Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

Abstract

The invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack which comprises a front end plate, a collector plate, a tail plate bipolar plate, a proton exchange membrane electrode, a hydrogen fuel cell stack core, a rear end plate, a belleville spring assembly, a bearing plate, an upper protection plate, a lower protection plate, a CVP wire harness, a CVP connector and a first CVP insertion piece. Wherein the front end is located at the foremost end of the electric pile, the outer end is provided with a hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet / outlet cavity, the upper end is pre-embedded with a first nut matched with a first bolt, and the periphery is provided with a steel belt groove. The front collector plate and the rear collector plate are made of conductive materials, tabs are orthogonally arranged on the upper end of the main body plate-shaped structure and provided with through holes, and the main body plate-shaped structure is fixed with the front end plate and the rear end plate through bolts and nuts. And the outer side of the bipolar plate of the front tail plate is provided with a concave part and a cylindrical boss which are matched, clamped and fastened with the concave part of the first CVP insert and the through hole. The rear end plate is formed through resin injection molding, and a sunken part and a cylindrical boss are arranged outside the rear end plate to limit the belleville spring assembly; one side of the bearing plate is provided with an annular clearance groove and a cylindrical boss which are matched with a belleville spring assembly guide pad.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, and in particular to a proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] The biggest advantage of hydrogen fuel as an energy source is that it is pollution-free, highly efficient, and recyclable, making it the future direction of new energy development and also one of the main energy development directions for fuel cell vehicles. In the application scenario of clean energy power, hydrogen fuel cell stacks have become one of the most promising, commercially green, low-carbon, and widely used technology development directions in the future. With the advancement of national policies, the commercialization process of hydrogen fuel cell stacks is also gradually accelerating. The electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel cells occurs in the core of hydrogen fuel cells. Each hydrogen fuel cell stack includes multiple fuel cell cells, which convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy. Existing hydrogen fuel cell stacks are heavy, and the temperature consistency between different fuel cell cells in the hydrogen fuel cell stack is poor, which affects the overall performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of this specification are implemented as follows: The present invention provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, comprising: Front end plate, front current collecting plate, rear end plate bipolar plate, proton exchange membrane electrode, hydrogen fuel cell stack, rear end plate, several butterfly spring assemblies, pressure plate, first CVP plug, second CVP plug and rear current collecting plate; The front end plate is located at the front end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the outer end of the front end plate is provided with a fuel gas hydrogen cavity inlet, a hydrogen cavity outlet remaining after the reaction; an oxidant gas air cavity inlet, an oxidant gas air cavity outlet remaining after the reaction; a cooling medium coolant input cavity inlet, and a coolant output cavity inlet after heat exchange; The front end plate is obtained by injection molding with a resin material as a base material by an injection molding process; the upper end of the front end plate is provided with a first nut for fastening with a first bolt by a pre-embedded manner, and the first nut is integrally formed with the front end plate during the injection molding process of the front end plate by a pre-embedded process; The front current collecting plate is made of a conductive material, the main body of the front current collecting plate is a first plate-shaped structure, a first pole ear is integrally provided at the middle position of the upper end of the first plate-shaped structure, and the first pole ear and the first plate-shaped structure are arranged orthogonally; a plurality of first through holes are opened on the first pole ear; the first bolt is screwed into the first through hole and tightened with the pre-embedded first nut to fix the front current collecting plate and the plate-shaped structure of the front current collecting plate is made to be close to the inner end of the front end plate; The hydrogen fuel cell core is arranged at the rear end of the front current collecting plate, and the hydrogen fuel cell core is formed by stacking a plurality of single cells, wherein a front tail plate bipolar plate is arranged at the front end of the hydrogen fuel cell core, and a rear tail plate bipolar plate is arranged at the rear end of the hydrogen fuel cell core; wherein a first recessed portion is provided at a position close to the outer side of the front tail plate bipolar plate, a columnar boss is provided at the middle position of the first recessed portion, a second through hole is provided at the mounting position of the first CVP plug, the opening size of the second through hole matches the size of the columnar boss, the first recessed portion matches the shape of the mounting portion, so that after the columnar boss is inserted into the second through hole, the mounting portion and the first recessed portion are clamped and fastened together, and the second CVP plug is fixedly provided on the rear tail plate bipolar plate; The hydrogen fuel cell core is configured to consist of a plurality of bipolar plates and a proton exchange membrane electrode stack; The rear current collecting plate is arranged behind the rear tail plate bipolar plate, and the rear end plate is arranged behind the rear current collecting plate; wherein, the rear end plate is obtained by injection molding with a resin material as a matrix by an injection molding process; the upper end of the rear end plate is provided with a second nut for fastening with a second bolt in a pre-embedded manner, and the second nut is formed integrally with the rear end plate during the injection molding process of the rear end plate by a pre-embedded process; the rear current collecting plate is made of a conductive material, the main body of the rear current collecting plate is a second plate-shaped structure, and a second pole ear is integrally provided at the middle position of the upper end of the second plate-shaped structure, and the second pole ear and the second plate-shaped structure are orthogonally arranged; a plurality of second through holes are opened on the second pole ear; after the second bolt is screwed into the second through hole and tightened with the pre-embedded second nut, the rear current collecting plate and the rear end plate are fixed, and the plate-shaped main body of the rear current collecting plate is close to the inner end of the rear end plate; The rear end plate is integrally molded with a plurality of second recessed portions at the outer end portion during the injection molding process, and a second cylindrical boss is injection molded in each of the plurality of second recessed portions, and the second cylindrical boss is used to limit the butterfly spring assembly; wherein the butterfly spring assembly comprises a guide pad and a plurality of disc springs, the guide pad comprises an integrally arranged base and an annular guide shaft, the guide pad is provided with a contraction opening on one side of the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the disc spring matches the outer diameter of the annular guide shaft; The pressure-bearing plate is arranged behind the rear end plate, and a plurality of annular air-avoiding grooves are opened on one side of the pressure-bearing plate which is in contact with the rear end plate, and the opening position of each of the plurality of annular air-avoiding grooves coincides with the opening position of the second recessed portion at the corresponding position; a third cylindrical boss is arranged in each of the plurality of annular air-avoiding grooves, and the third cylindrical boss is used to extend into the opening at the upper end of the annular guide shaft at the corresponding position.

