A finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling

Abstract

The present application discloses a finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling, comprising the following steps: S1 finite element voxel model reconstruction: reconstructing a complex geological finite element voxel model based on field monitoring data and voxel modeling method; S2 heterogeneous mechanical voxel unit allocation, obtaining a finite element model considering mechanical heterogeneity in the target area; S3 setting model boundaries and loads, establishing a complex geological body stress field simulation finite element model containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces considering rock mechanical heterogeneity, which is used to reveal the distribution characteristics and change laws of the geostress field in the target area. The present application is mainly used in regional stress field simulation research containing complex geological structural features such as faults and natural cracks. The present application can combine field monitoring data and comprehensively consider geological conditions such as layer interfaces, faults, and natural cracks to construct a complex geological body stress field simulation finite element model containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics, and in particular to a finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling. Background Art

[0002] Oil and gas exploration and development are increasingly moving toward complex tectonic zones. Complex tectonic zones, characterized by diverse geological conditions and the interweaving of faults and natural fractures, result in complex and directional geostress distributions. When using hydraulic fracturing for extraction, the distribution patterns of artificial fractures are unclear, making the layout and optimization of fracture networks extremely challenging. Therefore, accurately characterizing and predicting geostress states in complex tectonic zones is crucial for optimizing oil and gas drilling and completion designs, developing efficient fracturing development plans, and improving overall development efficiency.

[0003] In recent years, a series of relatively mature methods and technologies have been developed for the characterization and prediction of geostress fields in complex tectonic areas. Through improvements and refinements in finite element numerical simulation methods, a three-dimensional heterogeneous stress field prediction method based on the "core-logging-seismic" integration has been developed. Innovations have been achieved in modeling, parameter assignment, and boundary condition setting. Physical experiments and multi-scale numerical simulation methods combined with field optimization case design for hydraulic fracturing in shale formations have been conducted to explore the technical difficulties of hydraulic fracturing in heterogeneous shale reservoirs. Key factors influencing hydraulic fracturing effectiveness have been summarized, and the mechanisms of hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation in shale have been elucidated. Based on the finite discrete combination method, the influence of heterogeneity on hydraulic fracturing was explored, the hydraulic pressure of different heterogeneous storages was simulated, and the randomness of crack extension in different heterogeneous storages was observed. A pixel crack reconstruction method based on digital image processing and mathematical morphology theory, namely crack extension inversion simulation, was proposed, which proved the feasibility of this method and is of great significance for the simulation of crack evolution in heterogeneous materials.

[0004] Currently, in numerical simulation experiments, many studies often use simplified geometric models and assumptions, such as homogeneous assumptions or linear elastic models, to simplify the problem. These often fail to truly reflect the actual geological conditions in complex tectonic areas. The heterogeneity, anisotropy, and complex geostress fields of actual reservoirs are difficult to fully characterize using simple numerical simulation methods, resulting in deviations between simulation results and actual conditions. The geostress field is influenced by factors such as geological structure, sedimentary environment, faults, and folds, and is highly complex and spatially variable. Existing numerical simulation methods generally fail to fully account for the combined effects of these factors, especially in complex tectonic areas, where the characterization of the geostress field presents significant challenges due to the influence of faults, folds, and other factors. In numerical simulations, the setting of boundary conditions and initial conditions is crucial. However, these conditions are often difficult to accurately obtain in complex geological environments. In particular, due to the complexity of the geological bodies, boundary conditions are often vague and cannot be fully quantified, resulting in uncertainty and insufficient reliability in the simulation results. Therefore, the present application provides a finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above issues, this application provides a finite element geostress field simulation method based on voxel modeling, which is mainly used for regional stress field simulation research containing complex geological structural features such as faults and natural fractures. This application can combine field monitoring data and comprehensively consider geological conditions such as layer interfaces, faults, and natural fractures to construct a finite element model for stress field simulation of complex geological bodies containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The present application provides a finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling, comprising the following steps: S1 finite element voxel model reconstruction: constructing a complex geological body geometric model containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces based on field monitoring data, and reconstructing the complex geological finite element voxel model based on the voxel modeling method;

[0007] S2 Heterogeneous Mechanical Voxel Unit Allocation: The heterogeneous mechanical parameter information at different coordinate positions of the target area containing faults, natural cracks, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanical heterogeneity is screened and converted, and a heterogeneous mechanical parameter allocation method is constructed to obtain a finite element model that considers mechanical heterogeneity in the target area;

[0008] S3 sets the model boundary and load, and establishes a finite element model for simulating the stress field of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces, taking into account the mechanical heterogeneity of the rock mass. This model is used to reveal the distribution characteristics and variation patterns of the geostress field in the target area.

