Signal transmission, signal processing methods, devices, equipment, media and products in OFDM systems

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a signal transmission and signal processing method, apparatus, device, medium and product in an OFDM system. In this method, the transmitting end interpolates the first signal by configuring the frequency domain resource information for the signal to be transmitted, and scrambles and constellation modulates the obtained second signal, so that the transmission symbol on each target frequency domain resource on the obtained target signal includes the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol, and sends the target signal to the receiving end, ensuring that the receiving end can accurately match the frequency domain resources and provide a reliable signal basis for channel estimation. The receiving end determines the multiple target frequency domain resources of the received target signal through the scrambling code sequence, and merges the original symbol and the conjugate symbol on each target frequency domain resource, thereby performing channel estimation through the obtained original merged signal and the conjugate merged signal to obtain accurate target channel parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure mainly relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission and signal processing method, apparatus, device, medium and product in an OFDM system. Background Art

[0002] In wireless communication systems, channel estimation involves obtaining information about channel characteristics from received signals, such as amplitude response, phase response, delay, frequency selectivity, and other channel parameters. This allows the receiver to compensate for the channel's effects on the signal, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of data transmission. Therefore, channel estimation is key to achieving efficient and reliable data transmission.

[0003] Existing channel estimation methods typically use pilot signals or the structure and statistical information of received signals to estimate channel states. However, using pilot signals for channel estimation consumes a large amount of time-frequency resources, increases computing resource consumption, and reduces spectrum efficiency and signal transmission rates. Determining channel parameters based on the structure and statistical information of received signals, on the other hand, suffers from high algorithm complexity, low estimation accuracy, and excessive sensitivity to noise and interference. This makes it difficult to achieve stable, efficient, and reliable channel estimation under harsh communication conditions such as low signal-to-noise ratios and complex channel environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] It would be advantageous to provide a mechanism that alleviates, mitigates, or eliminates at least one of the problems described above.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a signal transmission method in an OFDM system, applied to a transmitting end, the method comprising:

[0006] interpolating a first signal based on frequency domain resource information configured for a signal to be transmitted to obtain a second signal; the first signal is obtained by performing channel coding on the signal to be transmitted;

[0007] The second signal is scrambled and constellation modulated to obtain a target signal, and the target signal is sent to a receiving end; the target signal includes multiple target frequency domain resources, and the transmitted symbols on each target frequency domain resource include an original symbol and a conjugate symbol of the original symbol.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a signal processing method in an OFDM system, applied to a receiving end, the method comprising:

[0009] Receive a target signal from a transmitting end; the target signal includes a plurality of target frequency domain resources, and the transmission symbol on each target frequency domain resource includes an original symbol and a conjugate symbol of the original symbol;

[0010] Based on the scrambling code sequence, determine the multiple target frequency domain resources, and respectively combine the original symbol and the conjugated symbol on each target frequency domain resource to obtain an original combined signal and a conjugated combined signal;

[0011] Channel estimation is performed based on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain target channel parameters.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a signal sending device in an OFDM system, which is applied to a transmitting end. The device includes: a device for executing any one of the signal sending methods in the first aspect.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a signal processing device in an OFDM system, applied to a transmitting end, the device comprising: a device for executing any one of the signal processing methods in the second aspect above.

[0014] In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements any one of the signal sending methods in the first aspect and / or any one of the signal processing methods in the second aspect.

[0015] In a sixth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, and the computer program instructions are used by a processor to execute any one of the signal sending methods in the first aspect and / or any one of the signal processing methods in the second aspect.

[0016] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product, comprising computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement a device for implementing any one of the signal sending methods in the first aspect and / or any one of the signal processing methods in the second aspect.

[0017] It should be understood that the invention summary is not intended to identify the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a signal sending method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a time-frequency structure of a target signal provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a target signal processing process provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 5 A flowchart of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another target signal time-frequency structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can apply the present disclosure to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise noted, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0027] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0028] References in this disclosure to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," etc., indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an exemplary embodiment, whether or not explicitly described, those skilled in the art will recognize that such feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] As shown in this disclosure, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include plural forms. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, "a group of elements" or "a collection of elements" is intended to include one or more elements. It should also be understood that the terms "comprises", "includes", "has", "has", "includes" and / or "comprising", when used herein to specify the presence of the features, elements and / or components, etc., only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements, and therefore does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or their combinations. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure. At the same time, it should be understood that for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Technologies, methods and devices known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies, methods and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0031] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0032] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, although the terms "first" and "second" can be used to describe various components in this document, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, the first element can be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element can be referred to as the first element. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms. In addition, although the terms used in this disclosure are selected from commonly known and commonly used terms, some of the terms mentioned in this disclosure may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description herein. In addition, it is required to understand this disclosure not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0033] As used herein, the term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As an example and not a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), user station (SS), portable user station, mobile station (MS) or access terminal (AT). The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet computer, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a game terminal device, a music storage and playback device, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, a notebook embedded device (LEE), a laptop mounted device (LME), a USB dongle, a smart device, a wireless user equipment (CPE), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable device, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, medical equipment and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial equipment and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in the context of an industrial and / or automated processing chain), consumer electronic devices, relay nodes, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. The mobile terminal (MT) portion of the IAB node can perform the functions of a "terminal device" and can therefore operate as a terminal device. In the following description, the terms "terminal device", "communication device", "terminal", "user equipment" and "UE" can be used interchangeably.

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, some key terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are explained here:

[0035] Channel: Refers to the medium or path used to transmit signals in a communication system, including wireless channels and wired channels. Characteristics of wireless channels include multipath, channel fading, and noise interference, which affect the amplitude and phase of the transmitted signal.

[0036] Channel estimation: Estimates the channel's characteristic parameters (such as amplitude and phase) by receiving signals to compensate for the channel's impact on signal transmission.

[0037] Channel equalization: The process of compensating the received signal using known channel characteristic parameters to restore the signal. In the disclosed embodiments, after channel estimation, channel equalization can be performed using target channel parameters such as channel amplitude and phase characteristics to eliminate the channel's amplitude attenuation and phase offset.

[0038] Channel coding: The process by which the transmitter adds redundancy to information to improve transmission reliability. For example, this may involve adding a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) or employing error correction coding.

[0039] Channel decoding: The receiving end decodes the received signal to recover the original information and detects and corrects errors based on redundant information. In the disclosed embodiment, the transmitting end may add a CRC checksum to the information to be transmitted and perform channel coding. The receiving end performs channel decoding in combination with channel estimation to ensure data integrity.

[0040] Signal-to-noise ratio: The ratio of signal power to noise power, reflecting the signal quality in the communication system.

[0041] Bit stream: A bit is the smallest unit of information in digital communication, represented by 0 or 1. A continuous data stream consisting of a series of bits is called a bit stream, which is the basic input for signal modulation and coding.