[0005] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing rib structures are provided on the other side of the pressure plate, and the reinforcing rib structures are used to locally reinforce the stress-bearing area of ​​the pressure plate to improve the local stiffness and local strength of the pressure plate.

[0006] Preferably, the outer peripheries of the front end plate and the rear end plate are provided with steel belt grooves distributed at equal intervals; The battery stack also includes a plurality of steel belts, each of which passes through a corresponding steel belt groove and is then wrapped around the outermost circumference of the hydrogen fuel cell stack to maintain the supporting force of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the steel belts are made of stainless steel.

[0007] Preferably, a solid surface for strengthening the overall structure is provided in the middle of the front end plate structure; wherein the draft depths on the left and right sides of the solid surface are equal to reduce the deformation of the front end plate caused by uneven thermal expansion and contraction after demolding; wherein rectangular grid structures are provided on the left and right sides of the solid surface.

[0008] Preferably, the battery stack also includes an upper protective plate and a lower protective plate, and the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate are both structures with evenly distributed micropores; the upper protective plate is arranged above the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the lower protective plate is arranged below the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate are used to improve the electrical insulation strength and protect the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate are both made of insulating material.

[0009] Preferably, the battery stack further includes a CVP harness and a CVP connector; wherein the CVP harness is connected to the CVP connector for transmitting electrical signals and data collection; and the CVP connector is used to connect the first CVP plug and the CVP harness to achieve electrical signal conduction.

[0010] Preferably, the front end plate and the rear end plate are provided with a plurality of grid structures at the outer ends during the injection molding process to reduce the weight.

[0011] An embodiment of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The front and rear current collecting plates are made of conductive materials and are tightly fixed to the front and rear end plates by bolts and nuts to ensure efficient conduction and collection of current. The front and rear tail plate bipolar plates and the first CVP plug-in are clamped and fastened to prevent loosening and displacement of components, resulting in poor contact and increased resistance, thereby improving the overall conductivity and stability of the battery stack and ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0012] 2. Compared with traditional machined end plates, the front and rear plates are made of resin injection molding, which shortens the manufacturing cycle, improves the consistency of dimensional accuracy, reduces energy consumption and costs, and has design flexibility. For example, the solid surface and grid structure layout of the front plate enhance the structural strength while optimizing the molding process through the draft design, reducing defects, and improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0013] 3. The end plate embedded nut process realizes the integration of the nut and the end plate, enhancing the connection reliability. During assembly, the bolts are directly screwed into the embedded nuts, eliminating the need for additional nut installation procedures, improving efficiency and making the connection more secure. It maintains the stability of the stack structure under complex working conditions, reduces the risk of failures caused by loose connections, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the stack.

[0014] 4. The end plate is precisely equipped with hydrogen, air, and coolant inlet and outlet ports, creating a smooth channel for the introduction of reaction gases and heat exchange. Hydrogen and air arrive at the electrode area in an orderly manner through the ports, and react efficiently at the proton exchange membrane electrode. The coolant circulates through the ports, carrying away heat in a timely manner to ensure that all components of the stack work in a suitable temperature zone, maintain the stability of the proton exchange membrane performance and the efficiency and continuity of the electrochemical reaction, and solve the problem of performance loss due to uneven temperature.

[0015] 5. The end plate wraps around the edge of the current collecting plate, thereby greatly reducing the rate of temperature dissipation. Since the injection-molded end plate material has extremely low thermal conductivity, this maximizes the temperature of the first and last cells to remain close to the core, improving the performance consistency of each cell in the stack.

[0016] 6. One side of the pressure plate is tightly fitted with the rear end plate, and the other side is provided with a number of reinforcing rib structures. The layout of the reinforcing rib structure can be determined through precise mechanical analysis, and is distributed in a dense manner according to the force distribution of the pressure plate. It is denser in areas with greater pressure and stress concentration, such as near the center of the fuel cell stack or fixed points, so that the overall force is reasonably dispersed to various local areas to avoid deformation and damage caused by stress concentration, improve local stiffness and strength, and stably maintain the structural shape of the fuel cell stack.

[0017] Of course, it is not necessary to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time to implement any product or method of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural explosion of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and a working cavity therein provided in an embodiment of this specification.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a front end plate assembly in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first CVP plug and its installation position in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in the embodiment of this specification; Figure 5 An assembly diagram of a front end plate assembly in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 6 An assembly diagram of a rear end plate assembly of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 7 An exploded view of the rear end plate assembly and steel strip in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in the embodiments of this specification; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the injection molding structure of the middle end plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in the embodiment of this specification; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a butterfly spring assembly in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of condensed liquid droplets that may be generated when a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided by an embodiment of this specification is in operation.

