Electric-hydrogen-car multi-coupling market electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise market transaction method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electricity-hydrogen-coupling market under electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise market transaction method and system, comprising the following steps: constructing electricity-hydrogen-coupling market transaction under electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction upper decision model and constraint condition;Build lower layer power spot market optimal clearing model;Build lower layer hydrogen market optimal clearing model;Build lower layer carbon market optimal clearing model;Based on the uncertain scenario set of wind power and photovoltaic power generation power, obtain typical scenario set;Build electricity-hydrogen-coupling market under electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction model considering new energy output uncertainty and solve;Judge whether to carry out equilibrium clearing.The present application prospectively emphasizes under the condition that new energy penetration rate is constantly increasing, considering the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise equilibrium transaction decision model under the multi-coupling market transaction, and the influence on bidding decision under uncertainty.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of power spot market equilibrium transaction, and relates to an electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction method and system under an electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market, in particular to an electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market transaction method and system under an electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the global traditional energy crisis continues to threaten the environment and economic development. Hydrogen energy, as a secondary energy source with characteristics such as abundant sources, green and low carbon, and wide application, can use new energy for hydrogen production, helping large-scale consumption of renewable energy. The electricity-hydrogen coupling system, as the main body participating in transaction decision-making in the electricity market, hydrogen market and carbon market, helps to accelerate the low-carbonization of the power system and provides a new idea for the coordinated promotion of large-scale development of new energy.

[0003] Currently, the transaction decision-making of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the multi-coupling market of the electricity market, hydrogen market and carbon market mainly includes the problems related to energy economic dispatch considering electricity-hydrogen coupling and the problems related to electricity-carbon coupling transaction and low-carbon economic dispatch. Since the electricity-hydrogen coupling system can participate in the transaction decision-making of multiple markets as multiple market main bodies, it is of great significance to analyze the transaction optimization of the electricity-hydrogen coupling system under the multi-coupling market.

[0004] Therefore, the application provides an electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market transaction method and system under an electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market.

[0005] After retrieval, no existing technical disclosure literature identical or similar to the application is found. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provides an electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market transaction method and system under an electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market, which can prospectively emphasize the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise equilibrium transaction decision-making model under the multi-coupling market transaction in the case of continuously increasing new energy penetration rate and the influence of the bidding decision-making under uncertainty.

[0007] The application solves the practical problems by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] Based on the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, an electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise spot transaction upper decision-making model under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is constructed;

[0009] Based on the market mechanism and transaction constraints of the market main body participating in the coupling market, a constraint condition set of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise spot transaction upper decision-making model under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is constructed;

[0010] According to the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, the lower layer power spot market optimal clearing model, the lower layer hydrogen market optimal clearing model and the lower layer carbon market optimal clearing model are constructed, and the maximum social welfare of each market transaction is taken as the objective function;

[0011] Based on the uncertain scene set of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, the typical scene set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scene are obtained;

[0012] According to the constructed electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction, the upper layer decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction, the constraint condition set, the lower layer power spot market optimal clearing model, the lower layer hydrogen market optimal clearing model and the lower layer carbon market optimal clearing model, and the typical scene set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scene, the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market under the condition of new energy output uncertainty is constructed based on the conditional value at risk, and the market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise is solved;

[0013] Based on the solution of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market under the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction model, it is judged whether to clear the equilibrium, if the equilibrium is cleared, the power spot market, hydrogen market and carbon market clearing results are obtained, and the clearing results include the winning power of the power market main body, the winning hydrogen of the hydrogen market main body and the winning carbon emission right of the carbon market main body.

[0014] Moreover, the objective function of the constructed electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction under the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction upper layer decision model is:

[0015] max F U =C E +C H +C CCER

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, F U is the total economic benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; C E , C H and C CCER are the economic benefits obtained by the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the power spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market respectively; is the winning power generation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the tth period; is the power spot market node marginal price in the tth period; is the marginal power generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the tth period; is the winning hydrogen sale amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the tth period; is the winning hydrogen purchase amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the tth period; is the hydrogen market hydrogen price in the tth period; Marginal electricity generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise in the hydrogen market for time period t; CEA price of the carbon market for time period t.

[0018] Moreover, the constraint condition set for constructing the electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise spot transaction upper decision model under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupled market transaction includes:

[0019] 1) Quotation constraint:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] In the formula: Quotation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled system in the lth section for time period t; Upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise in the electricity spot market quotation, respectively; Quotation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise in the hydrogen market for time period t; Upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise hydrogen market hydrogen selling quotation, respectively; Upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise hydrogen market hydrogen purchasing quotation, respectively; Quotation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise in the carbon market for time period t; Upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupled enterprise carbon market CCER quotation, respectively;

[0023] 2) Electrolyzer operation constraint:

[0024] The electrolyzer is a key device for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and its operation model is:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula: Hydrogen production mass of the electrolyzer for time period t; Electricity consumption power of the electrolyzer for time period t; Electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer device; High heating value of hydrogen;

[0027] 3) Hydrogen storage tank operation constraint:

[0028] The hydrogen produced by electrolysis is stored in the hydrogen storage tank, and the following hydrogen storage tank model is established based on the ideal gas state equation:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula: Pressure of the hydrogen storage tank for time period t; V LHSV is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is the ideal gas constant; T is the gas temperature; H V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is the ideal gas constant; T is the gas temperature; M is the hydrogen mass in the hydrogen storage tank at time t; M is the hydrogen mass in the hydrogen storage tank at time t;

[0031] 4) Compressor operation constraints:

