Asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting operation controller

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and relates to an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor starting operation controller. The direct-current bus control circuit, the power frequency switching control circuit, the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit, the switching power supply circuit, the rectifying circuit, the IGBT single-tube driving circuit, the current sampling circuit, the direct-current bus voltage acquisition circuit and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit are all electrically connected with the closed-loop stepping controller; the closed-loop stepping controller is used for receiving external instructions and controlling the operation of a motor according to the instructions, and the direct current bus control circuit is connected with the rectifying circuit and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit to ensure that direct current can be stably transmitted to the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit. Efficient starting and smooth transition can be achieved, electric energy management can be optimized, the reliability of autonomous power supply can be improved, comprehensive monitoring and protection can be carried out, and the performance and reliability of a motor control system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and more specifically to a starting and running controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor. Background Art

[0002] The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up controller refers to a controller that starts the motor through a frequency converter and switches to the industrial frequency power supply to continue running after the motor reaches a stable running state. This technology is widely used in the field of motor control, but in the existing technology, there are still some defects in its start-up, smooth transition and power management.

[0003] In the prior art, in terms of starting and smooth transition, during the variable frequency starting process, the motor can be smoothly started by the frequency converter to avoid the impact of large current on the motor and the power grid, but when switching from the variable frequency state to the power frequency state, current and voltage fluctuations will occur, affecting the smooth transition of the motor. Such fluctuations may cause vibration, noise and other problems in the motor, and may even damage the motor in severe cases.

[0004] In terms of power management, the inverter will generate harmonic voltage and current during operation, causing the motor to operate under non-sinusoidal voltage and current. This will not only increase the stator copper loss, rotor copper loss, iron loss and additional losses of the motor, causing additional heat and reduced efficiency of the motor, but also pollute the power grid and affect the quality of power. At the same time, due to the presence of harmonics, it may also cause electromagnetic interference and noise problems, which will have adverse effects on surrounding equipment.

[0005] In addition, the inverter itself also consumes a certain amount of power, and under low load or no-load conditions, the efficiency of the inverter may decrease, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, in terms of power management, the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up and operation controllers still need to be further optimized and improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller, comprising:

[0007] A closed-loop stepper controller, a DC bus control circuit, a power frequency switching control circuit, a bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit, a switching power supply circuit, a rectifier circuit, an IGBT single-tube drive circuit, a current sampling circuit, a DC bus voltage acquisition circuit and an IGBT single-tube inverter circuit, all of which are electrically connected to the closed-loop stepper controller. The closed-loop stepper controller is used to receive external instructions and control the operation of the motor according to these instructions. The DC bus control circuit is connected to the rectifier circuit and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit to ensure that DC power is stably transmitted to the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit. The power frequency switching control circuit is used to After the motor reaches the rated speed, it switches from the variable frequency state to the industrial frequency state, the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides power for the IGBT single-tube drive circuit, the switching power supply circuit provides DC power for the controller, the rectifier circuit is used to convert the industrial frequency AC power into DC power, the IGBT single-tube drive circuit is used to control the opening and closing of the IGBT, the current sampling circuit is used to monitor the current of the motor in real time, the DC bus voltage acquisition circuit is used to monitor the voltage of the DC bus, and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit is used to convert the DC power into an AC power of the required frequency to drive the motor.

[0008] Preferably, the DC bus control circuit includes: pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1 is connected to one end of the resistor R48, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R49 and the base of the transistor Q0, the emitter of the transistor Q0 is connected to the other end of the resistor R49, the collector of the transistor Q0 is respectively connected to pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1, pin 5 of the power relay K2, and the positive electrode of the switching diode chip D11, and pin 1 of the power relay K2 is connected to the negative electrode of the switching diode chip D11.

[0009] Preferably, the industrial frequency switching control circuit includes: pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2 is connected to one end of the resistor R19, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R20 and the base of the transistor Q20, the emitter of the transistor Q20 is connected to the other end of the resistor R20, the collector of the transistor Q20 is respectively connected to pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2, pin 2 of the power relay K3, the positive electrode of the switching diode chip D22, the positive electrode of the switching diode chip D21, pin 2 of the power relay K2, and pin 2 of the power relay K1, and the cathode of the switching diode chip D22 is connected to the cathode of the switching diode chip D21.

[0010] Preferably, the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit includes: one end of resistor R200 is connected to the positive electrode of diode D36, the negative electrode of diode D36 is respectively connected to one end of capacitor C200 and the positive electrode of capacitor C201, and the other end of capacitor C200 is connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C201.