[0022] Among them, 1 represents the front end plate, wherein 101 represents the fuel gas hydrogen cavity inlet, 102 represents the combustion-supporting gas air cavity inlet, 103 represents the cooling medium coolant input cavity port, 104 represents the hydrogen cavity outlet remaining after the reaction, 105 represents the combustion-supporting gas air cavity outlet remaining after the reaction, 106 represents the cooling liquid output cavity port after heat exchange, 107 represents the steel belt groove, and 108 represents the first nut; 2 represents the front current collecting plate, wherein 201 represents the first plate-shaped structure, 202 represents the first pole ear, and 2021 represents the first through hole; 3 represents the front tail plate bipolar plate, wherein 301 represents the first recessed portion, and 302 represents the first columnar boss; 4 represents the steel belt, 5 represents the proton exchange membrane electrode, and 6 represents Indicates a hydrogen fuel cell core, 7 represents a rear end plate, 8 represents a butterfly spring assembly, wherein 81 represents a guide pad, 82 represents a butterfly spring, 811 represents a base, and 812 represents an annular guide shaft; 9 represents a pressure plate, 10 represents an upper guard plate, 11 represents a lower guard plate, 12 represents a CVP harness, and 13 represents a CVP connector; 14 represents a first CVP plug, wherein 1401 represents a mounting portion, and 1402 represents a second through hole; 15 represents a rear collecting plate, 16 represents a second cylindrical boss, 17 represents an annular air avoidance groove, 18 represents a third cylindrical boss, 19 represents a second recessed portion, 20 represents a contraction port, 21 represents a reinforcing rib position, 22 represents a solid surface, 23 represents a condensate droplet, and 24 represents a line contact. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. Other obvious replacements, modifications and variations may occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0024] Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise specified herein, the terms “one” and “an” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise specified herein, the directions or positions referred to by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements involved must have a specific direction or position. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural explosion of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery stack and the working cavity therein. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front end plate assembly in the battery stack. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first CVP plug and its installation position in the battery stack; Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of the front end plate assembly in the battery stack; Figure 6 An assembly diagram of a rear end plate assembly of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 7 An exploded view of the rear end plate assembly and steel strip in the battery stack; Figure 8 This is the injection molding structure diagram of the middle end plate of the fuel cell stack; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a butterfly spring assembly in a battery stack; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of condensed liquid droplets that may be generated when using the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figures 1 to 10 The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0028] As shown in the figure, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in the embodiment of this specification includes a front end plate 1, a front current collecting plate 2, a rear plate bipolar plate 3, a proton exchange membrane electrode 5, a hydrogen fuel cell core 6, a rear end plate 7, a plurality of butterfly spring assemblies 8, a pressure plate 9, a first CVP plug 14, a second CVP plug and a rear current collecting plate 15.

[0029] The front end plate 1 is located at the front end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and mainly serves as a supporting structure to ensure the stability and safety of the stack. Specifically, the design of the front end plate 1 includes the inlet and outlet ports for the reaction gas and the cooling medium, and is an important part of the entire stack structure. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the working cavity in the battery stack is shown, namely, a fuel gas hydrogen cavity inlet 101 and a hydrogen cavity outlet 104 remaining after the reaction are provided at the outer end of the front end plate 1; an oxidant gas air cavity inlet 102 and an oxidant gas air cavity outlet 105 remaining after the reaction; a cooling medium coolant input cavity 103 and a coolant output cavity 106 after heat exchange.

[0030] In this structure, the reaction gases (hydrogen and oxygen) are precisely introduced into the electrode area inside the stack through specific cavities to supply raw materials for the electrochemical reaction in the core area of ​​the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Hydrogen enters the anode side from a special cavity, and oxygen reaches the cathode side through the corresponding cavity. The two react at the proton exchange membrane electrode, driving the directional movement of electrons to form an electric current. At the same time, the cooling medium (such as water or coolant) constructs a circulation channel through specific inlet and outlet cavities. When the stack is working and generating heat, the cooling medium absorbs heat efficiently, and uses the principle of heat exchange to bring the heat out of the stack system, maintaining the appropriate working temperature of each component of the stack, ensuring the stable performance of key components such as proton exchange membranes and electrodes, and the continuous and efficient electrochemical reaction. It is an indispensable key structural element for the stable and reliable power generation of the stack, which can improve the overall performance of the stack and extend its service life.

[0031] The end plates of existing hydrogen fuel cell stacks are formed by machining, that is, these end plates are manufactured by traditional machining methods (such as turning, milling, drilling, etc.). This method usually requires a long processing cycle, and the consistency of dimensional accuracy is low, and the production energy consumption and cost are relatively high. To solve this problem, the front end plate 1 in the technical solution of this application is obtained by injection molding with a resin material as the base material; a first nut 108 for fastening with a first bolt is pre-embedded at the upper end of the front end plate 1, and the first nut 108 is formed integrally with the front end plate 1 during the injection molding process of the front end plate 1 by pre-embedded technology.

[0032] A front current collecting plate 2 is arranged behind the front end plate 1 to efficiently collect the current generated by the anode side single cell. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front-end panel assembly. Figure 3In the figure, the main body of the front current collecting plate 2 is a first plate-shaped structure 201, which can be customized according to the internal layout and mechanical principles of the battery stack. While ensuring stability, it reserves a reasonable space for the flow of gas and coolant, effectively avoiding channel blockage and flow interference, ensuring smooth transmission of the reaction medium, and maintaining the stability of the electrochemical reaction. A first pole ear 202 is integrally provided in the middle position of the upper end of the first plate-shaped structure 201. The integrally formed first pole ear 202 is orthogonal to the first plate-shaped structure 201. This layout can greatly shorten the current transmission path and reduce resistance, creating favorable conditions for efficient current collection and export, ensuring that electrical energy is quickly conducted to the external circuit, and enhancing the power output capacity of the battery stack; a plurality of first through holes 2021 are provided on the first pole ear 202, and the aperture size of the first through hole 2021 is precisely matched with the first bolt, and the tolerance is controlled within the allowable range to ensure a tight fit; after the first bolt is screwed into the first through hole 2021 and tightened with the embedded first nut 108, The front current collecting plate 2 is fixed to the front end plate 1, and the plate structure of the front current collecting plate 2 is made to fit closely to the inner end of the front end plate 1, so as to ensure good electrical contact and mechanical stability, prevent poor contact, sudden resistance change and other faults caused by looseness during operation, and effectively guarantee the reliable operation and stable performance of the battery stack. At the same time, this is equivalent to providing an end plate structure style for embedded installation of the current collecting plate. This design allows the end plate to wrap around the edge of the current collecting plate, thereby greatly reducing the rate of temperature dissipation. Since the injection-molded end plate material has extremely low thermal conductivity, this maximizes the temperature of the first and last battery cells to be kept close to the core, thereby improving the performance consistency of each battery in the battery stack. Considering that the temperature of a hydrogen fuel cell stack is one of its sensitive factors when it is working, when the current collector is exposed to the air, it will cause excessive heat loss at the head and tail ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack core, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the head and tail single cells. In this case, since the current collector is usually made of materials with good conductivity (such as copper, aluminum and their alloys), they are also good conductors of heat. Therefore, when the fuel cell is working, a large amount of heat will be lost to the air, resulting in a temperature difference between the head and tail ends of the stack and the core, which may affect the working efficiency and performance consistency of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The embedded installation method of the current collector in the technical solution of this application can make the end plate wrap around the edge of the current collector, greatly reducing the rate of temperature loss. Because the injection-molded end plate material has extremely low thermal conductivity, the temperature of the head and tail cells is kept close to the core to the maximum extent, improving the performance consistency of each cell in the stack.