[0009] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, in S1, a Python script is compiled to construct a complex geological body geometric model containing faults, natural fractures and non-planar layer interfaces based on the field monitoring data obtained by field microseismicity and well logging, and the finite element voxel model of the faults, natural fractures and non-planar layer interfaces is reconstructed based on the voxel modeling method.

[0010] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, reconstructing the finite element voxel model of the fault or natural fracture based on the voxel modeling method includes the following steps: first extracting the fault or fracture slice geometric point data derived from the self-interpreted Petre l model, creating the fault or fracture slice geometric surface, creating the grid component, then extracting the node point cloud and performing translation and deflection processing on the point cloud, and finally assigning the voxel model a fault or fracture slice set to complete the reconstruction of multiple faults or multiple natural fracture voxel units.

[0011] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, in the reconstructed fault finite element voxel model, the fault data derived from the self-interpreted Petre l model are the point data on both sides of a stepped parallelogram. By reading in the point data on both sides, two fault edges are created based on the point data on each side, and a fault plane is created based on the two fault edges, and a multi-fault geometric surface component is created repeatedly.

[0012] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, in reconstructing the finite element voxel model of natural fractures, the natural fracture data derived from the self-interpreted Petre l model is polygonal point data. By reading in the polygonal point data, a polygonal natural fracture geometric surface is created based on the point data, and multiple natural fracture geometric surface components are created repeatedly.

[0013] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, reconstructing the finite element voxel model of the non-planar layer interface based on the voxel modeling method includes the following steps: first extracting the non-planar layer interface triangular mesh node data derived from the self-interpreted Petre l model, creating topological geometry from the mesh surface, creating mesh components, then extracting the node point cloud and translating and deflecting the point cloud, and finally giving the voxel model a multi-layer interface set to complete the reconstruction of the multi-non-planar layer interface structure voxel unit.

[0014] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, in S2, the interpreted data obtained from the field contains density, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio heterogeneous mechanical property parameter information at different coordinate positions of the target area of ​​faults, natural cracks, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanical heterogeneity properties. Valid data is selected through data screening, and the data is converted using longitudinal wave time difference, shear wave time difference and density to obtain the heterogeneous mechanical property parameter information corresponding to the coordinates of different points, construct a heterogeneous mechanical parameter distribution method, and obtain a finite element model considering mechanical heterogeneity in the target area.

[0015] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, in S2, the non-homogeneous mechanical parameter allocation method includes the following steps: extracting point attribute data derived from the interpreted Petre l model, cleaning and screening the data to obtain point attributes, performing translation and deflection processing based on the point cloud coordinates to obtain new coordinate points and attribute data, and finally assigning non-homogeneous mechanical parameters to the voxel model.

[0016] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, in S3, the method of setting the model boundary and load is: first, corresponding displacement constraints are set at the negative boundaries of the model X, Y, and Z coordinates to prevent the overall slip of the model; at the same time, maximum geostress, minimum geostress, and vertical geostress are applied to the positive boundaries of the model X, Y, and Z coordinates to simulate the model boundary geostress field.

[0017] For example, in the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in one embodiment, after setting the model boundary and load, the establishment of a complete finite element model for stress field simulation of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces is completed. The target area in the complete model is the model area containing faults, natural cracks, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanically inhomogeneous properties, and the other parts in the complete model are other voxel units that are convenient for setting model boundary conditions and loads.