[0011] Preferably, the switching power supply circuit includes: pin 1 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R22 and one end of the resistor R26, pin 2 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R22 and the other end of the resistor R26, pin 3 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC3, and one end of the resistor R6, pin 4 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and pin 4 of the photocoupler chip PC1, and pin 5 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to pin 6 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, pin 7 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, pin 8 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, the positive electrode of the diode D2, and the pin 2 of the transformer T1. 3, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2B, the other end of the resistor R2B is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R13, one end of the resistor R15, and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the capacitor C2, and the pin 1 of the transformer T1, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D31, the anode of the diode D31 is respectively connected to the pin 5 of the transformer T1 and the anode of the diode D31A, the cathode of the diode D31A is connected to one end of the resistor R6A, the other end of the resistor R6A is respectively connected to the anode of the capacitor EC8 and one end of the capacitor C9, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C9 and the pin 4 of the transformer T1, Pin 2 of the photocoupler chip PC1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5, one end of the capacitor C4, the cathode of the diode ZD1, one end of the resistor R16, one end of the resistor R29, and one end of the resistor R21. The anode of the diode ZD1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R16 and is grounded. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R29. The other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to pin 1 of the photocoupler chip PC1 and one end of the resistor R11. The other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C45, the cathode of the diode D7, the anode of the capacitor EC6, the anode of the capacitor EC20, one end of the capacitor C12, and one end of the resistor R12. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the resistor R21. The positive electrode of the tube D7 is connected to the pin 6 of the transformer T1, the pin 7 of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C45, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC6, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC20, and the other end of the capacitor C12 and is grounded, the pin 8 of the transformer T1 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D6, the positive electrode of the diode D6 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C41, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC5, and one end of the resistor R3A, the other end of the capacitor C41 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor EC5, the other end of the resistor R3A, the pin 9 of the transformer T1, one end of the capacitor C10, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC4, and one end of the resistor R2A, the other end of the capacitor C10 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the diode D5, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC4, and the other end of the resistor R2A,The anode of diode D5 is connected to pin 10 of transformer T1.

[0012] Preferably, the rectifier circuit includes: pin 1 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is connected to one end of the thermistor RT1, the other end of the thermistor RT1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the positive electrode of the capacitor EC1, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor EC1, one end of the resistor R3, and the positive electrode of the capacitor EC2, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor EC2 and one end of the fuse FU2, the other end of the fuse FU2 is connected to one end of the fuse FU1, the other end of the fuse FU1 is connected to pin 5 of the rectifier diode chip DB2, pin 2 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor XC3 and one end of the capacitor XC5, pin 3 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor XC3 and one end of the capacitor XC4, and pin 4 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor XC5 and the other end of the capacitor XC4.

[0013] Preferably, the IGBT single-tube drive circuit includes: pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R70 and pin 3 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4, pin 3 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R71 and pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4, pin 4 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C206, and the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to the pin 1 of the resistor R71 and pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4. Pin 5 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to one end of the resistor R89, pin 6 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C206, pin 4 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the resistor R90A, pin 5 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the resistor R90, pin 6 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C208A, and the other end of the resistor R90 is connected to the other end of the resistor R90A.

[0014] Preferably, the current sampling circuit includes: pin 1 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C82, one end of the capacitor C81, the cathode of the diode ZD5, and one end of the resistor R81; pin 2 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R82 and one end of the capacitor C80; pin 3 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C80 and one end of the resistor R83; pin 4 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C82, the other end of the capacitor C81, the anode of the diode ZD1, the cathode of the capacitor EC10, one end of the resistor R01, and one end of the resistor R83; The other end of 83 is connected to one end of capacitor C80, the other end of resistor R01 is connected to the other end of resistor R82, the positive electrode of capacitor EC10 is respectively connected to the other end of resistor R81 and one end of resistor R97, the other end of resistor R97 is connected to the negative electrode of diode D80, pin 5 of modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of capacitor C85 and one end of capacitor C86 and grounded, pin 6 of modulator chip PC8 is connected to the other end of capacitor C86, pin 8 of modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of capacitor C83 and one end of capacitor C84, the other end of capacitor C83 is connected to the other end of capacitor C84 and grounded.

[0015] Preferably, the DC bus voltage acquisition circuit includes: an output terminal 1 of the operational amplifier U4A is connected to one end of a resistor R114, the other end of the resistor R114 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R115 and one end of a capacitor C106, the other end of the resistor R115 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C106, an inverting input terminal 2 of the operational amplifier U4A, one end of a switching diode D10, one end of a capacitor C103, and one end of a resistor R113, and a non-inverting input terminal 3 of the operational amplifier U4A is respectively connected to one end of a switching diode D9, one end of a resistor R116, and one end of a capacitor C106. One end of capacitor C102 is connected to one end of resistor R112, the other end of resistor R112 is respectively connected to one end of capacitor C100 and one end of resistor R111, the other end of resistor R111 is connected in series with resistor R110, resistor R109, resistor R108, resistor R107, and resistor R106 in sequence, the other end of resistor R113 is respectively connected to one end of resistor R105 and one end of capacitor C101, the other end of resistor R105 is connected in series with resistor R104, resistor R103, resistor R102, resistor R101, and resistor R100 in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit includes: the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q3 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q5, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q2, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q4 and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q6, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q4, and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q6.

