Device for coating a substrate with a powder material

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (100; 100 ') for coating a carrier substrate (006) with a powdery material (004). 100 *), said device comprising at least one first application unit (101) comprising a first roller (102; 102 ') and a first roller (102; 102 '), a nip (107; 107') between the shell faces of the first and second rollers, and a second roller (103) adjacent to the shell faces of the first and second rollers, 107 ') for forming a first gap (104; 104 ') through which the powdered material (004) can be fed in order to form a first dry film (003'), the second roller (103; 103 ') or a further roller downstream of the second roller (103) as viewed in the direction of the material flow; 106) and a roller (103 '; 106) forms a second gap (107) through which the carrier substrate (106) to be coated can be guided and which can be loaded in the first gap (104; 104 ') is formed on the substrate (104; 104'). The first and second rollers (102; 103, 103; 102 '; 103 ') with respect to the axis of rotation (R102; r103, R102 ', R103') can be inclined with respect to each other with respect to the relative course thereof and can be varied with respect to the relative inclination (alpha) thereof in that the first or second roller (102, 103, 102 ', 103') is mounted in the device so as to be pivotable about an actual or imaginary pivot axis (S) which extends perpendicular to the pivot axis (R102, R103, R102 ', R103') of the pivotable roller (102, 103, 102 ', 103') and / or the other of the two rollers (103, 102, 103 ', 102').

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powdery material according to claim 1 . Background Art

[0002] In WO2020 / 150254A1, a film is produced by calendering a powder mixture and winding the film onto a roll so that it can be fed into a further process in which the film can be laminated onto a current collector. In one embodiment, the powder mixture is placed onto a belt and guided onto the belt into the gap between two rollers.

[0003] KR102359521B1 discloses a device for dry coating a current collector web with an active material layer, wherein a first roller and a second roller are provided for each side of the web, an active material layer is formed between the rollers, and the corresponding active material layer is applied to the current collector web at the pressing portion between the two second rollers. A first and a second device for swinging the roller spacing are provided, and the spacing between the first and second rollers can be adjusted respectively by the first and second devices. The first device and the second device include a mechanical cylinder driven by a servo motor. In addition, a third device for adjusting the roller gap formed between the second rollers is provided. Thus, the thickness of the electrode can be easily controlled by the gap width. In one embodiment, a cylinder can also be provided between the second rollers to keep the spacing constant.

[0004] DE 10 2008 009 341 A1 relates to a method for grinding, mixing, dispersing, homogenizing, etc., liquid to pasty materials in a roller train having a plurality of rollers, each supported at two ends in bearing receptacles, wherein the material is continuously conveyed from a first roller to a last removal roller and removed there by a scraper. By pivoting the axis bearing, the spacing or proximity of two of the three rollers to the middle roller can be changed. The end bearing seats of at least one roller are designed to be adjustable transversely to the roller axis independently of one another by corresponding eccentric bearings, so that by deflecting the eccentric in the opposite direction, the cross position relative to the other rollers can be adjusted. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention is based on the object of providing a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powdery material.

[0006] According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1 .

[0007] The advantages achievable with the invention consist in particular in that the device can be used to reliably produce coated support substrates having an active material layer that is as uniform and / or defined as possible.

[0008] In an embodiment of the device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powdery material, which is particularly suitable for the present invention, the device has at least one first application unit, the first application unit includes a first roller and a second roller, the first roller and the second roller form a first gap for film formation in the pressing part between their shell surfaces, the powdery material can be fed through the first gap in order to form a first dry film there, and the device has a roller used as a pressing roller, which forms a second gap with the second roller of the first application unit or other rollers that follow the second roller indirectly or directly downstream as viewed in the direction of the material flow, the carrier substrate to be coated can be guided through the second gap and can be loaded with the dry film formed in the first gap and, in particular, conveyed to the second gap via the second roller and, if necessary, further rollers.

[0009] According to the invention, the first roller and the second roller can be tilted relative to each other in terms of the relative course of their axes of rotation and in terms of their relative inclination can be variable in that the first roller or the second roller is pivotably mounted in the device about a real or imaginary pivot axis, which extends perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the pivotable roller. This allows the rollers to be staggered in order to compensate for the bending caused by the contact forces and to achieve a gap width that is constant over the width.

[0010] For the inclined or pivotable design of the rollers, the rotation axes extending obliquely to each other are preferably located in two planes parallel to each other, and / or the pivotable support is arranged and / or designed in such a way that the pivoting movement of the rotation axis occurs in a plane extending perpendicular to the adjustment direction for adjusting the distance and / or the contact force between the first roller or the second roller and / or perpendicular to the pivot axis, without the plane being moved in the direction of the pivot axis due to the pivoting, and / or the pivot axis does not change in its position in space.

[0011] By advantageously pivoting the axis of rotation in a plane which is arranged perpendicularly to the adjustment direction and / or which is fixed relative to the space, the adjustment movement and the pivoting can be decoupled.

[0012] In a particularly advantageous embodiment with rollers inclined with respect to one another, the first roller and the second roller of the associated application unit are supported in or on different sub-frames from one another, and the sub-frame carrying the pivotable rollers as a whole, i.e. together with the corresponding and mutually connected frame walls on both sides and the rollers carried thereby, can be pivoted about a pivot axis.

[0013] In a particularly advantageous embodiment with a multi-part frame and pivoting of the sub-frames, the roller axes can be staggered relative to one another without additional shear forces acting on the end-side bearings and even without the risk of bearing damage due to tilting.

[0014] In a particularly advantageous embodiment for adjusting the rollers or sub-frames, one or more adjusting devices with a drive mechanism are provided between two or each two adjacent sub-frames, the adjusting devices being engaged with corresponding active ends on the sub-frames in such a way that traction forces can be introduced between the adjacent sub-frames via the adjusting devices, which enable a relative movement between the sub-frames and / or a contact force between the rollers. This means that there is no external fixed bearing pressing the bearings of the frames or rollers against the other roller, but rather two adjacent frames are loaded with traction forces towards each other and are at least moved or pulled towards each other for the contact. As a result, the force acts precisely and only between the two rollers and does not act via one of the two rollers on the other roller that may be adjacent.

[0015] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the adjustment mechanism, an adjustment device having two active ends engages two or respectively two adjacent sub-frames whose distance and / or contact force with one another are variable in that a common plane, in particular an imaginary plane, extending perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of at least one of the rollers supported on the two adjacent sub-frames intersects at least one engagement surface formed in the region of the active ends of the respective sub-frames and the respective effective support widths of the rollers supported in the two sub-frames, as viewed in the axial direction.

[0016] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the coating device, a dry film can be produced on both sides of the carrier substrate. In an advantageous embodiment of such a coating device, application units with corresponding laminating rollers are provided on both sides of the substrate path, which form a double-sided application or lamination gap in the nip between their shell surfaces. In this case, the two laminating rollers that form a gap between each other act as nip rollers for each other. As a result, the carrier substrate guided between these laminating rollers can be loaded on both sides with the dry film formed in the corresponding application unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

[0018] in:

[0019] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of a product to be manufactured;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the creation and application of a dry film;

[0021] Figure 3 An example of a machine for manufacturing a multilayer product using an application phase according to an embodiment of the first group of examples with a dry film applied on a carrier substrate is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 Show Figure 3An enlarged view of the application phase of the first embodiment of FIG.

[0023] Figure 5 An alternative embodiment to the embodiment of the first set of examples is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 Showing further alternative embodiments of the first set of embodiments;

[0025] Figure 7 Showing further alternative embodiments of the first set of embodiments;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing an implementation scheme of a second set of embodiments;

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing another implementation of the second set of embodiments;

[0028] Fig.10 An example of a machine for manufacturing a multilayer product using an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of examples with a dry film applied on a carrier substrate is shown;

[0029] Fig.11 A first design with two rollers coupled in pairs is shown. Fig.10 A magnified view of the application phase in FIG.

[0030] Fig.12 A second design with two rollers coupled in pairs is shown. Fig.10 A magnified view of the application phase in FIG.

[0031] Fig.13 A diagram showing a removal device viewed obliquely from below is shown;

[0032] Fig.14 An oblique view showing a product segment with a slight excess of primer on the side;

[0033] Fig.15 Another embodiment of a machine for manufacturing a multilayer product using an application phase according to an embodiment of the second group of embodiments with a dry film applied on a carrier substrate is shown;

[0034] Fig.16 Another embodiment of a machine for manufacturing a multilayer product using an application phase according to an embodiment of the second group of embodiments with a dry film applied on a carrier substrate is shown;

[0035] Fig.17 A perspective view of an embodiment of an application unit, in particular a double application unit, with a multi-part frame is shown;

[0036] Fig.18Showing the basis of a multi-piece frame Fig.17 A perspective view of an embodiment of an application unit, in particular a double application unit;

[0037] Fig.19 A cross-sectional view showing a sub-frame of a multi-piece frame;

[0038] Fig. 20 A schematic cross-sectional view showing a storage area of ​​a sub-rack;

[0039] Fig.21 A cross-sectional view showing a sub-frame with a stop mechanism for limiting the positioning movement;

[0040] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram showing a roller having two mutually inclined rotation axes;

[0041] Fig.23 A front view showing the sub-frame with the bearings enabling the pivoting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The device or machine described below relates to the production of electrode cells 001 of electrochemical energy stores, in particular as used in batteries or accumulators, for example lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-ion batteries or in particular lithium-ion batteries, and solid-state batteries.

[0043] The product 001; 002 to be manufactured by the following machine can, for example, be formed by a workpiece that has yet to be cut, such as a web-like intermediate product 002, such as a product strip 002 designed as an electrode strip 002, or by a single paper-like final product 001 that has already been cut in the machine, such as a product segment 001 formed as an electrode unit 001 (electrode 001 for short).

[0044] In order to produce such a product 001; 002, which has a carrier substrate 006, preferably a carrier substrate web 006, for example a carrier substrate web 006, for example a current conductor substrate 006 formed by, for example, a current conductor film 006, a material layer 003; 003' applied on one side or on both sides, in particular an active material layer 003; 003' preferably as a dry film 003; 003', there is now a device 100; 100* for coating, in particular dry coating, for example, the above-mentioned carrier substrate 006 with the above-mentioned material layer 003; 003', preferably a dry film 003; 003', in particular a powder composite film 003, which is referred to as coating device 100; 100* for short, which comprises at least a first application unit 101, by which a powdery, preferably dry material 004; 004', in particular a preferably solvent and / or dry powder mixture 004; 004' can first be processed into a dry film 003, in particular by pressing and / or using a pressing force, and this dry film 003; 003' can then be applied to the first side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or using a pressing force. The dry film 003; 003' to be applied should have a thickness of 20 μm to 240 μm, preferably 40 μm to 100 μm after application and pressing, for example.

[0045] The above-mentioned powder mixture 004; 004', which is present in particular as a dry powder, is particularly intended for the production of an electrode unit 001 for a lithium-ion battery or storage battery with, for example, more than ninety percent by weight of active materials, such as lithium compounds: lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese oxide, nickel-rich nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide and / or lithium titanate, including some, for example 3% by weight of lead additives, some, for example graphite or so-called carbon nanotubes (CNTs), i.e. multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and some, for example two% by weight of synthetic materials that act as binders in the subsequent powder composite material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0046] The carrier substrate 006, for example, simultaneously represents the current conducting layer of the electrode unit 001 and is formed, for example, by a film-like, nonwoven-like or woven conductive material, for example, of a metal. The conductive material is formed, for example, in particular for the production of the electrode unit 001 for lithium-ion cells or accumulators, of aluminum or copper and / or has, for example, a thickness d006 of 5 to 16 μm. In the case of the production of the anode, the conductive material is in particular made of copper, for example, with a thickness d006 in the range of 5 to 13 μm, and in the case of the production of the cathode, in particular, of aluminum, with a thickness d006 in the range of 7 to 16 μm.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the carrier substrate 006 has a surface coating with a connection auxiliary or connection enabling agent 007; 007', for example an adhesive 007; 007', a primer 007; 007' or an adhesive 007; 007', at least in the surface area to be coated with the dry film 003; 003'. Such a medium 007; 007' can be formed by a thermoplastic or reactive adhesive or primer and, for example, comprises a thermoplastic component and / or has a thickness d007 of only a few micrometers, for example of at most 5 μm, in particular of at most 3 μm.

[0048] The thickness d003; d003' of the active material layer 003; 003' of the product 001; 002 (ie the electrode unit 001 or the electrode core wire 002) is, for example, at most 240 μm, in particular at most 150 μm, preferably at most 100 μm and / or, for example, at least 20 μm, in particular at least 30 μm, preferably at least 40 μm.

[0049] The total thickness of the product 001; 002 coated on both sides, for example, is, for example, at most 500 μm, in particular at most 320 μm, preferably at most 220 μm and / or at least 50 μm, in particular at least 70 μm, preferably at least 90 μm, after a calendering process, which is connected in-line or in another machine to the process of applying or coating the dry film 003; 003' to the carrier substrate 006. In this case, the density of the applied material 004, 004 is, for example, greater than 3000 kg / m 3 , preferably greater than at least 3500 kg / m 3 The intermediate product 002 which leaves the machine for pure coating, which is also referred to here as a prefabricated product, can optionally have a lower density, but for example a density of 2000 kg / m 3 , preferably at least 2500kg / m 3 , especially at least 2900 kg / m 3 In the case of coating on only one side, the total thickness of the finished product 001; 002, which may be further compacted by at least one calendering process, reaches, for example, 255 μm, in particular 165 μm, preferably 65 μm and / or 30 μm, in particular at least 40 μm, preferably at least 50 μm.

[0050] The above-mentioned values ​​for the total thickness and / or density of the final product 001 or, for example, an intermediate product 002 which only needs to be cross-cut are also shown in the case of a subsequent calendering process following the coating process, if a sufficiently large force is provided during the coating process or simultaneously with the process of applying the dry film 003; 003' or this force can be applied in the lamination gap.

[0051] In order to ensure an efficient production process, the carrier material 006, which is preferably in web form, is preferably processed into the above-mentioned end product or intermediate product, which has, for example, a width b006 of at least 300 mm, advantageously 500 mm, in particular at least 550 mm or even 600 mm and more, and in a particularly advantageous embodiment even up to 1200 mm. In this case, the carrier material 006 is not coated with the dry film 003; 003' over its entire width, but only with the exception of the exposed edge region, in which the surface of the metallic conductive carrier material 006 is exposed and remains accessible, for example, for the purpose of line connection. Such a width b003 of the coating is, for example, up to at least 200 mm, advantageously at least 230 mm or even up to 300 mm and more.