[0018] The beneficial effects brought about by a finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling provided in some embodiments of the present application are as follows: the present application establishes a method and model for allocating heterogeneous mechanical parameters based on field monitoring data and voxel modeling, and through Python scripts and geological and geometric model construction of field data and allocation of heterogeneous mechanical parameters, a finite element model considering the heterogeneity of rock mechanics is established, which provides strong technical method support for the production and development of oil and gas resources and for the characterization and prediction research of geostress fields in complex tectonic areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling in this application;

[0021] Figure 2 Construct flow charts for fault and natural fracture voxels;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of multi-slice voxel unit reconstruction;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of reconstruction of multiple natural fracture voxel units;

[0024] Figure 5 Reconstructing flow chart for non-planar layer interface structure voxel unit;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of reconstruction of voxel unit of multi-non-planar layer interface structure;

[0026] Figure 7 Assigning flow charts to heterogeneous mechanical voxel units;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of data conversion;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the finite element model for simulating the stress field of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces;

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of model boundary and load;

[0030] Figure 11 This is the stress field result diagram of the complete model;

[0031] Figure 12 This is the stress field result diagram of the target area in the model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] At present, the numerical simulation research on stress field of complex structural reservoirs faces a series of problems, such as difficulty in obtaining rock mechanical parameters, complex representation of geostress field, difficulty in heterogeneity modeling, and imperfect matching between experimental data and field conditions. Therefore, this application provides a finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling for complex geological structures, which is used to reveal the distribution characteristics of geostress field in the target area, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0035] S1 Finite element voxel model reconstruction: Based on field monitoring data, a complex geological body geometric model containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces is constructed, and a complex geological finite element voxel model is reconstructed based on the voxel modeling method; this application establishes an accurate geological model of layer structure morphology, integrates rock mechanics experiments and logging data to interpret the rock mechanics parameters required for finite element numerical simulation, assigns values ​​to the corresponding geological entities in the geological model, and establishes a finite element model based on accurate and reasonable network division according to actual needs.

[0036] Specifically, by compiling Python scripts, a complex geological body geometric model of complex geological structures containing faults and natural fractures and non-planar layer interfaces is constructed based on the field monitoring data obtained from field microseismicity and well logging, and the finite element voxel model of faults, natural fractures and non-planar layer interfaces is reconstructed based on the voxel modeling method.

[0037] Among them, the methods for reconstructing finite element voxel models of faults or natural fractures based on voxel modeling are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the method includes the following steps: firstly extracting the geometric point data of the fault or crack slice derived from the self-interpreted Petre l model, creating the geometric surface of the fault or crack slice, creating the mesh component, then extracting the node point cloud and performing translation and deflection processing on the point cloud, and finally assigning the voxel model a set of faults or crack slices to complete the reconstruction of multiple faults or multiple natural crack voxel units.

[0038] In the reconstruction of the fault finite element voxel model, Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the fault data exported from the Petre l model after self-interpretation are the point data on both sides of the stepped parallelogram. By reading the point data on both sides, two fault edges are created based on the point data on each side, and a fault plane is created based on the two fault edges. The multi-fault geometric surface components are created repeatedly.

[0039] In reconstructing the finite element voxel model of natural fractures, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the natural fracture data derived from the Petre l model after self-interpretation is polygonal point data. By reading the polygonal point data, a polygonal natural fracture geometric surface is created based on the point data, and multiple natural fracture geometric surface components are created repeatedly.

[0040] Methods for reconstructing finite element voxel models of non-planar layer interfaces based on voxel modeling are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps: first extracting the non-planar layer interface triangle mesh node data derived from the self-interpreted Petre l model, creating topological geometry from the mesh surface, creating mesh components, then extracting the node point cloud and performing translation and deflection processing on the point cloud, and finally giving the voxel model a multi-layer interface set to complete the reconstruction of the multi-non-planar layer interface structure voxel unit.

[0041] Specifically, the non-planar layer interface finite element voxel model is reconstructed as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, an appropriate grid scale is selected for each non-planar layer interface component to perform triangular mesh partitioning. The point cloud data of the multi-non-planar layer interface structure is obtained by extracting the grid nodes of the finite element model after partitioning. The point cloud is translated to ensure that the model is within an appropriate range for visualization. At the same time, the point cloud can be deflected in combination with the ground stress orientation to simplify the stress boundary application process of the final simulation model.

