Base module for high-voltage switchgear having vacuum switching tube, and high-voltage switchgear having base module

Abstract

The invention relates to a base module (1) for a high-voltage switchgear (2), comprising at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) and at least one coupling element (5) for mechanically coupling the vacuum switching tubes (3) to a drive (6). According to the invention, the at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) and the at least one coupling element (5) are arranged in the housing (4) in such a way as to be combined into the base module (1). The invention further relates to a high-voltage switchgear (2) having at least one base module (1), in particular exactly one base module (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a basic module for a high-voltage switchgear, which has at least two vacuum switching tubes and has at least one coupling element for mechanically coupling the vacuum switching tubes to a drive. The invention also relates to a high-voltage switchgear. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage switchgear with vacuum switching tubes is, for example, a circuit breaker for switching voltages in the high-voltage range, in particular greater than or equal to 52 kV, and / or for switching large currents in the range of up to tens of kiloamperes. Therefore, for example, the operating current and / or fault current in a power transmission network with an operating voltage greater than 380 kV can be switched, that is, connected or disconnected. The vacuum switching tube of the high-voltage switchgear is arranged in a shell grounded (Dead-Tank) housing, such as a metal tank, or arranged in a shell live (Live-Tank) housing, for example, arranged in an insulator housing, in particular a ribbed ceramic housing, a silicone housing and / or a composite housing. The housing is filled with, for example, an insulating gas, such as SF6, CO2 and / or clean air, that is, purified dry air.

[0003] The vacuum switch tube comprises two switch contacts or contact pieces that can move relative to each other, i.e., a fixed contact piece and a movable contact piece or two movable contact pieces. The contact pieces have contact discs at their opposite ends, which are in mechanical and electrical contact relative to each other in the closed state of the switch device, and in the open state, the contact discs are at a certain distance relative to each other, so that a gap is formed in the evacuated space. The size of the gap depends on the maximum voltage to be maintained on the switch device, for example, in the range of several millimeters to several centimeters. As a housing, the vacuum switch tube, which is particularly constructed as a cylinder, has ceramic segments, which are connected to each other, particularly welded together, through metal shielding elements, such as copper or steel main shielding pieces. The vacuum switch tube is closed in a fluid-tight manner with a cover at one end, particularly at the end of the fixed contact piece, which extends from the vacuum switch tube at this end, so as to make electrical contact. The vacuum switch tube is closed in a fluid-tight manner with a bellows at the other end, particularly at the end of the contact piece supported in a movable manner, which extends from the vacuum switch tube at this end, so as to make electrical contact. When two movable contact pieces are used, the two contact pieces are supported in a movable manner by bellows. A drive device, such as a spring energy storage drive device, is connected to one or more movable contact pieces through elements of a kinematic chain, such as a drive rod and a transmission device component, for driving or moving the contact pieces when the switch device is switched.

[0004] Vacuum switching tubes, in particular vacuum switching tubes contained in high-voltage switchgear, require little maintenance, are durable, and are driven simply and reliably, in particular by a spring energy storage drive. For high voltage requirements, for example, switchgear with a plurality of vacuum switching tubes is used, the switching paths of which are electrically connected in series, as is known, for example, from DE 10 2013 208 419 A1. Alternatively, for example, vacuum switching tubes are used, in particular with a plurality of switching paths in one vacuum switching tube. For large currents, the vacuum switching tubes can be arranged in parallel connection with one another.

[0005] In the case of multiple vacuum switching tubes, when the switching paths of the vacuum switching tubes are disconnected, it is aimed to perform a voltage division, i.e., a power-off (absteuerung), on the vacuum switching tubes that is adapted to the vacuum switching tubes, to avoid overloading of the individual vacuum switching tubes. For example, when multiple similarly constructed vacuum switching tubes or switching paths are connected in succession, it is aimed to make the voltage division on the vacuum switching tubes or switching paths as uniform as possible. In order to achieve the desired voltage division on the vacuum switching tubes, for example, passive electrical elements, such as control resistors, control capacitors and / or varistors are connected in parallel with the corresponding vacuum switching tubes.

