Self-adaptive deicing equipment based on dual-mode energy supply and high-thermal-conductivity material

Abstract

The invention relates to self-adaptive deicing equipment based on dual-mode energy supply and a high-thermal-conductivity material, which comprises an insulating rod body, one end of the insulating rod body is provided with a replaceable deicing part, the other end of the insulating rod body is provided with an energy supply module and a control module, the control module is electrically connected with the energy supply module to store or release electric energy converted from magnetic energy, a heat conduction part is arranged in the rod body, and the heat conduction part is electrically connected with the energy supply module. One end of the heat conduction part is connected with the deicing part, the other end of the heat conduction part is connected with the energy supply module, the energy supply module is used for supplying power and generating heat energy to transfer heat to the heat conduction part, the heat conduction part is used for transferring heat to the deicing part and is made of a boron nitride or aluminum nitride material, the deicing part comprises a connecting part and a contact part, and the connecting part is used for being connected with the heat conduction part; the shape of the contact part is matched with that of a to-be-deiced electric power component; according to the method, rapid ice melting of the power equipment is realized, and technical breakthroughs are realized in multiple indexes such as the deicing success probability, the deicing efficiency, the low equipment damage rate and the deicing application multiple scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power facility maintenance, and in particular to an adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity materials. Background Art

[0002] Power equipment is prone to long-term ice accumulation in low-temperature rain, snow, and freezing rain, which greatly affects the performance of power equipment, increases the risk of hidden dangers caused by grounding, local, and phase-to-phase short circuits, and seriously affects the safe and steady-state operation cycle of power equipment. In recent years, although a number of technologies have been introduced to deal with ice-covered faults, such as drone unloading collision, circular deicing insulation rods, robot deicing vehicles, and DC deicing, the relevant technologies cannot meet the needs of rapid fault elimination or resumption of operation of all power equipment after ice accumulation in terms of equipment application, ice removal rate, and deicing efficiency.

[0003] Analysis of the technical parameters of existing deicing methods shows the following defects: Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide an adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity materials, which is suitable for deicing operations in all working conditions (power outage / powered / half-voltage operation) of transmission lines, insulating porcelain bottles, ground wires and substation equipment with a voltage level of AC 110-800KV.

[0005] The specific scheme of the present invention is: an adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode power supply and high thermal conductivity material, including an insulating rod body, one end of the insulating rod body is provided with a replaceable deicing part, and the other end is provided with a power supply module and a control module, the control module is electrically connected to the power supply module to store or release the electrical energy converted from magnetic energy, a heat conducting part is provided in the rod body, one end of the heat conducting part is connected to the deicing part, and the other end is connected to the power supply module, the power supply module is used to supply power and generate heat energy to transfer heat to the heat conducting part, the heat conducting part is used to transfer heat to the deicing part, the heat conducting part is made of boron nitride or aluminum nitride material, the deicing part includes a connecting part and a contact part, the connecting part is used to connect to the heat conducting part, and the shape of the contact part matches the electrical component to be deiced.

[0006] Furthermore, the surface of the contact portion is coated with a layer of graphene material.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy supply module includes a magnetoelectric module and an electric heating module, and the magnetoelectric module includes a follower connecting rod, an eccentric wheel, a copper coil, a copper ring, a permanent magnet and a battery pack. The eccentric wheel is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft coincides with the center line of the heat conducting part. The rotating shaft is connected to a support rod, and the copper coil is provided at the end of the support rod. The copper coil is rectangular, and two copper rings are provided and are respectively connected to the bottom ends of both sides of the copper coil, and the two copper rings are staggered and arranged at intervals. A plurality of permanent magnets are provided and a Halbach array is arranged on the outside of the copper coil.

[0008] Furthermore, the control module includes a PE heating film, a capacitor group, a signal indicator, a PID control module and a switch. When the energy supply module generates electric energy, the current passes through the copper ring to the capacitor group for energy storage and then is boosted by the PID control module to supply the battery group and the PE heating film. The PE heating film is connected to the heat conductive part.

[0009] Furthermore, the insulating rod body includes an outer epoxy resin insulating layer and an inner glass fiber buffer layer, and the heat conducting part is arranged on the inner side of the glass fiber buffer layer.

