 12 can be a rectangular frame formed by square steel, and the guide rail connection part 12a can be a V-groove wheel, and four V-groove wheels are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular frame. The outer periphery of the sand material box 2 is evenly distributed with folding ears 22, and the folding ears 22 can be stuck to the top of the rectangular frame so that at least a part of the sand material box 2 can be inserted into the rectangular frame to form an enclosed fixation, wherein the folding ears 22 can be connected to the rectangular frame by bolts. In some embodiments, the sand material box 2 can be configured with a plurality of boxes 23 with different widths of the sand outlet 21, and the same width of the sand outlet 21 can also be provided with a plurality of identical spare boxes 23 for real-time replacement. In some embodiments, the horizontal reciprocating drive mechanism 14 includes: an electric drive 141, a first transmission member 142, a second transmission member 143 and a controller 144. Among them, one end of the first transmission member 142 is transmission-connected to the output end of the electric drive 141; one end of the second transmission member 143 is transmission-connected to the other end of the first transmission member 142, and the other end of the second transmission member 143 is connected to the reciprocating platform 12 or the sand material box 2; the electric drive 141 can drive the second transmission member 143 to pull the reciprocating platform 12 or the sand material box 2 to reciprocate on at least two horizontal guide rails 111 when powered on. The controller 144 is electrically connected to the electric drive 141; the controller 144 can output control information to the electric drive 141. Exemplarily, the electric drive member 141 can be a servo motor, the first transmission member 142 can be a first chain drive, and the second transmission member 143 can be a second chain drive, wherein the chain drive is an existing mechanism and is not described here in detail; in particular, a connecting rod 122 is fixedly provided at one end of the reciprocating platform 12, and at least one end of the connecting rod 122 is fixed in the chain gap of the chain drive by a U-bolt 123, and the servo motor is controlled by the controller 144 to drive the reciprocating platform 12 to reciprocate.Exemplarily, the controller 144 may be an existing microcontroller 144, and the microcontroller 144 may be configured with a control panel, such as a 7-inch touch screen (HMI), for parameter setting and status display. In some embodiments, the first transmission member 142 may be an eccentric rod, and the second transmission member 143 may be a rocker. The eccentric rod, the rocker, and the reciprocating platform 12 form a crank slider mechanism, and the electric drive member 141 may be a servo motor, which drives the eccentric rod to perform a circular motion to drive the distal end of the rocker to perform a displacement movement.

[0074] Reference Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the sand material box 2 includes a box body 23 of transparent material and a filter mesh body 24 arranged in the middle of the box body 23. The filter mesh aperture can pass fine-grained soil. The filter mesh body 24 is used to block large particles or debris to prevent them from falling into the simulation chamber 3. A continuously narrowing guide part 231 is provided at the bottom of the box body 23. The guide part 231 is connected to the sand outlet 21, wherein the drainage port 52 is installed with a rubber plug 211, and the rubber plug 211 is used to block the drainage port 52; the top of the box body 23 is provided with a feed port 232, and the filter mesh body 24 can filter the fine-grained soil put into the feed port 232 and discharge it from the drainage port 52. Exemplarily, the box body 23 adopts a transparent acrylic plate, and the guide part 231 connected to the sand outlet 21 can form a duckbill-shaped sand outlet 21; the filter mesh body 24 can adopt a stainless steel screen, which is welded in the middle of the box body 23. The rubber plug 211 is a plugging body made of rubber material, which is matched with the drainage port 52. Its elastic material can block the drainage port 52 and wait for the test to start before being pulled out.

