Circuit breaking device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical protection, and provides a circuit breaking device which comprises a shell, at least two conductive terminals fixedly arranged in the shell, a driving mechanism and a movable block, the driving mechanism and the movable block are arranged in the shell, the conductive terminals are horizontally arranged at intervals, a fuse wire is connected between the inner ends of the conductive terminals, and the fuse wire is connected between the inner ends of the conductive terminals. The outer end of the conductive terminal extends out of the shell so as to be conveniently led out to be connected with an opponent piece; when the driving mechanism is controlled to be triggered by an external controller, the movable block can be driven to push the inner end of the conductive terminal to be bent so as to cut off the fuse wire and break the corresponding electric loop, and when the corresponding electric loop has a short-circuit fault, short-circuit current can fuse the fuse wire, and when the external controller is not triggered in time or fails, the fuse wire can be cut off. And the effectiveness of the circuit breaking function is guaranteed through fuse fusing. The circuit breaking device provided by the invention has two protection modes of mechanical breaking protection and fuse electric heating fusing breaking protection, and can effectively guarantee the effectiveness of breaking protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical protection, and in particular to a circuit breaker device. Background Art

[0002] At present, a circuit breaker device has begun to appear in the devices used for high-voltage circuit protection of new energy vehicles. This type of device is called a pyrotechnic switch (also known as a pyrofuse or pyroswitch). Its application in new energy vehicles is mainly because this type of device can be actively controlled by the vehicle system. When the vehicle has an abnormal condition, such as a short circuit, abnormal temperature, collision, etc., the vehicle system can actively trigger the device to cut off the circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of protection.

[0003] However, in actual applications, the triggering of the pyrotechnic switch is usually controlled by the battery management system (BMS), and the battery management system itself may also have abnormal conditions. If the vehicle is in an abnormal state, especially a short circuit state, the battery management system cannot provide a protection drive signal to the pyrotechnic switch in time, and the pyrotechnic switch cannot be effectively controlled to trigger the mechanical protection action, the vehicle cannot be protected in time, and there is a high probability that the vehicle or some components on the vehicle will be damaged. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker device to solve the problem of insufficient effectiveness of automobile high-voltage circuit protection in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a circuit breaker device, comprising: a housing, at least two conductive terminals fixedly arranged in the housing, and a driving mechanism and a movable block arranged in the housing, wherein:

[0006] The conductive terminals are arranged horizontally at intervals, and fuses are connected between the inner ends of the conductive terminals, and the outer ends of the conductive terminals extend out of the housing;

[0007] The movable block is arranged in the vertical direction of the arrangement area of ​​the fuse and the inner end of the conductive terminal, and is connected to the driving mechanism so that under the drive of the driving mechanism, the inner end of the conductive terminal can be driven to bend in the moving direction of the movable block, and a pulling force is applied to the fuse during the bending action, so that the fuse is disconnected under the action of the pulling force.

[0008] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a gas generator, a working chamber is provided in the shell, the movable block and the gas generator are arranged in the working chamber, and the airtightness is matched, and the gas generator is fixedly arranged in the shell, so that when the gas generator outputs gas, the airtight space between the gas generator and the movable block can expand, thereby pushing the movable block to move toward the fuse.

[0009] Optionally, an isolation plate is further provided between the movable block and the conductive terminal.

[0010] Optionally, one end of the movable block pointing to the conductive terminal is tapered.

[0011] Optionally, the fuse is a sheet-like structure, and an opening is provided on the sheet-like structure, and the opening is provided in a spacing area between the inner ends of the conductive terminals.

[0012] Optionally, a slot structure is further provided on the conductive terminal, and a setting position of the slot structure is consistent with a predetermined fold line position of the conductive terminal in a bent state.

[0013] Optionally, the inner end surface of the conductive terminal includes a bevel.

[0014] Optionally, arc extinguishing medium is provided in the spacing space between the inner ends of the conductive terminals and in the reserved space in the bending direction of the inner ends of the conductive terminals.