[0010] Furthermore, a threaded positioning hole is provided at the tail end of the insulating rod body, and the threaded positioning hole is used to connect to a drone or a robot.

[0011] Furthermore, a switch control button is provided at the tail end of the insulating rod body, and the switch control button is electrically connected to the control module. The switch control button includes a master control button, a heating button and a normally open temperature control button.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat conducting part is manufactured by the following steps: S1, powder synthesis: hexagonal boron nitride is synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and the grain boundary density is controlled to be ≤5 / μm 2 To reduce phonon scattering; S2. Forming and sintering: hot pressing sintering: temperature 1800-2200℃, pressure 20-50mpa, adding alumina as a sintering aid, density ≥98%, anisotropy control: through directional pressing, the in-plane thermal conductivity is increased to 600W / mK; S3. Interface optimization: The surface is coated with a silicone layer to improve wettability and compression gap filling ability, and the interface thermal resistance is reduced to 0.03Kcm 2 / W.

[0013] Furthermore, the glass fiber buffer layer is made by the following steps: S1, raw material processing: selecting alkali-free glass fiber, containing alkali metal oxide R 2 O<0.8%, ensuring water resistance; S2. Raw material cleaning: The waste glass is washed twice with water to remove the sand, and the oil stains are treated with 4% caustic soda solution; S3, Wire drawing and surface treatment: Using pool kiln wire drawing technology, the molten glass is drawn through a platinum / rhodium alloy nozzle, and the single wire diameter is 3-80μm; S4, surface sizing: coating silane coupling agent and film-forming agent to enhance the interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix; S5. Weaving and compounding: bulked yarn glass fiber and G75 electronic yarn are woven into base fabric, with warp density of 46 strands / inch and weft density of 38 strands / inch, optimized compression modulus gradient of 5-20 MPa, laminated with high temperature resistant rubber, and thickness ratio controlled as (0.5-1): (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.4).

[0014] Furthermore, the relationship between the radius of curvature R of the contact surface of the deicing portion and the diameter D of the cable conductor to be deiced is: R=0.6D±0.05D.

[0015] The principle of using aluminum nitride / boron nitride and graphene as thermal conductive materials in the present invention is as follows: Aluminum nitride (AlN) is an inorganic material with excellent thermal conductivity, and its high thermal conductivity principle mainly involves the following aspects: Crystal structure: Aluminum nitride has a hexagonal crystal system (Wurtzite structure) or a cubic crystal system (Cubic structure), and its crystal structure is highly symmetrical and dense, and relatively few defects make the propagation of phonons inside the material less hindered.

[0016] Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride is usually around 150-200W / (mK), which is much higher than most non-metallic ceramic materials.

[0017] Phonon thermal conductivity mechanism: First, phonon propagation: In aluminum nitride, heat is mainly transferred through phonons (quanta of atomic vibrations). Due to its compact crystal structure, phonon propagation in aluminum nitride is relatively efficient. Second, phonon scattering: The crystal structure of aluminum nitride makes the phonon scattering rate low, thereby improving thermal conductivity. The lack of defects, impurities or grain boundaries in the material helps to maintain the high thermal conductivity of phonons.

[0018] Isotropy and anisotropy of aluminum nitride: The relatively isotropic thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride makes its heat transfer ability in different directions basically the same.

[0019] The thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride is usually between 150-200W / (mK), and high-quality aluminum nitride materials can even reach 200W / (mK) or higher.

[0020] Boron nitride (BN) has excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. The principle of its high thermal conductivity mainly involves the following aspects: Thermal conductivity - thermal conductivity: Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN): The thermal conductivity is usually between 200-600W / (mK), depending on the purity and crystal structure of the material. The thermal conductivity of single crystal hexagonal boron nitride is relatively high, which may reach close to 600W / (mK); Cubic boron nitride (c-BN): The thermal conductivity of cubic boron nitride is also relatively high, usually above 600W / (mK).

[0021] Thermal conductivity mechanism: The thermal conductivity of boron nitride is mainly due to its layered structure and good phonon conduction properties. In high temperature environments, the thermal conductivity of boron nitride remains good and is suitable for high temperature applications.

[0022] Boron nitride is widely used in electronic materials, coatings, lubricants, high-temperature equipment, composite materials and other fields.

