A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system and method, belonging to the field of three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation, including a data acquisition and judgment module, an interpolation calculation module, a modeling and analysis module, a borehole geological point recommendation module, a geological data search and supplement module, and a result output module; the data acquisition and judgment module is used for collecting borehole geological data, geological profile data, terrain data, and geological interface data, and setting matching rules to match the best interpolation algorithm combination; the present invention realizes the accurate matching of geological data and the optimal algorithm, the effective processing of abnormal data, the rapid positioning of abnormal areas, and the continuous supplement of key geological information, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation, and providing strong technical support for geological exploration and research work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation, and specifically relates to a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geological exploration and research, accurately obtaining the spatial information of three-dimensional geological bodies is crucial for in-depth understanding of underground geological structures, resource distribution, and geological hazard assessment. As a key technical means, the core objective of three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation is to reasonably estimate the geological attributes of unsampled areas through limited borehole data and geological data, and then construct a high-precision three-dimensional geological model.

[0003] Traditional three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation methods have many limitations when facing complex geological conditions. In terms of interpolation algorithm selection, there is often a lack of an intelligent matching mechanism, and it is unable to quickly and accurately determine the best combination of interpolation algorithms based on known borehole data and geological data. This will not only make it difficult for the interpolation calculation results to highly match the actual geological conditions, but also reduce the calculation efficiency. In addition, when performing interpolation calculations and modeling, there is often a lack of specific analysis and processing of anomalies, and it does not have the functions of recommending borehole geological points and searching for and supplementing relevant geological data, thus hindering the further optimization and improvement of the geological model. Therefore, a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system and method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention proposes a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system and method, enabling relevant personnel to quickly obtain geological attribute data.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system includes a data acquisition and judgment module, an interpolation calculation module, a modeling and analysis module, a borehole geological point recommendation module, a geological data search and supplement module, and a result output module;

[0007] The data acquisition and judgment module is used to collect borehole geological data, geological profile data, terrain data, and geological interface data, and set matching rules to match the best combination of interpolation algorithms;

[0008] The interpolation calculation module calculates the attribute values at unknown positions in three-dimensional space based on known geological data. When the calculation result is normal, the result is transmitted to the modeling and analysis module, and when the result is abnormal, the anomaly is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module;

[0009] The modeling and analysis module constructs a three-dimensional geological body model based on the results obtained from interpolation calculations. When the geological model is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the borehole geological point recommendation module;

[0010] The borehole geological point recommendation module recommends the best borehole geological points based on the abnormality and collects the geological data at these points. When the data cannot be collected, other borehole geological points are recommended. When the data of other borehole geological points still cannot be collected, the data is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module;

[0011] The geological data search and supplement module queries the relevant data of interpolation calculation abnormalities and modeling abnormalities and transmits the data to the data collection and matching module;

[0012] The result output module outputs the processed and analyzed results.

[0013] Furthermore, the data collection and judgment module is used to collect borehole geological data, geological profile data, terrain data, and geological interface data, and set matching rules. The process of matching the best interpolation algorithm combination is as follows:

[0014] Collecting borehole geological data includes lithology information, stratigraphic division, and physical property parameters. Geological profile data includes stratigraphic interfaces and structural information. Terrain data is the elevation information of the terrain. Geological interface data includes stratigraphic dividing lines and rock mass dividing line data. The data is collected into a unified dataset, and the data is verified and cleaned;

[0015] First, calculate the spatial coverage density of the borehole data. The number of boreholes per square kilometer less than 5 is sparse, the number of boreholes per square kilometer greater than or equal to 5 and less than 15 is medium, and the number of boreholes per square kilometer greater than 15 is dense. Then, determine the main axis direction of the data distribution through principal component analysis, and judge the division status of the borehole distribution area based on the geological interface data. Finally, based on the stratigraphic coding or sudden change of physical property parameters, identify the vertical stratification structure, compare the consistency between the borehole elevation and the terrain, and mark the areas with significant terrain undulations at the same time;

[0016] When there are faults or discontinuous interfaces in the data, match the segmented Kriging and natural neighbor methods, and forcefully divide the interpolation area, and process the two sides of the fault independently. When the boreholes are sparse but the profile data is rich, match the co-Kriging and random forest regression, and use the profile data as an auxiliary variable. When the terrain undulation is significant and is a key constraint, use the DEM as the interpolation base, and match the TIN terrain-driven triangulation and Kriging property interpolation. When the vertical stratification is clear, match the stratified IDW and stratigraphic thickness constraints, and interpolate according to the stratigraphic division, and each layer is processed separately;

[0017] Dynamically adjust the weights of each algorithm combination based on the borehole data density.

[0018] Further, the process of dynamically adjusting the weights of each algorithm combination based on the drilling data density is as follows:

[0019] When the drilling data density for matching piecewise Kriging and natural neighbor method is high, piecewise Kriging is assigned 80% weight and natural neighbor method is assigned 20% weight. When the drilling data density is medium, according to the drilling density data, piecewise Kriging is assigned 30% - 80% weight and natural neighbor method is assigned 20% - 70% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the drilling data density is low, piecewise Kriging is assigned 30% weight and natural neighbor method is assigned 70% weight;

[0020] When the drilling data density for matching co - Kriging and random forest regression is high, co - Kriging is assigned 80% weight and random forest regression is assigned 20% weight. When the drilling data density is medium, according to the drilling density data, co - Kriging is assigned 40% - 80% weight and random forest regression is assigned 20% - 60% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the drilling data density is low, co - Kriging is assigned 40% weight and random forest regression is assigned 60% weight;

[0021] When the drilling data density for matching Kriging attribute interpolation and TIN terrain - driven triangulation is high, Kriging attribute interpolation is assigned 70% weight and TIN terrain - driven triangulation is assigned 30% weight. When the drilling data density is medium, according to the drilling density data, Kriging attribute interpolation is assigned 45% - 70% weight and TIN terrain - driven triangulation is assigned 30% - 55% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the drilling data density is low, Kriging attribute interpolation is assigned 45% weight and TIN terrain - driven triangulation is assigned 55% weight;

[0022] When the drilling data density for matching hierarchical IDW and terrain thickness constraint is high, hierarchical IDW is assigned 75% weight and terrain thickness constraint is assigned 25% weight. When the drilling data density is medium, according to the drilling density data, hierarchical IDW is assigned 35% - 75% weight and terrain thickness constraint is assigned 25% - 65% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the drilling data density is low, hierarchical IDW is assigned 35% weight and terrain thickness constraint is assigned 65% weight.