[0042] Rate matching: The process of adjusting data length to fit system resources, typically achieved through repetition, puncturing, or alignment. In the disclosed embodiment, the transmitter extends the length of the interpolated information by repeating the alignment operation multiple times to achieve rate matching and match the number of frequency domain resources.

[0043] Scrambling code sequence: A pseudo-random sequence used to scramble data to reduce signal correlation during transmission. In the disclosed embodiments, the scrambling code sequence is used for scrambling at the transmitter and descrambling at the receiver, while also helping to select target frequency domain resources and improve channel estimation performance. Scrambling involves performing logical operations on the signal and the scrambling code sequence at the transmitter to break up signal correlation. Descrambling involves using the same scrambling code sequence at the receiver to descramble the received signal and recover the original data.

[0044] Constellation point modulation: The process of mapping a digital bit stream to complex signal points (constellation points) to adapt to the transmission channel. In the disclosed embodiments, the transmitter performs constellation point modulation on the interpolated information to convert the bit stream into modulation symbols suitable for transmission.

[0045] Constellation mapping: The process of mapping a bit sequence to the corresponding signal point on the constellation diagram according to the modulation method.

[0046] Time-frequency resource mapping: The process of allocating modulated symbols to the time-frequency resources of the communication system.

[0047] Frequency domain resources: The frequency range or specific subcarrier locations available in a communication system for transmitting information. The frequency domain resource location represents the distribution of each frequency domain resource on a frequency scale. For example, in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system, frequency domain resources consist of multiple equally spaced subcarriers.

[0048] Conjugate: Negate the imaginary part of a complex number, leaving the real part unchanged. For example, the conjugate of a+jb is a−jb.

[0049] The following is a brief introduction to the design concept of the embodiment of the present disclosure:

[0050] In wireless communication systems, channel estimation involves obtaining information about channel characteristics from received signals, such as amplitude response, phase response, delay, frequency selectivity, and other channel parameters. This allows the receiver to compensate for the channel's effects on the signal, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of data transmission. Therefore, channel estimation is key to achieving efficient and reliable data transmission.

[0051] Existing channel estimation methods typically use pilot signals or the structure and statistical information of received signals to estimate channel states. Pilot-based channel estimation methods use pilot signals to synchronize processing at the transmitting and receiving ends to estimate channel characteristics. However, for communication systems with certain frequency offset errors, efficient frequency synchronization is a major challenge that needs to be addressed. Furthermore, using pilot signals in this approach consumes a significant amount of additional time-frequency resources, increasing computing resource consumption, and reducing spectrum utilization and signal transmission rates. In particular, under harsh communication conditions such as low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), more pilot overhead is required to achieve a good channel estimation result, resulting in low channel estimation efficiency. On the other hand, channel parameters are obtained by using the structure and statistical information of the received signal. For example, blind detection-based channel estimation methods primarily rely on the receiving end to obtain channel state information or equalizer coefficients from the structure and statistical information of the received signal to achieve channel estimation. This approach also suffers from high algorithmic complexity, low channel estimation accuracy, and excessive sensitivity to noise and interference. Under harsh communication conditions such as low SNRs and complex channel environments, it cannot stably achieve efficient and reliable channel estimation.

[0052] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission and signal processing method in an OFDM system. In this method, the transmitting end interpolates the first signal to obtain a second signal by configuring the frequency domain resource information for the signal to be transmitted, and scrambles and constellation modulates the second signal to obtain a target signal, so that the transmitted symbol on each target frequency domain resource on the target signal includes the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol, thereby transmitting the generated target signal to the receiving end, ensuring that the receiving end can accurately match the frequency domain resources and provide a reliable signal basis for channel estimation. The receiving end determines the multiple target frequency domain resources corresponding to the received target signal through the scrambling code sequence, and respectively merges the original symbol and the conjugate symbol on each target frequency domain resource to obtain the original merged signal and the conjugate merged signal, thereby performing channel estimation and obtaining the target channel parameters. In this way, the transmission error of the received signal can be effectively eliminated, the impact of noise on the signal can be reduced, reliable channel estimation and signal equalization can be achieved, the channel estimation accuracy and overall communication performance can be improved, and the channel estimation algorithm can be simplified, the computational complexity can be reduced, and the communication efficiency can be further improved.

[0053] The following will refer to Figure 1 The principles and implementations of the present disclosure are described in detail. The solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to most communication networks, such as the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) system or new radio (NR), or other evolved communication systems such as the next generation communication system, cellular networks, satellite communication systems, wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc., which are not listed here one by one. Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a signal receiving device 101, a signal sending device 102, and a network 103 may be included.

[0054] The signal receiving device 101 corresponds to the receiving end in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and can be a terminal device that receives the target signal and performs channel estimation, such as a mobile phone, a personal computer (PC), a tablet computer (PAD), a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a mobile Internet device (MID), a smart wearable device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a ground station or user terminal in a satellite network, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0055] The signal sending device 102, corresponding to the transmitting end in the embodiment of the present disclosure, is mainly used to generate a target signal and send it to the corresponding receiving end so that the receiving end can perform channel estimation. It can be a base station, a satellite, a wireless access point, etc. For example, the signal sending device 102 can be any base station that can provide wireless communication functions for the terminal device, including but not limited to a fifth generation mobile communication (5G) system or a new radio (NR) system base station (next Generation NodeB, gNB), a satellite base station in a satellite communication system, an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a base station in a next generation communication system.

[0056] Signal receiving device 101 and signal transmitting device 102 can be connected via a network 103. Network 103 can be a wired network or a wireless network. For example, the wireless network can be a mobile cellular network, such as a fourth-generation (4G) network, a fifth-generation (5G) network, or a new radio (NR) network, or a wireless-fidelity (WIFI) network or a satellite communication network. Of course, other possible networks are also possible, and this embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. For example, in terrestrial wireless communications, a target signal can be generated by a network device such as a base station, and a user device receives the target signal transmitted by the base station or other network device and performs channel estimation. Communications in network 103 can conform to any suitable standard, including but not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). Furthermore, communications can be performed according to any generation of communication protocols currently known or developed in the future. Examples of communication protocols include, but are not limited to, first generation (1G), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth generation (5G), and sixth generation (6G) communication protocols.

[0057] It should be noted that Figure 1 The examples shown are only for illustration. In fact, the number and communication mode of the signal receiving devices and the signal sending devices are not limited and are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] Of course, the method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the above Figure 1 The application scenarios shown in the figure can also be used in other possible application scenarios, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Figure 1 The functions that can be implemented by each device in the application scenario shown are described in the subsequent method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0059] The following describes the signal transmission and signal processing methods in the OFDM system provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure in combination with the application scenarios described above and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the above application scenarios are only shown to facilitate understanding of the spirit and principles of the present disclosure, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited in this respect.