[0075] Reference Figure 2 , 5As shown in Figure 6, the flow limiting component 5 is detachably arranged at the sand outlet 21, and the flow limiting component 5 includes a flow guiding cavity 51 arranged in the middle of the main body of the flow limiting component 5 and a drainage port 52 arranged on one side of the flow guiding cavity 51. The sand outlet 21 is connected to the flow guiding cavity 51, and the position of the drainage port 52 is higher than the sand outlet 21. Further, the flow limiting component 5 includes a flow limiting component 53 and a limiting component 54. The top of the flow limiting component 53 is provided with a notch 531 connected to the flow guiding cavity 51; the two sides of the flow limiting component 53 are respectively provided with a travel groove 532, and the sand outlet 21 can be inserted into the flow guiding cavity 51 through the notch 531, and at least a part of the limiting component 54 can pass through the travel groove 532 and be detachably connected to the side wall of the sand outlet 21; the distance between the bottom of the flow guiding cavity 51 and the sand outlet 21 can be adjusted through the travel groove 532 to limit the flow of fine-grained soil, and the fine-grained soil overflowing from the flow guiding cavity 51 can flow out from the drainage port 52. In some examples, an inclined plate 521 is provided on the outside of the drainage port 52, and the inclined plate 521 can tilt the fine-grained soil away from the main body of the flow-limiting component 5 to avoid overflow along its side wall, which causes the flow-limiting component 5 to adhere to fine-grained soil in many places, making it difficult to clean and manage. In some embodiments, a scale portion 533 for measuring the height adjustment is provided on one side of the surface where the stroke groove 532 is located, that is, the distance between the bottom of the diversion cavity 51 and the sand outlet 21 is judged by the scale portion 533, and the size of the flow opening is indirectly judged. Exemplarily, the limiter 54 can be an existing bolt, with the circular top of the bolt head as the adjustment point, the top of the scale portion 533 is marked as 0 scale, and the distance that the circular top of the bolt head moves downward is the distance between the bottom of the diversion cavity 51 and the sand outlet 21.

[0076] Reference Figure 7As shown, the simulation chamber 3 includes: a chamber body 31 with an opening at the top and a filter assembly 32 arranged in the middle of the chamber body 31. The top surface of the filter assembly 32 can filter fine-grained soil so that the fine-grained soil forms a sediment; the reciprocating stroke of the drainage port 52 is adapted to the top opening of the chamber body 31, and the fine-grained soil dropped from the drainage port 52 can fall into the simulation chamber 3; at least one valve connection port 311 is arranged at the bottom of the chamber body 31. Further, the support component 1 includes a base plate 1312 located at the bottom of the main body of the support component 1; the bottom of the simulation chamber 3 is detachably arranged on the top of the base plate 1312; the chamber body 31 includes a funnel portion 312 arranged at the top opening of the chamber body 31, and the chamber body 31 is made of a transparent material to facilitate the observation of fine-grained soil deposition; the edge of the filter assembly 32 is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the chamber body 31, and the aperture of the filter assembly 32 is smaller than the particle size of the coarse-grained soil. Exemplarily, the aperture of the filter assembly 32 can be 0.2 mm, which can effectively block the fine-grained soil and form deposition. Exemplarily, the simulation chamber 3 uses double-layer tempered glass, and the filter assembly 32 includes a bracket body, and the four edges and corners of the top of the bracket body are sealed with silicone, and the middle of the top of the bracket body is a stainless steel screen, the stainless steel screen has an aperture of 0.1 mm, a porosity of 40%, and no space is laid at the boundary; it can also be that the top of the bracket body is paved with geotextile, and the geotextile can filter fine-grained soil. In which, for example, at least one valve connection port 311 can be a one-way valve port, used to connect a water pump to add seawater to the simulation chamber 3, and used to add seawater before the test. A drainage valve port located at the bottom can be set to drain water after the sand is finished falling. An exhaust valve port can be set to connect the negative pressure component 4 to evacuate the bottom of the simulation chamber 3 after the water is drained from the chamber body. Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the pressure component 4 includes an air pump 41 and a transfer connection box 41; wherein, the transfer connection box 41 has a sealed cavity, an air outlet is arranged on the top, and an air inlet is arranged on the bottom, the air outlet is connected to the air pump 41, and the air inlet is connected to the valve connection port 311 through a pipeline; start the air pump 41, first perform negative pressure vacuum on the transfer connection box, and then vacuum the bottom of the simulation chamber.

[0077] Reference Figure 8As shown, the output end of the negative pressure component 4 is connected to at least one valve connection port 311; the valve connection port 311 can discharge the liquid in the simulation chamber 3, so that the negative pressure component 4 can vacuum the bottom of the simulation chamber 3. In some embodiments, it is also possible to cover the top opening of the simulation chamber with a cover plate, and then seal the edge joints with sealing glue or sealant, build a vacuum system for the simulation chamber 3, and then apply pressure through the negative pressure component 4. In some embodiments, after the sand falling step is completed, the seawater in the simulation chamber 3 is preliminarily emptied, permeable stone + geotextile is laid on the surface of the sand layer, covered with a vacuum film (PVC material, thickness 0.3mm), and the edges are sealed with silicone, and the vacuum system of the simulation chamber 3 is built and then pressure is applied through the negative pressure component 4.