[0032] The power consumption of the compressor is mainly related to the hydrogen compression ratio and the input gas quantity, and the operation model thereof is:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula: Cp is the specific heat capacity of hydrogen; T is the hydrogen temperature; in Tin is the hydrogen temperature input into the compressor; γ is the isentropic index of hydrogen; Pout and Pin are the output hydrogen pressure and the input hydrogen pressure of the compressor, respectively, is the compression ratio; Ptotal is the total power consumption of the compressor at time t; M in is the hydrogen mass input into the compressor at time t; η is the working efficiency of the compressor; CP Ptotal is the total power consumption of the compressor at time t;

[0035] 5) Liquefied hydrogen equipment operation constraints:

[0036] The operation model of the hydrogen liquefaction equipment is:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula: E is the unit energy consumption of the hydrogen liquefaction process at time t; Pcomp is the power consumption of the compressor at time t; Pexp is the power consumption of the expander at time t; Qout is the output heat of the cooler at time t; M out is the liquefied hydrogen product mass at time t; Ptotal is the total power consumption of the hydrogen liquefaction process at time t; M in is the hydrogen mass input into the hydrogen liquefaction process at time t; η is the efficiency of the hydrogen liquefaction process;

[0039] 6) Electric power balance constraints:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula: Pnew is the new energy output prediction value.

[0042] Moreover, the optimal clearing model of the lower-layer electricity spot market is:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] wherein: is the winning bid of the vth electricity user in the cth segment at time period t; is the bid of the vth electricity user in the cth segment at time period t; is the upper and lower bound of the winning electricity quantity of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise in the oth segment; is the upper and lower bound of the winning electricity quantity of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth segment; is the upper and lower bound of the winning electricity quantity of the vth electricity user in the cth segment; is the node set associated with node n; is the electricity user load set associated with node n; is the traditional energy power generation set associated with node n; is the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise set associated with node n; n,m is the line susceptance from node n to node m; are the phase angles of node n and node m at time period t, respectively; is the line transmission power limit from node n to node m; and are the upper and lower bounds of the phase angle of node n at time period t; is the node marginal price of node n.

[0046] Furthermore, the optimal clearing model of the lower-layer hydrogen market is:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] wherein: is the hydrogen purchase bid of the uth hydrogen user in the hydrogen market at time period t; are the hydrogen purchase and sale bids of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise at time period t, respectively; is the hydrogen sale bid of the rth other hydrogen sale enterprise at time period t; is the winning hydrogen quality of the uth hydrogen user at time period t; and are the winning purchase and sale hydrogen qualities of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise at time period t, respectively; is the winning hydrogen quality of the rth other hydrogen sale enterprise at time period t; is the upper and lower bound of the winning hydrogen quality of the uth hydrogen user; are the upper and lower bounds of the winning purchase hydrogen quality of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise, respectively; are the upper and lower bounds of the winning sale hydrogen quality of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise, respectively; The upper and lower limits of hydrogen quality for the rth other hydrogen selling enterprise; The dual variable, i.e. the clearing price of hydrogen market.

[0050] Moreover, the optimal clearing model of lower carbon market is:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula: The purchase and sale prices of carbon quotas of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise in the carbon market in period t, respectively; The sale price of CCER of the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the carbon market in period t; The sale price of carbon quotas of the fth other market subject in the carbon market in period t; The purchase and sale amounts of carbon quotas of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise in the carbon market in period t, respectively; The sale amount of CCER of the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the carbon market in period t; The sale amount of carbon quotas of the fth other market subject in the carbon market in period t; The upper limits of purchase and sale of carbon quotas of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise, respectively; The upper limit of sale of CCER of the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise; The upper limit of sale of carbon quotas of the other market subject participating in the carbon market; b The buyer set in the carbon market; s The seller set in the carbon market; The carbon emission quota clearing price of the carbon market.

[0053] Moreover, the specific method for obtaining the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario based on the uncertain scenario set of wind power and photovoltaic power is:

[0054] A large number of wind power output scenarios subject to probability distribution constraints are generated by using Latin hypercube sampling to obtain the uncertain scenario set of wind power and photovoltaic power, and a fast backward reduction scenario reduction technique is used to process the scenario to perform scenario reduction to obtain the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario;

[0055] The CVaR-based electric-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market equilibrium transaction model of electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises considering new energy output uncertainty is constructed as:

[0056] The CVaR value of the multi-element coupling bidding model of electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises can be expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula: F CVaRCVaR value of the multi-coupling market revenue of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; VaR value of the multi-coupling market revenue of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; S is a typical scenario set; p s is a probability corresponding to the scenario s; z s is an auxiliary variable, representing a part of the multi-coupling market revenue of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in each scenario exceeding the ;

[0059] In the optimization model of the upper-layer electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise multi-coupling market, firstly, the maximum revenue of the coupling bid under each uncertain scenario is calculated, and secondly, the maximum expected revenue of the coupling bid is obtained by weighted summation based on the scenario probability, the maximum plus the minimum risk optimization objective, the risk aversion coefficient is introduced to convert the multi-objective function of the upper-layer model into a single objective function for solving; considering the risk after the wind and light output uncertainty, the final electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula: τ is a risk aversion coefficient, the value range is 0-1, τ=0, indicating that the risk is not considered.

[0062] An electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction system of an electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise, comprising:

[0063] An upper-layer decision model construction module, based on the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, constructs an upper-layer decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction;

[0064] A constraint condition set construction module, based on the market mechanism and transaction constraints of the market subject participating in the coupling market, constructs a constraint condition set of the upper-layer decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction;

[0065] A lower-layer model construction module, according to the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, respectively constructs a lower-layer power spot market optimal clearing model, a lower-layer hydrogen market optimal clearing model and a lower-layer carbon market optimal clearing model, taking the maximum social welfare of each market transaction as the objective function;

[0066] A typical scenario set construction module, based on the wind power and photovoltaic power uncertainty scenario set, obtains a typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario;

[0067] The market equilibrium transaction model construction module of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market is constructed based on the constructed electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction upper decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction and its constraint condition set, the lower power spot market optimal clearing model, the lower hydrogen market optimal clearing model, the lower carbon market optimal clearing model, and a typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario, and the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise considering new energy output uncertainty is constructed based on the conditional value at risk, and the model is solved;

[0068] The clearing module judges whether to perform equilibrium clearing based on the solution result of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise, and if equilibrium clearing is achieved, the power spot market, hydrogen market and carbon market clearing results, i.e. the winning electric quantity of the power market subject, the winning hydrogen quantity of the hydrogen market subject, and the winning carbon emission right quantity of the carbon market subject, are obtained.