[0060] Figure 2 The flowchart of a signal transmission method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. It should be understood that the method 200 may include additional steps not shown and / or may omit some of the steps shown, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to this. The method 200 is illustrated by taking the transmitting end as the execution subject as an example. The transmitting end may be the above Figure 1 The signal sending device shown in FIG. 1 is implemented as follows:

[0061] Step 201: Based on frequency domain resource information configured for a signal to be transmitted, interpolate a first signal to obtain a second signal.

[0062] In the disclosed embodiment, the frequency domain resource information may include the number of frequency domain resources allocated to the signal to be transmitted, which is used to determine the occupied range of the transmitted symbol in the frequency domain. The first signal is obtained by channel coding the signal to be transmitted, so as to adapt a bit stream of a certain length to the frequency domain resources, and the first signal is interpolated to align the number of symbols of the second signal with the frequency domain resources, ensuring that the repeated symbols are located on the same subcarrier. After interpolation, the number of bits of the second signal strictly matches the allocated frequency domain resources, ensuring that the modulated symbols can completely fill the specified subcarrier positions. In this way, during the transmission process, the same information bits generate symbols in the same position through the same interpolation rules, which enables the receiving end to merge symbols on the same subcarrier.

[0063] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may add a check code to the signal to be transmitted, and perform channel coding on the signal to be transmitted after the addition, so as to enhance the anti-interference capability of the signal transmission. For example, before performing channel coding on the signal to be transmitted, the present disclosure may add CRC bits to the signal to be transmitted for error detection at the receiving end, and the length of the bit stream of the signal to be transmitted after adding the CRC bits is increased. Channel coding is performed on the signal to be transmitted after adding the CRC bits, which can increase the anti-interference capability of the transmission. For example, the information length corresponding to the signal to be transmitted b is B, and the information length corresponding to the signal to be transmitted k after adding the CRC is K. The first signal n obtained after the signal to be transmitted is channel coded has a length of N.

[0064] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may perform Polar coding, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coding, or convolution coding on the signal to be transmitted. The specific coding method is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0065] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource information configured for the signal to be transmitted in the present disclosure can be determined by the number of frequency domain resources occupied by the portion of the signal to be transmitted that does not contain demodulation parameters. For example, the frequency domain resources in the OFDM system are composed of multiple subcarriers / resource blocks, which represent the smallest unit that can independently modulate and transmit data. That is, a subcarrier is a single frequency channel used to carry data in the OFDM system, and each subcarrier can be independently modulated and transmit data, and transmit data in parallel with other subcarriers within the entire spectrum. In this way, by excluding the frequency domain position occupied by the demodulation reference signal (DMRS), it can be ensured that the number of modulation symbols is equal to the number of frequency domain resources, thereby maximizing the utilization of spectrum resources.

[0066] In some embodiments, interpolation processing refers to inserting additional bits into the original coded information to extend the data length so that the number of symbols converted by the modulation of its bit stream matches the number of frequency domain resources. Adding a cyclic prefix or suffix refers to adding a portion of repeated data at the head or tail of the data block to extend the data length. In the OFDM system, the operation of adding a cyclic prefix or suffix is ​​often used to increase the redundancy of the data to improve the anti-interference capability. In this way, through interpolation processing and / or adding a cyclic prefix or suffix, the data length can be extended to match the number of frequency domain resources, so that the number of modulated symbols of the first information after constellation point modulation is consistent with the number of resources, so that the scrambling results of the same symbols in the final generated target signal are located at the same frequency domain resource position, that is, the transmitted symbols on each target frequency domain resource in the target signal include the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol.

[0067] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can determine a preset modulation ratio by using a modulation order corresponding to a preset modulation method, and the preset modulation ratio is determined by the information length of the second signal and the frequency domain resource information, thereby adding bit information to the first signal through the preset modulation ratio to obtain the second signal. In this way, the ratio between the information length of the second information and the number of frequency domain resources in the present disclosure is equal to the preset modulation ratio, so that all transmitted symbols of the target signal can be evenly distributed on the frequency domain resources, ensuring that the symbol distribution matches the number of frequency domain resources, avoiding the waste of spectrum resources, and improving spectrum utilization. In addition, this interpolation processing method can ensure the overall structural nature of the signal, which is beneficial to subsequent modulation and mapping processing.

[0068] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can add repeated data to the first signal by presetting the modulation ratio, that is, adding a cyclic prefix and suffix, thereby adding bit information to generate a second signal, so that the information length of the processed second signal is Satisfies the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] in, Represents the information length of the processed second signal, that is, the total length of the bit stream formed after interpolation or cyclic prefix and suffix processing, which is used to match the number of frequency domain resources.

[0071] The preset modulation ratio represents the number of bits carried by each modulation symbol, that is, the bit capacity of a modulation symbol. It is related to the modulation order Q of the corresponding preset modulation scheme. The modulation order Q represents the total number of constellation points in the corresponding modulation scheme and reflects the amount of information carried by a symbol.

[0072] In some embodiments, the preset modulation scheme in the present disclosure may include binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or 16-order quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM). For BPSK (Q=2), each symbol carries bits, for BPSK (Q=4), each symbol carries bits, for 16-QAM (Q=8), each symbol carries bit.

[0073] This represents the number of frequency domain resources, specifically the number of subcarriers used to carry data. This typically excludes the frequency domain location occupied by the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS). By ensuring that the number of modulation symbols is equal to the number of frequency domain resources, spectrum resources can be maximized.

[0074] In some embodiments, after obtaining the second signal, the present disclosure may further repeat the second signal N times to obtain a third signal, thereby scrambling and constellation modulating the third signal to obtain a target signal. In this way, by performing an integer number of repeated alignment operations on the second signal to achieve rate matching, and the information length ratio between the obtained third signal and the second signal is fixed, an information sequence of a specific structure can be constructed, so that the third signal has a certain regularity and redundancy in the time-frequency domain. The fixed time periodicity of the third signal can also enhance the time domain structure of the target signal, reduce the adverse effects of random noise, enhance the signal's anti-interference ability, and enable the receiving end to utilize the periodic characteristics of the target signal to identify repeated information of the target signal, simplify channel estimation and decoding operations, and improve the efficiency of channel estimation and decoding.

[0075] In some embodiments, the number of times N that the present disclosure repeats the second signal can be determined by time domain resource information configured for the signal to be transmitted.

[0076] In some embodiments, the time domain resource information may be the number of time domain symbols of the signal to be transmitted, that is, the number of repetitions N may be the number of symbols that the signal to be transmitted continues in the time domain. In some embodiments, taking the OFDM system as an example, the present disclosure may perform rate matching in the form of repeated alignment, that is, by performing an integer N repetition and alignment operation, the second signal is adjusted to generate a third signal of a target length so as to adapt it to the transmission bandwidth and resource allocation. In the OFDM system, an OFDM symbol corresponds to a specific time interval and a set of frequency domain resources, and the integer N is the number of OFDM symbols that the signal to be transmitted continues to occupy in the time domain, so that the signal length of the third signal after rate matching is , In this way, the number of repetitions is the same as the number of time-domain continuous symbols, which ensures that the target signal is fully utilized on the entire time-frequency resource, avoids the waste of time-frequency resources, and improves the efficiency of data transmission.