[0078] This embodiment also provides a method for simulating marine fine-grained soil deposition test, the steps of which include: adjusting the drainage port 52 of the flow limiting component 5 of the simulation chamber 3 and the sand material box 2 to a specified height;

[0079] The simulation chamber 3 is loaded with seawater of a specified height that does not pass through the filter assembly 32, which is the initial seawater height, for simulating the seabed environment;

[0080] The sand outlet box 2 has a sand outlet 21 of a specified width, and the sand outlet 21 is adjusted to a specified distance from the bottom of the diversion cavity 51 to load a certain amount of fine-grained soil into the sand outlet box 2;

[0081] The rubber plug 211 of the drainage port 52 is opened, and the reciprocating platform 12 is controlled to start moving at a specified speed at the initial position of the lifting platform 11, and the fine-grained soil begins to fall; when the fine-grained soil falls to the surface of the sea water, it is impacted, scattered and arranged in the sea water, and then deposited on the filter assembly 32; when the specified amount of fine-grained soil is deposited, at least one valve connection port 311 is opened to drain the sea water at the bottom of the simulation chamber 3, and then at least one valve connection port 311 is connected through the negative pressure component 4 to perform vacuum pre-compression consolidation on the fine-grained soil after drainage and consolidation.

[0082] Among them, it should be supplemented that the drainage port 52 of the simulation chamber 3 and the flow limiting component 5 is adjusted to a specified height of 50 to 100 cm; the width of the sand outlet 21 is 5 to 20 mm; the stroke range of the stroke groove 532 is 0.1 cm-5 cm; and the specified speed of the reciprocating platform 12 is 1 to 5 cm / s.

[0083] It should be added that, during the test, as fine-grained soil is continuously deposited, seawater is added to the simulation chamber 3 to maintain the height between the fine-grained soil deposition surface and the seawater surface roughly consistent with the initial seawater height. In some embodiments, seawater can be added by connecting a pipe to a water pump, and the pipe is inserted into the water surface from the top along the corners of the simulation chamber 3 and slowly injected, wherein the height after the water is added needs to be controlled to be roughly consistent with the initial seawater height.

[0084] It should be added that the fine-grained soil uses natural sand with a particle size of less than 0.25mm. The sand sample needs to be dried to constant weight before screening. For example, the drying is carried out in a 105°C oven for 24 hours. Each batch of sand samples needs to be retained as a backup and marked with a number. Add the dried sand sample to seawater at a mass ratio of 1:4, and stir it with a mixer at 200rpm for 10 to 15 minutes until the sample is in a homogeneous flow plastic state (the cone instrument sinks to a depth of 10 to 15mm). The stirring temperature is 20±2°C (to avoid temperature affecting the flocculation structure). Pour the stirred silty fine-grained soil slowly into the automatic sand discharge box 2 through a funnel to avoid bubbles.

[0085] It should be added that the model bin is leveled using a high-precision tube level (accuracy 0.02 mm / m), and the level of the model bin is adjusted through the base plate 1312 to ensure that the bottom plate horizontal error is ≤ 0.1°. The model bin and the base plate 1312 can be fixed by rubber pads + bolts to avoid displacement caused by sand body impact during the test.

[0086] It should be added that the length of the drainage port 52 is compatible with the length of the simulation bin 3, wherein a funnel can be provided on the top of the simulation bin 3 to prevent fine soil from falling out. The distance between the sand outlet 21 and the diversion cavity 51 can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, etc.; a laser rangefinder is used to calibrate the free fall height of the sand particles, that is, the distance h (30cm, 50cm, 70cm, etc.) between the simulation bin and the drainage port 52 to ensure the consistency of the influence of gravity acceleration. Before spreading sand, the equipment needs to be run at no load for 5 minutes to eliminate mechanical vibration interference, and the amount of sand in the sand box 2 is kept constant (filling volume 80%) to avoid affecting the sand discharge rate due to changes in the material level.