[0023] When using the interpolation algorithm combination for calculation, dynamically adjusting the contribution ratio of different algorithms in the final result according to the drilling data density can achieve a locally optimal interpolation effect.

[0024] Further, the interpolation calculation module calculates the attribute value at an unknown location in the three - dimensional space based on the known geological data. When the calculation result is normal, the result is transmitted to the modeling and analysis module. When the result is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module, and the process is as follows:

[0025] Perform calculations using a matching interpolation algorithm, and preset the range threshold of the interpolation result and the threshold of the change rate of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points;

[0026] If the interpolation result exceeds the preset range threshold, it is judged as abnormal; when the interpolation result does not exceed the preset range threshold, calculate the change rate of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points. When the change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points, it is judged as abnormal, and the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module; when the change rate does not exceed the preset change rate threshold of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points, it is judged as normal, and the calculation result is transmitted to the modeling and analysis module.

[0027] Further, the modeling and analysis module constructs a three-dimensional geological body model based on the results obtained from the interpolation calculation. When the geological model is abnormal, the process of transmitting the abnormality to the borehole geological point recommendation module is as follows:

[0028] First, input the interpolation calculation data, convert the interpolation data into a voxel model, and store the spatial coordinates and attribute values for each voxel unit; then extract the isosurface to construct the continuous boundary surface of the geological body; finally, smooth and denoise the extracted isosurface and finally output a three-dimensional solid model that conforms to geological laws;

[0029] Set the abnormal determination rules to automatically determine abnormalities. The specific rules are as follows: contradictions in the rock layer sequence and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault inconsistent with the geological map are judged as abnormal; the attribute value exceeding the preset geological constraint range is judged as abnormal; the presence of isolated fragments and non-continuous structures in the morphology is judged as abnormal;

[0030] Determine the abnormal area according to the rules. When there is no abnormality, transmit the data to the result output module. When an abnormality is found, mark the abnormal area, and calculate the centroid coordinates of the abnormal area, the maximum value of the interpolation standard deviation within the abnormal area, and the influence radius, and output the data to the borehole geological point recommendation module.

[0031] Further, the borehole geological point recommendation module recommends the best borehole geological point according to the abnormality and collects the geological data at this point. When it is impossible to collect, recommend other borehole geological points. When the data of other borehole geological points still cannot be collected, the process of transmitting the data to the geological data search and supplement module is as follows:

[0032] Receive data of the abnormal area. When the abnormality is that the formation sequence is contradictory and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, taking the coordinates of the fault turning point as the benchmark, extend 50 meters along the fault strike directions before and after the turning, and set the intersection as the optimal drilling point; when the abnormality is that the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, taking the extreme value point of the abnormality as the starting point, advance 30 meters along the gradient direction, and set this point as the optimal drilling point; when the abnormality is that there are isolated debris bodies or discontinuous structures in the morphology, taking the boundary points of the debris bodies as the benchmark, move towards the center, and the moving distance is ΔX = 10⋅cosθ, ΔY = 10⋅sinθ, where ΔX and ΔY are the projection components along the X-axis and Y-axis, and θ is the tangent direction angle of the boundary point;

[0033] Among them, the advancing meters can be 10 meters for every 10% change in the gradient;

[0034] After setting the optimal drilling point, preset the safety margin of the drilling depth, and set the depth of the bottom boundary of the abnormal body plus the safety margin as the drilling depth;

[0035] Output the obtained optimal drilling geological points, and manually judge whether drilling can be implemented. When drilling can be implemented, collect the data of the drilling points for secondary interpolation calculation; when drilling cannot be implemented, recommend other drilling geological points, and collect the data of these drilling points for secondary interpolation calculation;

[0036] When drilling cannot be implemented at all drilling points, transmit the data of the abnormal area to the geological data search and supplement module.

[0037] After receiving the data of the abnormal area, directly select the surface projection point of the centroid coordinates of the abnormal area as the optimal drilling geological point, and preset the safety margin of the drilling depth. Determine the drilling depth by adding the margin to the bottom boundary depth of the abnormal body. This method can accurately locate the key drilling positions, ensure that the drill hole touches the abnormal body while taking safety into account.

[0038] Furthermore, when drilling cannot be implemented, the process of recommending other drilling geological points and collecting the data of these drilling points for secondary interpolation calculation is as follows:

[0039] Taking the centroid of the original recommended point as the center, expand an annular buffer zone outward, and generate candidate points in the buffer zone according to the polar coordinate grid;

[0040] Calculate the reduction amount of the interpolation variance of the candidate points and the maximum reduction amount of the variance among all candidate points the Euclidean distance from the candidate point to the centroid of the original abnormal area and the maximum allowable offset distance , and calculate the scores of the candidate points obtained based on these data , and the specific formula is:

[0041] ;

[0042] Among them, are the weight coefficients of the distance priority and the variance optimization priority respectively, and need to satisfy ; Sort the calculated scoring results, output the top three data points with the highest scores as the recommended drilling points, and output the recommended drilling points;

[0043] Manually judge whether drilling can be carried out at the drilling point. When drilling can be carried out, collect the data of this drilling point for secondary interpolation calculation.