[0052] In order to manufacture the dry film 003 in the above-mentioned manner, the first roller 102, in particular the metering roller 102, and the second roller 103, in particular the laminating roller 103, of the first application unit 101 are arranged in the following manner so that a first gap 104, in particular the first film-forming gap 104, is formed between the rollers. In order to form the dry film 003, the powder mixture 004, for example, which is conveyed by the device 700 for conveying a powdery material into the counter-pressing portion (referred to as the powder conveying device 700), can be conveyed through the first film-forming gap (see, for example, Figure 2 ). The clear width of the first gap 104 at its narrowest point determines the thickness of the dry film 003, which may be greater than the thickness in the subsequent product 001; 002, even before the dry film passes the application point, where the dry film is applied to the carrier substrate 006, especially under pressure.

[0053] Here, the application point is preferably formed directly by the counterpressure portion of the second roller 103, which in this case acts as a laminating roller 103, and a roller 106; 103, which acts as a pressing roller 106; 103', or by a roller which cooperates with the second roller 103 directly or via one or more additional rollers and acts as a laminating roller and a roller 106; 103, which acts as a pressing roller 106; 103' (not shown here). The second or further roller used as laminating roller 003 and the roller 106; 103 used as combining roller 106; 103 form a second gap 107 in the counter-pressure portion between their shell surfaces, in particular an application gap 107, also referred to hereinafter as a lamination gap 107, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular on the side facing away from the combining roller 106; 103, can be loaded with a dry film 003 formed by the first film-forming gap 104, for example with a thickness of at least 40 µm, for example between 50 μm and 200 μm, in particular between 60 and 120 μm.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the application stage 100; 100* comprises a second application unit 101 '(see, for example Figures 3 to 13 ), by means of the second application unit, the powder mixture 004', which is also particularly solvent-free and / or dry, for example, conveyed in the counter-press by means of the second device 700' for conveying powdery material (referred to as powder conveying device 700' for short), can first be processed, in particular by pressing and / or using pressing forces, into a second dry film 003'; 003 and the second dry film can subsequently be applied to the other second side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or using pressing forces. In principle, this can be a powder mixture 004' that is the same as or different from the first powder mixture 004'.

[0055] Similarly, in the second application unit 101', preferably, the first roller 102', in particular the metering roller 102' and the second roller 103', in particular the laminating roller 103' are arranged in the following manner so that the first roller and the second roller have a first gap 104', in particular a second film-forming gap 104', in the pressing portion between their shell surfaces, and the powder mixture 004' can be conveyed through the second film-forming gap to form a second dry film 003'.

[0056] Here too, the second roller 003' of the second application unit 101', which directly or indirectly cooperates with the second roller 003' or via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller (not shown here), forms a gap 107'; 107 with the roller 106'; 103 used as a pressing roller 106'; 103 in the pressure section between its shell surfaces, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular, on the second side facing away from the second pressing roller 106'; 103, can be loaded with the second dry film 003' formed by the second film-forming gap 104'; 104.

[0057] In a first set of embodiments of the coating apparatus 100 (see, for example, Figures 3 to 7), the second gap 107' is formed by a second application gap 107' which is different from the first application gap or lamination gap 107, for example, the lamination gap 107' and a second roller 106' which acts as a pressing roller 106 and acts on the first pressing roller 106 of the first application unit 101 and / or a second pressing roller 106' which is different from the lamination roller 103, and the carrier substrate 006 can be guided through the gap and, in particular, on the second side facing away from the second pressing roller 106', can be loaded with the second dry film 003' formed by the second film-forming gap 104'. In this embodiment, two independent application units 101; 101' are provided for both sides of the carrier substrate 106. Therefore, different conditions for the corresponding application process can be adjusted independently of each other in the relevant lamination gaps 107; 107'. Here, for example, different pressing forces or linear forces and / or temperatures as necessary can be adjusted.

[0058] For such an embodiment, for example for a large degree of wrapping, in the corresponding application unit 101; 101', the metering roller 102; 102', the laminating roller 103; 103' and the pressing roller 106; 106' which forms a laminating gap 107; 107' with the laminating roller can, in a first embodiment variant, be arranged relative to each other in such a way that the planes connecting the rotation axes R102; R103; R106; R102' of the respectively adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' intersect at an angle α, which is, for example, between 40° and 130°, in particular between 70° and 110°, preferably between 80° and 100°. 106 'of better heat transfer and / or better, for example, vibration-free upper and lower rollers (see, for example Figures 3 to 5 ).

[0059] Thus, the respective closing roller 106; 106' can be arranged, for example, below the laminating roller 103; 103' so that the plane connecting the axes of rotation R103; R106; R103' of the two rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' deviates from the vertical by a maximum of ±30°, in particular by a maximum of ±15°. The pressing force and the gravity in the laminating gap act primarily in the same direction.

[0060] In a second embodiment variant which is advantageous, for example, with regard to the forces acting and the direction of loading, in the corresponding application unit 101; 101', the metering roller 102; 102', the laminating roller 103; 103' and the pressing roller 106; 106' which forms a laminating gap 107; 107' with the laminating roller are arranged relative to each other, for example, in such a way that the planes connecting the rotation axes R102; R103; R106; R102'; R103' of the respective pairs of adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' intersect at most at an acute angle α, which is a maximum of 20°, in particular at 0°, so that the rotation axes R102 of the three rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' of the same application unit 101; 101'; R103; R106; R102'; R103' are located in the same plane. The arrangement is therefore very rigid, since the forces and reaction forces are at least mainly directed opposite to each other.

[0061] Here, the two application units 101; 101 'with their laminating rollers 103; 103 'arranged on different sides of the substrate path, and can be arranged one above the other in such a manner that the two laminating gaps 107; 107 'in one embodiment are arranged vertically overlapping each other (see, for example Figure 6 ) or in another embodiment, in particular by at least half and at most one and a half laminating roller diameters (see for example Figure 7 ). Figure 7 , for example, a substrate guiding concept that can also be transferred to other embodiments is indicated by a dotted line, by which a larger wrap angle and thus a better heat transfer and / or a more stable upper roller can be achieved. For this purpose, the substrate path is deflected by an additional substrate guiding element 121 in such a way that when winding up onto the subsequent roller 106; 106', the transport direction T S With respect to the conveying direction T of the output substrate 006 S Tilt at least 45°.

[0062] 102 ', the second roller 103; 103 'or the second roller directly or indirectly through one or more other rollers and the roller acting as a laminating roller, in an advantageous improvement, there is provided an additional roller 118; 118 '(see for example Figure 5103') in accordance with the operating conditions, i.e. during the production process, of the laminating roller 103; 103', the circumferential segment between the metering gap 104; 104' and the laminating gap 107; 107' of the laminating roller 103; 103' in the form of a calendering roller 118; 118' can be in contact with the dry film 003; 003' which can be conveyed or guided on the laminating roller 103; 103'.

[0063] For the above-mentioned embodiments, variants and implementations, in a first configuration for roller support, the laminating roller 103; 103' of the corresponding application unit 101; 101' can be fixed in position with its rotation axis R103; R103' depending on the operating situation, but can be adjusted in position if necessary, and the metering roller 102; 102' and the pressing roller 106; 106' can be supported so as to be adjustably in a direction having at least one movement separation towards and / or away from the corresponding laminating roller 103; 103' via respective adjustment drives 109; 109'; 111; 111'. Here and hereinafter, the term "adjustment drive device" 109; 109'; 111; 111' refers to the entirety of the structure that enables and / or is capable of direct or indirect adjustment of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106', which mechanisms are also referred to hereinafter as adjustment devices 109; 109'; 111; 111' and include at least one adjustment mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' that guides the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' along an adjustment movement and one or more drive mechanisms 132; 132'; 133; 133' that enable the adjustment.

[0064] In order to adjust the respective metering roller 102; 102' onto the second roller 103; 103', in a first embodiment, a position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' or an adjustment mechanism 109; 109' for position-based adjustment is provided, i.e. an adjustment drive 109; 109' or an adjustment mechanism 109; 109', by means of which a defined position for the component to be adjusted can be achieved. The position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' or the position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' can be positioned, for example, in a defined and / or defined position or can be operated or adjusted in a position-controlled or even position-adjustable manner.

[0065] Such a position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' can be realized, for example, in such a way that the drive mechanism 132; 133, for example the drive motor itself, can assume a defined, predeterminable position, which is possible, for example, for a position-controlled servo drive or motor, or in such a way that the adjustment path can be defined at least toward the critical side, for example, by a stop mechanism 119, for example an adjustable stop 119, which is adjustable by means of an adjustment and / or drive mechanism 146, which defines the end position and against which the part to be adjusted in terms of position is adjusted or can be adjusted, for example, by means of a force-based or non-position-controlled drive mechanism. In this case, the roller 102; 102' is supported, for example, in or on an adjustment mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113', which is formed, for example, by a bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' which executes the adjustment path with positional accuracy. This is particularly true for small adjustment ranges at high forces, for example, with an eccentric bearing 113; 113', for example a three-ring bearing 113; 113'. For example, in the case of an adjustment parallel to the adjustment direction and therefore more direct in terms of the adjustment path, a linear bearing 112; 112' extending in the adjustment direction may also be advantageous instead.

[0066] In order to adjust the respective pressing roller 103; 106; 106', in this first advantageous embodiment, a force-based adjustment drive 111; 111' or an adjustment mechanism 111; 111' for force-based adjustment, i.e. an adjustment drive 111; 111' or an adjustment mechanism 111, is provided, by which a contact with a defined force on a support can be achieved. The force-based adjustment drive 111; 111' or the adjustment mechanism 111; 111' for force-based adjustment can be adjusted, for example, to a defined and / or defined force or can be operated or adjusted in a force-controlled or even adjustable manner.

[0067] Such a force-based adjustment drive 111; 111', which is arranged at least on one side, can be realized, for example, in such a way that the drive mechanism 132, for example the drive motor 132 itself can exert a defined and predeterminable force, which is possible for example for a torque-adjustable or controllable, in particular torque-adjustable or controllable servo drive or motor, or in such a way that the roller to be adjusted can be brought into contact with the other roller 103; 103' with an adjustment force towards the critical side by a drive mechanism that can be operated by means of a pressure medium, for example by a pneumatically or hydraulically operated cylinder-piston system 132; 133, wherein the pressure of the drive mechanism 132; 133 is preferably adjustable. In this case, the closing roller 106; 106' is supported, for example, in or on an adjustment mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113', which is formed by a bearing mechanism 112; 112' that realizes the adjustment force in a force-based manner, i.e. without additional mechanical limitation of the adjustment path. Thus, for example, on at least one side, but preferably on both sides, a bearing arrangement 112; 112' designed as a linear bearing 112; 112' can advantageously be formed as such a bearing arrangement.

[0068] However, in a second embodiment, in the opposite way, the metering roller 102; 102' can be adjusted based on force, and the pressing roller 106; 106' can be adjusted based on position. For this purpose, this is transferred and applied in the above-mentioned manner with corresponding corresponding schemes.

[0069] However, in the third design, the two rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106' can be adjusted based on force, and in the fourth design, the two rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106' can be adjusted based on force. For this purpose, this is transferred and applied in the above-mentioned manner with corresponding corresponding solutions.

[0070] In a particularly advantageous fifth design, a combined adjustment mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' and / or a combined adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' or a combined adjustment mechanism 109; 109'; 111; 111' is provided for adjusting at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or at least the pressing roller 106; 106', which selectively realizes position-based adjustment of the relevant rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106' or force-based adjustment.

[0071] Such a combined adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' is formed, for example, by an adjustment drive 109; 111; 109'; 111' with an adjustment mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' or an adjustment mechanism 109; 111; 109', in whose drive path a stop 119 can be selectively inserted for defining the position, for example, by the drive mechanism and / or the adjustment mechanism. Alternatively, it is also advantageous for the adjustment drive 109; 111; 109'; 111' to include, as a drive mechanism 132; 133; 132'; 133', a motor 132; 132'; 133; 133', in particular a servomotor, which can be operated in a position-adjustable or controllable manner or in a torque-adjustable or controllable manner.

[0072] In a second construction for roller support, the pressing roller 106; 106' of the respective application unit 101; 101' can be fixed in position with its axis of rotation R106; R106' depending on the operating situation, but can also be adjusted if necessary, and the laminating roller 103; 103' and the respectively assigned metering roller 102; 102' are paired in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the corresponding pressing roller 106; 106' via a corresponding common bearing arrangement 112; 112' and / or an adjusting drive 111; 111', and in addition, the respective metering roller 102; 102' is supported so as to be adjustably via a bearing arrangement 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or an adjusting drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' along a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the respectively assigned laminating roller 103; 103'.

[0073] In a first advantageous embodiment, for adjusting the respective metering rollers 102; 102', a position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' is provided in the above-described manner, for example a bearing arrangement 112; 112'; 113; 113' formed by a three-ring bearing 113; 113' or a linear bearing 112; 112'; 113; 113' is provided on one or both sides. For adjusting the laminating rollers 103; 103' in pairs with the respective metering rollers 102; 102', a force-based adjustment drive 111; 111' can be provided in the above-described manner.

[0074] However, in a second design, in the opposite manner, the metering roller 102; 102' can be adjustable based on force, and the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 can be adjustable based on position. For this purpose, this is transferred and applied in the above-mentioned manner with corresponding corresponding schemes.

[0075] However, in the third design, the metering roller 102; 102' and the roller pairs 103, 102; 103', 102 are adjustable based on force, and in the fourth design, the metering roller 102; 102' and the roller pairs 103, 102; 103', 102 are adjustable based on position. For this purpose, this is transferred and applied in the above-mentioned manner with corresponding corresponding solutions.

[0076] In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, in order to adjust at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or at least for the swinging roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102, a combined adjustment mechanism 112; 113; 112, 113 is provided in the above manner and / or in the above embodiment, which allows the roller pair to be adjusted towards the pressing roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 based on position or force.