[0017] The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller implemented in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Efficient start-up and smooth transition: Through the precise command reception and execution of the closed-loop stepper controller, the motor can achieve smooth variable frequency start-up, effectively reducing the starting current impact. At the same time, after reaching the predetermined speed, the power frequency switching control circuit ensures that the motor seamlessly transitions to the power frequency operation state, maintaining efficient and stable operation;

[0019] Optimize power management: The synergy between the DC bus control circuit and the rectifier circuit ensures the stable supply of DC power to the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit, optimizes power utilization efficiency, and reduces energy consumption;

[0020] Improve the reliability of independent power supply: The bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides an independent and reliable power supply for the IGBT single-tube drive circuit, which enhances the self-sufficiency of the system, reduces the dependence on external power supply, and improves the stability and safety of the overall operation;

[0021] Comprehensive monitoring and protection are possible: the built-in current sampling circuit, DC bus voltage acquisition circuit, etc. monitor the motor operating status and bus voltage in real time, providing comprehensive data support for the controller, facilitating the implementation of fault warning and protection measures, extending the service life of the equipment, and ensuring the safety and continuity of production operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the asynchronous motor and the self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of a DC bus control circuit in a start-up and operation controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of an industrial frequency switching control circuit in a starting and running controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a circuit diagram of a bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit in a starting and running controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply circuit in a starting and running controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit in a start-up and operation controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a circuit diagram of an IGBT single-tube drive circuit in a start-up and operation controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a circuit diagram of a current sampling circuit in a starting and running controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a circuit diagram of a DC bus voltage acquisition circuit in a start-up and operation controller of an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 The invention discloses a circuit diagram of an IGBT single-tube inverter circuit in a start-up and operation controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0035] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the asynchronous motor and the self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, in the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, at least a closed-loop stepping controller is included, a DC bus control circuit, a power frequency switching control circuit, a bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit, a switching power supply circuit, a rectifier circuit, an IGBT single-tube drive circuit, a current sampling circuit, a DC bus voltage acquisition circuit and an IGBT single-tube inverter circuit are electrically connected to the closed-loop stepping controller, the closed-loop stepping controller is used to receive external instructions and control the operation of the motor according to these instructions, and the DC bus control circuit is connected to the rectifier circuit and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit to ensure that the DC power is stably transmitted. The power supply circuit is used to switch from the variable frequency state to the industrial frequency state after the motor reaches the rated speed. The bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides power for the IGBT single tube drive circuit. The switching power supply circuit provides DC power for the controller. The rectifier circuit is used to convert the industrial frequency AC power into DC power. The IGBT single tube drive circuit is used to control the opening and closing of the IGBT. The current sampling circuit is used to monitor the current of the motor in real time. The DC bus voltage acquisition circuit is used to monitor the voltage of the DC bus. The IGBT single tube inverter circuit is used to convert the DC power into AC power of the required frequency to drive the motor.

[0037] The closed-loop stepper controller is the core of the controller of the present invention, which is responsible for receiving external instructions and accurately controlling the operation of the motor according to these instructions. The stepper motor can control the direction, speed and rotation angle of the stepper motor by controlling the sequence, frequency and number of electric pulses applied to the motor coil. The closed-loop stepper controller can monitor the position and speed of the motor in real time through the built-in position sensor or encoder, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the motor. This control method can significantly improve the positioning accuracy and dynamic response speed of the motor, especially in application scenarios that require high precision and fast response, the closed-loop stepper controller shows significant advantages.

[0038] In specific implementation, the closed-loop stepper controller can be, but is not limited to, M6801SPCS, etc. M6801SPCS has strong control capability and computing performance. Its main frequency is as high as 552MHz, which can enable closed-loop stepper algorithms, build a powerful computing system, and quickly respond to and process various control tasks. Through adaptive intelligent algorithms, M6801SPCS can accurately measure motor parameters, minimize position errors, and ensure high precision of motor operation.

[0039] In addition, the M6801SPCS has rich peripheral resources and interface options, and can be seamlessly compatible with various types of encoders, significantly improving the accuracy level of position control. This feature enables it to be used in traditional fields such as precise control of mechanical equipment, stable operation of automation equipment, and precision machining of CNC machine tools, as well as emerging fields such as precise diagnosis and treatment of medical equipment and micro-construction of 3D printing.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional implementations of this embodiment, this embodiment also includes an overcurrent and phase loss protection circuit. The overcurrent and phase loss protection circuit includes a thermal relay, a current transformer, a contactor, an intermediate relay, and an indicator light. The thermal relay is connected in series in the main circuit of the motor to detect the temperature of the motor. The current transformer is connected in series to the power line of the motor to monitor the current size of the motor in real time. The contactor and the intermediate relay are responsible for controlling the on and off of the circuit and performing protection actions according to the signals of the thermal relay and the current transformer. The indicator light is used to display the working status of the circuit and fault alarm.