[0077] Step 202: Scramble and constellation modulate the second signal to obtain a target signal, and send the target signal to a receiving end.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second signal can be scrambled by a scrambling code sequence, and the scrambled second signal can be constellation modulated to obtain a symbol sequence, and the target signal can be obtained by performing time-frequency resource mapping on the symbol sequence. In this way, the scrambling code values ​​corresponding to the same transmitted symbols of the target signal in the embodiment of the present disclosure will be in the same target frequency domain resource position, so that the transmitted symbols on the target frequency domain resource all include the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol. The receiving end can use the symmetry and consistency of the transmitted symbols to more efficiently extract channel information. For example, when performing channel estimation, the symbols at the same subcarrier position can be merged to eliminate the influence of some interference and noise, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of the channel estimation.

[0079] In some embodiments, due to the effects of interpolation and repeated alignment, the information length of the scrambled second signal of the present disclosure is equal to the product of the number of frequency domain resources and the number of time domain resources of the signal to be transmitted, thereby ensuring that the transmitted symbols of the obtained symbol sequence are completely and evenly distributed across the time-frequency resources, thereby fully utilizing the frequency and time domain resources of the communication system and improving signal transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the matching of the symbol sequence with the number of frequency domain resources and the number of time domain resources can ensure that the distribution of the mapped target signal in the time-frequency domain has predictable periodicity and consistency, allowing the receiving end to utilize the signal structure for efficient signal decoding and channel estimation.

[0080] In some embodiments, the length of the symbol sequence generated by scrambling and constellation modulation in the present disclosure can be determined by frequency domain resource information and the number of repetitions N.

[0081] In some embodiments, after the second signal is repeated N times to obtain the third signal, the present disclosure may scramble the rate-matched third signal according to the scrambling code sequence s, so that the scrambled third signal is Scrambling refers to randomizing the bit stream by introducing a pseudo-random sequence into the bit stream, thereby reducing inter-symbol interference. By performing constellation point modulation on the scrambled third signal, the bit stream is converted into a symbol signal to obtain a symbol sequence. , where the function represents constellation point modulation, which can be BPSK, QPSK and other modulation methods, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not specifically limit this. As for the symbol sequence after constellation point modulation, due to the influence of the aforementioned interpolation and repeated alignment, the length of the symbol sequence can be determined by the frequency domain resource information and the number of repetitions N. For example, the information length of the symbol sequence is F, N is the number of OFDM symbols continuously occupied by the signal to be transmitted in the time domain, and F is the number of frequency domain resources.

[0082] In some embodiments, after the symbol sequence is obtained through constellation modulation, the present disclosure may perform time-frequency resource mapping on it to obtain the target signal ultimately used for transmission. Time-frequency resource mapping refers to allocating the modulated symbols to time domain resources and frequency domain resources according to specific rules, so that the symbols can be sent in the form of physical signals for the receiving end to receive and process. For example, in an OFDM system, time-frequency resource mapping is to allocate the modulated symbols to specific positions in the time-frequency resource grid to form a target signal, that is, a time-frequency resource grid containing data symbols and reference signals. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, through the aforementioned interpolation, repeated alignment and scrambling processing, it can be ensured that the information length of the symbol sequence is consistent with the size of the time-frequency resource grid, that is, the information length of the symbol sequence is the product of the number of frequency domain resources and the number of time domain symbols, thereby efficiently utilizing time-frequency resources and improving spectrum utilization.

[0083] In some embodiments, time-frequency resources refer to a two-dimensional resource grid consisting of time (e.g., OFDM symbol period in the time domain) and frequency (e.g., subcarrier or resource block / unit in the frequency domain). Time-frequency resource mapping refers to the allocation of each modulation symbol in the modulation symbol sequence to a specific position in the two-dimensional resource grid. Each unit in the time-frequency resource grid corresponds to a specific time and frequency combination and can be used to carry data symbols or reference signals. The resource can be expressed as (t,f), where t is the time domain symbol number and f is the frequency domain subcarrier number. The time-frequency resource grid includes a frequency domain dimension and a time domain dimension. The frequency domain dimension is represented by the number of subcarriers F, and each subcarrier corresponds to a frequency domain resource unit. The time domain dimension is represented by the number of continuous OFDM symbols N of the signal to be transmitted, and each OFDM symbol period corresponds to a time domain resource unit.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 3 The figure shows a mapping structure of a target signal in a time-frequency resource grid provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which ensures that the signal can be correctly identified and demodulated at the receiving end by inserting the symbol sequence and DMRS into the corresponding positions of the OFDM time-frequency resource grid. Figure 3 The grid represents the distribution of the target signal in the time domain and frequency domain, where each small square represents a time-frequency resource unit. Taking the OFDM system as an example, the horizontal axis can represent the OFDM symbol (time domain), the vertical axis represents the subcarrier (frequency domain), F represents the size of the time-frequency resource grid, that is, the number of frequency domain resources / the number of subcarriers, T represents the number of OFDM symbols, that is, the number of time domain symbols, and the total size of the time-frequency resource grid is F is consistent with the information length of the symbol sequence. The symbols in the symbol sequence are allocated to the time-frequency resource grid in sequence. Each x represents a modulation symbol on the time-frequency resource unit. These modulation symbols have been modulated by the constellation point and mapped to a specific time-frequency position. Some time-frequency resource units are reserved for inserting reference signals such as DMRS, as shown above. Figure 3The dashed grid in the figure represents the frequency domain resource location allocated to the DMRS. The reference signal can be used to help the receiver estimate channel characteristics. The time-frequency location of the reference signal is usually fixed by the protocol or system design and does not overlap with the data symbol location.

[0085] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a target signal processing process provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this process, The original information data of the signal to be transmitted has a bit stream length of B. The present disclosure adds CRC bits after the original data for error detection at the receiving end, and makes the bit stream length after adding CRC become K. Channel coding is performed on the signal to be transmitted with the CRC bits added to generate a bit stream of the signal to be transmitted. , with a length of N, which is longer than the original information stream to increase the anti-interference ability of the transmission and improve the reliability of the channel. Then, the first signal obtained after channel coding is interpolated to obtain the second signal , whose information length is M. The interpolated bit stream is repeatedly transmitted in the form of integer T times to form a bit sequence of adaptive resources, and rate matching is performed to obtain sequence information , the length is , T represents the number of OFDM symbols that the signal is transmitted in. The sequence information d after rate matching is scrambled according to the preset scrambling sequence s to randomize the bit stream and reduce inter-symbol interference. Perform constellation point modulation to distribute the symbols in the frequency domain. , the length is F is the number of frequency domain resources. Mapping this symbol sequence onto time-frequency resources generates the target signal, which is a time-frequency resource grid containing data symbols and reference signals.