[0023] The high thermal conductivity of graphene mainly includes its unique material structure, phonon conduction mechanism and electron conduction mechanism: Single atomic layer structure: Graphene is a two-dimensional honeycomb structure formed by a single layer of carbon atoms through sp² hybrid bonds. This structure gives graphene extremely high mechanical strength and excellent thermal conductivity.

[0024] High thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of graphene is very high, with a theoretical value of about 5000W / (mK) for a single layer, which is higher than most metal materials. This is due to its perfect crystal structure and very few defects, which leads to very little phonon scattering, thus achieving efficient heat conduction.

[0025] Phonon conduction mechanism: First, phonon propagation: In graphene, heat is mainly transferred through phonons (quanta of lattice vibration). The high phonon velocity of graphene, coupled with its strong interaction, enables phonons to propagate quickly in the material. Second, low scattering rate: Due to the perfect crystal structure of graphene, the probability of phonon scattering is extremely low, thereby reducing energy loss during heat transfer.

[0026] Electronic thermal conductivity: As an excellent conductive material, graphene has a large number of free electrons and high mobility. To a certain extent, electrons can also participate in the propagation of heat, further improving its thermal conductivity.

[0027] Interface thermal conductivity: In practical applications, graphene often contacts other materials. The interface thermal conductivity of graphene and other materials also affects its overall thermal performance. High-quality connections and thin-layer structures can optimize this effect.

[0028] The thermal conductivity of graphene is very high, usually measured between 2000-5000W / (mK), and the specific value depends on factors such as the quality of the graphene, the number of layers, and the test conditions. In practical applications, the thermal conductivity of a single layer of graphene can reach the high end of its theoretical value, which is about 4000W / (mK).

[0029] Compared with copper (about 390W / (mK)) and aluminum (about 235W / (mK)), graphene's thermal conductivity shows significant advantages; graphene's thermal conductivity is related to the number of layers, single-layer graphene has the highest thermal conductivity, and as the number of graphene layers increases, the thermal conductivity will decrease; defects, oxides or other impurities in graphene will significantly reduce its thermal conductivity; graphene's thermal conductivity is also affected by temperature, and at different temperatures, graphene's thermal conductivity may change.

[0030] Aluminum nitride is also an excellent electrical insulating material.

[0031] Dielectric constant (relative dielectric constant): The dielectric constant of aluminum nitride is generally between 8.5-9.5.

[0032] Breakdown voltage: The breakdown voltage of aluminum nitride is usually around 15-20KV / mm, and the specific value will vary slightly depending on the thickness of the sample and the preparation process.

[0033] Volume resistivity: The volume resistivity of aluminum nitride is usually 10 12 cm, which makes it have good insulation performance in high voltage applications.

[0034] Dielectric loss: Aluminum nitride has low dielectric loss in high frequency applications, typically less than 0.05 (at 1MHz).

[0035] Aluminum nitride is widely used in semiconductor packaging, electronic heat sinks, LED lighting, high-frequency circuits and other fields due to its excellent thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. In practical applications, the specific insulation properties may be affected by material purity and process.

[0036] Boron nitride (BN) has a variety of structural forms, such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), cubic boron nitride (c-BN), curved structure and layered structure. Overall, boron nitride exhibits excellent insulating properties.

[0037] Electrical insulation: Excellent electrical insulation performance: Boron nitride is an excellent electrical insulation material with high electrical insulation strength, usually above 5-10KV / mm. This enables it to work effectively in high voltage environments.

[0038] Low Electrical Conductivity: Boron nitride has very low electrical conductivity, making it an effective insulator.

[0039] Dielectric constant: Low dielectric constant. The dielectric constant of boron nitride is usually between 4 and 6. The relatively low dielectric constant makes it perform well in high-frequency applications and can reduce the capacitance effect.

[0040] Loss characteristics, low dielectric loss: The dielectric loss factor of boron nitride is usually between 0.001-0.005, which means that the energy loss in high-frequency applications is small and it is suitable for high-frequency electronic devices.

[0041] Dielectric Strength: High Dielectric Strength. Boron nitride maintains a high dielectric strength, which makes it popular in electrical insulation and electrical component production.

[0042] Boron nitride's insulating properties make it widely used in many fields, including electronic devices, as an electrical insulation material for circuit boards, amplifiers and high-frequency devices; thermocouples and heating elements, electrical insulation materials at high temperatures to ensure component performance and safety; coating materials, used to improve the wear resistance and insulation of material surfaces.