[0069] Moreover, the objective function of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction upper decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction constructed in the upper decision model construction module is:

[0070] max F U = C E + C H + C CCER

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, F U is the total economic benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; C E , C H and C CCER are economic benefits obtained by the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the power spot market, hydrogen market and carbon market respectively; is the winning power generation power of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the period t; is the power spot market node marginal price in the period t; is the marginal power generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the period t; is the winning hydrogen sale quantity of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the period t; is the winning hydrogen purchase quantity of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the period t; is the hydrogen market hydrogen price in the period t; is the marginal power generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the period t; is the CEA price of the carbon market in the period t.

[0073] A computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the method.

[0074] Advantages and benefits of the present application:

[0075] 1. The present application proposes an electric-hydrogen-carbon coupling market under the electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise market transaction method and system, establishes a kind of electric-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market bidding strategy double-layer optimization model: the maximum benefit of electric-hydrogen coupling system market main body in upper layer;The optimal clearing process of electric-hydrogen-carbon coupling market in lower layer supports the bidding strategy of market main body in upper layer to determine the bidding strategy.The present application uses conditional value at risk to measure the market risk caused by new energy output uncertainty, and considers risk factor as the risk preference of decision maker to be included in bidding decision process.

[0076] 2. The present application considers that the coupling relationship between electric-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market is difficult to describe, and the mutual influence of transaction between markets is not clear, a kind of electric-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market bidding strategy double-layer optimization model is constructed: the maximum benefit of electric-hydrogen-carbon coupling enterprise market main body in upper layer;The optimal clearing process of electric-hydrogen-carbon coupling market in lower layer supports the bidding strategy of market main body in upper layer to determine the bidding strategy, realizes its reasonable price and quantity in multi-element coupling market, so as to determine its bidding strategy, realizes the maximum economic benefit of spot market and the balance between multi-element markets.Considering the uncertain output of new energy, conditional value at risk is used to measure the market risk caused by uncertainty, and risk factor is considered as the risk preference of decision maker to be included in bidding decision process.In the case of increasing new energy penetration rate, the present application prospectively emphasizes the balanced transaction decision model of electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise under multi-element coupling market transaction, and the influence on bidding decision under uncertainty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0077] Figure 1 It is the multi-element coupling market joint decision flow chart of the present application;

[0078] Figure 2 It is the typical scene set schematic diagram of wind power output of the present application;

[0079] Figure 3 It is the typical scene set schematic diagram of photovoltaic output of the present application;

[0080] Figure 4 It is the power spot market clearing price and winning electric quantity diagram of the present application;

[0081] Figure 5 It is the hydrogen market clearing hydrogen price and winning hydrogen quantity diagram of the present application;

[0082] Figure 6 It is the carbon market clearing carbon price and winning carbon quantity diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] The embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0084] A method for market transaction of an electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under an electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market, as shown in the figure, comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0085] Step 1: Based on the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, an upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is constructed.

[0086] The upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is mainly a bidding model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise, and the objective function is the maximization of the income of the market subject of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise.

[0087] The upper model is a decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the electricity-hydrogen coupling transaction spot market, and the maximization of the income of the electricity-hydrogen coupling system is taken as the decision objective function, which includes the income of the electricity spot market, the income of the hydrogen market, and the income of the carbon market. The income of the electricity spot market includes the electricity sales revenue and the power generation cost. The income of the hydrogen market includes the hydrogen sales revenue, the hydrogen purchase cost and the power generation cost. The income of the carbon market includes the CCER sales revenue.

[0088] The objective function of the construction of the upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is:

[0089] max F U = C E + C H + C CCER

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, F U is the total economic benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; C E , C H and C CCER are the economic benefits obtained by the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the electricity spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market respectively; is the winning power generation power of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the period t; is the node marginal price of the electricity spot market in the period t; is the marginal power generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the period t; is the winning hydrogen sales amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the period t; is the winning hydrogen purchase amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the period t; is the hydrogen price of the hydrogen market in the period t.​ Marginal electricity generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market for time period t; CEA price of the carbon market for time period t.

[0092] Step 2, based on the market mechanism and transaction constraints of the market participants participating in the coupling market, constructing a constraint condition set of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise's upper-level decision model for spot transaction under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction;

[0093] The constraint condition set of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise's upper-level decision model for spot transaction under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction includes:

[0094] 1) Quotation constraint:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] In the formula: Quotation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling system in the lth section for time period t; Respectively, the upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise's quotation in the electricity spot market; Quotation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market for time period t; Respectively, the upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise's hydrogen market hydrogen selling quotation; Respectively, the upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise's hydrogen market hydrogen purchasing quotation; Quotation of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the carbon market for time period t; Respectively, the upper and lower limits of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise's carbon market CCER quotation.

[0099] 2) Electrolyzer operation constraint:

[0100] The electrolyzer is the key equipment for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and its operation model is:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula: Hydrogen production mass of the electrolyzer for time period t; Electric power consumption of the electrolyzer for time period t; Electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer device; High heating value of hydrogen.