[0041] The overcurrent protection circuit detects the motor current through the current transformer. When the current exceeds the preset threshold, the circuit triggers the protection action and cuts off the motor power supply through the contactor to prevent the motor from being damaged by overcurrent. The phase loss protection circuit determines whether there is a phase loss fault by detecting the balance state of the three-phase power supply. When any phase of the power supply is disconnected, the motor current will be unbalanced. At this time, the phase loss protection circuit will detect this abnormality and cut off the motor power supply through components such as intermediate relays to prevent the motor from being damaged when running in a phase loss state.

[0042] In addition, the overcurrent and phase loss protection circuits can also include delay elements, such as time relays, to ensure that there is no malfunction when the motor starts or is momentarily overloaded. At the same time, the on and off status of the indicator light can provide maintenance personnel with intuitive fault indications, speeding up troubleshooting and repair.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a DC bus control circuit in a start-up controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor according to the present invention. Figure 2As shown, the DC bus control circuit includes: pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1 is connected to one end of the resistor R48, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R49 and the base of the transistor Q0, the emitter of the transistor Q0 is connected to the other end of the resistor R49, the collector of the transistor Q0 is respectively connected to pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1, pin 5 of the power relay K2, and the positive electrode of the switch diode chip D11, and pin 1 of the power relay K2 is connected to the negative electrode of the switch diode chip D11.

[0044] In specific implementation, the photocoupler chip OP1 can be, but is not limited to, PC817A, etc. PC817A consists of a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor, and uses a four-pin package (DIP4). It is a photoelectric isolator that transmits electrical signals through optical signals and has the characteristics of input and output electrical isolation. This chip is widely used in switching power supplies, smart meters, industrial control, measuring instruments, office equipment, and household appliances.

[0045] The main function of PC817A is to achieve signal isolation and transmission between circuits. In the circuit, it can convert the electrical signal at the input end into an optical signal, and then the optical signal drives the phototransistor at the output end to generate a corresponding electrical signal, thereby completing the signal isolation and transmission process. Since the input and output of the optocoupler are isolated from each other, it has good electrical insulation and anti-interference capabilities, which can ensure the stability and reliability of the circuit. In addition, PC817A also has the characteristics of high current transfer ratio and wide operating temperature range, which can adapt to different application environments and needs.

[0046] The switching diode chip D11 can be, but is not limited to, BAW56LT1G and the like. BAW56LT1G belongs to the category of small signal switching diodes, has a dual common anode configuration, and is designed for high-speed switching applications. Its main parameters include a maximum reverse withstand voltage of 70V, an average rectified current of 200mA, a forward voltage drop of 1.25V (at 150mA), and a reverse recovery time of 6ns. These characteristics make BAW56LT1G suitable for a variety of application scenarios such as polarity reversal protection, ESD protection, inductive load protection, and steering logic.

[0047] In addition, BAW56LT1G adopts SOT-23 package, which has the advantages of small size, small number of pins (3 pins), convenient installation (surface mount), etc., which is very suitable for use in limited space. Its operating temperature range is wide (-55℃ to +150℃), which can meet the application requirements in a variety of harsh environments. At the same time, the chip is lead-free and meets environmental protection requirements. It is suitable for automotive, power management, safety and other fields.

[0048] After the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up operation controller of the present invention is powered on, when the bus voltage reaches the rated voltage, the DC bus control circuit works. The DC bus control circuit plays a key role in energy transmission and distribution in this embodiment. It connects the rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit to ensure that the DC power is stably and efficiently transmitted to the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit. The DC bus control circuit also has overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions, which can quickly cut off the power supply under abnormal conditions to protect the safety of the controller of this embodiment.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the power frequency switching control circuit in the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the industrial frequency switching control circuit includes: pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2 is connected to one end of the resistor R19, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R20 and the base of the transistor Q20, the emitter of the transistor Q20 is connected to the other end of the resistor R20, the collector of the transistor Q20 is respectively connected to pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2, pin 2 of the power relay K3, the positive electrode of the switch diode chip D22, the positive electrode of the switch diode chip D21, pin 2 of the power relay K2, and pin 2 of the power relay K1, and the cathode of the switch diode chip D22 is connected to the cathode of the switch diode chip D21.

[0050] In specific implementation, the photocoupler chip OP2 may be, but is not limited to, PC817A, etc. The power relay K2 may be, but is not limited to, etc.