[0042] S2 Heterogeneous Mechanical Voxel Unit Allocation: The heterogeneous mechanical parameter information at different coordinate positions of the target area containing faults, natural cracks, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanical heterogeneous properties is screened and converted to obtain heterogeneous mechanical property parameter information such as density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio at different coordinate positions, and a heterogeneous mechanical parameter allocation method is constructed to obtain a finite element model that considers mechanical heterogeneity in the target area;

[0043] Heterogeneous mechanical parameter allocation methods such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the following steps are included: extracting point attribute data derived from the interpreted Petre l model, cleaning and filtering the data to obtain point attributes, performing translation and deflection processing based on the point cloud coordinates to obtain new coordinate points and attribute data, and finally assigning heterogeneous mechanical parameters to the voxel model.

[0044] Specifically, the interpreted data obtained from the field contains faults, natural cracks, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanical heterogeneous properties, such as density, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio at different coordinate positions in the target area. In order to take into account the differences in mechanical heterogeneity in the final finite element model, first of all, considering that the original data contains some invalid data, the valid data are selected through data screening. Then, considering that the original data does not contain the Poisson's ratio data corresponding to the coordinates of different points, the data conversion is performed using the longitudinal wave time difference, the shear wave time difference and the density to obtain the Poisson's ratio values ​​corresponding to the coordinates of different points. The data conversion diagram from the original coordinate point attribute data to the final data information is shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the above modeling process is implemented by compiling Python scripts. After completing the construction of geological and geometric models based on field data and the allocation of heterogeneous mechanical parameters, the complete finite element model considering mechanical heterogeneity in the target area is finally obtained as shown in Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the model size is 13300m×14450m×1200m, the grid scale of the benchmark model is 50m, and there are 1844976 cubic voxel units in the complete model. The target area in the complete model is the model area containing faults, natural fractures, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanically heterogeneous properties. The other parts in the complete model are other voxel units that are convenient for setting model boundary conditions and loads.

[0045] S3 sets the model boundary and load, and establishes a finite element model for simulating the stress field of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces, taking into account the mechanical heterogeneity of the rock mass. This model is used to reveal the distribution characteristics and variation patterns of the geostress field in the target area.

[0046] In order to carry out subsequent numerical simulation analysis, the model boundaries and loads are set as follows Figure 10 The method for setting the model boundary and load is as follows: first, set corresponding displacement constraints on the negative boundaries of the model's X, Y, and Z coordinates to prevent the entire model from sliding. At the same time, apply the maximum ground stress, minimum ground stress, and vertical ground stress to the positive boundaries of the model's X, Y, and Z coordinates to simulate the ground stress field at the model boundary. The values ​​of the three-dimensional ground stress are set based on the well logging monitoring data in the block.

[0047] Through the above steps, the establishment of a finite element model for simulating the stress field of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces is completed. According to the results of the stress field of the simulated experimental model and the stress field of the target area in the model, the change law and change characteristics of the stress in the target area can be obtained, such as Figure 11-12 In addition, a finite element model for simulating the stress field of a complex geological body with complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces can be constructed based on the on-site regional geological data, drilling data, stratum lithologic characteristics, and structural characteristics to obtain the distribution characteristics and variation patterns of the geostress field in the target area.

[0048] This application establishes a modeling method for complex geological body geometric models containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces based on the voxel method and Python language. It also establishes a fast modeling method for heterogeneous mechanical parameter distribution and stress field finite element simulation based on Python language and petre l model data. It can combine field monitoring data and comprehensively consider geological conditions such as layer interfaces, faults, and natural cracks to construct a finite element model for stress field simulation of complex geological bodies containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces. It is applied to regional stress field simulation research containing complex geological structural features such as faults and natural cracks to reveal the distribution characteristics and change laws of the ground stress field in the target area.