[0077] In a second group of embodiments of the application device 100* (see, for example, Figures 8 to 12 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the second roller 003' of the second application unit 101' or the roller of the second application unit 101' that cooperates with the second roller 103' directly or indirectly through one or more additional rollers and the second or additional roller 103 of the first application unit 101 that acts as a laminating roller 103 form a common gap 107 that acts as a double-sided lamination gap 107 in the counter-pressure portion between their shell surfaces, wherein the two laminating rollers 103; 103' that form the gap 107 between each other act as pressing rollers 103'; 103. The carrier substrate 006 can be guided through between the laminating rollers and, in particular, on both sides, can be applied with a dry film 003', 003' formed via the first and second film-forming gaps 104; 104', respectively. This arrangement of two application units 101; 101' that cooperate for simultaneous application on both sides is also referred to as a double application unit 101; 101' hereinafter.

[0078] In the corresponding application unit 101; 101', the planes formed by the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the metering roller 102; 102' and the laminating roller 103; 103' intersect at an acute angle α at most, for example, which acute angle is, for example, a maximum of 20°, advantageously a maximum of 5°, in particular 0°, so that in the case of 0°, the rotation axes R102; R103; R106; R102'; R103'; 106' of the two application units 101; 101' that cooperate in the lamination gap 107 on both sides are located in the same plane or are parallel to each other but distributed vertically offset.

[0079] In a first embodiment variant, the two planes extend in a common horizontal plane or extend horizontally, but are offset from one another vertically (see, for example, Figure 8 ).

[0080] In a second embodiment variant, which is advantageous, for example, in terms of a small wrap, the two planes extend in a common plane inclined to the horizontal plane, or in two planes inclined to the horizontal plane but offset vertically from each other. In this case, the common plane or the two offset planes are inclined to the horizontal plane, for example, at an acute angle β of 2° to 15°, in particular 3° to 10° (see, for example, Fig. 9 ).

[0081] 102 'and the second roller 103; 103 ', in an advantageous improvement, there may also be provided a calendering roller 118; 118 'of the type of additional roller 118; 118 '(see, for example Figure 8 and Fig. 9 All embodiments of the second group shown in dashed lines).

[0082] For the above-mentioned embodiment variants and embodiments, in a first construction for roller support, the first laminating roller of the two laminating rollers 103 or the other roller of the first application unit of the two application units 101 acting as a laminating roller can be supported with its rotation axis R103 in a fixed position according to the operating situation, but if necessary, it can also be adjusted, while the second laminating roller of the laminating roller 103' or the other roller acting as the second laminating roller is coupled to the corresponding metering roller 102; 102' in pairs via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and / or a common adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' along a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the corresponding pressing roller 106; 106', and in addition to this, the corresponding metering roller 102; 102' is coupled via a bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or an adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' is mounted so as to be adjustable in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the respectively assigned laminating roller 103; 103' or another roller. In the case of one or more further rollers between the metering roller 102; 102' and the roller used as laminating roller, these are also adjustable together, for example, via a common bearing arrangement 112; 112' and / or a common adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111', in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the corresponding pressing roller 106; 106'.

[0083] In a first advantageous embodiment, a position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' is provided for adjusting the respective metering roller 102; 102' in the manner and / or with the design described above. For adjusting the second laminating roller 103' in pairs with the respective metering roller 102', a force-based adjustment drive 111; 111' can be provided for force-based adjustment in the manner and / or with the design described above.

[0084] However, in a second design, in the opposite manner, the metering roller 102; 102' can be based on force regulation, while the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 can be based on position regulation. For this purpose, this is transferred and applied in the above-mentioned manner with corresponding corresponding schemes.

[0085] However, in the third design, the two rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106' can be adjusted based on force, and in the fourth design, the two rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106' can be adjusted based on position. For this purpose, this is transferred and applied in the above-mentioned manner with corresponding corresponding solutions.

[0086] In a favorable fifth design, in order to adjust at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or at least for the swinging roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 in the above-mentioned manner and / or with the above-mentioned design, a combined adjustment mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' is provided, which selectively realizes position-based adjustment of the roller pair toward the laminating roller 103'; 103 acting as the pressing roller 103'; 103 by means of a position-based adjustment drive device 109; 109', and realizes force-based adjustment by means of a force-based adjustment drive device 111; 111'.

[0087] In the following combination Fig.17 and Fig.18 In the advantageous sixth embodiment described in detail, a position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' is provided for adjusting the first gap 104; 104' of the respective metering roller 102; 102' in the manner described above and / or in the embodiments described above, and a force-based adjustment drive 111; 111' for force-based adjustment in the manner described above is provided for adjusting the second gap 107 or adjusting the closing roller 103, wherein the two metering rollers 102; 102' and the closing roller 103; 103' to be adjusted are each adjustable individually, i.e. without a paired connection. In a particularly advantageous development of this embodiment, a combined adjustment mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' is provided for adjusting at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or for adjusting the second roller 107 or adjusting the closing roller 103' in the manner described above and / or in the embodiments described above.

[0088] For all embodiments of the two groups of embodiments with jointly adjustable rollers 103'; 102'; 103; 102, these rollers can be supported on both sides in carriers 122'; 122, in particular in side parts of the frame, which in turn are supported in the frame accommodating the application unit 101; 101' via bearing arrangements 112'; 112; 113'; 113 formed by linear bearings 112'; 112; 113'; 113.

[0089] Alternatively, two jointly adjustable rollers 102; 103; 102; 102' can be supported on both sides in a carrier, in particular in a side part of the chassis, which in turn is pivotably supported about a pivot axis parallel to the first laminating roller 103; 103' supported in a fixed position (see, for example, Fig.12 ).

[0090] As already mentioned, in the corresponding application unit 101; 101', at least one further roller serving as a laminating roller and forming a laminating gap 107; 107' with the pressing roller 106; 103' can be arranged between the second roller 103; 103' and the pressing portion with the pressing roller 106; 103'.

[0091] For all embodiments of both sets of embodiments, in a particularly advantageous development, a removal device 114; 114', in particular a cleaning blade 114; 114', which is comprised by, for example, a material removal element 127; 127' and can be selectively brought into contact with and moved away from the outer surface of the first roller 102; 102' for cleaning purposes, is provided in the respective application unit 101; 101'. The removal device covers, for example, at least the width of the roller outer surface that is effective for film formation.

[0092] Alternatively or advantageously in addition, the material removal element 127; 127' in the corresponding application unit 101; 101', when viewed in parallel with the axis of the second roller 103; 103', comprises two removal devices 116; 116', in particular side edge scrapers 116; 116', which are adjustable in parallel with the axis and are or can be brought into contact with the second roller 103; 103', spaced apart from each other, by which the dry film 003; 003' conveyed by the second roller 103; 103' can be removed in the region of its side edges and can be discharged, for example, into a collecting device 117; 117'. This removal is used, for example, as so-called edge trimming to obtain a straight edge and / or a desired width b003; b003' of the dry film 003; 003'. The collected amount can, for example, be returned to the conveying section of the powder mixture 004; 004'. Such a removal device 116; 116' can also be used to remove edge strips 008; 008' which are used, for example, to determine the density of the material layer 003; 003'.

[0093] For cleaning purposes, a removal device 129; 129', in particular a cleaning scraper 129; 129', which can be brought close to and removed from the shell of the second roller 103; 103' can advantageously be provided, the removal device for example covering at least the width of the roller shell that is effective for film formation, and, if necessary, a suction removal part or collecting device (not shown) can be provided.

[0094] In order to convey or introduce the powder mixture 004; 004' into the first gap 004; 004, the above-mentioned powder conveying device 700; 700' is configured to convey powdered material, wherein, in the area of ​​the wedge-shaped portion above the gap 104; 104', i.e. in the gap 104; 104' constructed between the shell surfaces of the two rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103', in a space that is particularly wedge-shaped or triangular in profile, a filling and / or storage space 126 is preferably constructed and / or provided, which has a width extending in the axial direction of the second roller 103; 103'.

[0095] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, two boundaries 124, in particular side plates 124, spaced apart from each other and adjustable, for example, in the axially parallel direction, with respect to the first roller 102; 102' are arranged above the first gap 104; 104' in the application unit 101; 101', which respectively seal the region of the upper wedge formed between the shell surfaces of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' towards the two end faces of the application unit 101; 101', thereby forming a filling and / or storage space 126 located therebetween, preferably of variable width, for accommodating the powder mixture 004; 004'. Depending on the desired width and / or position of the dry film 003; 003', the filling and / or storage space 126 can thus be varied and / or variable in terms of the position of its lateral boundaries 124 on at least one side, preferably on both sides. As an alternative to a filling and / or storage space 126 which is directly bounded by the shell surface in the lower region, at least if this does not conflict with other design features of the application unit 101; 101' or the powder conveying device 700; 700', in principle a filling and / or storage space 126 in the form of a filling or storage funnel can also be provided, for example, similar to the introduction aid mentioned below, directly in or above the wedge.

[0096] For all the above-mentioned embodiments, variants, constructions, implementations or designs, the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or the adjustment drive device 109; 109'; 111; 111' of the first roller 102; 102' are preferably designed so that the gap width of the first gap 104; 104' is adjusted according to the operating conditions to a variable net width at the narrowest point of at least 15 μm, advantageously at least 30 μm, in particular at least 50 μm, and / or the gap width of the first gap 104; 104' is adjustable at least by the above-mentioned position-based drive mechanism 132; 132' and / or by a stop mechanism 119 on at least one side that defines the abutment position in the direction of the counter-pressure point and is adjustable in its position, i.e., for example, the above-mentioned particularly adjustable or positionable stop 119.

[0097] Alternatively or additionally thereto, the bearing arrangement 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or the adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' are advantageously designed to adjust and / or apply a linear force of, for example, at least 500 N / mm, advantageously at least 700 N / mm, preferably between 500 N / mm and 3000 N / mm, in the first gap 104; 104', at least in the region of its width which contributes to film formation, between the rollers 102; 102'; 102; 103' forming the first gap 104; 104'.

[0098] As described above, in order to shift the metering roller 102; 102' toward the second roller 103; 103', for example in the above-mentioned embodiment and / or in the above-mentioned manner, a combined adjustment mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 can be provided, which selectively realizes position-based adjustment by means of a position-based adjustment drive device 109; 109', for example in one operating mode, and realizes force-based adjustment by means of a force-based adjustment drive device 111; 111', for example in a second operating mode.

[0099] For all the above-mentioned embodiments, variants, configurations, embodiments or designs and independently of the above-mentioned embodiments of the coating device 100; 100* having a separate application unit 101; 101' with corresponding pressing rollers 106; 106' or an application unit 101; 101' with a combination of pressing rollers 103'; 103 acting on each other, in a particularly advantageous design, the metering gap 104; 104' between the first and second rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103' can be adjusted based on a position-based adjustment drive 109; 109' in the above-mentioned manner, for example, which is positionable in a specified position or position-controllable or position-adjustable, for example, positionable in terms of gap width, controllable by, for example, a control chain or adjustable by, for example, a control loop, i.e., for example, a constant and / or defined gap width 104' can be adjusted, for example positionable, controllable or adjustable, wherein the position-based adjustment is for the two rollers 102 in their working position; 103; 102'; 103', and / or the lamination gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the pressing roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 is adjustable in the above-described manner based on a force-based, e.g. force-controllable or adjustable adjustment drive 111; 111', for example, in terms of the adjustment force, for example, by a pressure regulating valve or a control section that for example includes such a pressure regulating valve or is adjustable by a control section that for example includes such a pressure regulating valve, i.e., a constant and / or defined abutment or linear force is adjusted, for example, controllable or adjustable, wherein the force-based adjustment is in particular for a defined and / or constant abutment or linear force between the two rollers 106; 106'; 103'; 103' in their working position. Just for the sake of clarification, it should be noted that the linear force or abutment force acting between the two rollers 106; 106'; 103'; 103 involved in the second gap 107; 107 does not act directly, but rather via the material guided through the gap, in the case of the film-forming gap 104; 104', for example via powdered material 004; 004' and in the case of the laminating gap 107; 107' via the product strip 002 having a dry film 007 on one or both sides.

[0100] Without limiting the above-identified embodiments, any one of the two rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' involved in the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' can in principle be adjusted by a corresponding adjustment drive device 109; 109'; 111' and / or supported on a corresponding adjustment mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' in the above-mentioned manner. This also applies to the case in which one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' involving an associated gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' is adjustably supported together with another roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' not involving this gap 104; 104'; 107; 107'.

[0101] Also, for example, independently of the above-described embodiments of the coating device 100; 100* having a separate application unit 101; 101' with corresponding pressing rollers 106; 106 or a combined application unit 101; 101' with pressing rollers 103'; 103 acting on each other, in an embodiment that is particularly advantageous with regard to optimal adjustability, the metering gap 104; 104' between the first and second rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103' of the same application unit 101; 101' and / or the lamination gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the cooperating pressing roller 106; 106; 103'; 103 is, for example, not only position-based or force-based, but also with a combined adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111', selectively, in particular in the manner described above, based on position adjustment, for example, positionable in relation to the gap width, controllable by, for example, a control chain or adjustable by, for example, a regulating loop, i.e., in, for example, one operating mode, a constant and / or defined relative position of the two rollers and / or a constant and / or defined gap width can be adjusted, for example, positionable or controllable or adjustable, or in, for example, another operating mode, based on force adjustment, for example, controllable in relation to the adjustment force by, for example, a pressure regulating valve or a control section including such a pressure regulating valve, or, for example, a control section including such a pressure regulating valve is adjustably designed, i.e., in, for example, another operating mode, a defined and / or constant abutment force or linear force can be adjusted, for example, controllable or adjustable. In particular, one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' relating to the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' is selectively supported in a position- or force-adjustable manner in a combined adjustment mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113, and / or the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' can be selectively adjusted in the above manner to a constant and / or defined gap width or a constant and / or defined contact force or linear force, in particular controllable or adjustable. It is also possible here to limit the above-defined embodiments to the fact that in principle any one of the two rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' involving the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' can be adjusted in this way by a corresponding combined adjustment drive device 109; 109'; 111; 111' and / or can be correspondingly supported on a corresponding combined adjustment mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' in the above-described manner.This also applies to rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' which involve an associated gap 104; 104'; 107; 107', and are adjustably supported in this manner together with another roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' which does not involve a gap 104; 104'; 107; 107'.