[0044] Furthermore, the geological data search and supplement module queries the relevant data of interpolation calculation anomalies and modeling anomalies, and transmits the data to the data acquisition and matching module. The processing process is as follows:

[0045] Receive interpolation calculation anomalies, and search for historical exploration data, geophysical exploration data, remote sensing topographic data, and geological maps and engineering exposure data. The historical exploration data includes the unused drill core descriptions, logging curves, and assay data within a search radius of 500 meters centered on the anomaly point; the geophysical exploration data includes magnetic method and gravity anomaly maps and ground electrical method profiles with a grid accuracy of 50 meters; the remote sensing and topographic data includes 1-meter resolution LiDAR point clouds, hyperspectral images, and InSAR deformation data; the geological maps and engineering exposure data includes the extraction of faults, lithological boundaries, adjacent tunnels, statistical data of rock mass structural planes in mine catalogs, and logging parameters of engineering drill holes in the 1:10,000 geological map;

[0046] Receive modeling anomaly data. When the anomaly is a contradiction in the rock layer sequence and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, search for fault kinematic data, stratigraphic marker bed data, and tectonic stress field data. The fault kinematic data includes the fault scratch direction and step structure photos extracted from geological literature or tectonic analysis reports. The stratigraphic marker bed data includes the drill hole columnar diagrams within a radius of 500 meters of the anomaly area, and the depth and lithological descriptions of the key marker beds are extracted from the columnar diagrams. The tectonic stress field data includes the analysis results of the regional tectonic stress field;

[0047] When the anomaly is that the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, search for core geochemical data, alteration-mineralization zoning maps, and dynamic monitoring data. The core geochemical data includes the core assay results of adjacent drill holes in the anomaly area extracted from the historical exploration database. The alteration-mineralization zoning maps include the alteration mineral mapping data and geochemical element isogram maps of the mining area. The dynamic monitoring data includes the monitoring records of groundwater level, ground temperature, or gas concentration;

[0048] When the anomaly is the existence of isolated debris and discontinuous structures in the morphology, high-resolution remote sensing data, engineering exposure data, and geophysical anomaly verification data are searched. The high-resolution remote sensing data includes LiDAR point clouds and multispectral images. The engineering exposure data includes the geological records of tunnels and mines within 1 km, and the statistical data of rock mass structural planes and the positions of lithological contact zones are extracted. The geophysical anomaly verification data includes ground high-density electrical method or magnetic method profile data;

[0049] The queried data is transmitted to the data acquisition and matching module.

[0050] A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation method, the specific steps are as follows:

[0051] S1. Collect existing borehole data and geological data, and judge the best interpolation algorithm combination according to the borehole data density and geological data, and dynamically adjust the interpolation algorithm weights at the same time;

[0052] S2. Calculate the interpolation result according to the algorithm combination, and analyze the interpolation result. When the interpolation result is abnormal, search for abnormal related data and perform secondary interpolation calculation to optimize the interpolation result; when the interpolation result is normal, use the calculation result for modeling;

[0053] S3. Analyze the modeling. When there is no anomaly in the modeling, output the result. When the modeling is abnormal, locate the abnormal area, generate the best borehole geological point according to the abnormal area, and collect the data of this point for secondary calculation and modeling. When the best geological point cannot be used, recommend other geological points and perform data collection and calculation and modeling;

[0054] S4. When drilling cannot be carried out, search for relevant data in the abnormal area and perform secondary calculation and modeling according to the relevant data

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0056] The present invention sets up a data acquisition and matching module. First, it can quickly and accurately match the best interpolation algorithm combination according to the known borehole data and geological data, so that the interpolation calculation is highly consistent with the actual geological conditions, greatly improving the accuracy of the interpolation result. Secondly, this module can also judge the interpolation algorithm according to the coverage density of the borehole data and dynamically allocate weights, and adjust the contribution ratio of different algorithms in the final result, which can not only avoid errors caused by uneven data distribution, but also achieve the local optimal interpolation effect;

[0057] The present invention provides an interpolation calculation module. By presetting range thresholds, it can quickly identify interpolation results that deviate significantly from the normal range, promptly screen out abnormal situations, avoid interference from abnormal data in subsequent analysis, and ensure the reliability of data. When the interpolation result does not exceed the range threshold, it further calculates the change rate of attribute values and compares it with the preset change rate threshold, capable of detecting potential abnormal changes, thereby effectively identifying subtle but crucial abnormal features in the data;

[0058] The present invention provides a modeling and analysis module. Through the set abnormal determination rules, it can comprehensively and accurately automatically identify abnormalities. When an abnormality is detected, it can also quickly locate the abnormal area; by calculating the centroid coordinates, the maximum value of interpolation standard deviation, and the influence radius, it can also provide a strong basis for subsequent steps;

[0059] The present invention provides a recommended borehole geological point module. It can accurately recommend the best borehole geological point based on the modeling abnormal area. When the geological data of this point can be collected, it can achieve the purpose of further optimizing the geological model. When the data of the best borehole geological point cannot be collected, it will recommend other borehole geological points to ensure continuous supplementation of key geological information and maintain the coherence of exploration work; when the data of other recommended borehole geological points still cannot be collected, it can also promptly transmit the data to the geological data search and supplementation module to supplement key data by searching for data related to the abnormal area;

[0060] The present invention provides a geological data search and supplementation module, which can conduct supplementary analysis on the abnormalities of the interpolation calculation module and the modeling and analysis module. When an abnormality occurs in the interpolation calculation module, it will search for and supplement data according to the interpolation calculation abnormality, effectively ensuring the integrity and continuity of the data. This not only improves the accuracy of the interpolation calculation results but also avoids incorrect analysis caused by data missing or abnormal, and at the same time can ensure that subsequent modeling and analysis are based on a reliable data foundation;