[0049] Although the implementation scheme of the present application has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation mode. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application. For those familiar with this field, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present application is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 Finite element voxel model reconstruction: Based on the field monitoring data, a complex geological body geometric model containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces is constructed, and the complex geological finite element voxel model is reconstructed based on the voxel modeling method; the reconstruction of the fault or natural fracture finite element voxel model based on the voxel modeling method includes the following steps: first extract the fault or fracture slice geometric point data derived from the self-interpreted Petrel model, create the fault or fracture slice geometric surface, create the grid component, then extract the node point cloud and perform translation and deflection processing on the point cloud, and finally assign the voxel model a fault or fracture slice set to complete the reconstruction of multiple faults or multiple natural fracture voxel units; S2 Heterogeneous Mechanical Voxel Unit Allocation: The heterogeneous mechanical parameter information at different coordinate positions of the target area containing faults, natural cracks, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanical heterogeneity is screened and converted, and a heterogeneous mechanical parameter allocation method is constructed to obtain a finite element model that considers mechanical heterogeneity in the target area; S3 sets the model boundary and load, and establishes a finite element model for simulating the stress field of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces, taking into account the mechanical heterogeneity of the rock mass. This model is used to reveal the distribution characteristics and variation patterns of the geostress field in the target area.

2. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, a Python script is compiled to construct a complex geological body geometric model of complex geological structures containing faults and natural fractures and non-planar layer interfaces based on the field monitoring data obtained by field microseismicity and well logging, and a finite element voxel model of faults, natural fractures and non-planar layer interfaces is reconstructed based on the voxel modeling method.

3. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the reconstructed fault finite element voxel model, the fault data exported from the self-interpreted Petrel model are the point data on both sides of the stepped parallelogram. By reading the point data on both sides, two fault edges are created based on the point data on each side, and a fault plane is created based on the two fault edges. This cycle is repeated to create multi-fault geometric surface components.

4. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the reconstruction of the natural fracture finite element voxel model, the natural fracture data exported from the self-interpreted Petrel model is polygonal point data. By reading in the polygonal point data, a polygonal natural fracture geometric surface is created based on the point data, and multiple natural fracture geometric surface components are created repeatedly.

5. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The reconstruction of the non-planar layer interface finite element voxel model based on the voxel modeling method includes the following steps: first extract the non-planar layer interface triangular mesh node data exported from the self-interpreted Petrel model, create topological geometry from the mesh surface, create mesh components, then extract the node point cloud and translate and deflect the point cloud, and finally give the voxel model a multi-layer interface set to complete the reconstruction of the multi-non-planar layer interface structure voxel unit.

6. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In said S2, the interpreted data obtained from the field contain the density, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio heterogeneous mechanical property parameter information at different coordinate positions of the target area of ​​faults, natural fractures, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanical heterogeneity properties. Valid data are selected through data screening, and the heterogeneous mechanical property parameter information corresponding to the coordinates of different points is obtained after data conversion using longitudinal wave time difference, shear wave time difference and density. A heterogeneous mechanical parameter allocation method is constructed to obtain a finite element model in the target area taking into account the mechanical heterogeneity.

7. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In S2, the method for allocating heterogeneous mechanical parameters includes the following steps: extracting point attribute data derived from the interpreted Petrel model, cleaning and screening the data to obtain point attributes, performing translation and deflection processing based on the point cloud coordinates to obtain new coordinate points and attribute data, and finally assigning heterogeneous mechanical parameters to the voxel model.

8. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the method for setting the model boundary and load is as follows: first, corresponding displacement constraints are set at the negative boundaries of the model's X, Y, and Z coordinates to prevent the entire model from sliding; at the same time, maximum ground stress, minimum ground stress, and vertical ground stress are applied to the positive boundaries of the model's X, Y, and Z coordinates to simulate the ground stress field at the model boundary.

9. The finite element geostress field simulation modeling method based on voxel modeling according to claim 8 is characterized in that: After setting the model boundaries and loads, the establishment of a complete finite element model for stress field simulation of a complex geological body containing complex geological structures and non-planar layer interfaces is completed. The target area in the complete model is the model area containing faults, natural fractures, non-planar layer interfaces and mechanically heterogeneous properties. The other parts of the complete model are other voxel units that are convenient for setting model boundary conditions and loads.

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