[0086] In some embodiments, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a data relationship diagram of a target signal. After the above-mentioned processing of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting end may make the target signals in the time-frequency resource grid have the following relationship:

[0087]

[0088] in, It represents the time domain symbol number, that is, the number of OFDM symbols. Its value range is a positive integer from 1 to T, representing the number of OFDM symbols in the time domain.

[0089] Indicates the frequency domain subcarrier index, which ranges from 0 to F - 1 and represents the number of subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0090] Represents the modulation symbol located at the subcarrier position corresponding to the i-th time domain symbol and the j-th frequency domain on the time-frequency resource grid.

[0091] Indicates the modulation symbol The opposite number of can generate a symmetrical structure between symbols on the time-frequency resources to resist specific interference in the channel.

[0092] It represents the conjugate symbol of the modulation symbol x. The conjugate operation refers to taking the inverse of the imaginary part of the modulation symbol x, which facilitates the receiver to use the symmetry of the signal to perform channel estimation.

[0093] According to the above relationship of the target signal, the scrambling results corresponding to each identical transmitted symbol in the target signal are located at the same frequency domain resource position, so that there are multiple target frequency domain resources on the target signal, and the transmitted symbols on each target frequency domain resource include the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol. The transmitted symbols in the target signal are arranged with a certain degree of symmetry on the time-frequency resources, which helps the receiving end to use the symmetry of the symbols to achieve more accurate channel estimation under harsh channel conditions. In addition, the frequency domain resource is a physical resource used by the communication system to carry and transmit data in the frequency domain. The frequency domain resource position refers to the location or index of the specific spectrum unit in the frequency domain, which is used to identify the frequency position of data transmission. In this way, in the present disclosure, the same transmitted symbols (i.e., scrambling results) are mapped to the same position in the frequency domain resources, which can form a symmetrical and consistent signal structure for the target signal. Such a structured arrangement of transmitted symbols can reduce the randomness of the symbols, allowing the corresponding receiving end to anticipate the recurrence of the same symbols. When performing operations such as demodulation and channel estimation, complex search and matching processing is no longer required, simplifying the signal processing process, facilitating more accurate estimation of channel characteristics under complex channel conditions, and improving the accuracy and precision of channel estimation, thereby improving channel estimation and data transmission efficiency.

[0094] In some embodiments, the transmitting end may transmit the generated target signal to the receiving end through the target channel whose channel performance parameters are to be estimated, so that the receiving end can obtain the target channel parameters of the target channel by performing channel estimation on the target signal.

[0095] In some embodiments, the primary purpose of channel estimation is to understand the impact of the channel on signal transmission and to compensate and recover the received signal using channel parameters. Wireless channels typically have complex characteristics, such as multipath effects, channel fading, noise, interference, and frequency offset. These factors can cause distortion of the target signal during transmission, affecting the receiver's ability to accurately decode the data. The primary purpose of channel estimation is to obtain and quantify the impact of the channel on signal transmission, such as estimating channel parameters such as amplitude attenuation, phase offset, and noise interference, thereby compensating for the received signal.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 5 The figure shows a flow chart of a signal processing method 500 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method 500 is illustrated by taking a receiving end as an example. The receiving end can be the above Figure 1 It should be understood that method 500 may include additional steps not shown and / or may omit some of the steps shown, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to this. The specific implementation process of the method is as follows:

[0097] Step 501: Receive a target signal from a transmitting end.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting end can transmit the target signal to the receiving end through the target channel through the aforementioned steps 201 to 202. The target signal includes multiple target frequency domain resources, and the transmitted symbols on each target frequency domain resource include the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol.

[0099] Step 502: Determine multiple target frequency domain resources using a scrambling code sequence.

[0100] In the disclosed embodiments, once a receiving end obtains a target signal, it can use the same scrambling code sequence as the transmitting end to perform descrambling and other processing on the received signal. It then selects multiple target frequency domain resources from the target signal's subcarriers and other frequency domain resources for subsequent channel estimation. Target frequency domain resources refer to all transmitted symbols on the same frequency domain resource (subcarrier), including both the original symbol and its conjugate symbol. This allows the receiving end to leverage symmetry information for accurate channel estimation.

[0101] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can descramble the target signal through a scrambling code sequence to obtain scrambling code information including the scrambling code value of each frequency domain resource of the target signal at a preset time-frequency position, and screen each frequency domain resource through the scrambling code information to obtain multiple target frequency domain resources.

[0102] In some embodiments, each element in the scrambling code sequence s may be a binary value (0, 1), which is used to scramble symbols at the transmitting end and descramble symbols at the receiving end, so that the receiving end can use the same scrambling code sequence s as the transmitting end to descramble the received signal to restore the position and content of the transmitted symbols, thereby selecting an available target frequency domain resource from multiple frequency domain resources.

[0103] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can determine multiple first scrambling code pairs for each frequency domain resource using the descrambled scrambling code information. The first scrambling code pair includes a first scrambling code value at a first time-frequency position for the corresponding frequency domain resource and a second adjacent scrambling code value adjacent to the first scrambling code value. Thus, when the exclusive-OR result of each first scrambling code pair is not equal to a target value, the present disclosure can determine that the corresponding frequency domain resource is a target frequency domain resource.

[0104] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may obtain multiple target time domain positions through scrambling code information of each target frequency domain resource, and determine the original symbol and conjugate symbol on each target frequency domain resource through the multiple target time domain positions.

[0105] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can obtain a second scrambling code pair for each target frequency domain resource using scrambling code information. The second scrambling code pair includes a second scrambling code value of the target frequency domain resource at a second time-frequency position and a second adjacent scrambling code value of the second scrambling code value. Thus, when the second scrambling code pair satisfies a time domain screening condition, the corresponding time domain position is determined as the target time domain position.

[0106] In some embodiments, the time domain screening condition in the present disclosure includes: the second scrambling code value and the second adjacent scrambling code value are equal to and equal to a preset value, or the second scrambling code value and the second adjacent scrambling code value are respectively equal to different preset values.

[0107] In some embodiments, taking the OPSK modulation mode as an example, when the subcarrier f meets the following conditions, the transmitted symbol carried by it includes both the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol, and the subcarrier f meeting the following conditions is formed into a target frequency domain resource set F:

[0108] ,and

[0109] in, Represents the scrambling code value at a specific scrambling code position in the scrambling code sequence.

[0110] represents the target scrambling code value of subcarrier f at the preset scrambling code position, where 2 f , 2 f+2F , 2 f+2TF-2F Represents the preset scrambling code position, Represents the scrambling code value corresponding to the next adjacent position of the target scrambling code value for subcarrier f.

[0111] XOR processing This function logically combines different positions of the scrambling code sequence and uses the results of these logical operations to select target frequency domain resources. By excluding subcarriers where the XOR result of the target scrambling code pair is 0, frequency domain resource positions with identical scrambling code structures can be eliminated, ensuring symbol diversity within the target frequency domain resources. Similarly, by excluding subcarriers where the XOR result of the target scrambling code pair is 1, frequency domain resource positions containing only original symbols or only conjugated symbols can be eliminated, ensuring that the symbols on the target frequency domain resources contain both the original symbols and their conjugates.