[0006] A vacuum switch tube having an element of a kinematic chain for driving a movable contact is arranged in a housing of a switchgear in a manner surrounded by insulating gas. One or more drive devices are arranged outside the housing to enable simple maintenance. The movable contact of one or more vacuum switch tubes is mechanically connected to one or more drive devices via an element of a kinematic chain. An electrical bushing in the housing of the switchgear enables the vacuum switch tube or multiple vacuum switch tubes arranged inside the housing to be in electrical contact with external contacts, which are used to be electrically connected to the equipment to be switched, electrical lines and / or parts of the power network. According to requirements such as maximum switching voltage and / or short-circuit current, a switchgear having the aforementioned components, such as a vacuum switch tube, a housing, elements of a kinematic chain and / or a drive device, is developed for each type of switchgear or for each switchgear.

[0007] The vacuum switching tube is selected or developed and the drive and kinematic chain are designed according to the electrical requirements. The housing is designed according to electromagnetic conditions to ensure that sufficient dielectric strength is permanently maintained and to prevent arcing (Überschläge) that could damage the switching device. The insulating gas to be used plays an important role in this regard. The drive and the elements of the kinematic chain are designed according to the vacuum switching tube and the required parameters, such as switching times and the required forces. This, combined with high development costs and a small number of individual components, leads to high component prices. So far, for example, a modular construction and a predetermined selection of components have been carried out for drives that are constructed in different types for different switching devices. Other components, such as housings and elements of the kinematic chain, i.e. coupling elements between the vacuum switching tube and the drive, are used separately for the switching device. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a basic module for a high-voltage switchgear, which saves costs and development overhead, can be used simply and reliably for different switchgears, and in particular has standardized connection possibilities. In addition, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-voltage switchgear having such a basic module, which has the advantages given above.

[0009] According to the invention, the above-mentioned technical problem is solved by a basic module for a high-voltage switchgear having the features of claim 1 and / or by a high-voltage switchgear having at least one previously described basic module, in particular having exactly one previously described basic module, according to claim 13. Advantageous embodiments of the basic module for a high-voltage switchgear according to the invention and / or of a high-voltage switchgear having at least one previously described basic module, in particular having exactly one previously described basic module, are given in the dependent claims. The subject matter of the independent claim can be combined with the features of the dependent claims, and the features of the dependent claims can be combined with each other.

[0010] The basic module for a high-voltage switchgear according to the present invention comprises at least two vacuum switching tubes and at least one coupling element, which is used to mechanically couple the vacuum switching tubes to a drive device. According to the present invention, the at least two vacuum switching tubes and the at least one coupling element are arranged in a housing in a manner of being combined into a basic module.

[0011] By combining components, in particular at least two vacuum switch tubes and at least one coupling element for mechanically coupling the vacuum switch tube to a drive device, and arranging them in a housing in a manner of combining them into a basic module, costs are saved. In particular, development costs are saved, and a lower cost of components of the high-voltage switchgear can be achieved through a larger number of pieces. The electrical and mechanical connections of the basic module and the high-voltage switchgear can be tuned to each other, so that different basic modules can be installed in the high-voltage switchgear in an equivalent standardized manner, and / or the basic module can be used in different high-voltage switchgear. For example, when performing maintenance, the basic module can be easily replaced, and the basic module can be used in many high-voltage switchgear or device categories, thereby combining the large number of basic modules, which is associated with lower costs compared to the case of separate manufacturing and specifically correspondingly adjusted design. The exact requirements of the high-voltage switchgear, in particular the switching power, switching voltage and short-circuit current, can be implemented in the basic module, for example, by using and / or combining different vacuum switch tubes, especially when the external dimensions of the basic module and its connections are not changed for different applications.

