Material aging failure prediction method and device under damp and hot and vibration conditions

Abstract

The invention provides a material aging failure prediction method and device under damp, hot and vibration conditions, and belongs to the technical field of composite material failure prediction.The material aging failure prediction method comprises the steps that aging parameters of a test piece and the relation between life characteristics of the test piece and time are obtained by building a material aging test system; a wet-heat-force three-physics field coupling test system is established, test data is more comprehensive, meanwhile, comparative analysis is conducted on the test data and an operation and maintenance database of a corresponding part, an optimal equivalent acceleration coefficient is obtained through an MSE optimization method, then the relation between the service life characteristics of the part in the actual service environment and time is obtained, and the test accuracy is improved. Failure prediction is carried out on part aging, the prediction accuracy is improved, finally, a plurality of parts in different environments are adopted in the MSE optimization method, and the universality of the environments is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material failure prediction, and in particular to a material aging failure prediction method and device under damp, hot and vibration conditions. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, composite materials have been widely used in aircraft structural design due to their advantages such as light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance, especially in engine nacelle components such as air inlets, fairings, thrust reversers and noise reduction linings.

[0003] As the aircraft age, the nacelle composite parts gradually show damage due to the harsh service environment (such as high temperature, high humidity, and vibration), and delamination occurs inside the composite material, which is difficult to detect when the area is small. For example, when the engine nacelle reverse thrust sliding door is damaged, the delamination area has expanded to exceed the manual maintenance standard, resulting in unplanned aircraft parking, replacement or repair of nacelle parts, and high maintenance costs, which seriously increases the operating costs of airlines. Most of the failure prediction methods for composite materials in the existing technology are aimed at a single wet and hot environment or a single fatigue life prediction. Failure prediction methods based on the coupling of the three physical fields of wet-heat-force, especially those simulating the service environment of the engine nacelle, have not been reported. At the same time, the existing technology has problems with universality for different batches of aircraft and different service environments and low prediction accuracy. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a failure prediction method for composite parts to achieve the transition from condition-based maintenance to predictive maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for predicting material aging failure under wet, hot and vibrating conditions. The invention obtains the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time by building a material aging test system, and establishes a test system for coupling the three physical fields of wet, hot and force. The test data is more comprehensive and at the same time, a comparative analysis is performed with the operation and maintenance database of the corresponding components, and the optimal equivalent acceleration factor is obtained through the MSE (Mean Squared Error) optimization method, and then the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the components in the actual service environment is obtained, and the failure of the component aging is predicted, which improves the accuracy of the prediction. Finally, the MSE optimization method uses multiple components in different environments to improve the universality of the environment. To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for predicting material aging failure under damp, hot and vibration conditions, the method comprising:

[0006] S1. Build a material aging test device and a measuring device to obtain a material aging test system;

[0007] S2. Install the specimen into the material aging test system to obtain the aging parameters of the specimen and the relationship between the life characteristics of the specimen and time;

[0008] S3, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment;

[0009] S4. According to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the MSE optimization method is used to obtain the optimal equivalent acceleration factor;

[0010] S5. According to the optimized equivalent acceleration factor and the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the test piece, the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the component in the actual service environment is obtained;

[0011] S6. Obtain failure prediction data of the component based on the relationship between the life characteristics of the component in an actual service environment and time.

[0012] Optionally, the material aging test device comprises:

[0013] Anchors, used to support the material aging test device;

[0014] A support platform for fixing and supporting the water bath;

[0015] The water bath is used to provide a hot and humid environment for the test piece;

[0016] A test piece pressure head, used to provide a vibration environment for the test piece;

[0017] Spring, used to maintain the stability of the vibration platform in the material aging test device;

[0018] A vibration platform, used to generate vibration and transmit it to the test piece indenter;

[0019] A vibration motor, used for driving the vibration platform to generate vibration;

[0020] A spring baffle, used to limit the movement range of the spring;

[0021] A double-ended threaded rod is used for fixing the foot, the supporting platform, the spring, the vibration platform and the spring baffle.