[0102] In an advantageous embodiment, the combined adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' is formed by a force-based, in particular force-controllable or adjustable adjustment drive 111; 111' with an adjustment mechanism 113; 113'; 112; 112', in the adjustment path of which a stop 119 is selectively inserted, which can be positioned, for example, by a drive and / or adjustment mechanism 145; 146. In this case, a cylinder-piston system 133 which can be operated by a pressure medium, in particular hydraulically, is preferably provided as the drive mechanism 133.

[0103] For adjustment, the first roller 102; 102' is supported adjustably via a bearing arrangement 113; 113'; 112; 112' and / or an adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111', for example, based on position or force or selectively based on position or force, in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the corresponding second roller 103; 103'. Additionally or alternatively, the closing roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 can be supported adjustably via a bearing arrangement 113; 113'; 112; 112' and / or an adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111', for example, based on position or force or selectively based on position or force, in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the second or further roller 103; 103' located therebetween.

[0104] Alternatively, the first roller 103; 103' and the corresponding second roller 102; 102' can be supported movably in pairs in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the corresponding pressing roller 106; 106' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or a common, for example position-based or force-based or selectively position-based or force-based adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111', and additionally, the corresponding first roller 102; 102' can be supported adjustably in a direction having at least one movement component towards and / or away from the corresponding second roller 103; 103' via a bearing mechanism 113; 113'; 112; 112' and / or an, for example position-based or force-based or selectively position-based or force-based adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111'.

[0105] For all the above embodiments, variants, constructions, implementations or designs, the first roller 102; 102' and the second roller 103, 103' forming the first gap 104; 104' with the first roller are driven or drivable mechanically in rotation independently of each other in opposite directions and with different circumferential speeds according to the operating conditions and / or can be driven or drivable by different drive mechanisms 148; 149, such as drive motors 148; 149, in particular servomotors with at least adjustable or controllable speed.

[0106] Here, the first roller 102; 102' runs at a lower speed, wherein the first roller 102; 102', in particular the metering roller 102; 102' and the corresponding second roller 103; 103', in particular the laminating roller 103; 103' can operate or can operate, for example, with a ratio of the circumferential speeds of the first roller and the second roller 102, 102'; 103; 103' V102 (102'): V103 (103'), which is in the range of 1:5 to 3:5, in particular 1:4, depending on the operating conditions.

[0107] The rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' which form a second gap 107; 107' with each other are preferably driven or drivable mechanically independently of each other at the same circumferential speed by a common drive motor 148, in particular a servo motor, or preferably by different drive motors 148, in particular servo motors 148, depending on the operating conditions.

[0108] In an advantageous embodiment, the mechanically independent drive motors 148; 149 can be operated by a drive controller via an electronic, in particular virtual, control console.

[0109] An improvement is particularly advantageous in which the first roller 102; 102' in its shell area that contributes to film formation has a surface that repels material more with respect to the powder mixture and / or a shell surface with less good bonding effect than the second roller 103; 103' in its shell area that contributes to film formation.

[0110] At least the second roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' can have a polished and / or chrome-plated or ceramic-coated surface at least in its shell area that contributes to film formation. The first roller 102; 102' can have a structured or material-repelling surface at least in its side area that contributes to film formation.

[0111] For all the above-mentioned embodiments, variants, constructions, implementations or designs, the first and / or second roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' can be temperature-controlled, in particular heated, preferably so that its shell surface - for example at an ambient temperature of 25°C - can be heated to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120°C.

[0112] Alternatively or preferably in addition to this, the rollers 106; 106'; 103; 103 of the first group of embodiments which act only as pressing rollers 106; 106'; 103 can also be temperature-controlled, in particular heated, preferably in such a way that their shell surfaces can be heated to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120°C, for example at an ambient temperature of 25°C.

[0113] The temperature control or heating can be realized in principle electrically, but here in an advantageous embodiment, it is realized by flowing a temperature control or heating fluid through the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' to be temperature controlled. In this case, the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' to be temperature controlled have a temperature control fluid, for example correspondingly temperature controlled water, introduced into or discharged from the relevant rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' via temperature control lines 134 and, for example, a rotating through-conductor.

[0114] For all of the above-described embodiments, variants, configurations, embodiments or designs, the two application units 101; 101', together with one or more substrate guide elements 121, which are arranged directly in front, behind or between them, are supported in a common or possibly multi-part frame 128, for example on two end frame walls 131 of the same or possibly multi-part frame 128. In the case of a common frame 128 with multi-part frame walls 131, a particularly rigid arrangement of the application units 101; 101' in a laminating unit 100; 100* designed as an assembly 100; 100*, for example a laminating assembly 100; 100*, can be provided.

[0115] If a calendering unit 600; 600*, for example as described below and also referred to as calendering unit 600, 600*, is to be arranged in the substrate path, for example directly downstream of the laminating unit 100; 100*, the rollers 601; 601'; 602; 602* surrounded by the calendering unit 600; 600* can also be supported in this frame 603 in an improved embodiment or, for example as a separate assembly 600; 600*, for example a calendering unit 600; 600*, in a side wall of a separate frame 603 which is arranged directly on and / or above the frame 128 carrying the application unit 101; 101'.

[0116] In the machine, for example Fig.15 and Fig.16 In the embodiment shown in , the machine is optionally longer, but the risk of vibration transmission between the units 100; 100*; 600; 600*, in particular at least the laminating unit 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600; 600*, is reduced, the laminating unit 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600 arranged therein being arranged horizontally next to each other, preferably completely in separate frames 128; 603, which are separated from each other, for example in terms of vibration technology. Figure 3 , Fig.10 , Fig.15 and / or Fig.16 In a variant not shown, the calendering assembly 600; 600* can also be omitted.

[0117] For example, Fig.15 and Fig.16The calendering assembly 600; 600* shown in the drawing or the calendering additionally arranged downstream after the application of the dry film 003; 003* is not mandatory and can also be completely omitted in another embodiment of the machine for coating. In the latter case, the calendering can be completely omitted or can be performed or can be performed in a separate process and / or in a separate, for example, second machine. In this case, the second machine can include, for example, a substrate unwinder on the input side, from which the web-shaped intermediate product 002 can be unwound and guided along the substrate path through at least one calendering unit 600 to a reel on the output side or via a cross-cutting device to a delivery device.

[0118] In principle, independently of, but advantageously in combination with, one of the above-mentioned embodiments, variants, constructions, implementations or designs of the application unit 101; 101' and / or the coating device 100; 100* and / or the machine construction, the frame 128 of the coating device 100; 100* for coating is designed as a multi-piece in a particularly advantageous embodiment (see, for example, Fig.17 , Fig.18 , Fig.19 , Fig. 20 and Fig.21). In this case, at least two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 of the application unit 101; 101' are in an advantageous embodiment at least two rollers 103; 103'; 106 which form a lamination gap 107; 107' with each other and / or act as pressing rollers 103; 103'; 106 with each other are supported on both sides in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of two different sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, the rollers being arranged in their relative position perpendicularly to the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106 of at least one of the two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106; The adjustment directions of extension R106' are positionally variable relative to one another in such a way that the distance between the roller shell surfaces or the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106; R106' and / or between the shell surfaces of two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106, for example, the contact force acting by a carrier substrate 006 applied or coated on at least one side or by a powdered material 004; 004' can be changed or adjusted. Here, in a preferred variant, one of the two sub-racks 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 is arranged fixedly relative to the rack, for example on a placement surface of the coating device 100; 100* or in or on a superior rack structure 145, for example a base plate 145, and the other sub-rack of the adjacent sub-rack 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 is adjustable via a bearing mechanism 112; 113 within at least one adjustment range along the relevant adjustment direction, and in another variant, one sub-rack and the other sub-rack of the adjacent sub-racks 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are adjustable along the adjustment direction. The subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in particular each comprise two frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4, which are rigidly connected to one another, although if necessary detachable, by one or more transverse connecting elements, for example one or more crossbeams 136; 137. Thus, the subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 adjustable in the above manner can be moved as a whole together with the roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 or rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 supporting them.

[0119] In the above-described embodiment of the application unit 101 that applies only to one side, i.e., having the first roller 102, such as a metering roller 102, the second roller 103, such as a laminating roller 103, and a consolidation roller 106, in a first, not shown, embodiment variant, for example, the first and second rollers 102; 103 can be supported together in or on the frame wall 131.1 of the first sub-frame 128.1, and the consolidation roller 106 can be supported in or on the frame wall 131.2 of the second sub-frame 128.2. For this purpose, for example, the first roller 102 in or on the first sub-frame 128.1 is adjustably supported in a force-based manner, such as force-definedly, force-controllably or force-adjustably and / or position-based, such as positionably, position-controllably or position-adjustably, in terms of its abutting force or in terms of its distance from the second roller 103, by means of the above-described adjustment mechanisms 109; 111 (wherein the "and" variant in the "and / or" expression represents a combined adjustment drive that is selectively adjustable based on force or based on position). In an alternative variant, for example, the second roller 102; 103 and the consolidation roller 106 are supported in or on the frame wall 131.1 of the first sub-frame 128.1, and the first roller 102, such as a metering roller 102, is supported on the frame wall 131.3 of a separate sub-frame 128.3. For this purpose, for example, the consolidation roller 106 in or on the first sub-frame 128.1 is adjustably supported at a distance from the second roller 103 based on force, such as force-definedly, force-controllably or force-adjustably and / or based on position, such as positionably, position-controllably or position-adjustably, by means of the above-described adjustment devices 109; 111.

[0120] In the above-described embodiment of the application unit 101 that is only used for single-sided coating, the first, second, and consolidation rollers 102; 103; 106 are supported in or on the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3 of their respective sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3. Here, for example, one of the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3, preferably the sub-frame 128.2 that carries the second roller 103, is arranged fixed relative to space or the frame, while the other two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3 are supported movably relative to this sub-frame in the adjustment direction. For example, in Fig.18 For this embodiment, for example, the right sub-frame 128.4 having the frame wall 131.4 and the roller 102' is omitted, and in, the roller 103' is designed as the consolidation roller 106.

[0121] In the preferred embodiment of the application units 101; 101' that are used for simultaneous application on both sides, such as the application units 101; 101', and for example in Figures 8 to 12 and Fig.15 、 Fig.16 as well as Fig.17 and Fig.18 In the embodiment shown in the figure, in a first variant not shown, two pairs of rollers consisting of a metering roller and a laminating roller 102; 103; 102'; 103' can be supported in pairs in each sub-frame 128.1; 128.2, wherein the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2 are positionally variable relative to each other in such a way that the distance between the rotation axes R103; R103' of the two rollers 103; 103' forming the laminating gap 107 with each other and / or the contact forces acting indirectly or directly between the shell surfaces can be changed. In this case, one of the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2 can be supported fixedly relative to the space or the frame, while the other sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 can be supported movably in the adjustment direction. The metering roller 102; 102' is supported, for example in the corresponding sub-frame 128.1; 128.2, by the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism 109; 111 so that the distance from the adjacent laminating roller 103 can be adjusted based on force, for example force-limited, force-controllable or force-adjustable and / or based on position, for example positionable, position-controllable or position-adjustable. In an alternative variant, also not shown, a pair of rollers 103, 103' forming the lamination gap 107; 107' can be supported in a first common sub-frame 128.1, and the two metering rollers 102; 102' can each be supported in its own sub-frame 128.3; 128.4, wherein the first sub-frame 128.2 is, for example, fixed relative to the space or the frame, and the other two sub-frames 128.3; 128.4 can be moved relative to the first sub-frame 128.1 in such a way that: in the above-mentioned manner, the distance between the rotation axes R102; 103; 102'; 103' of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and / or the contact forces acting indirectly or directly between the shell surfaces can be changed. Here, one of the laminating rollers 103; 103' can be supported at a distance from the other laminating roller 103 by the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism 109; 111 based on force, for example force-limited, force-controllable or force-adjustable, and / or based on position, for example positionable, position-controllable or position-adjustable.

[0122] However, in a preferred embodiment of the application unit 101; 101' as a double application unit 101; 101' for simultaneous application on both sides, all four or, for example, all rollers 102; 103, 102'; 103' in the case of additional intermediate rollers are supported in a frame wall 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of a respective sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4. Here, for example, one of the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, preferably the second sub-frame 128.1 or the sub-frame carrying the laminating roller 103, in particular the laminating roller 103 of the first application unit 101 is arranged fixedly relative to the space or the frame, and the remaining sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are preferably supported perpendicularly to the laminating roller 103; 103', in particular the rotation axis R103; R103' of the laminating roller 103 fixedly supported relative to the space or the frame and / or along a horizontally extending adjustment direction.

[0123] Preferably, at least the roller 103 of the first application unit 101 that follows upstream in relation to the material flow and / or the first roller 102 that participates in forming the second gap 107; 107' is supported in or on a third sub-frame 128.3, and the third sub-frame can be shifted along an adjustment direction perpendicular to the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106; R106' of at least the roller 103 of the first application unit 101 that participates in forming the second gap 107. In the case of a double application unit 101; 101', in a preferred embodiment, additionally, a laminating roller 103' of the second application unit 101', which participates in forming the second gap 107; 107' relative to the first application unit 101' and follows upstream with respect to the material flow, in particular the first roller 102, is supported in or on a fourth sub-frame 128.4, which is movable along an adjustment direction extending at least perpendicularly to the rotation axis R103 of the roller 103 supported in or on a sub-frame 128.1 fixed relative to the space or the frame.

[0124] For all the above-mentioned embodiments with movable sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, these sub-frames are preferably movable on linear guides 112; 112', which can be provided with their own guide segments 138, for example rails 138, for each movable sub-frame 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, or with continuous guides 138 or rails 138 for two or more movable adjacent sub-frames 128.2; 128.4. The sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can have support feet 139 that are designed on the bottom side corresponding to the guide segments 138 or guides 138 and, for example, include sliding bodies or rolling bodies.

[0125] Rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 can in principle be supported in a torsionally fixed manner on the corresponding shafts in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of the corresponding sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, via corresponding bearings 151 or advantageously, for example, as in Figures 17 to 21 As can be seen in the figure, the bearing 151 is rotatably supported by a journal at the end, in particular a radial bearing 151, which is in turn arranged in or on the relevant frame wall 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4.