[0051] The power frequency switching control circuit is responsible for switching the circuit from the variable frequency state to the power frequency state after the motor reaches the rated speed, that is, the motor is directly connected to the power grid for operation. This process requires precise control to ensure that the current and voltage fluctuations during the switching process are minimized, thereby protecting the motor and circuit from damage. The power frequency switching control circuit can also work in conjunction with a programmable logic controller (PLC) to automatically perform switching operations according to preset programs and conditions.

[0052] The power frequency switching control circuit works when the frequency reaches 50Hz, and the three relays (power relay K3, power relay K2 and power relay K1) are energized.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit in the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up and operation controller of the present invention. Figure 4As shown, the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit includes: one end of the resistor R200 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D36, the negative electrode of the diode D36 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C200 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C201, and the other end of the capacitor C200 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C201.

[0054] The bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit on the inverter board provides working power to the bridge drive optocoupler on the inverter board. The bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides the required power for the IGBT single tube drive circuit. In high-voltage applications, the gate drive voltage of the IGBT usually needs to be higher than the power supply voltage, and the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit makes the output voltage higher than the input voltage through the design of the internal circuit, thereby meeting the IGBT gate drive requirements. This circuit design not only improves the driving capability of the IGBT, but also enhances the stability and reliability of the system.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a switch power supply circuit in a start-up controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor according to the present invention. Figure 5As shown, the switching power supply circuit includes: pin 1 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R22 and one end of the resistor R26, pin 2 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R22 and the other end of the resistor R26, pin 3 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC3, and one end of the resistor R6, pin 4 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and pin 4 of the photocoupler chip PC1, and pin 5 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to pin 6 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, pin 7 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, pin 8 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, the positive electrode of the diode D2, and pin 3 of the transformer T1. The cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2B, the other end of the resistor R2B is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R13, one end of the resistor R15, and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the capacitor C2, and the pin 1 of the transformer T1, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D31, the anode of the diode D31 is respectively connected to the pin 5 of the transformer T1 and the anode of the diode D31A, the cathode of the diode D31A is connected to one end of the resistor R6A, the other end of the resistor R6A is respectively connected to the anode of the capacitor EC8 and one end of the capacitor C9, the cathode of the capacitor EC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C9 and the pin 4 of the transformer T1, and the Pin 2 of the optocoupler chip PC1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5, one end of the capacitor C4, the cathode of the diode ZD1, one end of the resistor R16, one end of the resistor R29, and one end of the resistor R21. The anode of the diode ZD1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R16 and is grounded. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R29. The other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to pin 1 of the optocoupler chip PC1 and one end of the resistor R11. The other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C45, the cathode of the diode D7, the anode of the capacitor EC6, the anode of the capacitor EC20, one end of the capacitor C12, and one end of the resistor R12. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the resistor R21. The positive electrode of the tube D7 is connected to the pin 6 of the transformer T1, the pin 7 of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C45, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC6, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC20, and the other end of the capacitor C12 and is grounded, the pin 8 of the transformer T1 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D6, the positive electrode of the diode D6 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C41, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC5, and one end of the resistor R3A, the other end of the capacitor C41 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor EC5, the other end of the resistor R3A, the pin 9 of the transformer T1, one end of the capacitor C10, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC4, and one end of the resistor R2A, the other end of the capacitor C10 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the diode D5, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC4, and the other end of the resistor R2A,The anode of diode D5 is connected to pin 10 of transformer T1.

[0056] During specific implementation, the AC / DC conversion chip U0 may be, but is not limited to, PN8145T or the like.

[0057] The switching power supply circuit provides the operating voltage for the controller of this embodiment. When the power is turned on, the switching power supply works to output DC5V, 15V, 24V DC voltage. The switching power supply circuit provides a stable DC power supply for the entire control system. It can convert AC input into the required DC output and has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, and small size. The stability and reliability of the switching power supply circuit are crucial to the normal operation of the entire control system.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit in a start-up controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor according to the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the rectifier circuit includes: pin 1 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is connected to one end of the thermistor RT1, the other end of the thermistor RT1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the positive electrode of the capacitor EC1, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor EC1, one end of the resistor R3, and the positive electrode of the capacitor EC2, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor EC2 and one end of the fuse FU2, the other end of the fuse FU2 is connected to one end of the fuse FU1, the other end of the fuse FU1 is connected to pin 5 of the rectifier diode chip DB2, pin 2 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor XC3 and one end of the capacitor XC5, pin 3 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor XC3 and one end of the capacitor XC4, and pin 4 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor XC5 and the other end of the capacitor XC4.

[0059] The rectifier circuit converts the input three-phase AC power into DC power. The rectifier circuit converts the industrial frequency AC power into DC power for use in subsequent circuits. It can convert the input AC voltage into a smooth DC voltage. The performance of the rectifier circuit directly affects the stability and efficiency of the subsequent circuits.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of an IGBT single-tube drive circuit in the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up controller of the present invention. Figure 7As shown, the IGBT single-tube drive circuit includes: pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R70 and pin 3 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4, pin 3 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R71 and pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4, pin 4 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C206, and the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C206. Pin 5 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to one end of the resistor R89, pin 6 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C206, pin 4 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the resistor R90A, pin 5 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the resistor R90, pin 6 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C208A, and the other end of the resistor R90 is connected to the other end of the resistor R90A.