[0022] Optionally, in S2, the test piece is installed in the material aging test system to obtain the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time, including:

[0023] S21, fixing the test piece in the water bath, adjusting the height of the test piece pressure head so that the test piece pressure head presses down the test piece, and obtaining a material aging test device with the test piece;

[0024] S22. According to the material aging test device with the test piece, the measuring device is used to perform regular measurements to obtain the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time.

[0025] Optionally, the aging parameters of the specimen include: accelerated aging time of the specimen, temperature of the specimen and humidity of the specimen.

[0026] Optionally, the life characteristics of the specimen include: any one or more of the mechanical performance indicators of the specimen or the moisture absorption of the specimen.

[0027] Optionally, in S3, the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece is queried to obtain failure parameters of the component in an actual service environment, including:

[0028] S31, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the working time of the component in the actual service environment;

[0029] S32, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the ambient temperature and ambient humidity of the component;

[0030] S33. Obtain failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment according to the working time of the component in the actual service environment, the ambient temperature of the component, and the ambient humidity of the component.

[0031] Optionally, in S4, according to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, an MSE optimization method is used to obtain an optimized equivalent acceleration factor, including:

[0032] S41. According to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the relationship between the time acceleration coefficient and the equivalent acceleration coefficient is obtained by formula (1).

[0033] (1)

[0034] In the formula, is the time acceleration factor, is the accelerated aging time of the specimen, is the aging time of the component in the actual service environment, is the accelerated aging temperature of the specimen, is the aging temperature of the component in the actual service environment, is the accelerated aging humidity of the specimen, is the aging humidity of the component in the actual service environment, C is the equivalent acceleration factor;

[0035] S42, obtaining a relationship between an equivalent accelerated aging time and an equivalent acceleration coefficient of a plurality of components according to a relationship between the time acceleration coefficient and the equivalent acceleration coefficient and a working time of the component in an actual service environment;

[0036] S43, constructing an MSE function according to the relationship between the equivalent accelerated aging time and the equivalent acceleration coefficient of the multiple components by formula (2), selecting the equivalent acceleration coefficient corresponding to the minimum value of the MSE function, and obtaining the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient,

[0037] (2)

[0038] In the formula, is the equivalent accelerated aging time of the component, is the moisture absorption saturation time of the specimen, and n is the number of components.

[0039] Optionally, in S5, according to the optimized equivalent acceleration factor and the relationship between the life characteristics of the specimen and time, the relationship between the life characteristics of the component in the actual service environment and time is obtained, including:

[0040] S51, according to the optimized equivalent acceleration factor and the relationship between the life characteristics of the specimen and time, using the environmental equivalent method to obtain the relative relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time;

[0041] S52. According to the relative relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time, the relationship between the life characteristics of the component in the actual service environment and time is obtained by normalization.

[0042] On the other hand, the present invention provides a device for predicting material aging failure under damp heat and vibration conditions, the system is applied to a method for predicting material aging failure under damp heat and vibration conditions, the device comprising:

[0043] Footings, support platforms, water baths, specimen pressure heads, springs, vibration platforms, vibration motors, spring baffles, and double-ended threaded rods;

[0044] The foot is composed of a carbon steel cover and a shock-absorbing rubber pad, and is fixedly connected to the double-threaded rod through a stamping process; the double-threaded rod passes through the through holes at the four corners of the support platform, and the support platform is fixed to the lower end of the double-threaded rod; the water bath is placed above the support platform; the spring is nested in the bare rod area above the double-threaded rod; the spring is nested above the vibration platform, and the spring is extended to the threaded area of ​​the double-threaded rod, and the spring baffle is screwed in through the thread until it is against the spring; the vibration motor and the specimen pressure head are fixedly installed on the vibration platform, and the specimen pressure head is directly opposite to the middle position of the specimen.