[0103] 3) Hydrogen storage tank operation constraint:

[0104] The electrolytic hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage tank; a hydrogen storage tank model is established based on an ideal gas state equation as follows:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is an ideal gas constant; T is the temperature of the gas; and M(t) is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t. LHS In the formula, P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is an ideal gas constant; T is the temperature of the gas; and M(t) is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t. H In the formula, P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is an ideal gas constant; T is the temperature of the gas; and M(t) is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t.

[0107] 4) Compressor operation constraints:

[0108] In order to improve the energy density of hydrogen, a compressor is used to pressurize the hydrogen, wherein the power consumption of the compressor is mainly related to the hydrogen compression ratio and the input hydrogen quantity, and the operation model of the compressor is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, Cp is the specific heat capacity of hydrogen; T is the temperature of the hydrogen input into the compressor; and γ is the isentropic index of hydrogen. in In the formula, P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is an ideal gas constant; T is the temperature of the gas; and M(t) is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t. CP In the formula, P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is an ideal gas constant; T is the temperature of the gas; and M(t) is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t.

[0111] 5) Liquefied hydrogen production equipment operation constraints:

[0112] In order to convert normal hydrogen into liquid hydrogen, compression, expansion and cooling are required, and in order to consider the power consumption of the liquid hydrogen production, the hydrogen liquefaction unit energy consumption is an index for measuring the operation power consumption of the liquid hydrogen production.

[0113] The hydrogen liquefaction unit energy consumption is the ratio of the total energy consumption of the liquefaction process to the unit mass flow of the product. For the hydrogen liquefaction process, the main power consumption equipment is the compressor, the expander and the cooler, which can output power and heat to the outside. The hydrogen liquefaction equipment operation model is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, E(t) is the hydrogen liquefaction process unit energy consumption at time t; W(t) is the power consumption of the compressor at time t; W(t) is the power consumption of the expander at time t; and Q(t) is the output heat of the cooler at time t. In the formula, E(t) is the hydrogen liquefaction process unit energy consumption at time t; W(t) is the power consumption of the compressor at time t; W(t) is the power consumption of the expander at time t; and Q(t) is the output heat of the cooler at time t.​​​​​​​​​​​ is the liquid hydrogen product mass at time period t; is the total power consumption of the hydrogen liquefaction process at time period t; is the hydrogen input mass of the hydrogen liquefaction process at time period t; is the efficiency of the hydrogen liquefaction process.

[0116] 6) Electrical power balance constraint:

[0117]

[0118] wherein: is the new energy output prediction value.

[0119] Step 3, according to the electrical-hydrogen-carbon coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, respectively constructing a lower layer power spot market optimal dispatch model, a lower layer hydrogen market optimal dispatch model and a lower layer carbon market optimal dispatch model, taking the maximum social welfare of each market transaction as the objective function;

[0120] The construction of the lower layer power spot market optimal dispatch model is:

[0121] In the power spot market, the market subjects are traditional energy power generation enterprises, electrical-hydrogen coupling enterprises and power users, and the objective function of the day-ahead market dispatch is the maximum social welfare of power transaction:

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] wherein: is the winning bid power of the vth power user in the cth segment at time period t; is the bid price of the vth power user in the cth segment at time period t; is the upper and lower limit of the winning bid power of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise in the oth segment; is the upper and lower limit of the winning bid power of the jth electrical-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth segment; is the upper and lower limit of the winning bid power of the vth power user in the cth segment; is the node set associated with node n; is the power user load set associated with node n; is the traditional energy power generation set associated with node n; is the electrical-hydrogen coupling enterprise set associated with node n;B n,m is the line susceptance from node n to node m; is the phase angle of node n and node m at time period t, respectively; is the line transmission power limit from node n to node m; and upper and lower limits of phase angle of node n in time period t; node marginal price of node n.

[0126] An optimal clearing model of the lower hydrogen market is constructed, and a social welfare maximization function is obtained to obtain the hydrogen market clearing result.

[0127] The optimal clearing model of the lower hydrogen market is constructed as follows:

[0128] In the hydrogen market, the market subjects are electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises, hydrogen energy users and other hydrogen selling enterprises, and the target function of the hydrogen market clearing is the maximization of the social welfare of hydrogen energy transactions:

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] In the formula: is the hydrogen gas purchase price of the u-th hydrogen user in the hydrogen market in time period t; are the hydrogen gas purchase and sale prices of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in time period t, respectively; is the hydrogen gas sale price of the r-th other hydrogen selling enterprise in time period t; is the winning hydrogen gas quality of the u-th hydrogen user in time period t; and are the winning purchase and sale hydrogen gas qualities of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in time period t, respectively; is the winning hydrogen gas quality of the r-th other hydrogen selling enterprise in time period t; are the upper and lower limits of the winning hydrogen gas quality of the u-th hydrogen user; are the upper and lower limits of the winning purchase hydrogen gas quality of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise, respectively; are the upper and lower limits of the winning sale hydrogen gas quality of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise, respectively; are the upper and lower limits of the winning hydrogen gas quality of the r-th other hydrogen selling enterprise; is a dual variable, i.e., the clearing hydrogen price of the hydrogen market.

[0133] An optimal clearing model of the lower carbon market is constructed, and a social welfare maximization function is obtained to obtain the carbon clearing result;

[0134] The optimal clearing model of the lower carbon market is constructed as follows:

[0135] In the carbon market, the market subjects are electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises, traditional energy power generation enterprises and other market subjects participating in the carbon market, and the target function of the carbon market clearing is the maximization of the social welfare of carbon market transactions:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] wherein: respectively are the bidding price of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise for buying and selling carbon quota in the carbon market in period t; is the bidding price of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise for selling CCER in the carbon market in period t; is the bidding price of the fth other market subject for selling carbon quota in the carbon market in period t; respectively are the winning amount of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise for buying and selling carbon quota in the carbon market in period t; is the winning amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise for selling CCER in the carbon market in period t; is the winning amount of the fth other market subject for selling carbon quota in the carbon market in period t; respectively are the upper limit of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise for buying and selling carbon quota; is the upper limit of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise for selling CCER; is the upper limit of the other market subject participating in the carbon market for selling carbon quota; b is the buyer set in the carbon market; s is the seller set in the carbon market; is the clearing price of carbon emission quota in the carbon market.