[0043] The energy supply module of the present invention adopts a magnetoelectric module. Since the magnetic field strength of the equipment in the station varies greatly depending on the voltage level and distance, a magnetic field energy extraction design based on a permanent magnet array (surface field strength 0.35T) and an eccentric wheel connecting rod mechanism is added.

[0044] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. It improves the deicing efficiency by 3-4 times compared with the traditional deicing method; 2. Boron nitride / aluminum nitride and graphene are used as high thermal conductivity insulation materials, and the energy density reaches 3.8J / mm 3 , compared with the direct current ice melting method, it is reduced by 73%, with good energy-saving benefits; 3. The method of magnetic generation of electricity and electricity to heat is adopted to realize self-charging and energy replenishment while de-icing, extend the single operation time, and improve the operation efficiency; 4. The present invention can be applied to 800KV voltage, the ice peeling threshold is 0.15-0.2mpa, and the altitude attenuation coefficient is 2.7% per kilometer. All parameters are better than traditional de-icing devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an insulating rod body of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the energy supply module of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA view; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a deicing unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deicing unit according to a third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principles of the energy supply module and the control module of the present invention; Figure 8It is a circuit connection diagram of the energy supply module and the control module of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a DSC curve diagram of the aluminum nitride ceramic flexible material epoxy resin composite material of the present invention; Fig.10 is a thermal performance test curve diagram of the composite material of the present invention; Fig.11 It is the magnetic induction current curve diagram of the present invention; In the figure: 100, energy supply module; 101, copper coil; 102, copper ring; 103, eccentric wheel; 104, support rod; 105, battery pack; 200, insulating rod body; 201, insulating layer; 202, buffer layer; 203, heat conduction part; 300, deicing part; 301, connecting part; 302, contact part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1-4 The present embodiment is an adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity materials, including an insulating rod body, one end of the insulating rod body is provided with a replaceable deicing part, and the other end is provided with an energy supply module and a control module, the control module is electrically connected to the energy supply module to store or release the electrical energy converted from magnetic energy, a heat conducting part is provided in the rod body, one end of the heat conducting part is connected to the deicing part, and the other end is connected to the energy supply module, the energy supply module is used to supply power and generate heat energy to transfer heat to the heat conducting part, the heat conducting part is used to transfer heat to the deicing part, the heat conducting part is made of boron nitride or aluminum nitride material, the deicing part includes a connecting part and a contact part, the connecting part is used to connect to the heat conducting part, and the shape of the contact part matches the electrical component to be deiced.

[0047] Furthermore, the surface of the contact portion is coated with a layer of graphene material.

[0048] Furthermore, the energy supply module includes a magnetoelectric module and an electric heating module, and the magnetoelectric module includes a follower connecting rod, an eccentric wheel, a copper coil, a copper ring, a permanent magnet and a battery pack. The eccentric wheel is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft coincides with the center line of the heat conducting part. The rotating shaft is connected to a support rod, and the copper coil is provided at the end of the support rod. The copper coil is rectangular, and two copper rings are provided and are respectively connected to the bottom ends of both sides of the copper coil, and the two copper rings are staggered and arranged at intervals. A plurality of permanent magnets are provided and a Halbach array is arranged on the outside of the copper coil.

[0049] The battery pack described in this embodiment uses a 12V lithium iron phosphate battery with a capacity of 3000mAh.

[0050] Furthermore, the control module includes a PE heating film, a capacitor group, a signal indicator, a PID control module and a switch. When the energy supply module generates electric energy, the current passes through the copper ring to the capacitor group for energy storage and then is boosted by the PID control module to supply the battery group and the PE heating film. The PE heating film is connected to the heat conductive part.

[0051] Furthermore, the insulating rod body includes an outer epoxy resin insulating layer and an inner glass fiber buffer layer, and the heat conducting part is arranged on the inner side of the glass fiber buffer layer.

[0052] Furthermore, a threaded positioning hole is provided at the tail end of the insulating rod body, and the threaded positioning hole is used to connect to a drone or a robot.

[0053] Furthermore, a switch control button is provided at the tail end of the insulating rod body, and the switch control button is electrically connected to the control module. The switch control button includes a master control button, a heating button and a normally open temperature control button.