[0045] Optionally, the water bath comprises: a specimen fixture and a specimen fixture fixing base;

[0046] The specimen fixture is a groove structure, the base and side wall of the specimen fixture are provided with threaded holes, the specimen fixture fixing base is provided with threaded holes corresponding to the specimen fixture, and the specimen fixture and the specimen fixture fixing base are fixedly connected.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0048] On the one hand, the above scheme obtains the aging parameters of the test pieces and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test pieces and time by building a material aging test system, and establishes a test system for the coupling of the three physical fields of moisture, heat and force. The test data is more comprehensive. On the second hand, a comparative analysis is conducted with the operation and maintenance database of the corresponding components, and the optimal equivalent acceleration factor is obtained through the MSE optimization method, and then the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the components in the actual service environment is obtained, and the failure prediction of the component aging is performed, which improves the accuracy of the prediction. On the third hand, the MSE optimization method uses multiple components in different environments to improve the universality of the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for predicting material aging failure under damp, hot and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of obtaining the relationship between the aging parameters of the specimen and the life characteristics of the specimen and time in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of obtaining failure parameters of components under actual service environment in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of obtaining an optimized equivalent acceleration factor in an embodiment of a material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of obtaining the relationship between the life characteristics and time of a component in an actual service environment in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the life characteristics of a specimen and time in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the life characteristics of a component in an actual service environment and time in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a device for predicting material aging failure under damp, hot and vibrating conditions of the present invention;

[0058] Fig. 9 1. is a top view of the internal structure of a water bath pot in an embodiment of a device for predicting material aging failure under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the test piece fixture structure in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction device under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention.

[0060] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: foot 1, support platform 2, water bath 3, test piece pressure head 4, spring 5, vibration platform 6, vibration motor 7, spring baffle 8, double-headed threaded rod 9, test piece fixture 301, test piece fixture fixed base 302. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0063] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] The material selected in this example is a carbon fiber / epoxy resin double-layer plain weave fabric, and an accelerated aging test piece is prepared.

[0065] like Figure 1The flowchart of the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under the condition of damp heat and vibration of the present invention is shown in FIG. The present invention provides a material aging failure prediction method under the condition of damp heat and vibration, which is implemented by a material aging failure prediction device under the condition of damp heat and vibration, and the method comprises:

[0066] S1. Build a material aging test device and a measuring device to obtain a material aging test system;

[0067] Specifically, the material aging test device comprises:

[0068] Anchors, used to support the material aging test device;

[0069] A support platform for fixing and supporting the water bath;

[0070] The water bath is used to provide a hot and humid environment for the test piece;

[0071] A test piece pressure head, used to provide a vibration environment for the test piece;

[0072] Spring, used to maintain the stability of the vibration platform in the material aging test device;

[0073] A vibration platform, used to generate vibration and transmit it to the test piece indenter;

[0074] A vibration motor, used for driving the vibration platform to generate vibration;

[0075] A spring baffle, used to limit the movement range of the spring;

[0076] A double-ended threaded rod is used for fixing the foot, the supporting platform, the spring, the vibration platform and the spring baffle.

[0077] S2. Install the specimen into the material aging test system to obtain the aging parameters of the specimen and the relationship between the life characteristics of the specimen and time;

[0078] Specifically, if Figure 2 The flow chart of obtaining the relationship between the aging parameters of the specimen and the life characteristics of the specimen and time in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention is shown, and in S2, the specimen is installed in the material aging test system to obtain the aging parameters of the specimen and the relationship between the life characteristics of the specimen and time, including:

[0079] S21, fixing the test piece in the water bath, adjusting the height of the test piece pressure head so that the test piece pressure head presses down the test piece, and obtaining a material aging test device with the test piece;

[0080] S22. According to the material aging test device with the test piece, the measuring device is used to perform regular measurements to obtain the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time.

[0081] The aging parameters of the specimen include: the accelerated aging time of the specimen, the temperature of the specimen and the humidity of the specimen.

[0082] The life characteristics of the specimen include: any one or more of the mechanical performance indicators of the specimen or the moisture absorption of the specimen.

[0083] Furthermore, the interlaminar shear strength was selected as the life characteristic of the specimen, and the aging environment was set to a 70°C water bath and a vibration motor vibration frequency of 50 Hz. The interlaminar shear strength of the specimen was measured and recorded at regular intervals, and the results were as follows: Figure 6 The graph shown is a relationship curve between the life characteristics of the specimen and time in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention.