[0112] Step 503: The original symbols and the conjugated symbols on each target frequency domain resource are respectively combined to obtain an original combined signal and a conjugated combined signal.

[0113] In embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can perform symbol merging on each target frequency domain resource to obtain original merged symbols and conjugate merged symbols. The original merged symbols reflect the amplitude and phase information of the signal and can be used to extract the direct impact of the channel on the original symbols, providing a basis for estimating the channel amplitude and phase characteristics. The conjugate merged symbols reflect the symmetry and inverse characteristics of the signal and can be combined with the original merged symbols to extract the symmetry characteristics of the channel, thereby enhancing the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0114] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can perform symbol merging processing on the received signal at a specific position through a scrambling sequence, thereby obtaining the original merged symbol and the conjugate merged symbol. Specifically, the present disclosure obtains the T transmitted symbols on the f-th subcarrier in the target frequency domain resource set F according to the scrambling sequence s. The set of positive integers t ,satisfy The set of positive integers t ,satisfy The set of positive integers t ,satisfy The set of positive integers t .

[0115] Pair Collection and The corresponding symbols are combined to obtain the original combined signal , for the set and The corresponding symbols are combined to obtain the conjugate combined signal , as shown below:

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] in, Represents the symbol at subcarrier f and time-frequency resource position fF in the target signal.

[0119] Represents the original combined signal, which is obtained by the symbol set , The signal obtained by weighted combination calculation of the symbols in the set Symbolic summation in, subtraction of the set The sum of the symbols in and normalizes the result (for example, dividing by the sum of the set sizes). This characterizes the amplitude characteristics of the original symbol part in the channel and is a key source of channel amplitude information.

[0120] Represents the conjugate combined signal, which is obtained by pairing the symbol set , The signal obtained by weighted combination calculation of the symbols in the set Symbolic summation in, subtraction of the set The sum of the symbols in and normalize the result (for example, divided by the sum of the set sizes). It characterizes the phase characteristics of the conjugate symbol part in the channel and is an important source of channel phase information.

[0121] In summary, this symbol combining method takes advantage of the distribution characteristics of symbols under different scrambling code conditions. By adding or subtracting signals, the signal power is quadrupled, while the noise power is only added and doubled, thereby improving the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.

[0122] Step 504: Perform channel estimation using the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain target channel parameters.

[0123] In the disclosed embodiments, the transmitter can perform channel estimation on the phase and amplitude characteristics of the target channel based on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain the target channel's phase and amplitude characteristic parameters. Channel estimation can be used to compensate for the channel's impact on the signal, improving demodulation and decoding accuracy. Accurate channel estimation helps the receiver accurately recover the original information from the transmitter.

[0124] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may obtain a first reconstructed signal and a second reconstructed signal through the original combined symbol and the conjugated combined symbol, thereby obtaining target channel parameters through the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first reconstructed signal in the present disclosure represents the commonality between the original symbol and the conjugated symbol, representing the overall amplitude characteristics of the target channel, that is, the amplitude performance of the channel after the combined response to the original symbol and the conjugated symbol. In this way, the first reconstructed signal can be used to subsequently extract the channel amplitude information and estimate the overall change in channel gain and signal energy. The second reconstructed signal represents the difference between the original symbol and the conjugated symbol, representing the overall phase characteristics of the target channel, that is, the relative response difference of the channel to the original symbol and the conjugated symbol. It can be used to extract the channel phase information and estimate the channel phase offset and relative change of the symbol.

[0126] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may perform conjugate sum processing on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain a first reconstructed signal, and perform conjugate difference processing on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain a second reconstructed signal.

[0127] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be used to analyze the original combined signal. Perform complex conjugation operation, and perform summation and difference calculation with the original unconjugated signal to generate the first reconstructed signal for channel amplitude characteristic estimation and a second reconstructed signal for channel phase characteristic estimation , as shown below:

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] in, Represents the first reconstructed signal, which mainly characterizes the amplitude characteristics of the channel;

[0131] Represents the second reconstructed signal, which mainly characterizes the phase characteristics of the channel;

[0132] Represents the complex conjugate operation, which is used to adjust the phase of the signal and extract the symmetry analysis and phase characteristics of the signal.

[0133] j represents the imaginary unit, satisfying , used to realize the phase rotation of the signal and emphasize the phase characteristics of the signal. In the calculation, j can rotate the phase component of the conjugated signal by 90° to better separate the phase characteristics of the channel.

[0134] In this way, the present disclosure makes full use of the conjugate relationship of symbols to perform sum and difference operations, effectively separate the characteristic information of the channel, and improve the accuracy and robustness of the channel estimation.

[0135] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may obtain a phase characteristic parameter of a target channel based on a ratio between the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal, and obtain an amplitude characteristic parameter of the target channel based on a sum of the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal.

[0136] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may perform channel estimation on the phase characteristics of the channel at the subcarrier position of the target frequency domain resource set F, as shown below:

[0137]

[0138] in, This represents the channel phase characteristic obtained through channel estimation, describing the phase offset introduced by the channel during signal transmission—that is, the change in signal phase after propagation through the channel. The receiver can use this estimated phase characteristic to compensate for the signal's phase error, ensuring correct symbol demodulation.

[0139] Represents the real part operation, that is, taking only the real part of the complex number;

[0140] Arccot ​​stands for the inverse cotangent function and is used to calculate angles.

[0141] Thus, by the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal The ratio of the phase information of the channel is used to extract the phase information of the channel, which can be used for channel compensation and demodulation.

[0142] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may perform channel estimation on the amplitude characteristics of the channel at the subcarrier position of the target frequency domain resource set F. Taking QSPK or BPSK modulation as an example, if the average symbol energy of the target signal is 1, the channel amplitude characteristic calculation can be as follows:

[0143] ,or

[0144]

[0145] in, This represents the channel amplitude characteristic obtained from channel estimation, reflecting the degree to which the channel amplifies or attenuates symbols transmitted on different subcarriers, that is, the energy change of the signal after passing through the channel. Using this amplitude characteristic, the receiver can compensate for the channel gain and restore the original signal strength after channel attenuation or amplification, ensuring that the demodulated signal strength is suitable for subsequent decoding.

[0146] cos and sin represent cosine and sine functions, respectively, and are used to project the amplitude characteristics of the channel into different angular directions.

[0147] In some embodiments, after channel estimation is completed, the present disclosure can perform channel equalization processing on the target signal based on the target channel parameters obtained through channel estimation, and perform demodulation and decoding operations based on the processed equalized signal, thereby restoring the original signal sent by the transmitter, further improving the performance and quality of signal transmission.