[0126] In this preferred embodiment, the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, which are arranged adjacent to each other and can be moved relative to each other, can be moved towards each other in the adjustment direction, in particular can be clamped, and can be moved away from each other or at least released again on each frame side via at least one drive mechanism 132; 132'; 133; 133', in particular via at least one adjustment device 141 comprising a drive mechanism 132; 132'; 133; 133' and, if necessary, via other mechanisms for transmitting adjustment movements or adjustment forces, preferably via two or at least two adjustment devices 141, in particular a traction device 141, for example in the form of a clamping device 141, so as to be movable towards each other, in particular can be clamped, and can be moved away from each other or at least released again. Here, the traction device 141 can be designed so that not only the above-mentioned traction force can be applied through the traction device, but also, if necessary, a force pointing in the opposite direction and / or moving the sub-racks 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 away from each other, for example a thrust acting between the sub-racks 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be applied. Here, the mutually facing sides of adjacent and relatively movable sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are constructed corresponding to each other, for example, in such a way that adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103'; 106 carried by the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are moved with their active shell surfaces into the relative position desired for operation, for example when the stop mechanism 119 is adjusted accordingly, wherein, if necessary, a desired gap width or a gap width adjusted based on the load is present.

[0127] In an advantageous embodiment of the application unit 101; 101' having a multi-part sub-frame 128, at least one adjustment drive device 109; 109' which realizes adjustment, for example change, of the position and / or the contact force between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and includes a drive mechanism 132; 133 is designed in a position-based manner, for example positionable, position-controllable or position-adjustable, or in a particularly advantageous embodiment, can optionally operate in a position-based manner, for example force-limited, force-controllable or force-adjustable, or in a position-based manner, for example positionable, position-controllable or position-adjustable.

[0128] Here, for example, as a drive mechanism 133, there is provided a drive mechanism 133 which is coupled to a sub-frame 128.3; 128.4 carrying a first roller 102; 102' and a sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 carrying a second roller 103; 103'; 106 and is operable or operable based on force, in particular operable or operable in a force-controllable or force-adjustable manner, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 loadable with a pressure fluid, in particular hydraulically, and at least one sub-frame 128.3; 128.4 carrying a first roller 102; 102' and a sub-frame 128.1 carrying a second roller 103; 103'; 106; 128.2 and, for example, adjustable or controllable by means of an adjustment and / or drive mechanism 146 and / or by means of an adjustment motor, in terms of its stop effect, for example, controllable or adjustable, which can be introduced into the adjustment stroke, for example, selectively and / or in a manner that more or less defines the stroke. In principle, any preferably adjustable stop mechanism 119 can be provided as a stop mechanism 119, by means of which the contact movement between two associated sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be defined and preferably adjusted in relation to the end position. This can be, for example, one or more stops 119 based on corresponding threads, which can be moved, in particular rotatable, manually or by means of a remotely operated adjustment and / or drive mechanism 146, if necessary, by means of a transmission and / or by means of an adjustment motor to a desired position. In this preferred embodiment, as stop means 119, stop means 119 based on a wedge drive, for example, strips which are wedge-shaped in opposite directions, which cooperate with opposite sides in pairs and have a thickness which varies in opposite directions, are provided. For adjustment, it is sufficient that, for example, one of the wedge-shaped strips is displaced or displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the pair of strips relative to the other strip by a suitable adjustment and / or drive mechanism 146, for example a motor-driven adjustment drive 146, for example consisting of a screw drive, or a motor-driven toothed rack. With such a stop means 119, a very sensitive change of the end position to be defined by the stop means 119 can be achieved with a large length of the cooperating side faces and a small gradient in thickness.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, at least one adjustment drive device 109; 109' which realizes a change and / or abutment force between the two rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' forming the second roller gap 107; 107' and includes a drive mechanism 132; 133 is designed based on force or, in a particularly preferred embodiment, can be operated optionally based on force or based on position. Here, for example, provided as the drive mechanism 133 are a drive mechanism 133 which indirectly or directly engages two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2 forming the second roller 107; 107' therebetween and operates or can be operated based on force, in particular in a force-controllable or force-adjustable manner, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 loadable with a pressure fluid, preferably hydraulically, and at least one stop mechanism 119 acting between the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2 and adjustable by means of a control and / or drive mechanism 146. The stop mechanism 119 can be designed in the above-described manner or in a manner different therefrom, but with regard to its stop effect it can be at least adjusted, for example controllable or adjustable.

[0130] The drive mechanism 133 can be connected to the two adjacent subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in that, on the one hand, one active end of each of the drive mechanisms 132; 133, for example, a piston or a piston rod 142 of a cylinder-piston system 132; 133 loadable by a pressure fluid, in particular hydraulically, and / or on the other hand, one end of the cylinder, for example, is directly connected to the corresponding subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4. However, the connection can also be indirect, for example, via another mechanism that transmits the adjustment movement and / or adjustment force, for example, a one-piece or multi-piece transmission element that extends or extends the piston or piston rod 142 on the one hand and / or, if necessary, the cylinder on the other hand, and can withstand traction and / or thrust loads, for example in the form of a pull rod and / or a push rod. Here, the corresponding connection of the adjustment device 141 including the drive mechanism 133 or directly the drive mechanism 133 itself, for example, via a push plate and / or a pull plate 143; 144, determines the engagement surface for the action of the drive mechanism 132; 133 in this sense. Preferably, the two active ends of the adjustment device 141 or the drive mechanism 133 included therein are connected to the corresponding subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 not only in a tensile manner, but also in a compressive manner, as seen in the adjustment direction. In addition to approaching each other, this also enables active distance from each other.

[0131] In a preferred embodiment, between each two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, at least one adjustment device 141 including a drive mechanism 132; 133 and realizing a relative adjustment movement and / or traction force between the two sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular the above-mentioned traction device 141, for example in the form of a clamping device 141, engages the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in such a way that the adjustment device engages the two rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or the adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, and the relative position and / or the contact force are maintained constant by a force directed towards each other, and if necessary, against a force directed in the opposite direction to the direction of adjustment caused by the powdered material 004 or the coated carrier substrate 006, except for different provisions regarding the relative position and / or the contact force to be maintained. That is, a traction force can be introduced between the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 by a drive mechanism 132 that is adjustable or controllable or adjustable, for example based on position or force, which adjusts the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 or the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' to the desired gap width or to the desired contact force, if necessary, moves them against an opposing force caused by the material 004 or keeps them at such a force. Compared to applying a pure thrust from the outside to one of the two rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, the advantage is that the abutment force acts only on the relevant roller gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' and force is additionally and uncontrolled applied to an adjacent, further, for example, second gap 107; 107' viewed in the adjustment direction, for example by squeezing the other roller 103'; 106 by the second roller 103.At least one drive mechanism 132 or an adjustment device 141 including a drive mechanism 132 engages mutually adjacent rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' or sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 with its two active sides or active ends, in particular in such a way that: in order to adjust the relevant gaps 104; 104'; 107 between adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103', the adjustment device applies adjustment forces towards each other to these rollers or their sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, that is, the traction force causing the movement and / or contact force is introduced between the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, which brings about the above-mentioned advantages.

[0132] Thus, in the solution proposed here, between two or each two adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, one or more adjustment devices 141 with a drive mechanism 132; 133 engage the adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 with their respective active ends, i.e. the ends of the drive mechanism 132; 133 or the adjustment device 141 which can be changed by a certain distance from each other and / or a traction force applied between them, and for example, for position-based or force-based adjustment, the traction force that realizes the relative movement between the sub-frames and / or the contact force between the rollers is introduced between the two adjacent sub-frames through the adjustment device, so that the adjustment device 141 or the drive mechanism 132; 133 moves the two rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 In order to bring them closer together, for example based on a position or based on a force adjustment.

[0133] In accordance with Figures 17 to 21 In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to adjust the first and second gaps 104; 104'; 107; 107', a drive mechanism 133 that operates or can be operated based on force, in particular in a force-controllable or force-adjustable manner, and / or a drive mechanism 133 that is designed as a cylinder-piston system 133 that can be loaded with a pressure fluid, in particular hydraulically, is preferably provided. Such a cylinder-piston system 133 is preferably constructed or designed so that a force of at least 20 kN, preferably at least 50 kN, can be loaded in the relevant roll gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' through the cylinder-piston system. Preferably, at least two such cylinder-piston systems 133 that act between two adjacent sub-frames are provided on each frame side, wherein, through the integrity of these systems, for example, a force or a linear force can be applied.

[0134] Rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 can in principle be supported in a rotationally fixed manner on the corresponding shafts in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of the corresponding sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, or advantageously, for example, as in Figures 17 to 21 As shown in the figure, the roller journal at the end is rotatably supported in a bearing 151 designed as a radial bearing 151, wherein the bearing 151 is in turn arranged or disposed in or on the relevant frame wall 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4. In both cases, viewed in the axial direction, the roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 or its roller journal or shaft is effectively supported radially over a width b151 of the bearing 151, which is determined by one or more rows of bearing elements supporting the roller journal or shaft toward the relevant subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4. In the case of a rotatable radial bearing 151, this can be one or more rows of rolling elements or sliding surfaces arranged in the circumferential direction. In this case, the effective support width b151 is generated by the distance between the two outer edges of a single row of bearing elements or two outer rows of bearing elements.

[0135] In an embodiment which is particularly advantageous, for example with regard to the smallest possible deformation, on two or each two adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 which can be varied in terms of the distance between each other and / or the contact force between each other, the adjustment device 141 engages with its two active ends which can be varied in distance from each other in such a way that a same plane G extending perpendicularly to the axis of rotation R102; R103; R102'; R103' of at least one sub-frame supported in the two adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular extending within the width of the frame wall, at least with respect to the rollers 102; 103; 102'; supported in the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4. 103'; 106; 106', respectively, intersects the effective support width b151, viewed in the axial direction, and also intersects the joint surface of the corresponding subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, which is formed in the area of ​​the active end, for example, the push and / or traction plate 143; 144, which is supported on the relevant subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 or fixed thereto, for example, at the end side of the adjustment device 141, and in particular the entire working cross section, that is, the effective piston or cylinder inner cross section in the cylinder of the drive mechanism 133, for example, formed by the cylinder-piston system 133. This ensures that the traction stress acts in the alignment of the support and avoids tilting in the bearing 151 caused by the traction stress.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment, for all of the application units 101; 101' or the double application units 101; 101', embodiments are described in combination with the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, wherein the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106'; 106' are arranged relative to each other at least in the operating position in such a way that their rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' intersect the same connecting straight line in at least one radial directrix.

[0137] For a force-based drive 133 or adjustment drive 133, the force applied by the drive 133 is preferably adjustable, in particular controllable or adjustable. In the case of a cylinder-piston system 133 using a pressure fluid, for example compressed air or preferably a pressure fluid (for example oil under overpressure), the pressure of the pressure fluid provided by the pressure source is adjustable, in particular controllable or adjustable, at least within the adjustment range required for operation, for example via a pressure control valve or a pump which can be controlled or regulated with respect to the pressure to be provided on the output side.

[0138] In the case of a force-controlled or controllable or regulated second roller gap 107; 107' and a position-controlled or regulated, controlled or regulated first roller gap 104; 104', at least the corresponding first roller 102; 102' or its subframe 131.3; 131.4 is not fixed in position in the adjustment direction within the scope of production operation, but is movable or freely supported at least within an adjustment range of, for example, at least ±5 µm. As a result, the first roller 102; 102' can be moved forward if the distance d104; d104' between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 102' fluctuates due to possible slight fluctuations in the material density.

[0139] In principle, independently of, but in combination with, one of the above-mentioned designs, variants, constructions, embodiments or improvements of the application unit 101; 101' and / or the coating device 100; 100* and / or the machine structure and / or the frame 128, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' are supported or can be supported with their rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; R102'; R103; R102'; R103' generally or in at least one operating condition, tilted to each other, i.e. non-parallel (see, for example, Fig. 22 Here, however, the axes of rotation preferably extend in two parallel planes.

[0140] If such a bearing is generally implemented without the possibility of variation, an inclined arrangement is already conceivable when the bearing 151 is arranged in a one-piece or multi-piece machine frame 128 . 1 , 128 . 2 , 128 . 3 , 128 . 4 .

[0141] However, the rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; R103' are preferably tiltable towards each other, ie can be tilted from a parallel position to opposite or different tilt angles α. Here, for example, one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103', in particular the second roller 103, 103', is fixed in space in the distribution of its R102; R102', R103; R103' orientation in space depending on the operating situation, although the rollers can be moved parallel in space without changing the inclination, while another roller of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103', in particular the first roller 102; 102', is supported so that its rotation axis R102; R102' is tilted relative to its rotation axis R102; 102'; 103; 103' orientation in space and / or relative to the direction of the rotation axis R103; R103'; R102; R102' of another roller 103; 103';102; 102', in particular the second roller 103; 103'. The pivoting here preferably takes place about an actual or imaginary pivot axis which, for example, is located in a plane comprising the rotation axes R102; R102'; R103; R103' of the two rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and / or preferably extends perpendicularly to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and / or intersects their rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103'.

[0142] This tilting can in principle be achieved directly by a special design of the bearing for accommodating the tiltable roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' in the frame 128. Thus, for example, a bearing 151, for example a bearing 151 comprising an eccentric, can be provided on at least one side, preferably on both sides, by means of which the radial position of the relevant axis of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103' in the bearing 151 can be varied. Alternatively, a radially movable bearing can be provided on the frame 128 on one side or preferably on both sides, by means of which the bearing location in question can be radially varied.

[0143] Preferably, the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' of the same application unit 101; 101' are supported in or on different sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, for example on the first and / or second application unit 101; 101', according to the embodiments of the multiple sub-frames 128 described above or below, for example, wherein one of the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, preferably the sub-frame 128.3; 128.4 carrying the first roller 102; 102' is generally, that is, connected to the corresponding frame walls 131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4, one or more crossbeams 136; 137 and the rollers 102; 103; 102' supported therein; 103 'together, about a pivot axis S perpendicular to its axis of rotation R102; R103; R102'; R103' extending and at least in the roller 102; 103; 102'; 103' of the maximum effective width of the roller intersecting with the pivot axis S can be pivoted (see for example Fig.17 , Fig.18 , Fig.19 , Fig.21 and Fig.23 ).