[0139] Step 4, based on the wind power and photovoltaic power uncertainty scenario set, a typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario are obtained;

[0140] The specific method for obtaining the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario based on the wind power and photovoltaic power uncertainty scenario set is as follows:

[0141] A large number of wind power output scenarios subject to probability distribution constraints are generated by Latin hypercube sampling to obtain the wind power and photovoltaic power uncertainty scenario set, and a fast backward reduction scenario reduction technique is used to process the scenario to perform scenario reduction to obtain the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario.

[0142] Step 5, based on the constructed electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction under the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise spot transaction upper decision model and its constraint condition set, the lower power spot market optimal clearing model, the lower hydrogen market optimal clearing model, the lower carbon market optimal clearing model, and the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario, an electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market under the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction model considering new energy output uncertainty is constructed based on the conditional value at risk, and is solved;

[0143] The specific method for constructing the market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market considering the uncertainty of new energy output based on the conditional value at risk is:

[0144] The CVaR value of the multi-element coupling bidding model of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise can be expressed as:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, F CVaR is the CVaR value of the multi-element coupling market income of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise; is the VaR value of the multi-element coupling market income of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise; S is a typical scenario set; p s is the probability corresponding to the scenario s; z s is an auxiliary variable, which represents the part of the multi-element coupling market income of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise exceeding the .

[0147] In the upper-layer electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise multi-element coupling market optimization model, firstly, the maximum income of the coupling bidding under each uncertain scenario is calculated, and secondly, the maximum expected income of the coupling bidding is obtained by weighted summation based on the scenario probability, the maximum plus the minimum risk optimization objective, the risk aversion coefficient is introduced to convert the multi-objective function of the upper-layer model into a single-objective function for solving; after considering the uncertainty risk of wind and light output, the market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market is:

[0148]

[0149] In the formula, t is the risk aversion coefficient, the value range is 0-1, t=0, which means that the risk is not considered.

[0150] Step 6, based on the solving result of the market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market, it is judged whether to realize the equilibrium clearing, if the equilibrium clearing is realized, the clearing result of the power spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market is obtained, and the clearing result includes the winning electricity quantity of the power market subject, the winning hydrogen quantity of the hydrogen market subject and the winning carbon emission right quantity of the carbon market subject.

[0151] An electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market transaction system under an electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market comprises:

[0152] An upper-layer decision model construction module constructs an upper-layer decision model of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise spot transaction under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction based on the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market mechanism and transaction rules;

[0153] A constraint condition set construction module constructs a constraint condition set of the upper-layer decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-coupling market transaction based on market mechanisms and transaction constraints of the market subject participating in the coupling market;

[0154] A lower-layer model construction module respectively constructs a lower-layer optimal dispatch model of the electricity spot market, a lower-layer optimal dispatch model of the hydrogen market and a lower-layer optimal dispatch model of the carbon market according to market mechanisms and transaction rules of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling market, and takes maximization of social welfare of each market transaction as an objective function;

[0155] A typical scenario set construction module obtains a typical scenario set and a probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario based on a wind power and photovoltaic power uncertainty scenario set;

[0156] An electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction model construction module constructs an electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction model under the electricity-hydrogen-coupling multi-element coupling market considering new energy output uncertainty based on the constructed upper-layer decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-coupling market transaction and its constraint condition set, the lower-layer optimal dispatch model of the electricity spot market, the lower-layer optimal dispatch model of the hydrogen market, the lower-layer optimal dispatch model of the carbon market, the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario, and solves the model based on the conditional value at risk;

[0157] A dispatch module judges whether to perform equilibrium dispatch based on a solution result of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise market equilibrium transaction model under the electricity-hydrogen-coupling multi-element coupling market, and obtains dispatch results of the electricity spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market, i.e., winning electricity quantity of the electricity market subject, winning hydrogen quantity of the hydrogen market subject and winning carbon emission right quantity of the carbon market subject, if equilibrium dispatch is achieved.

[0158] The objective function of the upper-layer decision model construction module for constructing the upper-layer decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-coupling market transaction is as follows:

[0159] max F U = C E + C H + C CCER

[0160]

[0161] In the formula, F U is total economic benefits of the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise; C E , C H and C CCER are economic benefits obtained by the electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise in the electricity spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market, respectively; is winning power of the jth electricity-hydrogen-coupling enterprise in the lth period in the tth period; The power spot market node marginal price for the time period t; The marginal generation cost of the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth segment for the time period t; The amount of hydrogen sold by the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market for the time period t; The amount of hydrogen purchased by the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market for the time period t; The hydrogen price in the hydrogen market for the time period t; The marginal generation cost of the jth electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market for the time period t; The CEA price in the carbon market for the time period t.

[0162] A computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the method.

[0163] The application will be further described below through specific examples:

[0164] The application is an electric-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market electric-hydrogen coupling system market equilibrium optimization transaction method.

[0165] An improved PJM5 machine 5 node system is selected as an example for simulation analysis. Four traditional energy power generation enterprises, electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises and electric power users participate in the electric power market competition. The electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises, traditional power generation enterprises and three other carbon quota selling enterprises participate in the carbon market competition. The electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises, two other hydrogen supply enterprises and hydrogen purchasing users participate in the hydrogen market competition. The electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises predict the wind power and photovoltaic output. The power generation enterprises and users adopt five-segment type quotation and quantity, and the electric-hydrogen coupling enterprises also adopt five-segment quotation to participate in market bidding.