[0015] Optionally, the shell includes a first shell, a second shell and a third shell that are axially matched and fixedly connected, the conductive terminal is fixed between the first shell and the second shell, a positioning ring extends from the side wall of the gas generator, the positioning ring is fixed between the second shell and the third shell, and the movable block is arranged in the second shell.

[0016] Optionally, the gas generator is also extended into the second shell, and the outer wall of the part of the gas generator extending into the second shell is also sleeved with a first sealing ring, and the outer wall of the movable block is also sleeved with a second sealing ring, so as to form an airtight space between the gas generator and the movable block through the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring in combination with the second shell.

[0017] The circuit breaker device provided by the present invention comprises: a housing, at least two conductive terminals fixedly arranged in the housing, and a driving mechanism and a movable block arranged in the housing, wherein the conductive terminals are arranged horizontally at intervals, and a fuse is connected between the inner ends of the conductive terminals, and the outer ends of the conductive terminals extend out of the housing so as to be led out and connected to the counterpart; when the driving mechanism is controlled and triggered by an external controller, the movable block can be driven to push the inner end of the conductive terminal to bend in the moving direction of the movable block, and apply a pulling force to the fuse under the bending action, so that the fuse is disconnected under the action of the pulling force, thereby disconnecting the corresponding electrical circuit, and when a short circuit fault occurs in the corresponding electrical circuit, the short circuit current can melt the fuse, and when the external controller fails or the driving mechanism fails, the effectiveness of the circuit breaker function can be guaranteed. The circuit breaker device provided by the present invention includes two protection modes: mechanical circuit breaker protection and fuse electric thermal fuse circuit breaker protection, which can effectively guarantee the effectiveness of circuit breaker protection and improve the safety of new energy vehicles using the circuit breaker device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a circuit breaker device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a circuit breaker device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A bottom view of a partial structure of a circuit breaker device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the circuit breaker device in the embodiment of the present invention after the protection is triggered.

[0022] The following specific implementation manner will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0026] In order to solve the problem of insufficient effectiveness of pyrotechnic switches used in automobile high-voltage circuit protection in the prior art, the present invention provides a circuit breaker device, comprising: a housing, at least two conductive terminals fixedly arranged in the housing, and a driving mechanism and a movable block arranged in the housing, wherein the conductive terminals are arranged horizontally at intervals, and fuses are connected between the inner ends of the conductive terminals, and the outer ends of the conductive terminals extend out of the housing to be connected to a counterpart; when the driving mechanism is controlled and triggered by an external controller, the movable block can be driven to push the inner end of the conductive terminal to bend in the moving direction of the movable block, and a pulling force is applied to the fuse under the bending action, so that the fuse is disconnected under the action of the pulling force, thereby disconnecting the corresponding electrical circuit, and when a short-circuit fault occurs in the corresponding electrical circuit, the short-circuit current can melt the fuse, and the effectiveness of the circuit-breaking function can be guaranteed when the external controller fails or the driving mechanism fails, so that the two protection modes of mechanical circuit-breaking protection and fuse electric thermal melting circuit-breaking protection can be integrated, effectively ensuring the effectiveness of circuit-breaking protection, and improving the safety of new energy vehicles using the circuit breaker device.

[0027] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , shown is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the circuit breaker device of this embodiment, the conductive terminal 20 is fixed in the shell 10, and the outer end portion extends out of the shell 10, and a wiring hole is provided on the extended portion to electrically connect with the corresponding electrical circuit. In this embodiment, two conductive terminals 20 are provided, and more than one can be provided according to the actual electrical circuit design.

[0028] The conductive terminals 20 are arranged horizontally at intervals, and the inner ends of the conductive terminals 20 are connected with fuses 50. The housing 10 is provided with a driving mechanism 30 and a movable block 40. The movable block 40 is arranged in the vertical direction of the arrangement area of ​​the fuse 50 and the inner ends of the conductive terminals 20, and is connected to the driving mechanism 30. Under the drive of the driving mechanism 30, the inner ends of the conductive terminals 20 can be driven to bend in the moving direction of the movable block 40, and a pulling force is applied to the fuse 50 under the bending action, so that the fuse 50 is disconnected under the action of the pulling force, thereby realizing circuit breaking protection.