[0054] Furthermore, the heat conducting part is manufactured by the following steps: S1, powder synthesis: hexagonal boron nitride is synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and the grain boundary density is controlled to be ≤5 / μm 2 To reduce phonon scattering; S2. Forming and sintering: hot pressing sintering: temperature 1800-2200℃, pressure 20-50mpa, adding alumina as a sintering aid, density ≥98%, anisotropy control: through directional pressing, the in-plane thermal conductivity is increased to 600W / mK; S3. Interface optimization: The surface is coated with a silicone layer to improve wettability and compression gap filling ability, and the interface thermal resistance is reduced to 0.03Kcm 2 / W.

[0055] Furthermore, the glass fiber buffer layer is made by the following steps: S1, raw material processing: selecting alkali-free glass fiber, containing alkali metal oxide R 2 O<0.8%, ensuring water resistance; S2. Raw material cleaning: The waste glass is washed twice with water to remove the sand, and the oil stains are treated with 4% caustic soda solution; S3, Wire drawing and surface treatment: Using pool kiln wire drawing technology, the molten glass is drawn through a platinum / rhodium alloy nozzle, and the single wire diameter is 3-80μm; S4, surface sizing: coating silane coupling agent and film-forming agent to enhance the interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix; S5. Weaving and compounding: bulked yarn glass fiber and G75 electronic yarn are woven into base fabric, with warp density of 46 strands / inch and weft density of 38 strands / inch, optimized compression modulus gradient of 5-20 MPa, laminated with high temperature resistant rubber, and thickness ratio controlled as (0.5-1): (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.4).

[0056] The contact portion of the deicing part described in this embodiment is semi-arc-shaped and is provided with an opening, and is mainly used for deicing insulators.

[0057] See also Figure 7 The working principle of the energy supply module and the control module of the present invention during deicing operation is as follows: the combination of the eccentric wheel and the follower connecting rod constitutes a follower device. The entire device needs to move during deicing operation. During the movement, the follower connecting rod converts the arbitrary plane movement of the entire device into rotational inertia to drive the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the copper coil to rotate and cut the magnetic flux lines, so that the copper ring generates a random alternating magnetic flux current. The random alternating magnetic flux current passes through the AC power supply PID control end to form a stable AC power, which is temporarily stored in the energy storage filter resistor and converted into a stable DC power by the 12V DC power supply voltage regulation module. At the same time, the energy of the energy storage filter resistor can be used to charge the battery power supply; the stable battery power directly participates in the energy supply after passing through the 12V DC power supply voltage regulation module. When the integrated chip is powered, the temperature sensor transmits the temperature information to the integrated chip through the operational amplifier circuit, and the integrated chip displays the temperature information on the digital display screen through the data transmission end. At the same time, the integrated chip starts the main control end (with a heating module) to adjust the temperature according to the temperature data. The integrated chip itself is controlled by the key end, and the key end controls the on-off of the entire circuit and the master control heating.

[0058] The PID control principle, energy storage filter capacitor group and inverter group are used to convert the random dynamic magnetic induction current into a stable direct current and temporarily store it. Both the magnetic induction power and the battery power can provide energy for the control unit. The circuit connection diagram of this embodiment is shown in Figure 8 In the figure, K1 is the master control button, K2 is the heating button, and K3 is the normally open temperature control button. There are two working conditions: when K1 is turned on and K2 is closed, the magnetic induction energy is regulated to charge the battery; when K1 and K2 are turned on, the magnetic induction energy and the battery energy supply energy to the PE heating film according to the digital temperature control indication.