[0061] The IGBT single-tube drive circuit controls the operation of the IGBT to convert DC power into AC power output to drive the motor. The IGBT single-tube drive circuit is responsible for controlling the on and off of the IGBT. It receives instructions from the closed-loop stepper controller and achieves fast and reliable drive of the IGBT by accurately controlling the gate voltage of the IGBT. The design of the IGBT single-tube drive circuit needs to take into account factors such as the switching speed, loss, and protection of the IGBT to ensure the stable operation of the IGBT under high voltage and high current environments.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a current sampling circuit in a start-up controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor according to the present invention. Figure 8As shown, the current sampling circuit includes: pin 1 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C82, one end of the capacitor C81, the cathode of the diode ZD5, and one end of the resistor R81; pin 2 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R82 and one end of the capacitor C80; pin 3 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C80 and one end of the resistor R83; pin 4 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C82, the other end of the capacitor C81, the anode of the diode ZD1, the cathode of the capacitor EC10, one end of the resistor R01, and one end of the resistor R83; The other end of the resistor R01 is connected to the other end of the resistor R82, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC10 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R81 and one end of the resistor R97, the other end of the resistor R97 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D80, the pin 5 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C85 and one end of the capacitor C86 and is grounded, the pin 6 of the modulator chip PC8 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C86, the pin 8 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C83 and one end of the capacitor C84, the other end of the capacitor C83 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C84 and is grounded.

[0063] The output current of the inverter board is collected and fed back to the CPU. When the current is too large, the output is cut off to protect the motor. The current sampling circuit is used to monitor the current of the motor in real time. It can convert the current of the motor into a voltage signal and send it to the closed-loop stepper controller for processing. The accuracy of the current sampling circuit directly affects the realization of the motor's overload protection, short-circuit protection and other functions. By monitoring the current in real time, the system can detect and handle abnormal situations in time, thereby protecting the motor and circuit from damage.

[0064] Fig. 9 This is a circuit diagram of a DC bus voltage acquisition circuit in a start-up controller for an asynchronous motor and a self-starting synchronous motor of the present invention. Fig. 9As shown, the DC bus voltage acquisition circuit includes: the output terminal 1 of the operational amplifier U4A is connected to one end of the resistor R114, the other end of the resistor R114 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R115 and one end of the capacitor C106, the other end of the resistor R115 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C106, the inverting input terminal 2 of the operational amplifier U4A, one end of the switching diode D10, one end of the capacitor C103, and one end of the resistor R113, the non-inverting input terminal 3 of the operational amplifier U4A is respectively connected to one end of the switching diode D9, one end of the resistor R116, and the capacitor C The other end of the resistor R113 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R105 and one end of the capacitor C101, the other end of the resistor R105 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R104, the resistor R103, the resistor R102, the resistor R101, and the resistor R100.

[0065] The DC bus voltage acquisition circuit collects the DC bus voltage at both ends of the electrolytic capacitor and then feeds it back to the CPU. The DC bus voltage acquisition circuit is used to monitor the voltage of the DC bus. It can convert the voltage of the DC bus into a voltage signal and send it to the closed-loop stepper controller for processing. The stability of the DC bus voltage directly affects the drive of the IGBT and the operating efficiency of the motor. By monitoring the DC bus voltage in real time, the system can promptly detect and handle abnormal conditions such as voltage fluctuations, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the entire circuit system.

[0066] Fig.10 This is a circuit diagram of an IGBT single-tube inverter circuit in the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up and operation controller of the present invention. Fig.10 As shown, the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit includes: the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q3 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q5, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q2, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q4 and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q6, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q4, and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q6.

[0067] The IGBT single-tube inverter circuit converts DC power into AC power output to control the rotation of the motor. The IGBT single-tube inverter circuit is the core part of the motor variable frequency starting. It converts DC power into AC power of the required frequency to drive the motor. The IGBT single-tube inverter circuit achieves precise regulation of the AC output voltage and frequency by precisely controlling the opening and closing of the IGBT. This regulation method enables the motor to maintain high efficiency and high power factor operation within a wide speed regulation range.