[0084] S3, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment;

[0085] Specifically, if Figure 3 The flowchart of obtaining the failure parameters of a component in an actual service environment in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention is shown, and S3 queries the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, including:

[0086] S31, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the working time of the component in the actual service environment;

[0087] S32, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the ambient temperature and ambient humidity of the component;

[0088] S33. Obtain failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment according to the working time of the component in the actual service environment, the ambient temperature of the component, and the ambient humidity of the component.

[0089] Further, the operation and maintenance data of the same component of 5 aircraft of an airline company were queried. The components were in service for a long time in a hot and humid environment, and typical damages such as heat damage, fastener damage, and debonding damage occurred. The service time of these 5 components was from October 27, 1998 to November 1, 2000, from March 1, 2008 to July 1, 2013, from September 28, 2010 to October 3, 2012, from June to August, 2005, and from March to August, 2009, with a total service time of 24 months, 64 months, 24 months, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively. The total time span is 7 years, and the monthly time is 30 days. First, the average temperature and humidity of each month in 7 years are calculated, that is, the monthly average temperature and humidity from 1998 to 2000 and from 2008 to 2013, as shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1 Monthly average temperature and humidity in the area where five aircraft of a certain airline are located for seven years

[0091]

[0092] S4. According to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the MSE optimization method is used to obtain the optimal equivalent acceleration factor;

[0093] Specifically, Figure 4 The flowchart of obtaining the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under the conditions of damp heat and vibration of the present invention is shown, and in S4, the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient is obtained by using the MSE optimization method according to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component under the actual service environment, including:

[0094] S41. According to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the relationship between the time acceleration coefficient and the equivalent acceleration coefficient is obtained by formula (1).

[0095] (1)

[0096] In the formula, is the time acceleration factor, is the accelerated aging time of the specimen, is the aging time of the component in the actual service environment, is the accelerated aging temperature of the specimen, is the aging temperature of the component in the actual service environment, is the accelerated aging humidity of the specimen, is the aging humidity of the component in the actual service environment, C is the equivalent acceleration factor;

[0097] S42, obtaining a relationship between an equivalent accelerated aging time and an equivalent acceleration coefficient of a plurality of components according to a relationship between the time acceleration coefficient and the equivalent acceleration coefficient and a working time of the component in an actual service environment;

[0098] Furthermore, since each month is calculated as 30 days, the aging time of the components in the actual service environment can be calculated. =30, taking the components of the first aircraft as an example, since they have been in service for 24 months since October, the equivalent accelerated aging time of the components is It should be the sum of the 24 months from October to the equivalent acceleration time, that is, obtained by formula (3),

[0099] (3)

[0100] The same method can be used to obtain the equivalent accelerated aging time of the 2nd to 5th aircraft components. ~ .

[0101] S43, constructing an MSE function according to the relationship between the equivalent accelerated aging time and the equivalent acceleration coefficient of the multiple components by formula (2), selecting the equivalent acceleration coefficient corresponding to the minimum value of the MSE function, and obtaining the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient,

[0102] (2)

[0103] In the formula, is the equivalent accelerated aging time of the component, is the moisture absorption saturation time of the specimen, and n is the number of components.

[0104] Furthermore, in order to take into account the differences between different aircraft batches and different environmental conditions, the MSE function is introduced to solve the optimal solution and obtain the optimal equivalent acceleration coefficient C min =106.36.

[0105] S5. According to the optimized equivalent acceleration factor and the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the test piece, the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the component in the actual service environment is obtained;

[0106] Specifically, if Figure 5 The flowchart of obtaining the relationship between the life characteristics and time of a component in an actual service environment in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions of the present invention is shown, and S5 obtains the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the component in the actual service environment according to the optimized equivalent acceleration factor and the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the test piece, including:

[0107] S51, according to the optimized equivalent acceleration factor and the relationship between the life characteristics of the specimen and time, using the environmental equivalent method to obtain the relative relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time;

[0108] S52. According to the relative relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time, the relationship between the life characteristics of the component in the actual service environment and time is obtained by normalization.