[0012] The basic module can be filled with an insulating material, in particular a solid insulating material. The insulating material can be and / or include a resin, a polymer foam, a plastic, PTFE and / or PCTFE. The insulating material enables electrical isolation of internal components, such as vacuum interrupters in the basic module, for example, in order to prevent electric arcing when a voltage is applied. In particular, materials such as resins, polymer foams, plastics, PTFE and / or PCTFE are good electrical insulators. The housing of the basic module can also be made of or include these materials, and / or the filling of the housing forms the main body, or the insulating material forms the housing.

[0013] A control element, in particular a capacitor, a resistor and / or a varistor, can be arranged in the housing, in particular a control element for each of the at least two vacuum switching tubes. This makes it possible, for example, to disconnect the vacuum switching tubes, in particular when a plurality of vacuum switching tubes are arranged in series, while having a compact design and low costs.

[0014] At least two vacuum switching tubes can be electrically connected in series with one another, in particular at least one coupling element is spatially arranged between the at least two vacuum switching tubes. This allows high voltages to be switched. The coupling element is arranged between the vacuum switching tubes and is connected to the movable contacts of the at least two vacuum switching tubes, so that the movable contacts can be mechanically connected to the drive device in a compact, simple and cost-effective manner, in particular by a single mechanical connection or a mechanical connection of the basic module.

[0015] At least two vacuum interrupters can respectively have at least one fixed contact and at least one movable contact, wherein the fixed contact can be led out of the housing as an electrical connection of the basic module, and / or the movable contact can be mechanically connected to at least one coupling element in a movable manner in a chamber that can be arranged outside the vacuum interrupter and inside the housing. The fixed contact is led out of the housing as an electrical connection of the basic module, so that the basic module or the vacuum interrupter in the basic module can be electrically contacted or connected with other parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker and / or other parts of the basic module and / or the high-voltage circuit breaker with the power grid and / or the electrical device to be switched in a simple, low-loss and low-cost manner. The movable contact is mechanically connected to at least one coupling element in a chamber that can be arranged outside the vacuum interrupter and inside the housing, so that the vacuum interrupter can be cast or encapsulated with a solid insulating material and / or the basic module can be filled with a solid insulating material, wherein the movable contact and at least one coupling element are supported in a movable manner in the unfilled cavity, and filling the cavity with insulating material inside the housing and outside the cavity can prevent or suppress electric arcing.

[0016] The vacuum switching tubes can be arranged coaxially on the longitudinal axis, and / or at least one coupling element can be arranged between at least two vacuum switching tubes, in particular comprising a rotating sleeve. As a result, a compact, simple and cost-effective construction of the basic module can be achieved, and during switching, the movable contact of the vacuum switching tube can be simply driven or simply operated by at least one coupling element. In particular, the rotating sleeve enables the movable contact to be mechanically connected in a manner that is rotated 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the vacuum switching tube, thereby being spaced apart or electrically insulated from the electrical connector of the basic module. As a result, the drive device can be arranged in a manner that the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vacuum switching tube. As a result, a simple, compact construction is obtained in which the drive device is electrically insulated and spaced apart from the fixed contact of the vacuum switching tube or the electrical connector of the basic module.

[0017] The vacuum switching tubes can be arranged in a manner that the longitudinal axes are at an angle not equal to 180 degrees relative to each other or arranged parallel to each other, in particular for asynchronous opening and closing of the vacuum switching tubes, in particular using a drive device. Depending on the housing of the high-voltage switchgear, the parallel arrangement or the arrangement offset by 180 degrees of the vacuum switching tubes can produce a compact structure. The compact structure is associated with material and cost savings. In particular, in the case of asynchronously driven vacuum switching tubes, the arrangement of vacuum switching tubes with longitudinal axes at an angle not equal to 180 degrees relative to each other may be advantageous in that transmission elements can be omitted by such an arrangement, for example. In addition, the arrangement of vacuum switching tubes with longitudinal axes at an angle not equal to 180 degrees relative to each other, for example, enables the arrangement of electrical connections that are safer for maintenance personnel and are well insulated, in particular, relative to the base of the high-voltage switchgear. The arrangement of vacuum switching tubes with longitudinal axes at an angle not equal to 180 degrees enables asynchronous switching, i.e. switching that is offset in time. In particular when using different vacuum switching tubes, for example vacuum switching tubes which primarily perform voltage switching and vacuum switching tubes which primarily perform current switching, it can be advantageous to perform switching between the vacuum switching tubes in a time-staggered or delayed manner.