[0166] Figure 4 Indicates the power spot market clearing price and the market subject winning amount. By Figure 4It can be seen that the power-hydrogen coupling system increases the amount of electricity cleared in the electricity spot market between 0:00-6:00. At 3:00, the clearing rate is the largest, reaching 60%. In the morning, as the load demand increases, the clearing price gradually increases, and the clearing rate of the power-hydrogen coupling system is more than 1 / 3. In the afternoon, as the load demand changes, the clearing price first decreases and then increases, and the clearing rate remains around 30%, which is less than the winning amount of unit 1. This is because the power-hydrogen coupling system increases the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen market, reduces the amount of electricity in the power market, and increases the clearing of G1, resulting in an increase in the clearing price. In the evening, as the power demand tightens significantly, the price decreases, the winning amount of the power-hydrogen coupling system decreases, and the amount of winning in the hydrogen market increases. G1 has the largest unit capacity, so its clearing rate in the day-ahead spot market is basically more than 30%, and its maximum clearing rate is 41.67%. G2 has a large CEI, which results in a small winning amount in the market, and the maximum clearing rate is only 14.23%. G4 and G5 have small unit capacities and are low-carbon emission units, so as the clearing price increases, the winning amount increases, and the clearing rate remains around 15% and 20%.

[0167] Figure 5 The winning hydrogen amount in the hydrogen market is represented by the hydrogen market clearing hydrogen price and the market winning hydrogen amount. Figure 5 It can be seen that, in order to reduce wind curtailment, the power-hydrogen coupling system clears in the hydrogen market through green electricity hydrogen production, with a maximum clearing rate of 77.91% between 0:00-8:00. During the day, as the hydrogen load demand gradually increases, the clearing hydrogen price increases. Since the profit in the power market is higher than that in the hydrogen market, the power-hydrogen coupling system prefers to supply in the power market, resulting in a decrease in the winning hydrogen amount, with a clearing rate of around 30%. In the evening, as the clearing electricity price decreases, the power-hydrogen coupling system increases the winning hydrogen amount in the hydrogen market, with a clearing rate of more than 40%, and the highest is 62.45%. Since green electricity hydrogen production has lower hydrogen production cost compared to traditional energy generation, green electricity hydrogen production has economic advantages in the hydrogen market. On the basis of meeting the hydrogen load, the power-hydrogen coupling system increases the winning hydrogen amount in the coupled market, and the market clearing is ideal. At the same time, according to the mutual influence of the coupled market, the bidding strategy of the power-hydrogen coupling system in the hydrogen market is determined.

[0168] Figure 6 The carbon market clearing carbon price and the market winning CEA quantity are represented by Figure 6It can be seen that the EHCS totally won 172.68t CCER, and in the initial carbon compliance period, due to the sufficient CEA of the traditional unit, the EHCS won less CCER in the carbon market, and the maximum won 12.29t CCER. With the approaching of the compliance period, the demand for the quota of the traditional unit increased, which led to the increase of the carbon price in the carbon market, and in the period of 18:00-24:00, the EHCS won more CCER in the carbon market, and the maximum won 20t and the minimum won 5.97t. G1 won the maximum CEA and the maximum electricity, and the carbon emission exceeded the national allocated carbon quota, and more CEA was needed to be purchased to complete the full payment task, and 100.05t CCER was purchased. G2 and G1 had similar market behaviors, and due to the shortage of the quota resources, they purchased carbon quota in most time periods, and 27.09t CCER was purchased. G1 and G2 units are high-emission units, and in order to obtain benefits in the carbon market, they sell a certain amount of carbon quota in the initial compliance period, and purchase the quota in most time. G4 is a low-carbon emission unit, and there is a surplus quota after accounting, and it purchases the quota in the market when the carbon price is low, and sells the quota when the carbon price is high to realize arbitrage in the carbon market. 230.41t is sold. G5 is a low-carbon emission gas unit, and there is a small amount of surplus CEA after accounting, so it has less market behavior in the carbon market, and only 32.4t is sold. In the carbon market with bidding strategy, with the approaching of the compliance period, the carbon price increases, and the EHCS wins more CCER in the carbon market, and obtains more benefits.

[0169] Compared with the electricity-carbon coupling model, the multi-element coupling transaction results of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise are analyzed. Model 1 is the model proposed in the application, and model 2 is the electricity-carbon coupling model, mainly considering the carbon quota constraint, and the hydrogen market adopts a fixed price.

[0170] As shown in Table 1, the economic benefits of the model proposed in the application in multiple markets have certain advantages over other models, and the total economic benefits of model 1 are 22.24% more than those of model 2. In model 2, the traditional unit has a total carbon quota limit, in order to fully realize the electricity-carbon coupling benefits, the power market clearing of the traditional unit is more than that of model 1, and the economic benefits of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the power market are slightly less; the hydrogen market model of model 1 is in the form of bidding, and more market benefits are obtained than model 2, and the difference in economic benefits between model 1 and model 2 mainly comes from the hydrogen market, which shows that the market mechanism under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction and the coupling transaction decision made by the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise has economic benefit advantages.

[0171] To verify the influence of different risk-averse coefficients on the bidding revenue and CVaR, Table 2 shows the influence of risk-averse coefficients on market revenue. The results show that the expected revenue decreases with the increase of risk-averse coefficients, indicating that enterprises reduce self-generating economic revenue and minimize market risk caused by uncertainty parameters in order to resist risks, and adopt more conservative bidding strategies in all scenarios. CVaR increases with the increase of risk-averse coefficients, indicating that the more risk-averse the enterprise is, the more conservative the bidding strategy of the decision is, and the lower the risk it faces, that is, the value of CVaR increases.