[0061] When an abnormality occurs in the modeling and analysis module, it will supplement data according to the modeling abnormality. When the abnormality manifests as a contradiction in the rock layer sequence and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, by obtaining fault kinematic data, stratigraphic marker bed data, and tectonic stress field data, it can more accurately analyze the geological tectonic movement process and restore the true tectonic scenario in the geological historical period to correct the modeling deviation;

[0062] When the anomaly is that the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, core geochemical data, alteration-mineralization zoning maps, and dynamic monitoring data are obtained through search, which can deeply understand the material composition, chemical property changes, and dynamic evolution process of geological bodies, provide key basis for correcting model attribute parameters, and make the model more conform to the actual geological conditions; when the anomaly is the existence of isolated fragments and discontinuous structures in the morphology, high-resolution remote sensing data, engineering exposure data, and geophysical anomaly verification data are obtained through search, which can depict the morphology of geological bodies comprehensively from macro to micro, fill the gap in the description of the structural morphology of the model, and construct a more complete and real geological model;

[0063] In summary, the present invention can first quickly match the corresponding interpolation algorithm combination according to geological data by collecting geological data, and can dynamically adjust the algorithm weights according to borehole data, so as to achieve the matching of geological data and the optimal algorithm; when an anomaly occurs in the interpolation calculation, relevant geological data can be searched and supplemented according to the specific anomaly to optimize the interpolation calculation steps; when an anomaly occurs in the modeling, the abnormal area can be located, and the best borehole geological point can be recommended according to the abnormal area. When data cannot be collected at the best borehole geological point, other borehole geological points will be recommended. When data still cannot be collected at other geological points, data search and supplementation of geological points will be carried out to further improve the geological information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 It is a result output diagram of a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0066] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] As Figure 1 shown, a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system includes a data acquisition and judgment module, an interpolation calculation module, a modeling analysis module, a borehole geological point recommendation module, a geological data search and supplementation module, and a result output module;

[0068] The data acquisition and judgment module is used to collect borehole geological data, geological profile data, terrain data, and geological interface data, and set matching rules to match the best interpolation algorithm combination;

[0069] In this embodiment, the data acquisition and judgment module is used to acquire borehole geological data, geological section data, terrain data, and geological interface data, and set matching rules. The process of matching the best interpolation algorithm combination is as follows:

[0070] The acquisition of borehole geological data includes lithology information, stratigraphic division, and physical property parameters. Geological section data includes stratigraphic interfaces and structural information. Terrain data is the elevation information of the terrain. Geological interface data includes stratigraphic dividing lines and rock mass dividing line data. The data is collected into a unified dataset, and the data is verified and cleaned.

[0071] First, calculate the spatial coverage density of the borehole data. If the number of boreholes per square kilometer is less than 5, it is sparse; if the number of boreholes per square kilometer is greater than or equal to 5 and less than 15, it is medium; if the number of boreholes per square kilometer is greater than 15, it is dense. Then, determine the main axis direction of the data distribution through principal component analysis, and judge the division status of the borehole distribution area based on the geological interface data. Finally, based on the stratigraphic coding or sudden change of physical property parameters, identify the vertical stratification structure, compare the consistency between the borehole elevation and the terrain, and mark the areas with significant terrain undulations at the same time.

[0072] When there are faults or discontinuous interfaces in the data, match the piecewise Kriging and natural neighbor method, and forcefully divide the interpolation area, and process the two sides of the fault independently. When the boreholes are sparse but the profile data is rich, match the co-Kriging and random forest regression, and use the profile data as an auxiliary variable. When the terrain undulation is significant and is a key constraint, use the DEM as the interpolation base, and match the TIN terrain-driven triangulation and Kriging attribute interpolation. When the vertical stratification is clear, match the stratified IDW and stratigraphic thickness constraints, and interpolate according to the stratigraphic division, and each layer is processed separately.

[0073] Dynamically adjust the weights of each algorithm combination based on the borehole data density.

[0074] In this embodiment, the process of dynamically adjusting the weights of each algorithm combination based on the borehole data density is as follows:

[0075] When the borehole data density for matching the piecewise Kriging and natural neighbor method is high, the piecewise Kriging is assigned 80% weight and the natural neighbor method is assigned 20% weight. When the borehole data density is medium, according to the borehole density data, the piecewise Kriging is assigned 30% - 80% weight and the natural neighbor method is assigned 20% - 70% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the borehole data density is low, the piecewise Kriging is assigned 30% weight and the natural neighbor method is assigned 70% weight.

[0076] When the density of borehole data for matching co-kriging and random forest regression is high, co-kriging is assigned 80% weight and random forest regression is assigned 20% weight. When the density of borehole data is medium, according to the borehole density data, co-kriging is assigned 40% - 80% weight and random forest regression is assigned 20% - 60% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the density of borehole data is low, co-kriging is assigned 40% weight and random forest regression is assigned 60% weight;

[0077] When the density of borehole data for matching kriging attribute interpolation and TIN terrain-driven triangulation is high, kriging attribute interpolation is assigned 70% weight and TIN terrain-driven triangulation is assigned 30% weight. When the density of borehole data is medium, according to the borehole density data, kriging attribute interpolation is assigned 45% - 70% weight and TIN terrain-driven triangulation is assigned 30% - 55% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the density of borehole data is low, kriging attribute interpolation is assigned 45% weight and TIN terrain-driven triangulation is assigned 55% weight;

[0078] When the density of borehole data for matching hierarchical IDW and terrain thickness constraint is high, hierarchical IDW is assigned 75% weight and terrain thickness constraint is assigned 25% weight. When the density of borehole data is medium, according to the borehole density data, hierarchical IDW is assigned 35% - 75% weight and terrain thickness constraint is assigned 25% - 65% weight, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the density of borehole data is low, hierarchical IDW is assigned 35% weight and terrain thickness constraint is assigned 65% weight.