[0144] In an advantageous embodiment, the pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 is supported on at least two support locations 153 spaced apart from each other on arcs K extending in the circumferential direction about the pivot axis S, wherein the support portions are at a radius R S The inner portion is located on an arc K extending around the pivot axis S and / or determining the position of the pivot axis S (see for example Fig.23 The bearing point 153 is formed, for example, by a sliding body or preferably a rolling element 153, for example a roller, which is arranged in two spaced-apart bearing seats 147. The roller can rotate about an axis parallel to the pivot axis S. The radius R of the arc K S For example, greater than half of the entire maximum available width of the roller 102; 103; 102'; 103' pivoted together with the subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4. This enables a large adjustment stroke to be achieved for minimal tilt changes.

[0145] The bearing seat 147 is supported, for example, on a guide 138 extending perpendicularly to the rotation axis R102; R103, R102'; R103' of the roller 102; 103; 102'; 103' supported by a pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 and on which it, together with the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 supported thereon, can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis R102; R103, R102'; R103'.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment, the bearing 153 for supporting the pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 cooperates with a bearing surface 154 facing the bearing 153, the bearing 153 being arranged in the lower region of the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular in the region of the lower end of at least one of the two associated frame walls 131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4, and / or having a surface supported on at least one bearing 153, which surface has a contour that is curved in the shape of a circular arc at least in the adjustment range, at least in the circumferential direction of the arc K. The radius of curvature preferably corresponds to the above-mentioned radius R S .

[0147] In principle, the pivoting can be effected manually, but preferably a drive mechanism, in particular one which can be remotely operated, is used, by means of which the relevant sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be pivoted.

[0148] The pivot angle or inclination angle α is, for example, an angle between 0.1° and 2.0°, in particular between 0.5° and 1.5°, preferably 1.0°. The adjustment range of the pivoting can then be, for example, from 0° to at least 1°, advantageously from 0° to at least 1.5°, or even from 0° to 2.0° or possibly a larger range.

[0149] The above contents concerning the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 pivotable about the pivot axis S apply to all embodiments proposed for the dividing frame 128; 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4, but with the proviso that a simple sub-frame 128.1; 128.3, i.e. a first or second roller 102; 103 of an application unit 101 for single-sided application, in particular a simple first roller 102, or a double application unit 101; 101' having two application units 101; 101', a first or second roller 102; 103 of which is arranged for single-sided application, or a sub-frame 128.1; 128.3; 128.2; 128.4 pivotable in the manner described above and advantageously provided with the above-mentioned mechanism.

[0150] Regardless of whether the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' are pivoted together with or not with the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, the pivot axis S is preferably located in the plane of the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and / or extends at least perpendicularly to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the pivotable rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103', advantageously perpendicularly to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103', and / or at least perpendicularly to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the pivotable rollers 102; 103; The rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the pivotable roller 102; 102'; 103' intersects advantageously with the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'. The pivot axis S of the pivotable roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' advantageously intersects with the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the pivotable roller 102; 103; 102'; 103', advantageously with the rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; 103'. The first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103', R103', are preferably spaced apart from the center in a middle region, i.e., for example, at most 15% of the available length, or intersect in particular at the center level of the maximum available roller width. In the preferred embodiment shown, the pivoting movement of the axis of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103' takes place in a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis S, which plane does not move in the direction of the pivot axis during the pivoting and / or the pivot axis does not change its position in space. This makes it possible to pivot independently of the contact and separation and vice versa.

[0151] In a preferred embodiment, for all designs of the application unit work piece 101; 101' or the double application unit work piece 101; 101' described in conjunction with the subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 are arranged relative to each other at least in the operating position so that the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106 of these rollers intersect in at least one radial directrix along the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R106 with the same connecting straight line, which extends in particular horizontally here. In the case of one or more inclined rollers 102; 103; 102'; 102, 103'; 106; 106', this connecting straight line coincides, for example, with the corresponding pivot axis S. In the case where the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103; 103', 106 are not tilted, the axes of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103'; R106 are advantageously arranged parallel to each other and even in the same plane, which extends in particular horizontally, as has already been explained in the above-described embodiment variants.

[0152] For all the above-mentioned embodiments, variants, configurations, embodiments or designs, at least the adjustment drive 109; 109'; 111; 111' of the rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' forming the second gap 107; 107' and / or the bearing means 112; 112'; 113; 113' surrounded by them are preferably designed to form a gap width of at least 15 μm, advantageously at least 30 μm, in particular at least 50 μm at the narrowest point, depending on the operating conditions, and / or to form a product strip 002; 002' to be formed between the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' and / or by at least one adjustment mechanism 112; 112' and / or at least one adjustment drive 109; 109', and / or in the second gap 107; 107', at least in the region of its width that contributes to film formation and / or film application, between the rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' forming the second gap 107; 107', a linear force of, for example, at least 500 N / mm, advantageously at least 700 N / mm, preferably between 500 N / mm and 3000 N / mm is adjusted and / or a desired linear force is kept constant even if the dry film thickness fluctuates, for example by autonomous or regulated tracking of at least one of the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103'. Autonomous tracking, in contrast to tracking regulated via a control loop, is, for example, tracking that is performed by a preferably force-adjustable, in particular force-controllable or force-adjustable drive or the force it exerts itself and does not require post-regulation via an additional control loop.

[0153] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, constructions, embodiments or designs, in a particularly advantageous development, a suction outlet 123; 123' is provided above the corresponding application unit 101; 101' or multiple application units 101; 101', through which the dissipated gas or the generated vapor can be sucked out if necessary.

[0154] The rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' of the above-mentioned application unit 101; 101' are preferably designed with a width that can be used for film formation and / or application in the range of 400 mm to 800 mm, in particular 500 mm to 700 mm.

[0155] A machine for producing a multilayer product, in particular in an in-line process (see for example Figure 3 , Fig.10 , Fig.15 or Fig.16), which has the above-mentioned dry film 003 formed by the powder mixture on at least one side of the carrier substrate 006; 003', preferably includes: a substrate conveying section 200, through which the carrier material 006 can be conveyed to the machine on the input side; a first substrate path segment 300, through which the carrier substrate 006 is conveyed to the application stage 100; 100*, for applying the dry film 003; 003' on at least one side of the carrier substrate 006; and a second substrate path segment 400, through which the carrier substrate 006 provided with the dry film 003 on at least one side of the carrier substrate 006 can be conveyed to the product receiving section 500, through which the products can be assembled into a product assembly, such as a roll or a stack.

[0156] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the application phase 100; 100* is implemented in the above-described embodiments, designs, configurations, implementations or variants of the above-described apparatus 100; 100*. Figure 3 The application phase 100 shown as an example in FIG. 1 may be used in all embodiments, modifications, configurations, embodiments or variations of the first group of embodiments, and in place of Fig.10 , Fig.15 and Fig.16 The application phase 100* shown in FIG. 1 employs all embodiments of the second group. Fig.15 and Fig.16 101 'In the embodiment shown in, as a variant, it is also possible to use an embodiment, design, configuration, implementation or modification of the first group for the application stage 100, ie, having a separate application device 101; 101 '

[0157] In an advantageous embodiment, the substrate transport 200 is formed by a substrate unwinder 200, in particular a reel changer 200, preferably a reel changer 200 comprising a plurality of roller positions and / or suitable for uninterrupted reel change. Advantageously, it can be a substrate guide element 202 designed as a motor-driven roller 202, in particular a traction roller 202, and / or a substrate guide element 203, for example in the form of a pull rod, which is, for example, an oscillating roller 203 that is elastically biased or deflected with force transversely to the substrate path on a rod or guide.

[0158] The carrier substrate web 006 is unwound on a substrate unwinder 200 and, in the unwound position, is conveyed on the input side to a substrate path leading through the machine.

[0159] In the case of a traction roller 202 included in the substrate unwinder and, for example, structurally assigned thereto (see, for example, Figure 3 or Fig.10), the traction roller can be comprised by a traction mechanism 207, in particular a pull-in mechanism 207, which for example comprises, in addition to the traction roller 202, a drive mechanism, in particular a drive motor, which is driven independently of the other traction rollers and can be regulated and / or controlled in terms of speed, for example in the form of a servomotor, and / or a pressure roller which can be pressed against the traction roller 202, to adjust an increased friction force. Depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements existing before and after the roller 202, the roller 202 or the drive mechanism can also be operated or operable in a generator-like manner or to inhibit the advancement of the carrier substrate web 006, in order to establish or maintain a certain and / or desired web tension, for example in the following substrate path segment 300 and, for example, extending up to the next clamping or web pulling point or in a part of the substrate path segment 300 formed by the subsequent substrate path segment.

[0160] For example, a substrate guide element 208; 307 can be constructed in the substrate path as a measuring roller 208, for example a web tension measuring roller 208; 307 (as an example of all embodiments, for example in Fig.16 308; 401; 502, in particular motor-driven web guiding elements 202; 308; 401; 502, for example, are measured via the measuring roller, e.g. the web tension or at least a parameter representing the web tension, so that it can be used, for example, to adjust the web tension, e.g. via the transport speed of the individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guiding elements 202; 308; 401; 502.

[0161] The substrate transport device 200 designed as a roll changer 200 advantageously comprises a roller drive which is mechanically independent from the rest of the machine and / or driven by a single motor and / or lifting device to assist the roll loading and / or roll unloading process.

[0162] In an advantageous embodiment, also in the substrate path section of the substrate transport section 200 and / or in the following first substrate path 300, a device 204 for cross-web edge control can be provided (as an example for all embodiments, for example in Fig.15 ) in particular sensor means for detecting the edge of the web, and adjustment means for achieving a lateral displacement of the supporting substrate, for example, around a direction perpendicular to the transport direction T S In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the web edge controller 204 is combined with a gluing device 206 , such as a gluing station 206 .

[0163] Alternatively or additionally, in an advantageous embodiment, a spreading device, in particular a single-piece or multi-piece web guiding element with a convex shell surface, is provided in a substrate path section of the substrate transport device 200 and / or in the first substrate path 300 .

[0164] In an advantageous development, a single-piece or multi-piece pre-treatment station 302, in particular a cleaning and / or deionization station 302, is provided in the first substrate path 300, by means of which surface impurities, such as dust or cutting residues and / or charge carriers, are or can be removed from the carrier substrate 006 on one or both sides in a contactless or contact method.

[0165] In the first substrate path 300, in particular downstream of the cleaning that may be provided, a measuring station 303 is advantageously provided, in particular with a sound- or radiation-based measuring device 303, by means of which the material thickness of the carrier material 006 is checked with regard to its thickness and / or thickness uniformity and / or impurity content and, for example, optical and / or acoustic warning signals and / or error signals are transmitted to a machine controller and / or a control center if there are inadmissible deviations from target specifications.

[0166] For all embodiments of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, in the substrate path section which structurally corresponds to the reel changer 200 and / or in the following substrate path section of the first substrate path 300, a substrate guide element 208 can be provided; 307 as a measuring roller 307 (as an example for all embodiments as in Fig.15 and Fig.16 ), by means of which the web tension can be determined, for example, so that the transport speed of the web, for example through the individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-force-driven web guiding elements 202; 308; 401; 502, can be used, for example, to adjust the web tension. In this case, only one of the two measuring rollers 208; 307 or advantageously both measuring rollers 208; 307 can be provided, in the latter case, for example, the downstream measuring roller 307 is used to determine and / or adjust the web tension in the web path section before the first or only application point as follows.

[0167] In an advantageous development, a pretreatment station 304 designed as an application station 304 is provided in the first substrate path 300, for example, by means of which adhesive and / or primer can be applied to the carrier material 006 on one side or both sides. In this case, a dryer (not shown), for example a hot air or radiation dryer, can preferably be provided directly downstream of the application station 304.

[0168] In a particularly preferred embodiment, in principle viewed alone, but advantageously in combination with one or more other embodiments of the machine, a thermal pre-treatment station 306, in particular a temperature control station 306, for example an infrared radiation source 306, is provided in the substrate path directly before the application stage 100; 100*, i.e., for example downstream of the last substrate guide element 301; 307 cooperating with the carrier substrate web 006, by means of which the carrier material 006 can be heated to above the ambient temperature, in particular to more than 60° C., preferably to at least 80° C. This can be particularly advantageous, for example, for activating a joining aid or enabling agent 007; 007′ provided or applied to the carrier substrate 006. In principle independently of this, but advantageously in combination with such a temperature control station 306, a sensor 311 can be used to determine the temperature of the carrier substrate web 006, for example a temperature sensor 311, in particular a contactless and / or radiation-based temperature sensor 311. The sensor 311 , for example, as a temperature sensor 311 , can be part of a control circuit for controlling the temperature of the carrier substrate web 006 together with the optionally provided temperature control station 306 .

[0169] Instead of the traction roller 202 or traction mechanism 207 which is counted as the substrate unwinder 200, or if necessary in addition thereto, a traction roller 308 or traction mechanism 309 can be arranged following the substrate unwinder 200 and / or at the location where the first or only dry film is applied, i.e., at the substrate path segment 300 leading to the first or only lamination gap 107; 107'. In the case where there is only one pulling roller 202; 308 or only one pulling mechanism 207; 309 in the substrate path between the unwinding section on the roll 201 and the entrance into the first or only lamination gap 107; 107', such a pulling roller 202; 308 or such a pulling mechanism 207; 309 can in principle be structurally corresponding on the input side to the substrate path segment 300 extending between the substrate unwinder 200, in particular the unwinding section, and the application stage 100; 100*, in particular the first or only application location, or can also be structurally well corresponding or can correspond to the application stage 100; 100* on the input side. It is important here that such a traction roller 202; 308 or such a traction mechanism 207; 309 is arranged in the substrate path before the first application point, i.e. the first or only lamination gap 107; 107', in order to establish or maintain a certain and / or desired web tension, for example in the subsequent substrate path segment or in the part of the partial substrate path segment formed by the following substrate path section. In this case, corresponding to the traction mechanism 207 already described above, the traction mechanism has, for example, in addition to the traction roller 308, a drive mechanism that drives the traction roller 308, in particular independently of the other traction rollers and can be regulated and / or controlled in terms of speed, for example in the form of a servo drive motor, and / or a pressure roller that can be directed toward the traction roller 308 to increase the friction. Here, the roller 308 or the drive mechanism can also be operated or operable, depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements existing before and after the roller 308, in the manner of a generator or to suppress the advancement of the carrier substrate web 006, in order to establish or maintain a determined and / or desired web tension, for example in a subsequent substrate path segment that extends, for example, to the next clamping or web pulling point or in a part of the substrate path segment that is formed by a subsequent substrate path segment.