[0172] Table 1 shows the results of the revenue of the electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise under different models

[0173]

[0174] Table 2 shows the revenue-risk results under different risk-averse coefficients

[0175] Risk aversion coefficient Expected return (ten thousand yuan) CVaR value (ten thousand yuan) 0 77.378 77.1183 0.2 77.3658 77.1300 0.4 77.352 77.1312 0.6 77.3441 77.1406 0.8 77.3321 77.1498 1 77.3262 77.1584

[0176] It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present application are illustrative rather than limiting, and therefore the present application includes but is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and any other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art from the technical solutions of the present application also belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric-hydrogen-car coupling market under the electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise market transaction method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: An upper decision model of spot transaction of an electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is constructed based on an electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market mechanism and transaction rules; A constraint condition set of the upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is constructed based on a market mechanism and transaction constraints of a market subject participating in the coupling market; Lower electricity spot market optimal clearing models, lower hydrogen market optimal clearing models and lower carbon market optimal clearing models are respectively constructed based on the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, with a maximum social welfare of each market transaction as an objective function; Based on a wind power and photovoltaic power uncertain scenario set, a typical scenario set and a probability of occurrence of each scenario are obtained; Based on the constructed upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction, the constraint condition set, the lower electricity spot market optimal clearing models, the lower hydrogen market optimal clearing models, the lower carbon market optimal clearing models, the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario, and based on a conditional value at risk, a market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market considering new energy output uncertainty is constructed and solved; Based on a solution result of the market equilibrium transaction model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-element coupling market, it is determined whether to perform equilibrium clearing, and if equilibrium clearing is achieved, electricity spot market, hydrogen market and carbon market clearing results are obtained, the clearing results comprising winning electricity quantity of an electricity market subject, winning hydrogen quantity of a hydrogen market subject and winning carbon emission right quantity of a carbon market subject; The objective function of the constructed upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction is: maxF U = C E + C H + C CCER In the formula: F U is the total economic benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; C E , C H and C CCER are the economic benefits obtained by the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the electricity spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market, respectively; is the winning bid power of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the time period t; is the node marginal price of the electricity spot market in the time period t; is the marginal power generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the time period t; is the winning bid hydrogen sale amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the winning bid hydrogen purchase amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the hydrogen price of the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the marginal power generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the CEA price of the carbon market in the time period t; The constraint condition set of the constructed upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction comprises: Electrolytic cell operation constraint: The electrolytic cell is a key equipment for water electrolysis hydrogen production, and its operation model is: wherein: is the mass of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer during the time period t; is the electrical power consumed by the electrolysis of water by the electrolyzer during the time period t; is the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer apparatus; is the high heating value of hydrogen; Hydrogen storage tank operation constraint: The hydrogen produced by electrolysis is stored in the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage tank model is established based on an ideal gas state equation as follows: wherein: P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V LHS is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is the ideal gas constant; T H is the temperature of the gas; is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t; is the relative molecular mass of hydrogen.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The constraint condition set of the constructed upper decision model of spot transaction of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise under the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market transaction further comprises: Quotation constraint: wherein: Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; and Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; and Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; and Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; and Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; and Pj, l(t) is the offer of the jth e-hybrid system in period t for the lth segment; Compressor operation constraint: The power consumption of the compressor is mainly related to the hydrogen compression ratio and the inlet quantity, and its operation model is: wherein: C H2 is the specific heat capacity of hydrogen; T in is the temperature of hydrogen input into the compressor; γ is the isentropic index of hydrogen; and are the output hydrogen pressure and the input hydrogen pressure of the compressor, respectively, is the compression ratio; P t CP is the total power consumption of the compressor in the time period t; is the hydrogen mass input into the compressor in the time period t; η CP is the working efficiency of the compressor; Liquefied hydrogen production equipment operation constraint: The hydrogen liquefaction equipment operation model is: In the formula: Wt is the unit energy consumption of the hydrogen liquefaction process at time period t; W t CP Wt is the compressor power consumption at time period t; W t EX Wt is the expander power consumption at time period t; W t HEX Qct is the cooler output heat at time period t; Mht is the liquid hydrogen product mass at time period t; Wt is the total power consumption of the hydrogen liquefaction process at time period t; W Mht is the hydrogen liquefaction process hydrogen input mass at time period t; η is the efficiency of the hydrogen liquefaction process; Electric power balance constraint: In the formula: is a new energy output prediction value.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The lower electricity spot market optimal clearing model is constructed as follows: ​ wherein: is the winning bid power of the vth electricity user in the cth segment at time period t; is the bid of the vth electricity user in the cth segment at time period t; and are the upper and lower bounds of the winning bid electricity of the ith traditional energy power generation enterprise in the oth segment; and are the upper and lower bounds of the winning bid electricity of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth segment; and are the upper and lower bounds of the winning bid electricity of the vth electricity user in the cth segment; is the set of nodes associated with node n; is the set of electricity user loads associated with node n; is the set of traditional energy power generation units associated with node n; is the set of electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise units associated with node n;B n,m is the line susceptance from node n to node m; and are the phase angles of node n and node m at time period t, respectively; is the line transmission power limit from node n to node m; and are the upper and lower bounds of the phase angle of node n at time period t; is the node marginal price of node n.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The lower hydrogen market optimal clearing model is constructed as follows: where: Pju(t) is the hydrogen purchase offer of the u-th hydrogen user in the hydrogen market at time period t; and Pjbj(t) and Pjbs(t) are the purchase and sale offers of the j-th e-h coupling firm at time period t, respectively; Prbs(t) is the sale offer of the r-th other hydrogen seller at time period t; Qju(t) is the winning hydrogen mass of the u-th hydrogen user at time period t; and Qjbj(t) and Qjbs(t) are the winning purchase and sale hydrogen mass of the j-th e-h coupling firm at time period t, respectively; Qrbs(t) is the winning hydrogen mass of the r-th other hydrogen seller at time period t; and Qju(t) and Qju(t) are the lower and upper bounds of the winning hydrogen mass of the u-th hydrogen user, respectively; and Qjbj(t) and Qjbj(t) are the lower and upper bounds of the winning purchase hydrogen mass of the j-th e-h coupling firm, respectively; and Qjbs(t) and Qjbs(t) are the lower and upper bounds of the winning sale hydrogen mass of the j-th e-h coupling firm, respectively; and Qrbs(t) and Qrbs(t) are the lower and upper bounds of the winning hydrogen mass of the r-th other hydrogen seller, respectively; P* is the dual variable, i.e., the market clearing hydrogen price.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The lower carbon market optimal clearing model is constructed as follows: ​ In the formula: and respectively, the offer of the i-th traditional energy power generation enterprise to buy and sell carbon quotas in the carbon market in period t; is the offer of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise to sell CCER in the carbon market in period t; is the offer of the f-th other market subject to sell carbon quotas in the carbon market in period t; and respectively, the winning amount of the i-th traditional energy power generation enterprise to buy and sell carbon quotas in the carbon market in period t; is the winning amount of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise to sell CCER in the carbon market in period t; is the winning amount of the f-th other market subject to sell carbon quotas in the carbon market in period t; and respectively, the upper limit of the i-th traditional energy power generation enterprise to buy and sell carbon quotas; is the upper limit of the j-th electric-hydrogen coupling enterprise to sell CCER; is the upper limit of the other market subject participating in the carbon market to sell carbon quotas; Γ b is a set of buyers in the carbon market; Γ s is a set of sellers in the carbon market; is the carbon market clearing price for carbon emission allowances.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The specific method for obtaining the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario based on the wind power and photovoltaic power uncertain scenario set is: A large number of wind power output scenarios subject to probability distribution constraints are generated by using Latin hypercube sampling to obtain the wind power and photovoltaic power uncertain scenario set, and a fast backward reduction scenario reduction technique is used to process the scenario to perform scenario reduction to obtain the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of each scenario; The CVaR is used to build an electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market equilibrium trading model of an electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise considering new energy output uncertainty. The CVaR value of the multi-coupling bidding model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise can be expressed as: In the formula, F CVaR is the CVaR value of the multi-coupling market benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; θ is the VaR value of the multi-coupling market benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; S is a typical scenario set; ρ s is the probability corresponding to the scenario s; ζ s is an auxiliary variable, representing the part of the multi-coupling market benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise exceeding θ in each scenario. In the optimization model of the upper electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise multi-coupling market, firstly, the maximum revenue of the coupling bidding under each uncertain scenario is calculated, and secondly, the maximum expected revenue of the coupling bidding is obtained by weighted summation based on the scenario probability, and the maximum plus the minimum risk optimization objective is introduced to convert the multi-objective function of the upper model into a single objective function for solving; considering the risk of wind and light output uncertainty, the final electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market equilibrium trading model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise is as follows: In the formula: τ is the risk aversion coefficient, the value range is 0-1, τ=0, which means no risk is considered.