[0087] It should be added that the methods of some embodiments:

[0088] Adjust the simulated chamber 3 and the drainage port 52 to a drop distance of h = 10 cm,

[0089] The simulation chamber 3 is filled with 321 cm of seawater that does not pass through the filter assembly, i.e. the water surface height is 1 cm, which is the initial seawater height, to simulate the seabed environment;

[0090] The distance between the sand outlet 21 and the diversion cavity 51 is d = 1 cm. The fine-grained soil is loaded into the sand outlet box 2. The sand outlet box 2 is 0.06 m wide. 3 The volume of the sand material box is 80% of the loading capacity, and the fine-grained soil is sufficient;

[0091] Open the rubber plug 211 of the drainage port 52, control the reciprocating platform 12 to start moving at the initial position of the lifting platform 11 at a sand discharge speed v=20 (mm / s), and fine-grained soil begins to fall; when the fine-grained soil falls to the surface of the seawater, it is impacted, scattered and arranged in the seawater, and then deposited on the filter assembly 32; when the specified amount (such as the amount of a box of sand material box 2) of fine-grained soil is deposited, when the bottom of the model warehouse and the sand layer are 10cm thick, open at least one valve connection port 311 to empty the seawater at the bottom of the simulation warehouse 3, let the sand layer stand, and use the ring knife method to take samples, using a standard ring knife (inner diameter 61.8mm, height 20mm, multiple sets of ring knives are pre-buried on the filter assembly 32 before the simulation warehouse is loaded with seawater), slowly take out and scrape the two ends. Weigh and calculate the wet density ρ0, where the wet soil mass is weighed (the accuracy of the electronic balance is 0.01g), and the ring knife number and position coordinates are recorded. Put the sealed bottom ring knife soil box into a constant temperature oven, adjust the temperature of the constant temperature oven to 110℃, and keep the sealed bottom ring knife soil box in the oven for no less than 6 hours until the sand in the ring knife is dried, then weigh and calculate the moisture content ω0 of the sand material, calculate the dry density of the model sample, and then calculate the relative density Dr (%) uniformity of the model sample, arrange multiple calibration boxes at different positions, and measure their density. Calibration box arrangement: 5 points in the four corners and the center of the model box, calculate the standard deviation to evaluate the uniformity.

[0092] Among them, dry density: (m d is the mass of dry soil, V is the volume of the cutter ring);

[0093] Relative density:

[0094] Furthermore, a vacuum preloading simulation is performed, and at least one valve connection port 311 is connected to the negative pressure component 4 to perform vacuum preloading consolidation on the fine-grained soil after drainage and consolidation. 3 / h vacuum pump pumping 0.5h soil relative density Dr (%) and 5.4m 3 / h vacuum pump is used to pump air for 2h to obtain the relative density Dr(%) of the soil. In summary, multiple groups of tests are conducted by controlling variables to obtain the density and physical and mechanical properties of the soil after drainage and consolidation. Finally, the physical and mechanical property indexes of the model seabed soil obtained by reshaping are compared with those of the real seabed soil. It should be noted that the relative density Dr(%) is calculated by sampling and testing by the ring knife method, which is an existing method and will not be repeated here.

[0095] The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above. The principle and implementation method of the present application are described in detail using specific examples herein, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating marine fine-grained soil deposition, characterized in that: include: A supporting component, the supporting component comprising a lifting platform movably arranged on a main body of the supporting component and a reciprocating platform movably arranged on the lifting platform; The lifting platform can rise and fall along the main body of the supporting component; the reciprocating platform can make a reciprocating movement in the horizontal direction on the lifting platform; A sand material box detachably arranged on the reciprocating platform, wherein a sand outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sand material box; A flow limiting component, the flow limiting component is detachably arranged at the sand outlet, the flow limiting component comprises a flow guiding cavity arranged at the middle part of the main body of the flow limiting component and a flow guiding port arranged at one side of the flow guiding cavity, the sand outlet is connected to the flow guiding cavity, and the position of the flow guiding port is higher than the sand outlet; The simulation chamber comprises a chamber body with a top opening and a filter assembly arranged in the middle of the chamber body; the top surface of the filter assembly can filter fine-grained soil so that the fine-grained soil forms a deposit; the reciprocating stroke of the drainage port is adapted to the top opening of the chamber body, and the fine-grained soil dropped from the drainage port can drop into the simulation chamber; a valve connection port is arranged at the bottom of the chamber body; A negative pressure component, wherein the output end of the negative pressure component is connected to the valve connection port; the valve connection port can discharge the liquid in the simulation chamber so that the negative pressure component can evacuate the bottom of the simulation chamber.