[0170] In an advantageous embodiment, in the second substrate path 400, in particular in the substrate path immediately after the application stage 100; 100*, a calendering unit 600 as described above or a calendering unit 600 having two rollers 601; 602 forming a gap, for example a calendering gap, between them, in particular calendering rollers 601; 602, is provided. This has the advantage, for example, that if the desired density is not achieved during the dry film application, a final product 001 with the desired density or an intermediate product 002 which only needs to be cut can still be produced in the active material layer 003; 003'.

[0171] In an alternative embodiment, which has been mentioned above but is not shown here, the advantages lie, for example, in the independence of the processes and their optimization, and thus in the quality and / or the lower susceptibility to faults, for example, in an apparatus or system with a plurality of machines, the first machine mentioned above for coating a carrier substrate 006, in particular the carrier substrate web 006 mentioned above, with a dry film 003; 003' formed from a powdery material 004; 004', preferably comprising in the substrate path a coating device 100; 100* according to one of the above-mentioned advantageous embodiments and a separate second machine for compacting the dry film 003; 003' by at least one calendering unit 600; 600* arranged in the substrate path of the second machine. Although these machines can in principle be arranged at different locations, they are preferably arranged, for example, in the same plant, in an apparatus or machine structure for producing a multilayer product 001, for producing a multilayer product 001 with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate, in particular for producing an electrode bundle 002 or an electrode unit 001. In this case, the product strip 002, which is referred to here as the primary product and which has not yet been further compacted, is formed into a roll 501 of the primary product, for example, on the outlet side of a machine for coating in a product receiving section 500, which is particularly designed as a product winder 500, and the roll 501 is subsequently or at a later point in time fed to a second machine on the inlet side, in particular to an unwinder arranged in the machine on the inlet side. The product strip 002 consisting of the primary product is unwound there, guided through a calendering unit 600; 600' arranged in the substrate path, and wound up on the outlet side as a completely compacted product strip 001 to form a product roll 501, or is sent out after a cross-cutting arranged downstream of the calendering unit 600, if necessary.

[0172] Whether the above-mentioned calendering process is carried out in an online manner in the same machine in which the dry film 003; 003' is applied to the carrier substrate 006, or whether the calendering is carried out separately from the application process in another second machine having a calendering unit 600; 600*, the calendering unit 600; 600* comprises two rollers 601; 601*; 602; 602*, for example calendering rollers 601; 601*; 602; 602*, wherein, for example, at least one, preferably both calendering rollers can be heated, in particular so that their shell surface is heated to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120°, for example at an ambient temperature of 25°C and / or a pressure having a preferably adjustable linear force of at least 500N / mm, advantageously at least 700N / mm, in particular at least 1000N / mm, preferably up to at least 2000N / mm or preferably between 500N / mm and 3000N / mm can be applied therebetween. The product strip 002 coated on at least one side can pass through the calendering gap to further compact the dry film 003; 003' using a pressing force and / or a temperature above the ambient temperature. The calendering rollers 601; 601*; 602; 602* have a diameter of, for example, at least 400 mm, in particular at least 500 mm, preferably at least 550 mm, and / or a usable width of, for example, at least 400 mm, in particular at least 500 mm, preferably at least 550 mm. For the production of the mentioned product 001; 002, it is particularly advantageous for the circular concentricity of each roller 601; 601*; 602; 602* to have a maximum deviation of a maximum of ±2 mm, preferably a maximum of ±1 mm.

[0173] In principle, independent of one or more other implementation variants of the machine, but advantageously in combination therewith, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, in the second substrate path 400 after the application stage 100; 100*, if necessary with a calendering unit 600, a cooling device 402 is provided downstream thereof which has one or more partially wrapped, temperature-controlled cooling rollers 402.1; 402.2, by means of which the product strip 002 guided therethrough can be cooled, for example, by at least 20°C, in particular by at least 50°C.

[0174] In principle, independently of one or more other embodiments of the machine, but advantageously in combination therewith, in an advantageous development, there is a checking device 403; 403.1; 403.2, in particular based on optical and / or acoustic measurements, in the second substrate path 400, for example with a sensor 403.1 pointing to one side and a sensor 403.2 pointing to the other side, by means of which the product surface is checked for errors or defects, for example the surface and / or thickness integrity of the applied dry film 003; 003' can be checked. The checking device 403; 403.1, 403.2 can, for example, be Fig.15As shown, the substrate is arranged in the substrate path downstream of the calendaring unit 600, or as shown, for example Fig.16 As shown, it can be arranged in the substrate path downstream of the application stage 100; 100' but upstream of the calendering unit 600. In the first case, errors caused by calendering can be detected, while in the second case, errors caused in the application stage 100; 100' can be identified as early as possible. The inspection device 403 can preferably have a camera, for example a line scan camera, as a sensor 403.1; 403.2 on each side, by which the corresponding surface is photographed or optically scanned, and the position of the error or defect is evaluated by a downstream evaluation device.

[0175] In principle, independently of one or more other implementation variants of the machine but advantageously in combination therewith, in particular in combination with an inspection device 403; 403.1; 403.2 arranged in the substrate path, in an advantageous development, a device for defect marking 412 is provided, which can, for example, be provided by a printing device, such as an inkjet print head or an insertion device, the latter being, for example, a physical marking mechanism, such as a plurality of so-called marking flags or marking labels, which can be applied or arranged on the carrier substrate web 006.

[0176] For all embodiments of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, at least one substrate guiding element 409 can be designed as a measuring roller 409 in the second substrate path 400, by means of which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to use it, for example, to adjust the web tension, for example, by the relative transport speeds of the individual assemblies 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guiding elements 202; 308; 401; 502. Preferably, at least one substrate guiding element 409 is designed as a measuring roller 409 at least in the substrate path section of the second substrate path segment 400 that is located after the application stage 100; 100*, in particular the last or only application point, and preferably in particular in the substrate path section of the second substrate path segment 400 before the optionally provided calendering unit 600, in particular before the point of calendering that may occur. Alternatively or additionally thereto, the substrate guide element 507 structurally assigned to the product winder 500 can be designed as a measuring roller 507 which is arranged in the substrate path downstream of the calendering unit 600 .

[0177] In order to ensure an optimal passage of the substrate through the application stage 100; 100*, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate guide element 401 designed as a motor-force-driven traction roller 401 is provided in the second substrate path 400, preferably directly after the application stage 100; 100*, but before the calendering unit 600, which may be provided. The substrate guide element may be comprised by a traction mechanism 411, for example, which, in addition to the traction roller 401 itself, has a drive mechanism that drives the traction roller 401, in particular independently of other traction rollers, and can be regulated and / or controlled in terms of speed, for example in the form of a servo-driven motor, and / or has a pressure roller that can be pressed against the traction roller 401 to increase the friction. Here, the roller 401 or the drive mechanism can in principle also be operated or operable in the form of a generator or in a manner that suppresses the feed of the carrier substrate web 006, depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements that exist before and after the roller 401, but here is used to establish and / or maintain the web tension on the upstream substrate path section, i.e., in the conveying direction T S The conveying carrier substrate web 006 is or can be operated at an advance amount relative to, for example, the speed of the stretching roller 202; 301 immediately upstream and / or the circumferential speed of the last or only laminating roller 107; 107' or the pair of laminating rollers 107; 107'.

[0178] Alternatively or additionally thereto, in a preferred embodiment, a web tension compensation and / or adjustment device 406 is present in the second substrate path 400, downstream of the application stage 100, 100*, if necessary between the application stage 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600 provided in an advantageous embodiment (e.g. Fig.15 , for example, with an oscillating roller 407 which is elastically prestressed transversely to the substrate path, for example on a rod or a guide spring, or which is deflected by means of a force, by means of which, for example, fluctuations in the web tension can be compensated, and / or in particular, by the swinging out of the oscillating roller 407, the transport speed of a preceding or succeeding assembly or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guiding elements 202; 308; 401; 502 can be adjusted.

[0179] For all the designs and variants of the machine mentioned here, the following embodiment is particularly advantageous, in which, in the substrate path arranged after the application phase 100; 100*, in the case of a calendering unit 600; 600 arranged in the substrate path, after the only or last calendering unit 600; 600*, before the combination to form the product aggregate 501 in the product receiving section, a measuring station 408 is provided for determining the product strip thickness, in particular the total thickness (for example, at Fig.15 and Fig.16shown as an example for all embodiments).

[0180] Instead of or in addition to the above-described cooling device 402 in the second substrate path section 400, such or another cooling device 402; 504 can also be arranged in the substrate path section that counts as the product receiving section 500 or on its frame. Such a cooling device 504 can be formed, for example, by a substrate guide element 504 designed as a cooling roller 504. Alternatively, such a cooling device 504 that counts as the second substrate path section 400 or structurally counts as the product receiving section 500 can also be formed by one or more temperature-controlled cooling rollers 504.1; 504.2 that are partially wound one after the other.

[0181] In a further development, a sensor 508 can be provided, for example, downstream of the optionally provided cooling device 504, for determining the temperature of the product 002, in particular the product strip 002, in the substrate path downstream of the optionally provided calendering unit 600, but at the latest before the delivery, for example before winding in the product winder 500. The sensor 508 is designed, for example, as a temperature sensor 508, in particular as a contactless and / or radiation-based temperature sensor 311, and / or can be part of a control circuit for controlling the temperature with the optionally provided cooling device 504.

[0182] In an advantageous embodiment, the product receiving portion 500 is designed in the form of a product reel 500 , in particular a reel changer 500 .

[0183] Preferably, the product winder 500 is suitable for uninterrupted roll changing and / or includes a substrate guiding element 502 and / or a substrate guiding element 503 designed as one of the above-mentioned motor-driven traction rollers 502, which is in the form of, for example, an oscillating roller 503 that is elastically biased or deflected by force on a rod or guide member transversely to the substrate path.

[0184] In order to ensure an optimum web run between the calendering unit 600, which may be provided, and the roll on the product winder 500, in an advantageous embodiment, a web guide element 401; 502 is provided in the web path 400 or in the web path section which can be counted as the product winder 500 as a motor-force-driven traction roller 401; 502. The web guide element can be comprised by a traction mechanism 411; 506, which, for example, in addition to the traction roller 401; 502, has a drive mechanism, for example in the form of a servo-driven motor, which drives the traction roller 401; 502, in particular independently of the other traction rollers, and which can be adjusted and / or controlled in terms of speed drive, and / or has a pressure roller which can be brought into contact with the traction roller 401; 502 to increase the friction.

[0185] In an embodiment which is particularly advantageous, in particular for stable and low-interference online continuous operation, of a machine comprising, for example, a calendering unit 600, at least one positively driven pulling roller 202; 308; 401; 502 and / or at least one measuring roller 208; 307; 401; 502 are provided in a first substrate path section between the position of unwinding from the substrate roll 201 in the substrate unwinder 200 to the entry into the only or first laminating gap 107; 107' of the application stage 100; 100*, and in a second substrate path section between the position of the exit of the carrier substrate web, which is then provided with a dry film 003; 003' at least on one side, from the only or downstream last laminating gap 107; 107' of the application stage 100; 100* and for an embodiment with a calendering unit 600; 600*, between the entry into the calendering gap between two calendering rollers 601; 602. In an advantageous development of the design with the calendering unit 600; 600*, a positively driven traction roller 502 and / or a measuring roller 409; 507 are provided in the third substrate path section between the position of the exit of the carrier substrate web 006 provided with a dry film 003; 003' at least on one side from the calendering nip and the position of being wound up onto the product reel 501 in the product winder 500 for determining the web tension.

[0186] Preferably, a web tension adjustment device (not shown here) is provided, which is connected on the input side to each of the or one measuring rollers 208; 307; 409 arranged in the first and the or one arranged in the second substrate path section, and on the output side to a drive controller of each control roller drive device of the or one traction roller 202; 308; 401 arranged in the first and the or one arranged in the second substrate path section, and the web tension adjustment device in particular has a data processing and / or electronic switching mechanism, which is configured to establish and / or maintain a predetermined web tension in each of the two substrate path extensions and / or a predetermined web tension difference for the two substrate path extensions by appropriately controlling the drives of one or more traction rollers 202; 308; 401. In an improved solution, the web tension adjustment device can also be connected to the measuring roller 409; 507 arranged in the above-mentioned third substrate path section on the input side, and to the drive controller of the control-related traction roller 502 arranged in the above-mentioned third substrate path section on the output side, and for example, it can also be adjusted with respect to a predetermined web tension degree and / or a predetermined web tension degree difference with the substrate path section arranged upstream.

[0187] Quite generally, in particular for embodiments of the machine in which there is no calendering unit downstream of the application stage 100; 100*, the contents described above regarding stretching rollers 202; 308; 401; 502 and measuring rollers 208; 307; 409, signal connections and web tension adjustment devices can be transferred or used for embodiments in which there is at least one measuring roller and / or at least one pulling roller 208; 307; 202; 308 in the first substrate path between the unwinding section and the first application site through the application stage 100; 100* and at least one pulling roller 409; 507; 401; 502 in the substrate path section between the only or last site of dry film application leaving the application stage 100; 100* and between the winding section in the winder 500.

[0188] By means of the above-mentioned oscillating roller 203; 407; 503 and a control circuit which comprises the oscillating roller and is for example integrated into the above-mentioned web tension control device, fluctuations in web tension can be compensated or controlled and / or the conveying speed of the upstream or downstream assembly 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502, for example the drive of the upstream substrate unwinder 200 or the downstream substrate rewinder 500 or the upstream or downstream traction roller 202; 308; 401; 502 can be controlled, in particular by pivoting the oscillating roller 407. The oscillating roller is, for example, elastically biased transversely to the web path on a guide or on a rod, in particular pneumatically or elastically biased with a force in the opposite direction of the web tension of the substrate web 006 or the product strip 002 which is wrapped around the roller in a sleeve-like manner.