[0109] Furthermore, a total of 65 days of accelerated aging test was carried out. A batch of test pieces were taken out every 10 days for interlaminar shear strength test. The law of interlaminar shear strength change of the test pieces under the accelerated aging environment of damp heat and vibration with aging time was obtained. Through the environmental equivalent method and normalization, the following was obtained: Figure 7 The graph shown is a relationship curve between the life characteristics of a component in an actual service environment and time in an embodiment of the material aging failure prediction method under damp, hot and vibration conditions of the present invention.

[0110] S6. Obtain failure prediction data of the component based on the relationship between the life characteristics of the component in an actual service environment and time.

[0111] Specifically, the safety threshold coefficient is selected as 0.77, and it is found that the safety threshold coefficient is reached below the safety threshold coefficient around the 376th day, indicating that the component should be inspected and repaired before then.

[0112] like Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction device under the condition of damp heat and vibration of the present invention is shown. The present invention provides a material aging failure prediction device under the condition of damp heat and vibration. The device is applied to a material aging failure prediction method under the condition of damp heat and vibration. The device comprises: a foot 1, a support platform 2, a water bath 3, a test piece pressure head 4, a spring 5, a vibration platform 6, a vibration motor 7, a spring baffle 8 and a double-headed threaded rod 9;

[0113] The foot 1 is composed of a carbon steel cover and a shock-absorbing rubber pad, and is fixedly connected to the double-headed threaded rod 9 through a stamping process; the double-headed threaded rod 9 passes through the through holes at the four corners of the support platform 2, and the support platform 2 is fixed to the lower end of the double-headed threaded rod 9; the water bath 3 is placed above the support platform 2; the spring 5 is nested in the bare rod area above the double-headed threaded rod 9; the spring 5 is nested above the vibration platform 6, and the spring 5 is extended to the threaded area of ​​the double-headed threaded rod 9, and the spring baffle 8 is screwed in through the thread until it is against the spring 5; the vibration platform 6 is fixedly installed with the vibration motor 7 and the specimen pressure head 4, and the specimen pressure head 4 is directly opposite to the middle position of the specimen.

[0114] Specifically, Fig. 9The top view of the internal structure of the water bath pot in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction device under the conditions of humidity, heat and vibration of the present invention and Fig.10 The schematic diagram of the specimen fixture structure in the embodiment of the material aging failure prediction device under the conditions of damp heat and vibration of the present invention is shown, the water bath 3 comprises: a specimen fixture 301 and a specimen fixture fixing base 302;

[0115] The specimen fixture 301 is a groove structure, the base and side wall of the specimen fixture 301 have threaded holes, and the specimen fixture fixed base 302 has threaded holes corresponding to the specimen fixture 301, which fixedly connect the specimen fixture 301 and the specimen fixture fixed base 302.

[0116] The present invention provides a material aging failure prediction device method and apparatus under damp, hot and vibrating conditions. The invention obtains the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time by building a material aging test system, and establishes a test system for coupling the three physical fields of dampness, heat and force. The test data is more comprehensive. Secondly, a comparative analysis is performed with the operation and maintenance database of the corresponding components, and the optimal equivalent acceleration factor is obtained through the MSE optimization method, and then the relationship between the life characteristics of the components in the actual service environment and time is obtained, and the failure prediction of the component aging is performed, which improves the accuracy of the prediction. Finally, the MSE optimization method uses multiple components in different environments to improve the universality of the environment.

[0117] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by the above embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention and the scope of the present invention. It is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting material aging failure under damp, hot and vibration conditions, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Build a material aging test device and a measuring device to obtain a material aging test system; S2, installing the test piece into the material aging test system to obtain the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time; S3, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment; S4. According to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the MSE optimization method is used to obtain the optimal equivalent acceleration factor; S5. According to the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient and the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the test piece, the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the component in the actual service environment is obtained; S6. Obtain failure prediction data of the component based on the relationship between the life characteristics of the component in an actual service environment and time.

2. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material aging test device comprises: A footing, used to support the material aging test device; A support platform for fixing and supporting the water bath; The water bath is used to provide a hot and humid environment for the test piece; A test piece pressure head, used to provide a vibration environment for the test piece; A spring, used to maintain the stability of the vibration platform in the material aging test device; The vibration platform is used to generate vibration and transmit it to the test piece pressure head; A vibration motor, used to drive the vibration platform to generate vibration; A spring baffle, used to limit the movement range of the spring; A double-ended threaded rod is used to fix the foot, the support platform, the spring, the vibration platform and the spring baffle.

3. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step S2 includes installing the test piece into the material aging test system to obtain the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time, including: S21, fixing the test piece in the water bath, adjusting the height of the test piece pressure head so that the test piece pressure head presses down the test piece, and obtaining a material aging test device with the test piece; S22. According to the material aging test device with the test piece, the measuring device is used to perform regular measurements to obtain the aging parameters of the test piece and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time.

4. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The aging parameters of the specimen include: the accelerated aging time of the specimen, the temperature of the specimen and the humidity of the specimen.

5. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The life characteristics of the specimen include: any one or more of the mechanical performance indicators of the specimen or the moisture absorption of the specimen.

6. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece is queried to obtain the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, including: S31, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the working time of the component in the actual service environment; S32, querying the operation and maintenance database of the component corresponding to the test piece to obtain the ambient temperature and ambient humidity of the component; S33. Obtain failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment according to the working time of the component in the actual service environment, the ambient temperature of the component, and the ambient humidity of the component.

7. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S4, according to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the MSE optimization method is used to obtain the optimal equivalent acceleration factor, including: S41. According to the aging parameters of the specimen and the failure parameters of the component in the actual service environment, the relationship between the time acceleration coefficient and the equivalent acceleration coefficient is obtained by formula (1). （1） In the formula, is the time acceleration factor, is the accelerated aging time of the specimen, is the aging time of the component in the actual service environment, is the accelerated aging temperature of the specimen, is the aging temperature of the component in the actual service environment, is the accelerated aging humidity of the specimen, is the aging humidity of the component in the actual service environment, C is the equivalent acceleration factor; S42, obtaining a relationship between an equivalent accelerated aging time and an equivalent acceleration coefficient of a plurality of components according to a relationship between the time acceleration coefficient and the equivalent acceleration coefficient and a working time of the components in an actual service environment; S43, constructing an MSE function according to the relationship between the equivalent accelerated aging time and the equivalent acceleration coefficient of the multiple components by formula (2), selecting the equivalent acceleration coefficient corresponding to the minimum value of the MSE function, and obtaining the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient, （2） In the formula, is the equivalent accelerated aging time of the component, is the moisture absorption saturation time of the specimen, and n is the number of components.

8. The material aging failure prediction method under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S5, the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the component in the actual service environment is obtained according to the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient and the relationship between the life characteristics and time of the test piece, including: S51, according to the optimized equivalent acceleration coefficient and the relationship between the life characteristics of the test piece and time, using the environmental equivalent method to obtain the relative relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time; S52. According to the relative relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time, the relationship between the life characteristics of the component and time in the actual service environment is obtained by normalization.

9. A device for predicting material aging failure under damp, hot and vibration conditions, characterized in that: The device comprises: a foot, a support platform, a water bath, a test piece pressure head, a spring, a vibration platform, a vibration motor, a spring baffle and a double-ended threaded rod; The foot is composed of a carbon steel cover and a shock-absorbing rubber pad, and is fixedly connected to the double-headed threaded rod through a stamping process; the double-headed threaded rod passes through the through holes at the four corners of the support platform, and the support platform is fixed to the lower end of the double-headed threaded rod; the water bath is placed above the support platform; the spring is nested in the bare rod area above the double-headed threaded rod; the spring is nested above the vibration platform, and the spring is extended to the threaded area of ​​the double-headed threaded rod, and the spring baffle is screwed in through the thread until it is against the spring; the vibration motor and the specimen pressure head are fixedly installed on the vibration platform, and the specimen pressure head is directly opposite to the middle position of the specimen.

10. The material aging failure prediction device under damp heat and vibration conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The water bath comprises: a specimen fixture and a specimen fixture fixing base; The specimen fixture is a groove structure, the base and side wall of the specimen fixture are provided with threaded holes, and the specimen fixture fixing base is provided with threaded holes corresponding to the specimen fixture, which are fixedly connected to the specimen fixture and the specimen fixture fixing base.

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