[0029] The material of the fuse 50 can be selected from soft conductive materials such as silver, silver alloy, copper, copper alloy, etc., to ensure that it can be effectively cut off after the inner end of the conductive terminal 20 is bent, and in the high-voltage circuit of the new energy vehicle, it can be effectively electrically and thermally melted when a short circuit overcurrent occurs.

[0030] In order to ensure the response speed of the mechanical circuit breaker, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism 30 includes a gas generator, a working chamber is provided in the housing 10, and the movable block 40 and the gas generator are arranged in the working chamber, and the airtightness is matched. Through the air chamber transmission, the gas generator is fixedly arranged in the housing 10, so that when the gas generator outputs gas, the airtight space between the gas generator and the movable block 40 can expand, thereby pushing the movable block 40 to move toward the fuse 50. When the gas generator is controlled and triggered by an external controller, a large amount of gas released instantly can quickly push the movable block 40 to move, and the impact force generated can quickly and effectively drive the conductive terminal 20 to bend and cut off the fuse 50. The control port of the driving mechanism 30 is exposed from the top of the housing 10 to access the control signal.

[0031] In order to ensure the reliability of the movable block 40 driving the conductive terminal 20, the movable block 40 can be made of plastic or metal. When the movable block 40 is made of metal, in order to avoid its electrical influence on the conductive terminal 20, an isolation plate 60 is correspondingly provided between the movable block 40 and the conductive terminal 20. The isolation plate 60 is made of insulating material, such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, etc., or other soft insulating and fireproof materials. The isolation plate 60 can also be used to isolate the lubricating medium of the movable block 40 from moving in the housing 10.

[0032] In order to further ensure the driving reliability of the movable block 40 on the conductive terminal 20 , in the present embodiment, one end of the movable block 40 pointing to the conductive terminal 20 is tapered.

[0033] To ensure that the fuse 50 can be effectively cut off and its conductive performance is maintained, in this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the fuse 50 is a sheet-like structure, and an opening 51 is disposed on the sheet-like structure. The opening 51 is disposed at a spacing area between the inner ends of the conductive terminals 20 .

[0034] The conductive terminal 20 needs to be connected to the outside, and its body has a certain structural strength to avoid accidental damage. In order to ensure its bendability during power-off protection, in this embodiment, a slot structure 21 is also provided on the conductive terminal 20. The location of the slot structure 21 is consistent with the predetermined folding line location of the conductive terminal 20 in the bent state, so that the inner end of the conductive terminal 20 can be quickly and effectively bent under the impact of the movable block 40. When the mechanical circuit breaker protection is triggered, the internal state of the circuit breaker device is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the position of the fold line is consistent with the setting position of the slot structure 21, and the fuse 50 is effectively cut off.

[0035] To ensure the effectiveness of power off, in this embodiment, the inner end surface of the conductive terminal 20 includes an inclined surface. After the mechanical circuit breaker protection is triggered, the inclined surfaces of the inner end surface of the bent conductive terminal 20 are parallel to each other, which can reduce the risk of tip discharge between the conductive terminals 20 and ensure the reliability of the circuit breaker protection. Figure 2 As shown, the inclined surface can also increase the spacing between the conductive terminals 20 in some areas to ensure the reliability of current transmission through the fuse 50, thereby ensuring the reliability of electrical thermal fusing of the fuse 50 when a short circuit fault occurs.

[0036] To further reduce the risk of tip discharge, in the present embodiment, an arc extinguishing medium is provided in the spacing space between the inner ends of the conductive terminals 20 and in the reserved space in the bending direction of the inner ends of the conductive terminals 20. The arc extinguishing medium may include, for example, quartz sand, and sulfur hexafluoride gas may also be used as the arc extinguishing medium, which may avoid obstruction to the bending of the conductive terminals 20, but the air tightness of the filling space needs to be ensured.