7. An electric-hydrogen-coupling market under the electric-hydrogen-coupling market transaction system of an enterprise market, characterized in that: It comprises: The upper decision model construction module is used to construct an electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market trading upper decision model of an electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise based on the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market mechanism and transaction rules; The constraint condition set construction module is used to construct a constraint condition set of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market trading upper decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise based on the market mechanism and transaction constraints of the market subject participating in the coupling market; The lower model construction module is used to construct a lower power spot market optimal clearing model, a lower hydrogen market optimal clearing model and a lower carbon market optimal clearing model according to the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market mechanism and transaction rules, with the maximum social welfare of each market transaction as the objective function; The typical scenario set construction module is used to obtain a typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario based on a wind power and photovoltaic power uncertainty scenario set; The electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market equilibrium trading model construction module is used to construct and solve an electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market equilibrium trading model of an electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise considering new energy output uncertainty based on the constructed electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market trading upper decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise and its constraint condition set, the lower power spot market optimal clearing model, the lower hydrogen market optimal clearing model and the lower carbon market optimal clearing model, and the typical scenario set and the probability of occurrence of the corresponding typical scenario; The clearing module is used to determine whether to clear based on the solution of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon multi-coupling market equilibrium trading model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise, and if the clearing is achieved, the power spot market, hydrogen market and carbon market clearing results are obtained, i.e. the winning power amount of the power market subject, the winning hydrogen amount of the hydrogen market subject and the winning carbon emission right amount of the carbon market subject. The objective function of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market trading upper decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise constructed in the upper decision model construction module is as follows: maxF U = C E + C H + C CCER In the formula: F U is the total economic benefit of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise; C E , C H and C CCER are economic benefits obtained by the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the electricity spot market, the hydrogen market and the carbon market, respectively; is the winning generation power of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the time period t; is the node marginal price of the electricity spot market in the time period t; is the marginal generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the lth section in the time period t; is the winning hydrogen sale amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the winning hydrogen purchase amount of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the hydrogen price of the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the marginal generation cost of the jth electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise in the hydrogen market in the time period t; is the CEA price of the carbon market in the time period t; The constraint condition set of the electricity-hydrogen-carbon coupling market trading upper decision model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling enterprise constructed in the upper decision model construction module comprises: The electrolyzer operation constraint: The electrolyzer is a key equipment for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and its operation model is as follows: wherein: is the mass of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer during the time period t; is the electrical power consumed by the electrolysis of water by the electrolyzer during the time period t; is the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer device; is the high heating value of hydrogen; The hydrogen storage tank operation constraint: The electrolytic hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage tank, and a hydrogen storage tank model is established based on an ideal gas state equation as follows: wherein: P(t) is the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; V LHS V is the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R is the ideal gas constant; T H T is the temperature of the gas; m(t) is the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank at time t; M is the relative molecular mass of hydrogen.

8. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

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