[0033] The front current collector 2 is usually made of metal materials with multiple characteristics such as high conductivity, low contact resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., such as copper, aluminum, titanium plate, etc. These materials have the characteristics of low resistance and high conductivity, which can ensure the smooth conduction of current in the current collector and reduce power loss. During the operation of the battery stack, the current collector can effectively collect the current generated by each single cell in the hydrogen fuel cell core, and integrate and transmit it to the external circuit to provide a stable power supply for the load. The current collector has good thermal conductivity while collecting and transmitting current.

[0034] A hydrogen fuel cell core 6 is arranged at the rear end of the front collecting plate 2. The hydrogen fuel cell core, as the core component of the fuel cell stack, is formed by orderly stacking multiple groups of single cells, wherein a front tail plate bipolar plate 3 is arranged at the front end of the hydrogen fuel cell core 6, and a rear tail plate bipolar plate is arranged at the rear end of the hydrogen fuel cell core 6. Figure 4 The first CVP plug in the battery stack and its installation position diagram are shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in the right sub-figure of FIG. 1 , a first recessed portion 301 is provided near the outer side of the front tail plate bipolar plate 3, and a first cylindrical boss 302 is provided in the middle of the first recessed portion 301. Figure 3As shown in the left sub-figure, a second through hole 1402 is provided at the mounting portion 1401 of the first CVP plug 14, and the opening size of the second through hole 1402 matches the size of the first cylindrical boss 302, and the first recessed portion 301 matches the shape of the mounting portion 1401. When assembling, the first cylindrical boss 302 is smoothly inserted into the second through hole 1402, so that the mounting portion 1401 and the first recessed portion 301 are tightly clamped and fastened together to build a stable and reliable connection structure. The installation of the metal sheet used for the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack single cell voltage collection is more troublesome, mainly because it is necessary to use conductive glue for bonding and fixing first, and then bonding the bipolar plate and the single cell. This process is not only time-consuming and reduces the production efficiency of the entire product, but also the amount of conductive glue is difficult to accurately control: if the amount of glue is too much, it may cause local fracturing of the bipolar plate and the single cell when they are bonded after curing; if the amount of glue is too little, it will cause the bonding to be unreliable and easy to fall off. In the technical solution of the present application, the first recessed portion 301 is used in the installation of the first CVP plug 14, and is assembled with the mounting portion 1401 for tolerance matching, so as to simplify the installation process, and no conductive glue is needed for bonding. The assembly is simple and fast, and the consumption of auxiliary materials in the production process of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is saved. This not only improves the production efficiency, but also reduces the problems that may be caused by improper use of conductive glue, such as local fracturing after excessive hardening of the conductive glue or insufficient conductive glue resulting in unreliable bonding. Similarly, one end of the rear tail bipolar plate is connected to the second CVP plug through a similar boss structure design. The hydrogen fuel cell core 6 is arranged to be composed of a plurality of groups of bipolar plates and proton exchange membrane electrodes 5 stacked together. Each single cell in the core also has a CVP plug. The proton exchange membrane electrode is the place where hydrogen and oxygen undergo electrochemical reactions and can generate electrical energy. It serves to isolate the air and hydrogen of the cathode and anode and conduct protons. Specifically, in this process, hydrogen is introduced to the anode side, where hydrogen molecules are decomposed into protons and electrons; protons pass through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode, while electrons flow through the external circuit to form an electric current; on the cathode side, oxygen combines with protons and electrons to form water and release heat energy. Throughout the process, the proton exchange membrane not only conducts protons, but also plays a role in isolating gases, ensuring the safe progress of the reaction.

[0035] Continuing to explain the structure of the battery stack provided in the embodiment of this specification, a rear current collecting plate 15 is arranged behind the rear tail plate bipolar plate, which is used to collect the current of the single battery on the cathode side and conduct it to the external load, and a rear end plate 7 is arranged behind the rear current collecting plate 15; wherein, the rear end plate 7 is obtained by injection molding with a resin material as a matrix using an injection molding process; the upper end of the rear end plate is provided with a second nut for fastening with a second bolt by a pre-embedded manner, and the second nut is integrally formed with the rear end plate 7 during the injection molding process of the rear end plate 7 by a pre-embedded process; the rear current collecting plate 15 is made of a conductive material, and the main body of the rear current collecting plate 15 is a second plate-shaped structure, and the upper end of the second plate-shaped structure A second pole ear is integrally provided at the middle position, and the second pole ear is orthogonally arranged with the second plate-shaped structure; a plurality of second through holes are opened on the second pole ear; after the second bolt is screwed into the second through hole and tightened with the embedded second nut, the rear current collecting plate 15 is fixed to the rear end plate 7, and the plate-shaped body of the rear current collecting plate 15 is close to the inner end of the rear end plate 7. The material selection of the rear current collecting plate 15 is the same as that of the front current collecting plate 2, which will not be repeated here. At the same time, in this structure, the rear end plate 7 also wraps the edge of the rear current collecting plate 15, thereby greatly reducing the rate of temperature dissipation. The relevant technical effects have been explained in detail in the previous text and will not be repeated here.