[0148] In some embodiments, the present disclosure can obtain a frequency domain estimation matrix constructed based on amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters through target channel parameters, and construct an equalization matrix through the frequency domain estimation matrix and preset noise parameters. The noise parameters may include the power spectral density parameters of the additive noise at the receiving end, thereby performing weighted compensation on the target signal through the equalization matrix to obtain an equalized signal.

[0149] In some embodiments, the receiving end may use the obtained channel estimation result to perform channel equalization processing on the original signal, for example, using the MMSE equalization method to process the original signal:

[0150]

[0151] in, , is the unilateral power spectral density of additive white Gaussian noise. The signal after channel equalization can be used for demodulation and decoding.

[0152] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may combine the channel estimation results obtained through the above-described embodiments with the pilot-based channel estimation results to obtain a more accurate integrated channel response, thereby helping the receiving end to more accurately compensate for the signal. For example, the present disclosure may employ methods such as weighted averaging or filter fusion to utilize pilot signals to supplement more channel information, enhance channel estimation accuracy, and achieve more accurate channel estimation results.

[0153] In some embodiments, taking a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) information transmission process as an example, assuming that the number of bits of downlink control information (DCI) information b is B=28, the CRC check bit length is 24, the channel coding method is Polar code, the modulation method is QPSK, the aggregation level is 8, and the number of continuous time domain symbols is 2, then through the target channel parameter determination method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitter will channel code the downlink control information transmission information DCI containing the CRC check code. Among them, the signal after the CRC check code is added to the DCI information b is k, and the corresponding signal length is K=52. After channel coding, the information is obtained to obtain the coded signal n, with a length N=256. The coded information n is interpolated and a cyclic prefix and suffix are added so that the modulation symbol length after constellation point modulation is equal to the number of frequency domain resources F, thereby completing the frequency domain alignment operation of the coded signal, so that the scrambling results of the same symbol are located at the same frequency domain resource position. Thus, in the case of the above parameter configuration, the number of frequency domain resources F = 432, excluding the position occupied by the downlink reference signal (DnRS), the information length of the interpolation information m after interpolation processing is Next, the interpolation information m is rate-matched in a repeated form. Assuming 2 repetitions, corresponding to the number of continuous time domain symbols T=2, the sequence information d is generated, and its signal length is 2M=1728. Furthermore, the transmitter will scramble and constellation-modulate the rate-matched sequence information d according to the scrambling code sequence, and map it to the corresponding position of the time-frequency resource. The modulated symbol sequence , where the function Represents QPSK constellation point modulation. The time-frequency resource grid after mapping is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the dashed grid represents the position allocated to DnRS, and the number of time-frequency resources occupied by DnRS is 144. In this way, after the transmitting end generates the target signal through the above operation, it will transmit it to the corresponding receiving end through the target channel, so that the receiving end can execute the channel parameter determination method of the aforementioned steps 501 to 503 according to the received signal, complete the channel estimation, and obtain the target channel parameters of the target channel, and the channel estimation result can also be combined with the result of the channel estimation using DnRS in the time-frequency resource grid to further improve the channel estimation performance. For example, in the case of equal probability of the scrambling code sequence 0 / 1, the receiving end of the embodiment of the present disclosure can calculate the probability that the received signal contains both the original symbol and the conjugate symbol of the original symbol as follows: , that is, the expected number of received signals that can be used to assist DnRS in channel estimation is , which, combined with 144 DnRS symbols, can effectively improve channel estimation and enhance communication performance.

[0154] It is worth noting that flowcharts are used in this disclosure to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations do not necessarily need to be performed in exact order. Instead, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0155] The basic concepts have been described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above disclosures are merely illustrative and do not constitute limitations of the present disclosure. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and revisions to the present disclosure. Such modifications, improvements, and revisions are suggested in the present disclosure and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0156] At the same time, this disclosure uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be appropriately combined.

[0157] Based on the same technical concept, the present disclosure also provides a signal transmission device for an OFDM system. The device includes: a device for executing the signal transmission method in the above embodiment.

[0158] Based on the same technical concept, the present disclosure also provides a signal processing device for an OFDM system. The device includes: a device for executing the signal processing method in the above embodiment.

[0159] The above-mentioned device can be used to execute the method shown in each embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, for the functions that can be implemented by each functional module of the above-mentioned device, reference can be made to the description of the above-mentioned embodiment and no further details will be given.

[0160] See Figure 7 As shown, based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer device 70, which can be Figure 1 As shown in the signal receiving device or signal sending device, the computer device 70 may include a memory 701 and a processor 702 .

[0161] The so-called memory 701 is used to store computer programs executed by the processor 702. The memory 701 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. The processor 702 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or a digital processing unit, etc. The specific connection medium between the above-mentioned memory 701 and the processor 702 is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments of the present disclosure are Figure 7 In the embodiment, the memory 701 and the processor 702 are connected via a bus 703. Figure 7 The connections between the other components are shown in bold lines, which are only for illustration and are not intended to be limiting. The so-called bus 703 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 7 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0162] Memory 701 may be a volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM); a non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory, flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD); or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. Memory 701 may be a combination of the aforementioned memories.

[0163] The processor 702 is configured to execute the signal sending method and / or signal processing method executed by the device in each embodiment of the present disclosure when calling the computer program stored in the so-called memory 701.

[0164] In some embodiments, various aspects of the signal sending method and / or signal processing method provided by the present disclosure may also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product is run on a computer device, the program code is used to enable the computer device to execute the steps of the signal sending method and / or signal processing method according to the various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described above in this specification. For example, the computer device may execute the steps of each embodiment.

[0165] The program product may utilize any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0166] The program product of an embodiment of the present disclosure may be a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and may be run on a computing device. However, the program product of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with a command execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0167] A readable signal medium may include a data signal transmitted in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries readable program code. Such a transmitted data signal may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transfer a program for use by or in conjunction with a command execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0168] The program code embodied on the readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0169] Program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0170] It should be noted that although several units or subunits of the device are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the features and functions of two or more units described above can be embodied in one unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple units.

[0171] Furthermore, although the operations of the disclosed method are described in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all illustrated operations must be performed to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0173] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0174] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0175] Some aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software. These hardware and software components may be referred to as "data blocks," "modules," "engines," "units," "components," or "systems." A processor may be one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or combinations thereof. Furthermore, various aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied as computer products embodied in one or more computer-readable media, including computer-readable program code. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic tapes, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact disks, digital versatile disks, DVDs, etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives, etc.).

[0176] A computer-readable medium may include a propagated data signal embodying computer program code, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagated signal may be in a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or a suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable medium may be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can be connected to an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device to communicate, propagate, or transmit the program for use. The program code on the computer-readable medium may be transmitted via any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, radio frequency signal, or similar medium, or any combination of the above.