[0059] The electrothermal conversion module of this embodiment: Boron nitride wrapped copper heat grid (power density 3.5W / cm 2 ) Combined with PID control algorithm, the technology maturity reaches TRL7. Magnetic field energy calculation (Maxwell equations, adapted to 110-800KV AC field), the output power can be calculated according to the following formula: This embodiment is divided into four stages when performing deicing work: the first stage is divided into magnetic energy supply and battery energy supply. In the magnetic energy supply state, when the dual-mode heat source moves, the follower connecting rod drives the eccentric circle to rotate, so that the coil rotates in the magnetic field to generate current. The current passes through the double-ring base to the capacitor bank in the annular circuit board for energy storage, and then is boosted to 12V by the PID control module and supplied to the battery and PE heating film. In the battery energy supply state, the battery is boosted to 36V by the PID control module in the circuit board and then supplied to the PE heating film; in the second stage, heat energy is conducted. After the PE heating film is heated, it is heat-conducted by the boron nitride cylinder and quickly transfers the heat to the heat-conducting part; in the third stage, the heat in the heat-conducting part is quickly and stably transferred, and the heat provided by the dual-mode heat source is quickly transferred in the boron nitride heat-conducting core. At the same time, the low thermal conductivity of the buffer layer and the insulating layer provides a heat-insulating effect to ensure that the heat is transferred to the deicing part; in the fourth stage, the heat transferred through the heat-conducting part contacts the graphene attachment layer, quickly heats the inner surface of the deicing part, forms a stable deicing condition, and stably deices the insulating porcelain bottle in contact with it.

[0060] Embodiment 2 See also Figure 5 The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that this embodiment is mainly used for deicing cables and conductors, and the contact portion of the deicing portion is generally a rectangular body with a groove at the top of the rectangular body, and the groove surface is the contact surface with the cable conductor.

[0061] Furthermore, the relationship between the radius of curvature R of the contact surface of the deicing portion and the diameter D of the cable conductor to be deiced is: R=0.6D±0.05D.

[0062] Embodiment 3 See also Figure 6 The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the contact portion of the deicing portion is shaped like a blade, wide in the middle and thin on both sides. This embodiment can be used as a comprehensive method and is applicable to deicing of most power facilities.

[0063] See also Fig. 9 , is the DSC curve of the aluminum nitride ceramic / flexible material / epoxy resin composite material of the present invention, the abscissa is the temperature of the composite material, the ordinate is the heat flow, and the phase change temperature and latent heat of the composite material are calculated. As can be seen from the figure, the phase change peak is the phase change peak of the solid liquid crystal melting process of the composite material. The melting temperature of the composite material is 54.8℃, and the latent heat of phase change is 178J / g, which basically retains the heat storage performance of the flexible material / epoxy resin, indicating that the composite material has excellent thermal performance.

[0064] See also Fig.10, is a thermal performance test curve of aluminum nitride ceramic / flexible material / epoxy resin composite phase change material. The sample prepared by low temperature drying method has a large phase change latent heat and a complex hierarchical porous structure. It can form a hierarchical heat transfer network structure inside to achieve efficient heat transfer and significantly improve its thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the composite material at room temperature is 475W / mK, which is 2375 times that of epoxy resin. The interlayer thermal resistance of the composite material can be calculated by referring to the following formula: In the formula, .

[0065] The present invention creatively adopts composite materials (aluminum nitride / boron nitride, flexible materials, graphene, epoxy resin) as high thermal conductivity carriers combined with the principle of magneto-electro-thermal conversion, and makes corresponding tools to achieve rapid ice melting of power equipment; by changing the proportion of composite materials and the shape of ice melting contact, the rapid ice melting requirements of power equipment in different scenarios such as power outage, live, insulating porcelain bottles, ground wires, and high altitude are met; by directional optimization of thermal conductivity and contact surface stress matching, an energy density of 3.8 J / mm is achieved. 3 ; Achieve technical breakthroughs in indicators such as rapid de-icing of power equipment in terms of de-icing success probability, de-icing efficiency, low equipment damage rate, and multiple de-icing application scenarios.

[0066] The insulating rod of the present invention is set as a gradient structure of insulating layer-buffer layer-heat conducting layer-contact layer, which reduces the interface thermal resistance from 0.18Kcm 2 / W down to 0.025Kcm 2 / / W (down 86%), heat flux increased to 5.8Kcm 2 / / W (traditional solution 1.3Kcm 2 / / W).

[0067] Based on the PID control strategy, the heating power is dynamically adjusted to stabilize the ice peeling threshold at 0.15-0.2Mpa (traditional mechanical deicing 0.8-1.2Mpa), and the equipment surface damage rate is ≤0.05%.

[0068] By adjusting the number of coil turns (N=150-250) and the contact surface curvature (R=0.6D±0.05D), the system can adapt to 110-800KV ultra-high voltage lines, breaking through the 220KV upper limit of traditional technology.