[0036] During the injection molding process, the rear end plate 7 is integrally molded with a plurality of second recessed portions 19 at the outer end, and a second cylindrical boss 16 is molded in each of the plurality of second recessed portions, and the second cylindrical boss 16 is used to limit the butterfly spring assembly 8; wherein, the butterfly spring assembly 8 includes a guide pad 81 and a plurality of disc springs 82, and the guide pad 81 includes an integrally arranged base 811 and an annular guide shaft 812, and the guide pad 81 is provided with a contraction opening 20 on one side of the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the disc spring 82 matches the outer diameter of the annular guide shaft 812. The base 811 can provide a stable support platform for the disc spring 82, ensure the vertical installation and positioning accuracy of the spring, maintain the working stability, and avoid the lateral displacement causing the performance fluctuation and structural damage. The annular guide shaft 812 is precisely adapted to the inner diameter of the disc spring 82, and is tightly matched, so as to radially position the spring, constrain the radial displacement, ensure the compression rebound along the predetermined axial path, and ensure the stable and reliable mechanical properties of the assembly. The shape and size of the contraction opening 20 are determined according to the mechanical properties and working stroke of the disc spring 82, and sufficient space is reserved for the dynamic change of the spring shaft diameter, so as to buffer and absorb the complex stress generated by the operation of the battery stack, effectively prevent stress concentration from damaging components, and improve the service life and reliability of the components. The disc spring 82 is a core elastic element, which can be made of high-quality steel and formed through precision processing. Multiple disc springs 82 are accurately stacked according to design requirements to form an elastic energy storage and release unit. The springs work closely together to ensure that the force is evenly transmitted and distributed to avoid local stress concentration failure. The material of the guide pad 81 can be selected from high-strength, high-toughness, wear-resistant and self-lubricating engineering plastics or metal alloys, such as polyetheretherketone plastics, copper-based or nickel-based alloys, to provide solid support for the stable and reliable operation of the disc spring assembly.

[0037] Continuing to explain the structure of the battery stack, a pressure plate 9 is arranged behind the rear end plate 7, and a plurality of annular air avoidance grooves 17 are opened on the side where the pressure plate 9 and the rear end plate 7 are in contact, and the opening position of each of the plurality of annular air avoidance grooves coincides with the opening position of the second recessed portion at the corresponding position; a third cylindrical boss 18 is arranged in each of the plurality of annular air avoidance grooves, and the third cylindrical boss 18 is used to extend into the opening of the upper end of the annular guide shaft 812 at the corresponding position so that the upper end of the annular guide shaft 812 extends into the groove of the annular air avoidance groove.

[0038] As mentioned above, in the technical solution of the present application, the front end plate 1 and the rear end plate 7 are obtained by injection molding using a resin material as a base material. Specifically, a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin is heated to a molten state, and then injected into a pre-designed mold under high pressure, and then cooled and solidified to form a component of a desired shape and size. During the injection molding process, the front end plate 1 and the rear end plate 7 may be provided with a plurality of grid structures (the grid structure is composed of Figure 3It can be seen that in order to reduce weight, the grid structure can have a uniform wall thickness. This means that in the design of the end plate of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, a grid-like structure is adopted, and the wall thickness of this structure is uniform. Such a design can be conveniently demolded by mold injection molding, which helps to improve production efficiency and product quality. Among them, the internal structure design of the end plate (such as the front end plate 1 or the rear end plate 7) can adopt grids of different shapes, not only limited to rectangles, but also various forms such as rings or diamonds. The grid structure helps to achieve the purpose of lightweight design and avoids the problems of large volume and heavy weight caused by overall thickening and uneven material shrinkage and large dimensional deviation. In the injection molding process, the front end plate 1 and the rear end plate 7 can be removed from the mold by the double-sided demolding process, wherein the double-sided demolding refers to a small angle tilt set on the inner wall or outer wall of the mold in the mold design for the convenience of demolding. This design makes it easier to remove the molded parts from the mold and avoids the problem of mold jamming caused by the vertical surface. In the end plate structure style in the technical solution of the present application, the draft angle can be 3°, or 1°, 2°, etc., to reduce defects generated during the injection molding process and improve production efficiency.

[0039] The first nut 108 adapted to the upper end of the front end plate 1 has the function of closely cooperating with the first bolt to achieve a tightening effect. This nut adopts a pre-embedded process and is integrated with the front end plate 1 during the injection molding process. Specifically, when the injection molding process of the front end plate 1 is started, the first nut 108 is accurately positioned at a specific position of the mold. After the thermoplastic or thermosetting resin is heated and melted, it is injected into the mold cavity under high pressure. After the cooling and curing process, the resin material evenly wraps the nut, so that it is firmly embedded in the internal structure of the front end plate 1, and finally the nut and the front end plate 1 are formed in one piece. In this way, in the subsequent assembly operation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, only the first bolt needs to be screwed directly into the pre-embedded first nut 108, so that the front end plate 1 can be efficiently connected with the relevant components. Not only does it greatly reduce the complicated process of additional nut installation and improve the overall assembly efficiency, but also the integrated structural characteristics greatly enhance the bonding strength between the nut and the front end plate 1, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the overall structure of the hydrogen fuel cell stack under complex working conditions.