[0177] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the presentation of this disclosure and thus facilitate understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing descriptions of embodiments of this disclosure sometimes combine multiple features into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of this disclosure requires more features than those mentioned. In fact, an embodiment may have fewer features than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

[0178] In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used for description of embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the present disclosure are all approximate values, which can be changed according to the required characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining the digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of the scope of the present disclosure in some embodiments are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0179] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to the current specific embodiments, ordinary technicians in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present disclosure, and various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Therefore, as long as the changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the scope of the essential spirit of the present disclosure, they will fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method in an OFDM system, characterized in that: Applied to a sending end, the method includes: Based on frequency domain resource information and a preset modulation ratio configured for a signal to be transmitted, interpolate a first signal to obtain a second signal, and repeat the second signal N times to obtain a third signal; the first signal is obtained by channel coding the signal to be transmitted, the preset modulation ratio is determined based on the information length of the second signal and the frequency domain resource information, and N is determined based on the time domain resource information configured for the signal to be transmitted; The third signal is scrambled and constellation modulated to obtain a target signal, and the target signal is sent to a receiving end; the target signal includes multiple target frequency domain resources, the transmitted symbols on each target frequency domain resource include an original symbol and a conjugate symbol of the original symbol, and the scrambling code values ​​corresponding to each identical transmitted symbol in the target signal are in the same target frequency domain resource position.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The frequency domain resource information is determined based on the amount of frequency domain resources occupied by the portion of the signal to be transmitted that does not include demodulation parameters.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The interpolating the first signal to obtain the second signal comprises: Determining a preset modulation ratio based on a modulation order corresponding to a preset modulation mode; Based on the preset modulation ratio, bit information is added to the first signal to obtain the second signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The adding bit information to the first signal includes: A cyclic prefix and suffix is ​​added to the first signal, where the cyclic prefix and suffix is ​​repeated data of the first signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The scrambling and constellation-modulating the third signal to obtain a target signal includes: scrambling the third signal based on a scrambling code sequence; performing constellation modulation on the scrambled third signal to obtain a symbol sequence; Perform time-frequency resource mapping on the symbol sequence to obtain a target signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The length of the symbol sequence is determined based on the frequency domain resource information and N.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The performing channel coding on the signal to be transmitted includes: A check code is added to the signal to be transmitted, and channel coding is performed on the signal to be transmitted after the check code is added.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The channel coding includes Polar coding and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coding.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein The constellation modulation includes binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK).

10. A signal processing method in an OFDM system, characterized in that: Applied to a receiving end, the method includes: Receive a target signal from a transmitting end; the target signal includes multiple target frequency domain resources, and the transmitted symbols on each target frequency domain resource include an original symbol and a conjugate symbol of the original symbol, and the scrambling code values ​​corresponding to the same transmitted symbols in the target signal are located at the same target frequency domain resource position; Based on the scrambling code sequence, determine the multiple target frequency domain resources, and respectively combine the original symbol and the conjugated symbol on each target frequency domain resource to obtain an original combined signal and a conjugated combined signal; Channel estimation is performed based on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain target channel parameters, and channel equalization processing is performed on the target signal based on the target channel parameters.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein The determining the multiple target frequency domain resources based on the scrambling code sequence includes: Descrambling the target signal based on the scrambling code sequence to obtain scrambling code information; the scrambling code information includes a scrambling code value of each frequency domain resource of the target signal at a preset time-frequency position; The frequency domain resources are screened based on the scrambling code information to obtain the multiple target frequency domain resources.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The filtering of the frequency domain resources based on the scrambling code information to obtain the multiple target frequency domain resources includes: Based on the scrambling code information, a plurality of first scrambling code pairs for each frequency domain resource are obtained; the first scrambling code pair comprises a first scrambling code value at a first time-frequency position of the corresponding frequency domain resource, and a second adjacent scrambling code value adjacent to the first scrambling code value; When the exclusive OR result of each first scrambling code pair is not equal to the target value, the corresponding frequency domain resource is determined to be the target frequency domain resource.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein Before respectively combining the original symbols and the conjugated symbols on each target frequency domain resource, the method further includes: Based on the scrambling code information of each target frequency domain resource, multiple target time domain positions are obtained; Based on the multiple target time domain positions, original symbols and conjugate symbols on the target frequency domain resources are determined.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein The obtaining of multiple time domain positions based on the scrambling code information of each target frequency domain resource includes: Based on the scrambling code information, obtaining a second scrambling code pair for each target frequency domain resource; the second scrambling code pair includes a second scrambling code value of the target frequency domain resource at a second time-frequency position, and a second adjacent scrambling code value of the second scrambling code value; When the second scrambling code pair meets the time domain screening condition, the corresponding time domain position is determined as the target time domain position.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the second scrambling code pair satisfies a time domain screening condition, comprising: The second scrambling code value and the second adjacent scrambling code value are equal to a preset value, or The second scrambling code value and the second adjacent scrambling code value are respectively equal to different preset values.

16. The method according to claim 10, wherein performing channel estimation based on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain target channel parameters comprises: Obtaining a first reconstructed signal and a second reconstructed signal based on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal; Target channel parameters are obtained based on the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal. 17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the first reconstructed signal represents the commonality between the original symbol and the conjugated symbol, and the second reconstructed signal represents the difference between the original symbol and the conjugated symbol.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein obtaining a first reconstructed signal and a second reconstructed signal based on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal comprises: conjugate and process the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain the first reconstructed signal; Perform conjugate difference processing on the original combined signal and the conjugate combined signal to obtain the second reconstructed signal.

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein The obtaining target channel parameters based on the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal includes: obtaining a phase characteristic parameter of the target channel based on a ratio between the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal; An amplitude characteristic parameter of the target channel is obtained based on a sum of the first reconstructed signal and the second reconstructed signal.

20. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 19, wherein: After performing channel equalization processing on the target signal based on the target channel parameters, the method further includes: Demodulation and decoding operations are performed based on the processed equalized signal.

21. The method according to claim 10, wherein The performing channel equalization processing on the target signal based on the target channel parameter includes: Based on the target channel parameters, a frequency domain estimation matrix is ​​obtained; the frequency domain estimation matrix is ​​constructed based on the amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters of the target channel; Constructing an equalization matrix based on the frequency domain estimation matrix and preset noise parameters; the noise parameters include power spectral density parameters of the additive noise at the receiving end; Based on the equalization matrix, weighted compensation is performed on the target signal to obtain an equalized signal.

22. A signal transmitting device in an OFDM system, characterized in that: Applied to a transmitting end, the device comprises: a device for executing the method according to any one of claims 1-9.

23. A signal processing device in an OFDM system, characterized in that: Applied to a receiving end, the device comprises: a device for executing the method according to any one of claims 10-21.

24. A computer device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as At least one memory storing thereon instructions which, when executed individually or collectively by the at least one processor, cause the computer device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or any one of claims 10 to 21.

25. A computer storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that: When the instructions are executed individually or collectively by at least one processor of a computer device, the instructions cause the computer device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or any one of claims 10 to 21.

26. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that When the instructions are executed individually or collectively by at least one processor of a computer device, the instructions cause the computer device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or any one of claims 10 to 21.

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