[0079] It should be noted that by dynamically adjusting the contribution ratio of different algorithms according to the borehole data density, the interpolation result can be made more in line with the actual situation and the accuracy can be improved; in the sparse data area, by reasonably adjusting the algorithm contribution and using the advantages of other algorithms to supplement information, large errors and unreasonable interpolation results can be avoided, and the stability and reliability of the interpolation are enhanced.

[0080] The interpolation calculation module calculates the attribute values at unknown positions in the three-dimensional space according to the known geological data. When the calculation result is normal, the result is transmitted to the modeling analysis module, and when the result is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module;

[0081] In this embodiment, the interpolation calculation module calculates the attribute values at unknown positions in the three-dimensional space according to the known geological data. When the calculation result is normal, the result is transmitted to the modeling analysis module, and when the result is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module. The processing process is as follows:

[0082] Use the matching interpolation algorithm for calculation, and preset the threshold of the interpolation result range and the threshold of the change rate of the attribute values between adjacent interpolation points;

[0083] If the interpolation result exceeds the preset range threshold, it is judged as abnormal; when the interpolation result does not exceed the preset range threshold, calculate the change rate of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points. When the change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points, it is judged as abnormal, and the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module; when the change rate does not exceed the preset change rate threshold of the attribute value between adjacent interpolation points, it is judged as normal, and the calculation result is transmitted to the modeling analysis module.

[0084] The modeling analysis module constructs a three-dimensional geological body model based on the results obtained from the interpolation calculation. When the geological model is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the borehole geological point recommendation module;

[0085] In this embodiment, the process of the modeling analysis module constructing a three-dimensional geological body model based on the results obtained from the interpolation calculation and transmitting the abnormality to the borehole geological point recommendation module when the geological model is abnormal is as follows:

[0086] First, input the interpolation calculation data, convert the interpolation data into a voxel model, and store the spatial coordinates and attribute values for each voxel unit; then extract the isosurface and construct the continuous boundary surface of the geological body; finally, smooth and denoise the extracted isosurface and finally output a three-dimensional solid model that conforms to geological laws;

[0087] Set the abnormal judgment rules to automatically judge abnormalities. The specific rules are: when the rock layer sequence is contradictory and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, it is judged as abnormal; when the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, it is judged as abnormal; when the morphology has isolated debris bodies and non-continuous structures, it is judged as abnormal;

[0088] Judge the abnormal area according to the rules. When there is no abnormality, transmit the data to the result output module. When an abnormality is found, mark the abnormal area, and calculate the centroid coordinates of the abnormal area, the maximum value of the interpolation standard deviation within the abnormal area, and the influence radius, and output the data to the borehole geological point recommendation module.

[0089] It should be noted that the phenomenon of normal interpolation calculation data but abnormal modeling is particularly common in geological modeling. Therefore, it is very necessary to judge modeling abnormalities; judging modeling abnormalities can more intuitively understand the problems existing in the model; and the abnormal location can be quickly located through the existing problems, which is also convenient for targeted optimization and improvement, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the quality and accuracy of three-dimensional modeling.

[0090] The borehole geological point recommendation module recommends the best borehole geological point according to the abnormality and collects the geological data at this point. When it is impossible to collect, recommend other borehole geological points. When the data of other borehole geological points still cannot be collected, transmit the data to the geological data search and supplement module;

[0091] In this embodiment, the drilling geological point recommendation module recommends the best drilling geological point according to the anomaly, collects the geological data of this point, and when the data cannot be collected, recommends other drilling geological points. When the data of other drilling geological points still cannot be collected, the data is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module. The processing process is as follows:

[0092] Receive the data of the abnormal area. When the anomaly is that the rock layer sequence is contradictory and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, with the coordinates of the fault turning point as the reference, extend 50 meters along the fault strike direction before and after the turn, and set the intersection as the best drilling point; when the anomaly is that the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, with the abnormal extreme point as the starting point, advance 30 meters along the gradient direction, and set this point as the best drilling point; when the anomaly is that the shape has isolated debris and non - continuous structures, with the boundary point of the debris as the reference, move towards the center direction, and the moving distance is ΔX = 10⋅cosθ, ΔY = 10⋅sinθ, where ΔX and ΔY are the projection components along the X - axis and Y - axis, and θ is the tangent direction angle of the boundary point.

[0093] After setting the best drilling point, preset the safety margin of the drilling depth, and set the sum of the bottom boundary depth of the abnormal body and the safety margin as the drilling depth.

[0094] Output the obtained best drilling geological point, and manually judge whether drilling can be implemented. When drilling can be implemented, collect the data of the drilling point for secondary interpolation calculation; when drilling cannot be implemented, recommend other drilling geological points, and collect the data of these drilling points for secondary interpolation calculation.

[0095] When drilling cannot be implemented at all drilling points, transmit the abnormal area data to the geological data search and supplement module.

[0096] It should be noted that by collecting the best drilling geological point and performing secondary interpolation calculation according to the collected data, the geological model can be effectively optimized and the interpolation accuracy can be improved. When the best drilling geological point cannot be drilled, other drilling points will be recommended, and the data of these drilling points will be collected. This method can ensure the continuity of geological exploration work, thus facilitating the provision of sufficient and complete information for the optimization of the geological model.