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the butterfly spring assembly in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack provided in the embodiment of this specification. In the technical solution of this embodiment, the disc spring assembly in the hydrogen fuel cell stack and its structure is equivalent to providing a guide pad structure style with a contraction port that has the functions of shaft diameter contraction and spacing guidance and positioning. In order to maintain the support force of the hydrogen fuel cell stack core, a butterfly spring group with buffering and compensation core assembly force is required. The butterfly spring is a conical structure. When multiple disc springs are assembled, they are in line contact through the apex of the cone (such as Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 The position indicated by the middle number 24 is in line contact), with a small contact area. When a single butterfly spring is offset, it is easy to cause the force on other disc spring groups to increase, resulting in uneven support force on the hydrogen fuel cell stack core. The shaft diameter of the guide pad where the butterfly spring is installed is close to the inner hole diameter of the butterfly spring, and no alignment or secondary correction is required during installation; when the disc spring is compressed to buffer and compensate for the stack support force, the shaft diameter can shrink and rebound with the inner hole of the butterfly spring, always maintaining a directional state, and will not deviate or get stuck.

[0041] The working principle of the butterfly spring assembly 8 mentioned above is explained below. When the battery stack is assembled, the butterfly spring assembly 8 is placed at a specific position between the rear end plate 7 and the pressure plate 9. The second recessed portion of the rear end plate 7 and the first cylindrical boss in the recessed portion, the annular air avoidance groove of the pressure plate 9 and the third cylindrical boss 18 in the groove work together with the guide pad 81 to accurately limit the position, firmly lock the position of the butterfly spring assembly 8, and prevent the operation displacement from affecting the performance of the battery stack. During the operation of the battery stack, changes in operating conditions produce complex stresses and load fluctuations. When external pressure is applied to the pressure plate 9, the pressure is evenly transmitted to the butterfly spring assembly 8 through the pressure plate 9. The disc spring 82 is compressed by force, and the elastic potential energy increases with the increase of the deformation amount, and energy is stored efficiently. During this process, the annular guide shaft 812 can accurately constrain the radial displacement of the spring according to the design of the contraction mouth, ensure stable compression, and avoid tilting and jamming. When the stack working condition changes and the holding force needs to be adjusted, the disc spring 82 releases energy and rebounds according to its own elastic characteristics, driving the pressure plate 9 to apply a reverse force to the stack to compensate for the change in holding force and maintain stable operation of the structure. By accurately designing the specification parameters, quantity combination of the disc spring 82 and the structural dimensions of the guide pad 81, the disc spring assembly 8 can flexibly and accurately respond to the different working conditions of the stack, ensure the stable and appropriate holding force of the core, improve the reliability, durability and overall performance of the stack, and provide a solid guarantee for the stable and efficient operation of the fuel cell system.

[0042] The center of the guide pad is an annular guide shaft that fits tightly with the inner hole of the disc spring. Its diameter is precisely designed according to the spring specifications, and the tolerance is strictly controlled to ensure smooth installation without jamming and good concentricity. The surface of the annular guide shaft is finely polished and has low roughness to ensure smooth sliding and flexible response when the disc spring is compressed and rebounded, reducing energy loss and wear. The edge of one side of the guide pad is carefully designed with a contraction port. The contraction port not only reserves sufficient space for the change of the disc spring shaft diameter, but also can deform appropriately to buffer stress when subjected to force, ensuring that the shaft diameter is accurately adjusted with the dynamic inner hole of the disc spring, maintaining a close contact and stable state, and preventing relative displacement and jamming.

[0043] In the technical solution of the present application, the nuts used for bolt fastening on the front end plate or the rear end plate can be pre-embedded and injection molded as one piece. Specifically, during the injection molding process of the end plate (such as the front end plate or the rear end plate), the nuts are pre-embedded into the mold so that the nuts are already contained in the final formed end plate. This design makes it easy to directly screw the bolts into the pre-embedded nuts when fixing them later, thereby fastening the hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly, reducing the need for additional nut installation steps during subsequent assembly, improving production efficiency, and making the nuts and the end plates more firmly bonded, thereby improving the stability and safety of the overall structure.

[0044] In the optional embodiment technical solution, a plurality of reinforcing rib structures are provided on the other side of the pressure plate 9, and the reinforcing rib structures are used to locally reinforce the stress-bearing area of ​​the pressure plate 9 to improve the local stiffness and local strength of the pressure plate 9. In this solution, one side of the pressure plate 9 is tightly fitted with the rear end plate 7, and a plurality of reinforcing rib structures are provided on the other side. The layout of the reinforcing rib structure can be determined by precise mechanical analysis, and is distributed in a sparse and orderly manner according to the stress distribution of the pressure plate 9. It is encrypted in areas with greater pressure and stress concentration, such as near the center or fixed point of the battery stack, so that the overall force is reasonably dispersed to each local area to avoid deformation and damage caused by stress concentration, improve local stiffness and strength, and stably maintain the structural form of the battery stack. The reinforcing ribs and the pressure plate 9 are made of the same or compatible materials to ensure compatibility and synergy of physical and chemical properties. During manufacturing, the rib shape is formed by cutting, milling and other mechanical processing after molding, or the rib structure is pre-set according to the mold in the injection molding or die-casting one-piece molding process, and the material is filled in one piece during molding. When the fuel cell stack is running, this structure provides stable support for the butterfly spring assembly 8, keeps the core pressure uniform and constant, and enables the fuel cell stack to operate reliably under complex working conditions and dynamic load changes.

[0045] In an optional embodiment technical solution, steel belt grooves 107 with equal spacing are correspondingly opened on the peripheral parts of the front end plate 1 and the rear end plate 7; the battery stack also includes a plurality of steel belts 4, each of the plurality of steel belts 4 passes through the corresponding steel belt groove 107 and is wrapped around the outermost periphery of the hydrogen fuel cell stack to maintain the supporting force of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the steel belt 4 can be made of stainless steel.