[0069] In the 110-800KV power frequency magnetic field (50-180μT), the magnetic energy is captured by the Halbach array, with an output power of 6-28W, meeting the needs of live working.

Claims

1. An adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity materials, characterized by: It includes an insulating rod body, one end of the insulating rod body is provided with a replaceable deicing part, and the other end is provided with a power supply module and a control module, the control module is electrically connected to the power supply module to store or release the electrical energy converted from magnetic energy, a heat conducting part is provided in the rod body, one end of the heat conducting part is connected to the deicing part, and the other end is connected to the power supply module, the power supply module is used to supply power and generate heat energy to transfer heat to the heat conducting part, the heat conducting part is used to transfer heat to the deicing part, the heat conducting part is made of boron nitride or aluminum nitride material, the deicing part includes a connecting part and a contact part, the connecting part is used to be connected to the heat conducting part, and the shape of the contact part matches the electrical component to be deiced.

2. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: The surface of the contact portion is coated with a layer of graphene material.

3. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: The energy supply module includes a magnetoelectric module and an electric heating module. The magnetoelectric module includes a follower connecting rod, an eccentric wheel, a copper coil, a copper ring, a permanent magnet and a battery pack. The eccentric wheel is provided with a rotating shaft, which coincides with the center line of the heat conducting part. The rotating shaft is connected to a support rod. The copper coil is provided at the end of the support rod. The copper coil is rectangular. Two copper rings are provided and are respectively connected to the bottom ends of both sides of the copper coil. The two copper rings are staggered and spaced apart. A plurality of permanent magnets are provided and a Halbach array is arranged on the outside of the copper coil.

4. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 3 is characterized by: The control module includes a PE heating film, a capacitor group, a signal indicator, a PID control module and a switch. When the energy supply module generates electric energy, the current passes through the copper ring to the capacitor group for energy storage and then is boosted by the PID control module to supply the battery group and the PE heating film. The PE heating film is connected to the heat conduction part.

5. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: The insulating rod body comprises an outer epoxy resin insulating layer and an inner glass fiber buffer layer, and the heat conducting part is arranged on the inner side of the glass fiber buffer layer.

6. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: A threaded positioning hole is provided at the tail end of the insulating rod body, and the threaded positioning hole is used to connect to a drone or a robot.

7. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: A switch control button is provided at the tail end of the insulating rod body, and the switch control button is electrically connected to the control module. The switch control button includes a master control button, a heating button and a normally open temperature control button.

8. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: The heat conducting part is manufactured by the following steps: S1. Powder synthesis: Hexagonal boron nitride is synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and the grain boundary density is controlled to be ≤5 / μm 2 To reduce phonon scattering; S2. Forming and sintering: hot pressing sintering: temperature 1800-2200℃, pressure 20-50mpa, adding alumina as a sintering aid, density ≥98%, anisotropy control: through directional pressing, the in-plane thermal conductivity is increased to 600W / mK; S3. Interface optimization: The surface is coated with a silicone layer to improve wettability and compression gap filling ability, and the interface thermal resistance is reduced to 0.03Kcm 2 / W.

9. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 5 is characterized by: The glass fiber buffer layer is made by the following steps: S1, raw material processing: alkali-free glass fiber is selected, and the alkali metal oxide R2O content is less than 0.8% to ensure water resistance; S2. Raw material cleaning: The waste glass is washed twice with water to remove the sand, and the oil stains are treated with 4% caustic soda solution; S3, Wire drawing and surface treatment: Using pool kiln wire drawing technology, the molten glass is drawn through a platinum / rhodium alloy nozzle, and the single wire diameter is 3-80μm; S4, surface sizing: coating silane coupling agent and film-forming agent to enhance the interface bonding between fiber and matrix; S5. Weaving and compounding: bulked yarn glass fiber and G75 electronic yarn are woven into base fabric, with warp density of 46 strands / inch and weft density of 38 strands / inch, optimized compression modulus gradient of 5-20 MPa, laminated with high temperature resistant rubber, and thickness ratio controlled as (0.5-1): (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.4).

10. The adaptive deicing device based on dual-mode energy supply and high thermal conductivity material according to claim 1 is characterized by: The relationship between the curvature radius R of the contact surface of the deicing portion and the diameter D of the cable conductor to be deiced is: R=0.6D±0.05D.

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