[0068] The working principle of this embodiment is: during the motor variable frequency starting process, the closed-loop stepper controller realizes the smooth starting of the motor by accurately controlling the output voltage and frequency of the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit according to the external instructions and the real-time state of the motor. At the same time, the current sampling circuit and the DC bus voltage acquisition circuit monitor the current and DC bus voltage of the motor in real time to ensure the safety and stability of the motor during the starting process. When the motor reaches the rated speed, the power frequency switching control circuit automatically switches the circuit from the variable frequency state to the power frequency state according to the preset program and conditions to achieve stable operation of the motor. During the whole process, the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides a stable power supply for the IGBT single-tube drive circuit, the switching power supply circuit provides a stable DC power supply for the entire control system, and the rectifier circuit converts the AC input into the required DC output. These circuits and components work together to ensure the stability and reliability of the asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor start-up and operation controller.

[0069] The present invention has the following beneficial effects through the design of the above embodiments:

[0070] Efficient start-up and smooth transition: Through the precise command reception and execution of the closed-loop stepper controller, the motor can achieve smooth variable frequency start-up, effectively reducing the starting current impact. At the same time, after reaching the predetermined speed, the power frequency switching control circuit ensures that the motor seamlessly transitions to the power frequency operation state, maintaining efficient and stable operation;

[0071] Optimize power management: The synergy between the DC bus control circuit and the rectifier circuit ensures the stable supply of DC power to the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit, optimizes power utilization efficiency, and reduces energy consumption;

[0072] Improve the reliability of independent power supply: The bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides an independent and reliable power supply for the IGBT single-tube drive circuit, which enhances the self-sufficiency of the system, reduces the dependence on external power supply, and improves the stability and safety of the overall operation;

[0073] Comprehensive monitoring and protection are possible: the built-in current sampling circuit, DC bus voltage acquisition circuit, etc. monitor the motor operating status and bus voltage in real time, providing comprehensive data support for the controller, facilitating the implementation of fault warning and protection measures, extending the service life of the equipment, and ensuring the safety and continuity of production operations.

[0074] The present invention is described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and equivalent substitutions may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, in order to adapt to specific occasions of the present invention, the present invention may be modified in many ways without departing from its scope of protection. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all embodiments falling within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. Asynchronous motor, self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller, characterized in that: include: A closed-loop stepper controller, a DC bus control circuit, a power frequency switching control circuit, a bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit, a switching power supply circuit, a rectifier circuit, an IGBT single-tube drive circuit, a current sampling circuit, a DC bus voltage acquisition circuit and an IGBT single-tube inverter circuit, all of which are electrically connected to the closed-loop stepper controller. The closed-loop stepper controller is used to receive external instructions and control the operation of the motor according to these instructions. The DC bus control circuit is connected to the rectifier circuit and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit to ensure that DC power is stably transmitted to the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit. The power frequency switching control circuit is used to After the motor reaches the rated speed, it switches from the variable frequency state to the industrial frequency state, the bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit provides power for the IGBT single-tube drive circuit, the switching power supply circuit provides DC power for the controller, the rectifier circuit is used to convert the industrial frequency AC power into DC power, the IGBT single-tube drive circuit is used to control the opening and closing of the IGBT, the current sampling circuit is used to monitor the current of the motor in real time, the DC bus voltage acquisition circuit is used to monitor the voltage of the DC bus, and the IGBT single-tube inverter circuit is used to convert the DC power into an AC power of the required frequency to drive the motor.

2. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC bus control circuit includes: pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1 is connected to one end of the resistor R48, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R49 and the base of the transistor Q0, the emitter of the transistor Q0 is connected to the other end of the resistor R49, the collector of the transistor Q0 is respectively connected to pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP1, pin 5 of the power relay K2, and the positive electrode of the switch diode chip D11, and pin 1 of the power relay K2 is connected to the negative electrode of the switch diode chip D11.

3. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial frequency switching control circuit includes: pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2 is connected to one end of the resistor R19, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R20 and the base of the transistor Q20, the emitter of the transistor Q20 is connected to the other end of the resistor R20, the collector of the transistor Q20 is respectively connected to pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler chip OP2, pin 2 of the power relay K3, the positive electrode of the switch diode chip D22, the positive electrode of the switch diode chip D21, pin 2 of the power relay K2, and pin 2 of the power relay K1, and the cathode of the switch diode chip D22 is connected to the cathode of the switch diode chip D21.

4. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge arm bootstrap power supply circuit includes: one end of the resistor R200 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D36, the negative electrode of the diode D36 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C200 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C201, and the other end of the capacitor C200 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C201.

5. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch power supply circuit includes: pin 1 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R22 and one end of the resistor R26, pin 2 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R22 and the other end of the resistor R26, pin 3 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC3, and one end of the resistor R6, pin 4 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and pin 4 of the photocoupler chip PC1, and pin 5 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0 is respectively connected to pin 6 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, pin 7 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, pin 8 of the AC / DC conversion chip U0, the positive electrode of the diode D2, and pin 3 of the transformer T1. , the cathode of diode D2 is connected to one end of resistor R2B, the other end of resistor R2B is respectively connected to one end of resistor R13, one end of resistor R15, and one end of capacitor C2, the other end of resistor R13 is respectively connected to the other end of resistor R15, the other end of capacitor C2, and pin 1 of transformer T1, the other end of resistor R6 is connected to the cathode of diode D31, the anode of diode D31 is respectively connected to pin 5 of transformer T1 and the anode of diode D31A, the cathode of diode D31A is connected to one end of resistor R6A, the other end of resistor R6A is respectively connected to the anode of capacitor EC8 and one end of capacitor C9, the cathode of capacitor EC8 is respectively connected to the other end of capacitor C9 and pin 4 of transformer T1, the photoelectric Pin 2 of the coupler chip PC1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5, one end of the capacitor C4, the cathode of the diode ZD1, one end of the resistor R16, one end of the resistor R29, and one end of the resistor R21. The anode of the diode ZD1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R16 and is grounded. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R29. The other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to pin 1 of the photocoupler chip PC1 and one end of the resistor R11. The other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C45, the cathode of the diode D7, the anode of the capacitor EC6, the anode of the capacitor EC20, one end of the capacitor C12, and one end of the resistor R12. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the resistor R21. The diode The positive electrode of D7 is connected to the pin 6 of the transformer T1, the pin 7 of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C45, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC6, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC20, and the other end of the capacitor C12 and is grounded, the pin 8 of the transformer T1 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D6, the positive electrode of the diode D6 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C41, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC5, and one end of the resistor R3A, the other end of the capacitor C41 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor EC5, the other end of the resistor R3A, the pin 9 of the transformer T1, one end of the capacitor C10, the negative electrode of the capacitor EC4, and one end of the resistor R2A, the other end of the capacitor C10 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the diode D5, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC4, and the other end of the resistor R2A,The anode of diode D5 is connected to pin 10 of transformer T1.

6. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit includes: pin 1 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is connected to one end of the thermistor RT1, the other end of the thermistor RT1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the positive electrode of the capacitor EC1, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor EC1, one end of the resistor R3, and the positive electrode of the capacitor EC2, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor EC2 and one end of the fuse FU2, the other end of the fuse FU2 is connected to one end of the fuse FU1, the other end of the fuse FU1 is connected to pin 5 of the rectifier diode chip DB2, pin 2 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor XC3 and one end of the capacitor XC5, pin 3 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor XC3 and one end of the capacitor XC4, and pin 4 of the rectifier diode chip DB2 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor XC5 and the other end of the capacitor XC4.

7. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IGBT single-tube drive circuit includes: pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R70 and pin 3 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4, pin 3 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R71 and pin 1 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4, pin 4 of the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C206, and the optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C206. Pin 5 of chip OP3 is connected to one end of resistor R89, pin 6 of optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP3 is connected to the other end of capacitor C206, pin 4 of optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of resistor R90A, pin 5 of optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of resistor R90, pin 6 of optocoupler compatible single-channel isolated gate driver chip OP4 is connected to one end of capacitor C208A, and the other end of resistor R90 is connected to the other end of resistor R90A.

8. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current sampling circuit includes: pin 1 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C82, one end of the capacitor C81, the cathode of the diode ZD5, and one end of the resistor R81; pin 2 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R82 and one end of the capacitor C80; pin 3 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C80 and one end of the resistor R83; pin 4 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C82, the other end of the capacitor C81, the anode of the diode ZD1, the cathode of the capacitor EC10, one end of the resistor R01, and one end of the resistor R83; The other end of the resistor R01 is connected to one end of the capacitor C80, the other end of the resistor R01 is connected to the other end of the resistor R82, the positive electrode of the capacitor EC10 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R81 and one end of the resistor R97, the other end of the resistor R97 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D80, the pin 5 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C85 and one end of the capacitor C86 and is grounded, the pin 6 of the modulator chip PC8 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C86, the pin 8 of the modulator chip PC8 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C83 and one end of the capacitor C84, the other end of the capacitor C83 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C84 and is grounded.

9. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC bus voltage acquisition circuit includes: an output terminal 1 of an operational amplifier U4A is connected to one end of a resistor R114, the other end of the resistor R114 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R115 and one end of a capacitor C106, the other end of the resistor R115 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C106, an inverting input terminal 2 of the operational amplifier U4A, one end of a switching diode D10, one end of a capacitor C103, and one end of the resistor R113, and a non-inverting input terminal 3 of the operational amplifier U4A is respectively connected to one end of a switching diode D9, one end of a resistor R116, and one end of a capacitor C106. The other end of the resistor R113 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R105 and one end of the capacitor C101, the other end of the resistor R105 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R104, the resistor R103, the resistor R102, the resistor R101, and the resistor R100.

10. The asynchronous motor and self-starting synchronous motor starting and running controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IGBT single-tube inverter circuit includes: the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q3 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q5, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q2, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q4 and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q6, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q4, and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q6.

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