[0046] Considering that if the steel strips are unevenly distributed, the core stress will be unbalanced, which will lead to local stress concentration and affect the battery performance and life. Therefore, in the technical solution of this embodiment, steel strip grooves 107 with equal spacing are opened at the outer periphery of the front end plate 1 and the rear end plate 7 to Figure 3 The front end board 1 in the figure is used as an example to illustrate. Figure 3It can be seen that a number of equally spaced steel belt grooves are opened at the corresponding positions of the upper and lower ends of the front end plate 1. The steel belt grooves have an arc surface. The equally spaced steel belt grooves can make the steel belt evenly distributed, keep the core support force evenly distributed, make the core force balanced, and reduce the local stress of the end plate. The steel belt grooves with arc surfaces can increase the effective contact area between the steel belt and the end plate, and avoid the failure of the steel belt due to excessive local stress at the bending place of the steel belt. The steel belt 4 can be made of stainless steel.

[0047] In an optional embodiment technical solution, a solid surface 22 for strengthening the overall structure is provided in the middle of the front end plate 1 structure; wherein the draft depths on the left and right sides of the solid surface are equal to reduce deformation of the front end plate 1 caused by uneven thermal expansion and contraction after demolding; wherein rectangular grid structures are provided on the left and right sides of the solid surface.

[0048] The applicant has noticed that the reason why the core of the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack is prone to leakage is mainly related to the working environment and structure of the stack. Specifically, in the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack, the core part is exposed to the air. When the core seeps or leaks between the battery packs during operation, it will condense into liquid water droplets on the protective sheet. If these water droplets are mixed with impurities, they may cause adjacent batteries to short-circuit. In order to solve this problem, in the optional embodiment technical solution of the present application, the battery stack can also include an upper guard plate 10 and a lower guard plate 11, both of which are structures with uniformly distributed micropores; the upper guard plate 10 is arranged above the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the lower guard plate 11 is arranged below the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the upper guard plate 10 and the lower guard plate 11 are used to improve the electrical insulation strength and protect the hydrogen fuel cell stack core; the upper guard plate 10 and the lower guard plate 11 are both made of insulating materials. In the present solution, the upper guard plate 10 and the lower guard plate 11 can be made of materials with porous and microporous structures, so that they have the functions of isolating water droplets, being breathable and insulating, increasing the electrical insulation strength between the steel belt and the hydrogen fuel cell stack core, and also allowing the condensed droplets to be carried away by the purge gas through the micropores on the upper guard plate 10 and the lower guard plate 11 when leakage between multiple groups of batteries in the core and high-humidity box purge gas condenses on the insulating sheet, or when the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell stack core rises and the condensed droplets evaporate, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit between two adjacent batteries due to condensed droplets.