[0037] To facilitate the installation of the conductive terminal 20, the driving mechanism 30 and the movable block 40, in the present embodiment, the shell 10 includes a first shell 11, a second shell 12 and a third shell 13 which are axially matched and fixedly connected. Specifically, axial bolts can be used for fixing. The conductive terminal 20 is fixed between the first shell 11 and the second shell 12. A positioning ring 32 extends from the side wall of the gas generator. The positioning ring 32 is fixed between the second shell 12 and the third shell 13. The movable block 40 is arranged in the second shell 12. The conductive terminal 20 and the gas generator are clamped and positioned in the shell, and the fixing reliability is high.

[0038] In order to ensure the airtightness of the air chamber between the gas generator and the movable block 40 and to ensure the driving reliability of the movable block 40, in the present embodiment, the gas generator is also extended to be arranged in the second shell 12, and the outer wall of the part of the gas generator extending into the second shell 12 is also sleeved with a first sealing ring 31, and the outer wall of the movable block 40 is also sleeved with a second sealing ring 41, so that an airtight space is formed between the gas generator and the movable block through the first sealing ring 31 and the second sealing ring 41, combined with the second shell 12, and the airtight space is completely located in the second shell 12, which can reduce the airtightness requirements of the docking of the first shell 11 and the third shell 13 and reduce costs.

[0039] The circuit breaker device provided by the present invention includes two protection modes: mechanical circuit breaker protection and fuse electric thermal melting circuit breaker protection, which can effectively ensure the effectiveness of circuit breaker protection and improve the safety of new energy vehicles using the circuit breaker device.

[0040] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0041] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several specific implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker device, characterized in that: It comprises: a housing, at least two conductive terminals fixedly arranged in the housing, and a driving mechanism and a movable block arranged in the housing, wherein: The conductive terminals are arranged horizontally at intervals, and fuses are connected between the inner ends of the conductive terminals, and the outer ends of the conductive terminals extend out of the housing; The movable block is arranged in the vertical direction of the arrangement area of ​​the fuse and the inner end of the conductive terminal, and is connected to the driving mechanism so that under the drive of the driving mechanism, the inner end of the conductive terminal can be driven to bend in the moving direction of the movable block, and a pulling force is applied to the fuse during the bending action, so that the fuse is disconnected under the action of the pulling force.

2. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a gas generator, a working chamber is provided in the shell, the movable block and the gas generator are arranged in the working chamber, and the airtightness is matched, and the gas generator is fixedly arranged in the shell, so that when the gas generator outputs gas, the airtight space between the gas generator and the movable block can expand, thereby pushing the movable block to move toward the fuse.

3. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation plate is also provided between the movable block and the conductive terminal.

4. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the movable block pointing to the conductive terminal is tapered.

5. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse is a sheet-like structure, and an opening is arranged on the sheet-like structure. The opening is arranged at a spacing area between the inner ends of the conductive terminals.

6. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive terminal is also provided with a slot structure, and the location of the slot structure is consistent with the predetermined fold line location of the conductive terminal in a bent state.

7. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end surface of the conductive terminal includes a slope.

8. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arc extinguishing medium is arranged in the spacing space between the inner ends of the conductive terminals and in the reserved space in the bending direction of the inner ends of the conductive terminals.

9. The circuit breaker device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell includes a first shell, a second shell and a third shell that are axially matched and fixedly connected, the conductive terminal is fixed between the first shell and the second shell, a positioning ring extends from the side wall of the gas generator, the positioning ring is fixed between the second shell and the third shell, and the movable block is arranged in the second shell.

10. The circuit breaker device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas generator is also extended to be arranged in the second shell, and the outer wall of the part of the gas generator extending into the second shell is also sleeved with a first sealing ring, and the outer wall of the movable block is also sleeved with a second sealing ring, so that an airtight space is formed between the gas generator and the movable block through the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring in combination with the second shell.

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