[0189] The above-mentioned traction rollers 203; 308; 401; 502, for example, include a speed-adjustable and / or controllable drive motor, in particular a servomotor, and / or are coupled with one or more pressing elements, such as pressure rollers, for example, to improve the conveying performance, and / or, depending on the position in the substrate path, are operated and / or can be operated in a generator-like manner, i.e. with a braking effect, by means of a motor or, for example, to generate or maintain upstream web tension, and / or are included in a regulating circuit that regulates the web tension and, for example, is integrated into the above-mentioned web tension regulation device, for example, as a regulating element.

[0190] As an alternative to designing the machine with a product receiving section 500 designed as a coiler 500, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a cross-cutting device can be provided in the second substrate path 400 or at the inlet of the product receiving section 500, by means of which the product strips 002 produced in the machine can already be cross-cut into product segments 001. In this case, the product receiving section 500 is designed, for example, as a stacking boom, in particular as a multi-stack boom that delivers a plurality of stacks one behind the other.

[0191] In the above-mentioned machine and / or device 100; 100*, for example, a web-shaped carrier substrate 006 is continuously and preferably on both sides provided with a dry film 003; 003' having a width smaller than the width of the carrier substrate, so that the carrier substrate retains uncoated edges on both sides.

[0192] Reference numerals list

[0193] 001Product, final product, product segment, electrode unit, electrode

[0194] 002 products, intermediate products, product strips, electrode strips

[0195] 003 Active material layer, material layer, dry film, powder composite material film (especially solvent-free)

[0196] 003'Active material layer, material layer, dry film, powder composite material film (especially solvent-free)

[0197] 004 Powdered materials, powder mixtures (especially dry)

[0198] 004'Powdered materials, powdered mixtures (especially dry)

[0199] 005-

[0200] 006 Web-shaped carrier substrate, carrier substrate web, current conductor substrate, current conductor film

[0201] 007 Medium, primer, adhesive, bonding agent to assist or achieve connection

[0202] 007'Medium, primer, adhesive, bonding agent to assist or achieve connection

[0203] 008 parts, material strips, edge strips

[0204] 100Apparatus for coating, coating apparatus, application stage, assembly, laminating assembly, laminating unit

[0205] 100*Apparatus for coating, coating apparatus, application stage, assembly, laminating assembly, laminating unit

[0206] 101 first application unit

[0207] 101' Second application unit

[0208] 102 first roller, metering roller

[0209] 102' first roller, metering roller

[0210] 103 second roller, laminating roller, closing roller

[0211] 103' Second roller, laminating roller, closing roller

[0212] 104 first gap, film-forming gap, metering gap, roller gap, counter-pressing part

[0213] 104' first gap, film-forming gap, metering gap, roller gap, counter-pressing part

[0214] 105-

[0215] 106 rollers, combined pressure rollers

[0216] 106' roller, combined pressure roller

[0217] 107 Second gap, application gap, lamination gap

[0218] 107' Second gap, application gap, lamination gap

[0219] 108-

[0220] 109 Position-based adjustment drive device, adjustment member

[0221] 109' Position-based adjustment drive device, adjustment member

[0222] 110-

[0223] 111 Force-based adjustment drive, adjusting element

[0224] 111'Force-based adjustment drive, adjusting element

[0225] 112 Adjustment mechanism, bearing mechanism, linear bearing

[0226] 112' adjustment mechanism, bearing mechanism, linear bearing

[0227] 113 adjustment mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing, linear bearing

[0228] 113' adjustment mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing, linear bearing

[0229] 114 Removal device, scraper, cleaning scraper

[0230] 114' Removal device, scraper, cleaning scraper

[0231] 115-

[0232] 116 Removal device, scraper, side scraper

[0233] 116' removal device, scraper, side scraper

[0234] 117 Collection device, collection tank

[0235] 117' Collection device, collection tank

[0236] 118 Other rollers, calendering rollers

[0237] 118'Other rollers, calendering rollers

[0238] 119-

[0239] 120-

[0240] 121 substrate guide elements, guide rollers, deflection rollers

[0241] 122 Carrier, side parts (chassis)

[0242] 122' Carrier, Side Parts (Chassis)

[0243] 123 Suction unit

[0244] 123' Suction unit

[0245] 124 border, side shield

[0246] 125-

[0247] 126 Filling and / or storage space

[0248] 127 Material removal department

[0249] 127' Material removal unit

[0250] 128 racks (application stage)

[0251] 128.1 First sub-rack

[0252] 128.2 Second sub-rack

[0253] 128.3 The third sub-rack

[0254] 128.4 Fourth sub-rack

[0255] 129 Removal device, scraper, cleaning scraper

[0256] 129' removal device, scraper, cleaning scraper

[0257] 130-

[0258] 131 rack wall

[0259] 131.1 Rack Wall

[0260] 131.2 Rack Wall

[0261] 131.3 Rack Wall

[0262] 131.4 Rack Wall

[0263] 132 Path-based drive mechanism, position-controllable and / or adjustable motor

[0264] 132' Path-based drive mechanism, position-controllable and / or adjustable motor

[0265] 133 Force-based drive mechanisms, cylinder-piston systems, torque-controllable and / or adjustable motors

[0266] 133' Force-based drive mechanisms, cylinder-piston systems, motors with controllable and / or adjustable torque

[0267] 134 Temperature control fluid pipeline

[0268] 135-

[0269] 136 beam, bottom plate

[0270] 137 beam, transverse carrier

[0271] 138 Guide rail segments, track parts, guide parts, tracks

[0272] 139 load-bearing foot

[0273] 140-

[0274] 141 Adjustment device, traction device, tensioning device

[0275] 142 piston rod

[0276] 143 Push and / or pull plate

[0277] 144 Push and / or pull plate

[0278] 145 rack structure, bottom plate

[0279] 146 Adjustment and / or drive mechanism, adjustment drive device

[0280] 147 Storage Blocks

[0281] 148 Rotary drive mechanism, speed adjustable or controllable drive motor, servo motor

[0282] 149 Rotary drive mechanism, speed adjustable or controllable drive motor, servo motor

[0283] 150-

[0284] 151 bearings, radial bearings

[0285] 153 bearing parts, rolling elements, sliding elements,

[0286] 154 Support surface

[0287] 200 substrate conveyor, substrate unwinder, roll changing device

[0288] 201 roll, substrate roll

[0289] 202 Forced driven substrate guiding elements, rollers, pulling rollers

[0290] 203 substrate guide element, swing roller

[0291] 204 Web edge controller

[0292] 205-

[0293] 206 Gluing device, glue coating table

[0294] 207 traction mechanism, pulling mechanism

[0295] 208 substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

[0296] 300 The first substrate path segment, the conveying section, is located on the upstream side and the conveying side

[0297] 301 substrate guide elements, rollers, guide rollers, deflection rollers

[0298] 302 pre-treatment station, cleaning station, deionization station

[0299] 303 Measuring station (Carrier substrate thickness)

[0300] 304 pre-treatment station, application station

[0301] 305-

[0302] 306 Thermal pre-treatment station, temperature control station, infrared radiation source

[0303] 307 substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

[0304] 308 Forced driven substrate guide elements, rollers, traction rollers

[0305] 309 traction mechanism

[0306] 310-

[0307] 311 sensor, temperature sensor

[0308] 400 The second substrate path segment, the conveying section, is located at the downstream side and the discharge side

[0309] 401 Forced driven substrate guiding elements, rollers, pulling rollers

[0310] 402 Cooling device

[0311] 402* Cooling device (alternatively or additionally)

[0312] 403 Check Device

[0313] 404 substrate guide elements, rollers, guide rollers, deflection rollers

[0314] 405-

[0315] 406 Web tension compensation and / or adjustment device

[0316] 407 Swing Roller

[0317] 408 measuring station (product strip thickness)

[0318] 409 substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

[0319] 410-

[0320] 411 traction mechanism

[0321] 412 Defect Marker

[0322] 500 Product storage unit, product loading machine, roll changer

[0323] 501 Product storage unit, roll, product roll

[0324] 502 Forced driven substrate guiding element, traction roller

[0325] 503 swing roller

[0326] 504 Cooling device, substrate guiding element, roller, cooling roller

[0327] 504.1 Cooling roller

[0328] 504.2 Cooling roller

[0329] 505-

[0330] 506 traction mechanism

[0331] 507 substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

[0332] 508 sensor, temperature sensor

[0333] 600 calendering unit, assembly, calendering assembly

[0334] 600*calendering unit (alternatively or additionally), assembly, calendering assembly

[0335] 601 Heated first roller, calender roller

[0336] 601*First roller, calendaring roller (alternatively or additionally)

[0337] 602 Heated second roller, calendering roller

[0338] 602* Second roller, calendaring roller (alternatively or additionally)

[0339] 603 frame (calendering assembly)

[0340] 700 Device for conveying powdered materials, powder conveying device

[0341] 700' Device for conveying powdered materials, powder conveying device

[0342] bWidth

[0343] b151 support width

[0344] d thickness, layer thickness

[0345] b003 (003; 003') width

[0346] b006 (006) width

[0347] b008 (008) width

[0348] d003 (003) thickness, layer thickness

[0349] d003' (003') thickness, layer thickness

[0350] d006 (006) thickness

[0351] d008 (008) thickness, layer thickness

[0352] G-Plane

[0353] K arc

[0354] α angle, tilt angle

[0355] R S Radius (of pivoting motion)

[0356] S pivot axis

[0357] T S Conveying direction (of product string 002, carrier substrate 006)

Claims

1. A device (100; 100*) for coating a carrier substrate (006) with a powdered material (004), the device comprising at least one first application unit (101), the at least one first application unit comprising a first roller (102; 102') and a second roller (103) adjacent to the first roller (102; 102'), the first roller and the second roller forming a first gap (104; 104') for film formation in a joint (107; 107') between their shell surfaces, the powdered material (004) being able to be fed through the first gap in order to form a first dry film (003') therein, wherein: The second roller (103; 103') or a further roller following the second roller (103) downstream as seen in the material flow direction forms with a roller (103'; 106) serving as a pressing roller (103'; 106) a second gap (107), through which the carrier substrate (106) to be coated can be guided and can be loaded with the dry film (106) formed in the first gap (104; 104'), characterised in that the first and second rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') can be tilted relative to one another with respect to the relative course of their axes of rotation (R102; R103, R102'; R103') and can be varied with respect to their relative inclination (α) by the first or second roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') is pivotably supported in the device about an actual or imaginary pivot axis (S), which extends perpendicularly to the rotation axis (R102; R103, R102'; R103') of the pivotable roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') and / or the other of the two rollers (103; 102; 103'; 102').

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotation axes ( R102 ; R103 , R102 ′; R103 ′) extending obliquely to one another are located in two planes lying parallel to one another.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pivotable support portion is arranged and / or designed in such a way that the pivoting movement of the rotation axis (R102; R103, R102'; R103') occurs in a plane extending perpendicularly to the pivot axis (S) and / or perpendicularly to the adjustment direction for adjusting the distance and / or the contact force between the first or second roller (102; 103; 102'; 103'), without the plane moving in the direction of the pivot axis (S) due to the pivoting and the pivot axis (S) not changing in its position in space.

4. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that The first and second rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') of the first application unit (101; 101') are supported in or on different sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) and the sub-frame (128.3; 128.4) carrying the pivotable rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') can be pivoted about a pivot axis (S) as a whole, i.e. together with the frame walls (131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4) provided on both sides and connected to each other and the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') carried by these frame walls (131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4).

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) carrying the pivotable rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') are rigidly connected to one another via one or more crossbeams (136; 137).

6. The device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The pivotable sub-frame (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) is placed on at least two sides along a radius (R S ) at bearing locations (153) spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of an arc (K) extending around the pivot axis (S).

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The bearing point (153) is formed by rolling or sliding bodies (153) which are arranged in two bearing blocks (147) spaced apart from one another on a circular arc (K).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The support block (147) is supported on a guide (138) extending perpendicularly to the rotation axis (R102; R103, R102'; R103') of a roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') carried by a non-pivotable sub-frame (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4), and the support block can be displaced on the guide in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis (R102; R103, R102'; R103').

9. The device according to claim 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that A bearing portion (153) for supporting a pivotable sub-frame (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) cooperates with a bearing surface (154) facing the bearing portion (153), the bearing surface being arranged in a lower region of the sub-frame (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) and / or at least viewed within an adjustment range for a pivoting movement in a circumferential direction along an arc (K), the bearing surface having a surface supported on at least one bearing portion (153), the surface having a contour that is curved in the shape of an arc at least within the adjustment range.

10. The device according to claim 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that The sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) can be pivoted by a driving mechanism.

11. The device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that The roller (103'; 106) used as the pressing roller (103'; 106) can be adjusted in the radial direction toward the second roller or the further roller (103), but is supported in the device in a fixed manner relative to the frame with respect to the inclination of its axis of rotation (R103'; R106).

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The roller (103'; 106) used as a pressing roller (103'; 106) is a component of the second application unit (101'), and the roller forms a further first roller gap (104'; 104) with the first roller (102'; 102) of the second application unit (101') as the second roller (103'; 103) of the second application unit (101'), or the roller forms a roller gap with the second roller (103'; 103) of the second application unit (101') upstream as seen in the material flow direction, and the roller forms a further first roller gap (104'; 104) with the first roller (102'; 102) of the second application unit (101').

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that The first and second rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') of the second application unit (101'; 101) are supported in or on different sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4), and the sub-frame (128.3; 128.4) supporting the first or second roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') of the second application unit (101'; 101) together with the associated frame wall (131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4) and the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') supported in the frame wall can be pivoted about a pivot axis (S).

14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that The embodiment of the pivotable sub-frame (128.3; 128.4) of the second application unit (101'; 101) corresponds to the embodiment of the pivotable sub-frame (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) according to any one of claims 5 to 10.

15. The device of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that The pivot axis (S) extends perpendicularly to the rotation axis (R102; R103; R102'; R103') of the first and second rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') of the same application unit (101; 101') and / or intersects the rotation axis (R102; R103; R102'; R103') of the pivotable roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') and / or of another adjacent roller (102; 103; 102'; 103').

16. The device of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that The pivot axis (S) intersects the rotation axis (R102; R103; R102'; R103') of the pivotable and / or adjacent further roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') at least in the middle region or at a height in the middle of its maximum utilizable width.

Images