[0049] In the optional embodiment technical solution, the battery stack also includes a CVP harness 12 and a CVP connector 13; wherein the CVP harness 12 is connected to the CVP connector 13 for transmitting electrical signals and data collection; the CVP connector 13 is used to connect the first CVP plug 14 and the CVP harness 12 to realize electrical signal conduction. In the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure, the CVP harness 12, as the core carrier of signal transmission, can be carefully twisted by multiple strands of wires with excellent conductivity, and its insulating sheath is tightly wrapped with highly insulating, wear-resistant, and chemically resistant materials to ensure the stability and safety of signal transmission and effectively prevent signal interference and leakage. The CVP connector 13 is a hub component for realizing precise conduction of electrical signals, and its internal structure includes multiple precisely designed metal contact pieces or pins, which are carefully manufactured and precisely assembled according to strict electrical standards and tolerance requirements. During the connection process, the CVP connector 13, with its stable and reliable mechanical structure, ensures that the connection with the first CVP plug 14 and the CVP harness 12 is tight, stable and lasting, thereby building a continuous, stable and low-impedance transmission channel for the electrical signal, effectively ensuring that the electrical signal has minimal loss and high fidelity during the conduction process. When the battery stack is actually running, the CVP harness 12 and the CVP connector 13 work closely together to efficiently collect and transmit electrical signals and data from various places inside the battery stack. These electrical signals and data include key parameters such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the single cell, providing a key basis for real-time monitoring of the working status of the battery stack. With the help of advanced sensor technology and a sophisticated data acquisition system, relevant parameters can be collected and accurately transmitted in real time with extremely high accuracy and frequency, thereby providing solid data support for subsequent data analysis, fault diagnosis, and operation optimization. Through this mechanism, abnormal conditions in the operation of the battery stack, such as voltage fluctuations, current imbalances, and temperature overruns, can be detected in a timely manner, and targeted measures can be quickly taken for precise regulation and optimization, effectively ensuring that the battery stack always maintains an efficient, stable, and safe operating state.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0052] The above is only a specific implementation of the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to it. Any changes or substitutions that are not conceived through creative work should be included in the protection scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be based on the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, characterized in that: The battery stack comprises: A front plate (1), a front current collecting plate (2), a rear plate bipolar plate (3), a proton exchange membrane electrode (5), a hydrogen fuel cell stack (6), a rear plate (7), a plurality of butterfly spring assemblies (8), a pressure plate (9), a first CVP insert (14), a second CVP insert and a rear current collecting plate (15); The front end plate (1) is located at the front end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the outer end of the front end plate (1) is provided with a fuel gas hydrogen cavity inlet (101), a hydrogen cavity outlet (104) remaining after the reaction; an oxidant gas air cavity inlet (102), an oxidant gas air cavity outlet (105) remaining after the reaction; a cooling medium coolant input cavity inlet (103), and a coolant output cavity inlet (106) after heat exchange; The front end plate (1) is obtained by injection molding using a resin material as a base material; a first nut (108) for fastening with a first bolt is provided at the upper end of the front end plate (1) in a pre-embedded manner; the first nut (108) is integrally formed with the front end plate (1) during the injection molding process of the front end plate (1) using the pre-embedded process; The front current collecting plate (2) is made of a conductive material, the main body of the front current collecting plate (2) is a first plate-shaped structure (201), a first pole ear (202) is integrally provided at the middle position of the upper end of the first plate-shaped structure (201), the first pole ear (202) and the first plate-shaped structure (201) are arranged orthogonally; a plurality of first through holes (2021) are provided on the first pole ear (202); the first bolt is screwed into the first through hole (221) and tightened with the pre-embedded first nut (108) to fix the front current collecting plate (2) and the front end plate (1); and the plate-shaped structure of the front current collecting plate (2) is closely attached to the inner end of the front end plate (1); The hydrogen fuel cell stack core (6) is arranged at the rear end of the front current collecting plate (2), and the hydrogen fuel cell stack core (6) is formed by stacking a plurality of groups of single cells, wherein a front tail plate bipolar plate (3) is arranged at the front end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack core (6), and a rear tail plate bipolar plate is arranged at the rear end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack core (6); wherein a first recessed portion (301) is provided at a position close to the outer side of the front tail plate bipolar plate (3), a first columnar boss (302) is provided at a middle position of the first recessed portion (301), and the first CVP insert (14 ) is provided with a second through hole (1402) at the position of the mounting portion (1401), the opening size of the second through hole (1402) matches the size of the first columnar boss (302), and the shape of the first recessed portion (301) matches the shape of the mounting portion (1401), so that after the first columnar boss (302) is inserted into the second through hole (1402), the mounting portion (1401) and the first recessed portion (301) are clamped and fastened together, and the second CVP insert is fixedly arranged on the rear tail plate bipolar plate; The hydrogen fuel cell stack core (6) is composed of a plurality of groups of bipolar plates and the proton exchange membrane electrode (5) stacked together; The rear current collecting plate (15) is arranged behind the rear tail bipolar plate, and the rear end plate (7) is arranged behind the rear current collecting plate (15); wherein the rear end plate (7) is obtained by injection molding with a resin material as a matrix; a second nut for fastening with a second bolt is pre-embedded at the upper end of the rear end plate, and the second nut is integrally formed with the rear end plate (7) during the injection molding process of the rear end plate (7) by pre-embedded technology; the rear current collecting plate (15) is made of conductive material, the main body of the rear current collecting plate (15) is a second plate-shaped structure, a second pole ear is integrally arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the second plate-shaped structure, and the second pole ear and the second plate-shaped structure are arranged orthogonally; a plurality of second through holes are opened on the second pole ear; after the second bolt is screwed into the second through hole and tightened with the pre-embedded second nut, the rear current collecting plate (15) and the rear end plate (7) are fixed, and the plate-shaped main body of the rear current collecting plate (15) is closely attached to the inner end of the rear end plate (7); The rear end plate (7) is integrally molded with a plurality of second recessed portions (19) at the outer end during the injection molding process, and a second cylindrical boss (16) is molded in each of the plurality of second recessed portions (19), and the second cylindrical boss (16) is used to limit the butterfly spring assembly (8); wherein the butterfly spring assembly (8) comprises a guide pad (81) and a plurality of disc springs (82), the guide pad (81) comprising an integrally arranged base (811) and an annular guide shaft (812), the guide pad (81) being provided with a contraction opening (20) on one side in the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the disc spring (82) matches the outer diameter of the annular guide shaft (812); The pressure-bearing plate (9) is arranged behind the rear end plate (7), and a plurality of annular air-avoiding grooves (17) are provided on the side of the pressure-bearing plate (9) that is in contact with the rear end plate (7), and the opening position of each of the plurality of annular air-avoiding grooves (17) is consistent with the opening position of the second recessed portion at the corresponding position; a third cylindrical boss (18) is provided in each of the plurality of annular air-avoiding grooves, and the third cylindrical boss (18) is used to extend into the opening at the upper end of the annular guide shaft (812) at the corresponding position.

2. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing rib structures are provided on the other side of the pressure-bearing plate (9), and the reinforcing rib structures are used to locally reinforce the stress-bearing area of ​​the pressure-bearing plate (9) so as to improve the local stiffness and local strength of the pressure-bearing plate (9).

3. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer peripheries of the front end plate (1) and the rear end plate (7) are provided with steel belt grooves (107) distributed at equal intervals; The battery stack further comprises a plurality of steel belts (4), each of the plurality of steel belts (4) passing through a corresponding steel belt groove (107) and then being wound around the outermost periphery of the hydrogen fuel cell stack to maintain the supporting force of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the steel belts (4) are made of stainless steel.

4. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid surface for strengthening the overall structure is arranged in the middle of the front end plate (1) structure; wherein the draft depths on the left and right sides of the solid surface are equal, so as to reduce deformation of the front end plate (1) caused by uneven thermal expansion and contraction after demoulding; wherein rectangular grid structures are arranged on the left and right sides of the solid surface.

5. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery stack further comprises an upper protective plate (10) and a lower protective plate (11), both of which are structures with uniformly distributed micropores; the upper protective plate (10) is arranged above the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the lower protective plate (11) is arranged below the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the upper protective plate (10) and the lower protective plate (11) are used to improve the electrical insulation strength and protect the core of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the upper protective plate (10) and the lower protective plate (11) are both made of insulating material.

6. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery stack further comprises a CVP harness (12) and a CVP connector (13); wherein the CVP harness (12) is connected to the CVP connector (13) for transmitting electrical signals and collecting data; and the CVP connector (13) is used to connect the first CVP plug (14) and the CVP harness (12) to electrical signals.

7. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the injection molding process, a plurality of grid structures are provided at the outer ends of the front end plate (1) and the rear end plate (7) to reduce weight.

Images