2. According to the simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device described in claim 1, the flow limiting component includes a flow limiting component and a position limiting component, and the top of the flow limiting component is provided with a notch connected to the diversion cavity; travel grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the flow limiting component, and the sand outlet can be inserted into the diversion cavity through the notch, and at least a part of the position limiting component can pass through the travel groove and be detachably connected to the side wall of the sand outlet; the distance between the bottom of the diversion cavity and the sand outlet can be adjusted through the travel groove to adjust the flow rate of fine-grained soil, and the fine-grained soil overflowing from the diversion cavity can flow out from the drainage port.

3. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support member further comprises: A lifting drive assembly, wherein the lifting drive assembly is arranged on the main body of the supporting component, an output end of the lifting drive assembly is connected to the lifting platform, and the lifting drive assembly can drive the lifting platform to rise and fall along the main body of the supporting component; A reciprocating drive mechanism is arranged on the main body of the lifting platform; the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism is connected to the reciprocating platform, and the reciprocating drive mechanism can drive the reciprocating platform to move back and forth in the horizontal direction.

4. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sand outlet box includes a box body made of transparent material and a filter mesh body arranged in the middle of the box body; a continuously narrowing guide part is arranged at the bottom of the box body, the guide part is connected with the sand outlet, and a rubber plug is installed at the drainage port, and the rubber plug is used to seal the drainage port; an inlet is arranged at the top of the box body.

5. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The support component further comprises a support frame, and two sides of the support frame are respectively provided with slide rail parts; Sliding connection parts adapted to the slide rail parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting platform, and the sliding connection parts are connected to the slide rail parts; the lifting platform can slide up and down along the slide rail parts.

6. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The lifting platform comprises at least two horizontal guide rails arranged on the top of the main body of the lifting platform; a hollow portion is arranged between the at least two horizontal guide rails; The round trip platform includes: A guide rail connecting portion is arranged at the bottom of the main body of the reciprocating platform, and the guide rail connecting portion is slidably connected to the at least two horizontal guide rails; An installation window is arranged in the middle of the main body of the reciprocating platform, and the installation window corresponds to the position of the hollow part; the installation window is adapted to the sand material box, and the sand material box is detachably arranged on the installation window.

7. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The horizontal reciprocating drive mechanism comprises: Electric drive components; A first transmission member, one end of which is transmission-connected to an output end of the electric drive member; A second transmission member, one end of the second transmission member is transmission-connected to the other end of the first transmission member, and the other end of the second transmission member is connected to the reciprocating platform or the sand material discharge box; the electric drive member can drive the second transmission member to pull the reciprocating platform or the sand material discharge box to move back and forth on the at least two horizontal guide rails when powered on. A controller is electrically connected to the electric drive; the controller can output control information to the electric drive.

8. A method for simulating marine fine-grained soil deposition test, characterized in that the steps include: Adjust the drainage ports of the simulation chamber and the flow-limiting component to the specified height; The simulation chamber is loaded with seawater that does not pass the specified height of the filter assembly, which is the initial seawater height to simulate the seabed environment; Loading a certain amount of fine-grained soil into the sand discharge box; The rubber plug of the drainage port is opened, and the reciprocating platform is controlled to move at a specified speed at the initial position of the lifting platform, and the fine-grained soil begins to fall; when the fine-grained soil falls to the surface of the seawater, it is impacted, scattered and arranged in the seawater, and then deposited on the filter assembly; When the fine-grained soil deposition is completed, the valve connection port is opened to drain the seawater at the bottom of the simulation chamber, and then the valve connection port is connected through the negative pressure component to perform vacuum pre-compression consolidation on the fine-grained soil after drainage and consolidation.

9. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drainage ports of the simulation chamber and the flow-limiting component are adjusted to a specified height range of 50 to 100 cm; the width range of the sand outlet includes 5 to 20 mm; the stroke range of the stroke groove includes 0.1 cm-5 cm; the specified speed range of the reciprocating platform includes 1 to 5 cm / s.

10. The simulated marine fine-grained soil deposition test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: As fine-grained soil continued to deposit during the test, seawater was replenished into the simulation chamber to maintain the height between the fine-grained soil deposition surface and the seawater surface roughly consistent with the initial seawater height.

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