[0097] In this embodiment, when drilling cannot be implemented, recommend other drilling geological points, and collect the data of these drilling points for secondary interpolation calculation. The processing process is as follows:

[0098] Take the centroid of the original recommended point as the center, expand an annular buffer zone outward, and generate candidate points in the buffer zone according to the polar coordinate grid.

[0099] Calculate the reduction amount of the interpolation variance of the candidate points and the maximum reduction amount of the variance among all candidate points , the Euclidean distance from the candidate point to the centroid of the original abnormal area and the maximum allowable offset distance , and calculate the scores of the candidate points based on these data . The specific formula is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] where are the weight coefficients of the distance priority and the variance optimization priority respectively, and need to satisfy ; Sort the calculated score results, output the top three data points with the highest scores as the recommended drilling points, and output the recommended drilling points;

[0102] Manually judge whether drilling can be carried out at the drilling point. When drilling can be carried out, collect the data of this drilling point for secondary interpolation calculation.

[0103] The geological data search and supplement module queries the relevant data of the interpolation calculation anomaly and the modeling anomaly, and transmits the data to the data acquisition and matching module;

[0104] In this embodiment, the process of the geological data search and supplement module querying the relevant data of the interpolation calculation anomaly and the modeling anomaly and transmitting the data to the data acquisition and matching module is as follows:

[0105] Receive the interpolation calculation anomaly, and search for historical exploration data, geophysical exploration data, remote sensing topographic data, and geological maps and engineering exposure data. The historical exploration data includes the unused borehole core descriptions, logging curves, and assay data within a search radius of 500 meters centered on the anomaly point; the geophysical exploration data includes magnetic method, gravity anomaly maps, and ground electrical profile with a grid accuracy of 50 meters; the remote sensing and topographic data includes 1-meter resolution LiDAR point clouds, hyperspectral images, and InSAR deformation data; the geological maps and engineering exposure data includes extracting faults, lithological boundaries, adjacent tunnels, statistical data of rock mass structural planes in mine catalogs, and logging parameters of engineering boreholes from the 1:10,000 geological map;

[0106] Receive the modeling anomaly data. When the anomaly is the contradiction of the rock layer sequence and the misalignment direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, search for fault kinematic data, stratigraphic marker bed data, and tectonic stress field data. The fault kinematic data includes extracting fault scratch directions and step structure photos from geological literature or tectonic analysis reports. The stratigraphic marker bed data includes the borehole columnar diagrams within a radius of 500 meters of the anomaly area, and extract the depth and lithological descriptions of the key marker beds from the columnar diagrams. The tectonic stress field data includes the analysis results of the regional tectonic stress field;

[0107] When the anomaly is that the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, core geochemical data, alteration-mineralization zonation maps, and dynamic monitoring data are searched for. The core geochemical data includes the core assay results of adjacent boreholes in the anomaly area extracted from the historical exploration database. The alteration-mineralization zonation maps include the alteration mineral mapping data and geochemical element isogram maps of the mining area. The dynamic monitoring data includes the monitoring records of the groundwater level, ground temperature, or gas concentration;

[0108] When the anomaly is the presence of isolated fragments or discontinuous structures in the morphology, high-resolution remote sensing data, engineering exposure data, and geophysical anomaly verification data are searched for. The high-resolution remote sensing data includes LiDAR point clouds and multispectral images. The engineering exposure data includes the geological records of tunnels and mines within 1 km, and the statistical analysis of rock mass structural planes and the positions of lithological contact zones are extracted. The geophysical anomaly verification data includes the ground high-density electrical method or magnetic method profile data;

[0109] The queried data is transmitted to the data acquisition and matching module.

[0110] It should be noted that after the queried data is transmitted to the data acquisition and matching module, it will be transmitted to the interpolation calculation module again for secondary calculation. This process can supplement more complete and relevant data based on the anomaly, thereby providing a more reliable input basis for secondary interpolation.

[0111] The result output module outputs the processed and analyzed results.

[0112] A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation method, the specific steps are as follows:

[0113] S1. Collect existing borehole data and geological data, and determine the best interpolation algorithm combination according to the borehole data density and geological data, and dynamically adjust the interpolation algorithm weights;

[0114] S2. Calculate the interpolation result according to the algorithm combination and analyze the interpolation result. When the interpolation result is abnormal, search for anomaly-related data and perform secondary interpolation calculation to optimize the interpolation result; when the interpolation result is normal, use the calculation result for modeling;

[0115] S3. Analyze the modeling. When there is no anomaly in the modeling, output the result. When there is an anomaly in the modeling, locate the anomaly area, generate the best borehole geological point according to the anomaly area, collect the data of this point for secondary calculation and modeling. When the best geological point cannot be used, recommend other geological points and perform data collection and calculation and modeling;

[0116] S4. When drilling cannot be carried out, search for the relevant data of the anomaly area and perform secondary calculation and modeling according to the relevant data.

[0117] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system, characterized in that: It includes data collection and judgment module, interpolation calculation module, modeling analysis module, drilling geological point recommendation module, geological data search and supplement module, and result output module; The data acquisition and judgment module is used to collect borehole geological data, geological profile data, terrain data and geological interface data, and set matching rules to match the best interpolation algorithm combination; The interpolation calculation module calculates the attribute value of the unknown position in the three-dimensional space according to the known geological data, and transmits the result to the modeling and analysis module when the calculation result is normal, and transmits the abnormality to the geological data search and supplement module when the result is abnormal; The modeling and analysis module constructs a three-dimensional geological body model based on the results obtained by interpolation calculation. When the geological model is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the drilling geological point recommendation module; The drilling geological point recommendation module recommends the best drilling geological point according to the anomaly and collects the geological data of the point. If the data cannot be collected, other drilling geological points are recommended. If the data of other drilling geological points still cannot be collected, the data is transmitted to the geological data search supplement module. The geological data search and supplement module queries the relevant data of the interpolation calculation anomaly and the modeling anomaly, and transmits the data to the data acquisition and matching module; The result output module outputs the results of processing and analysis.

2. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and judgment module is used to collect borehole geological data, geological profile data, terrain data and geological interface data, and set matching rules. The matching best interpolation algorithm combination processing process is as follows: Collect borehole geological data including lithology information, stratigraphic layers and physical property parameters, geological profile data including stratigraphic interfaces and structural information, topographic data including terrain elevation information, and geological interface data including stratigraphic boundaries and rock mass boundaries. The data are collected into a unified data set and verified and cleaned. First, the spatial coverage density of the borehole data is calculated. If the number of boreholes per square kilometer is less than 5, it is sparse; if the number of boreholes per square kilometer is greater than or equal to 5 and less than 15, it is medium; and if the number of boreholes per square kilometer is greater than 15, it is dense. Then, the principal axis direction of the data distribution is determined by principal component analysis, and the segmentation status of the borehole distribution area is determined by geological interface data. Finally, according to the formation code or physical property parameter mutation, the vertical layered structure is identified, the consistency between the borehole elevation and the terrain is compared, and the areas with violent terrain fluctuations are marked. When there are faults or discontinuous interfaces in the data, the segmented kriging and natural neighbor method are matched, and the interpolation area is forced to be split, and the two sides of the fault are processed independently; when the boreholes are sparse but the profile data are abundant, the co-kriging and random forest regression are matched, and the profile data are used as auxiliary variables; when the terrain is undulating and is a key constraint, the DEM is used as the interpolation base, and the TIN terrain-driven triangulation and Kriging attribute interpolation are matched; when the vertical stratification is clear, the stratified IDW and stratum thickness constraints are matched, and interpolation is performed according to the stratum layer, and each layer is processed separately; The weights of each algorithm combination are dynamically adjusted based on the drilling data density.

3. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of dynamically adjusting the weights of various algorithm combinations based on drilling data density is as follows: When the borehole data density of the matching segmented kriging and natural neighbor method is high, segmented kriging is assigned 80% weight and natural neighbor method is assigned 20% weight. When the borehole data density is medium, segmented kriging is assigned 30% to 80% weight and natural neighbor method is assigned 20% to 70% weight according to the borehole density data, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the borehole data density is low, segmented kriging is assigned 30% weight and natural neighbor method is assigned 70% weight. When the borehole data density of matching co-kriging and random forest regression is high, co-kriging is assigned 80% weight and random forest regression is assigned 20% weight. When the borehole data density is medium, co-kriging is assigned 40% to 80% weight and random forest regression is assigned 20% to 60% weight according to the borehole density data, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the borehole data density is low, co-kriging is assigned 40% weight and random forest regression is assigned 60% weight. When the borehole data density is high, Kerry metal interpolation is assigned a 70% weight and TIN terrain driven triangulation is assigned a 30% weight. When the borehole data density is medium, Kerry metal interpolation is assigned a 45% to 70% weight and TIN terrain driven triangulation is assigned a 30% weight based on the borehole density data, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the borehole data density is low, Kerry metal interpolation is assigned a 45% weight and TIN terrain driven triangulation is assigned a 55% weight. When the density of drilling data matching the layered IDW and terrain thickness constraints is high, the layered IDW is assigned a weight of 75% and the terrain thickness constraint is assigned a weight of 25%. When the density of drilling data is medium, the layered IDW is assigned a weight of 35% to 75% and the terrain thickness constraint is assigned a weight of 25% to 65% according to the drilling density data, and the sum of the two weights is 100%. When the density of drilling data is low, the layered IDW is assigned a weight of 35% and the terrain thickness constraint is assigned a weight of 65%.

4. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interpolation calculation module calculates the attribute value of the unknown position in the three-dimensional space according to the known geological data. When the calculation result is normal, the result is transmitted to the modeling and analysis module. When the result is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search and supplement module. The processing process is as follows: Use the matching interpolation algorithm to perform calculations, and preset the interpolation result range threshold and the attribute value change rate threshold between adjacent interpolation points; When the interpolation result exceeds the preset range threshold, it is judged as abnormal; when the interpolation result does not exceed the preset range threshold, the attribute value change rate between adjacent interpolation points is calculated. When the change rate exceeds the preset attribute value change rate threshold between adjacent interpolation points, it is judged as abnormal and the abnormality is transmitted to the geological data search supplement module; when the change rate does not exceed the preset attribute value change rate threshold between adjacent interpolation points, it is judged as normal and the calculation result is transmitted to the modeling analysis module.

5. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modeling and analysis module constructs a three-dimensional geological body model based on the results obtained by interpolation calculation. When the geological model is abnormal, the abnormality is transmitted to the drilling geological point recommendation module for processing as follows: First, the interpolation calculation data is input, the interpolation data is converted into a voxel model, and the spatial coordinates and attribute values ​​are stored for each voxel unit; then the isosurface is extracted to construct the continuous boundary surface of the geological body; finally, the extracted isosurface is smoothed and denoised to finally output a three-dimensional solid model that conforms to geological laws; Set anomaly determination rules to automatically determine anomalies. The specific rules are: if the rock layer sequence is inconsistent and the dislocation direction of the layers on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, it will be determined as an anomaly; Attribute values ​​that exceed the preset geological constraints are judged as abnormal; The morphology contains isolated fragments and discontinuous structures, which are considered abnormal; The abnormal area is determined according to the rules. When there is no abnormality, the data is transmitted to the result output module. When an abnormality is found, the abnormal area is marked, and the centroid coordinates of the abnormal area, the maximum value of the interpolation standard deviation in the abnormal area, and the influence radius are calculated, and the data is output to the drilling geological point recommendation module.

6. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling geological point recommendation module recommends the best drilling geological point according to the anomaly and collects the geological data of the point. If the data cannot be collected, other drilling geological points are recommended. If the data of other drilling geological points still cannot be collected, the data is transmitted to the geological data search supplement module. The processing process is as follows: Receive data from the abnormal area. When the abnormality is that the rock layer sequence is inconsistent and the dislocation direction of the strata on both sides of the fault is inconsistent with the geological map, take the coordinates of the fault turning point as the reference, extend 50 meters along the strike direction of the fault before and after the turning, and set the intersection as the best drilling point; when the abnormality is that the attribute value exceeds the preset geological constraint range, take the abnormal extreme point as the starting point, advance 30 meters along the gradient direction, and set this point as the best drilling point; when the abnormality is that there are isolated fragments and discontinuous structures in the morphology, take the boundary point of the fragment as the reference, move toward the center, and the moving distance is ΔX=10⋅cosθ,ΔY=10⋅sinθ, where ΔX and ΔY are the projection components along the X-axis and Y-axis, and θ is the tangent direction angle of the boundary point; After the optimal drilling point is set, the drilling depth safety margin is preset, and the bottom depth of the abnormal body plus the safety margin is set as the drilling depth; The best drilling geological point is output, and it is manually determined whether drilling can be implemented. If drilling can be implemented, the drilling point data is collected for secondary interpolation calculation; if drilling cannot be implemented, other drilling geological points are recommended, and the data of these drilling points are collected for secondary interpolation calculation; When drilling is not possible at all drilling points, the data of the abnormal area will be transmitted to the geological data search supplement module.

7. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When drilling cannot be implemented, other drilling geological points are recommended, and the data of these drilling points are collected for secondary interpolation calculation and processing as follows: Taking the centroid of the original recommended point as the center, expand the circular buffer outward and generate candidate points in the buffer according to the polar coordinate grid; Calculate the interpolation variance reduction of the candidate points , the maximum variance reduction among all candidate points , the Euclidean distance from the candidate point to the centroid of the original abnormal area and the maximum allowed offset distance , and calculate the scores of candidate points based on these data , the specific formula is: ； in, They are the weight coefficients of distance priority and variance optimization priority, and need to satisfy ; Sort the calculated scoring results, output the top three scoring data points as recommended drilling points, and output the recommended drilling points; It is manually determined whether drilling can be carried out at the drilling point. If drilling can be carried out, the data of the drilling point is collected for secondary interpolation calculation.

8. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geological data search and supplement module queries the relevant data of interpolation calculation anomalies and modeling anomalies, and transmits the data to the data acquisition and matching module for processing as follows: Receive interpolation calculation anomalies and search for historical exploration data, geophysical data, remote sensing topographic data, geological maps and engineering exposure data. Historical exploration data include descriptions of unused drill cores, logging curves and test data within a 500-meter radius centered on the anomaly point; geophysical data include magnetic method, gravity anomaly map and ground electrical profile with a 50-meter grid accuracy; remote sensing and topographic data include 1-meter resolution LiDAR point cloud, hyperspectral imagery and InSAR deformation data; Geological maps and engineering exposure data include extraction of faults, lithology boundaries, adjacent tunnels, rock mass structural surface statistics and logging parameters of engineering boreholes from 1:10,000 geological maps; Receive modeling anomaly data. When the anomaly is the inconsistency of the rock layer sequence and the inconsistency between the dislocation direction of the strata on both sides of the fault and the geological map, search and obtain fault kinematic data, stratigraphic marker layer data and tectonic stress field data. Fault kinematic data include fault scratch direction and step structure photos extracted from geological literature or structural analysis reports. Stratigraphic marker layer data include drilling column charts within a radius of 500 meters in the anomaly area, and the depth and lithology description of the key marker layer are extracted from the column chart. Tectonic stress field data include regional tectonic stress field analysis results; When the anomaly is an attribute value that exceeds the preset geological constraint range, the core geochemical data, alteration-mineralization zoning map, and dynamic monitoring data are searched and obtained. The core geochemical data include the core test results of the boreholes adjacent to the anomaly area extracted from the historical exploration database. The alteration-mineralization zoning map includes the alteration mineral mapping data and geochemical element contour map of the mining area. The dynamic monitoring data includes the monitoring records of groundwater level, ground temperature or gas concentration. When the anomaly is in the form of isolated fragments or discontinuous structures, high-resolution remote sensing data, engineering disclosure data, and geophysical anomaly verification data are searched and obtained. High-resolution remote sensing data include LiDAR point clouds and multispectral images. Engineering disclosure data include geological catalogs of tunnels and mines within 1 km, and extract rock mass structural surface statistics and lithologic contact zone locations. Geophysical anomaly verification data include ground high-density electrical or magnetic profile data. The queried data is transferred to the data collection and matching module.

9. A three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation method, characterized in that: The method adopts a three-dimensional geological body spatial interpolation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the specific steps are: S1. Collect existing drilling data and geological data, and determine the best interpolation algorithm combination based on the drilling data density and geological data, and dynamically adjust the interpolation algorithm weight; S2. Calculate the interpolation results according to the algorithm combination and analyze the interpolation results. When the interpolation results are abnormal, search for abnormal related data and perform secondary interpolation calculations to optimize the interpolation results. When the interpolation results are normal, use the calculation results for modeling. S3, analyzing the modeling, outputting the results when there is no abnormality in the modeling, locating the abnormal area when there is an abnormality in the modeling, generating the best drilling geological point based on the abnormal area, and collecting data of the point for secondary calculation modeling. When the best geological point cannot be used, recommending other geological points and performing data collection and calculation modeling; S4. When drilling is not possible, search for relevant data in the abnormal area and perform secondary calculation modeling based on the relevant data.

Images