[0018] The basic module can include exactly two vacuum interrupters. With exactly two vacuum interrupters, the advantages described above can be achieved very well, in particular with regard to a compact design with standardized connections, in particular on two opposite sides of the basic module.

[0019] The vacuum switch tube can be completely surrounded by the housing, in particular, except for the fixed contacts that are guided outward. Alternatively, the vacuum switch tube can be only partially surrounded by the housing, in particular in the area of ​​the movable contacts. The first variant enables the joints of the basic module or in particular the fixed contacts to be well electrically isolated from each other, thereby reducing or avoiding electric arcs in particular in the disconnected state with voltage applied. Electric arcs may cause damage or even destruction to the basic module and / or the vacuum switch tube. The second variant, that is, the vacuum switch tube is only partially surrounded by the housing, can save materials, thereby saving costs, and making the structure compact. In particular, in a live housing circuit breaker using an insulator as a housing, it may be sufficient to partially enclose the vacuum switch tube by the housing to achieve sufficient dielectric strength without electric arcs.

[0020] The at least two vacuum switching tubes may include different vacuum switching tubes, in particular at least one vacuum switching tube for interrupting current and at least one vacuum switching tube for voltage isolation, and the different vacuum switching tubes may be designed differently, in particular in terms of spatial dimensions, structure, travel and / or current / voltage carrying capacity. Thus, different tasks and use ranges of the basic module can be realized in a simple and cost-effective manner, for example, it can be used at a specific maximum voltage level and / or short-circuit current intensity. Depending on the size of the housing of the high-voltage switchgear and / or the basic module, the vacuum switching tube can be designed to have a predetermined current / voltage carrying capacity.

[0021] A high-voltage switchgear according to the invention having at least one basic module described above, in particular having exactly one basic module described above, comprises: the high-voltage switchgear is designed for switching voltages in the high-voltage range, in particular in the range of greater than or equal to 52 kV, and / or the high-voltage switchgear is filled with clean air as insulating gas. The use of clean air as insulating gas enables an environmentally friendly, CO2-neutral or climate-friendly insulation of the switchgear to be achieved internally. The advantages described above with respect to the basic module are particularly applicable to switchgear in the high-voltage range, for example in the switching voltage range of greater than 52 kV.

[0022] Each basic module of the high-voltage switchgear can include exactly two outward electrical connections and exactly one mechanical connection for the drive. As a result, the required full performance can be achieved with a minimum number of connections. The high-voltage switchgear can include basic modules with, in particular, standardized, identical external dimensions. As a result, a large number of basic modules can be achieved, which is associated with economies of scale, for example, low costs per basic module.

[0023] The advantages of the high-voltage switchgear according to the invention with at least one of the above-described basic modules, in particular with exactly one of the above-described basic modules, according to claim 13 are similar to the advantages of the above-described basic module for the high-voltage switchgear according to the invention according to claim 1 , and vice versa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are schematically illustrated in the drawings and are described in detail below.

[0025] Here, in the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 A basic module 1 for a high-voltage switchgear according to the invention is schematically shown, the basic module 1 having two vacuum interrupters 3 and a coupling element 5 arranged in a housing 4 and combined therein, and

[0027] Figure 2 The high-voltage switchgear 2 according to the present invention is schematically shown. The high-voltage switchgear 2 has Figure 1 The basic module 1 in. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Figure 1 A basic module 1 for a high-voltage switchgear according to the present invention is schematically shown in a transverse sectional view. The basic module 1 comprises two vacuum switch tubes 3 and a coupling element 5 arranged in a housing 4. The housing 4 is, for example, or comprises a housing made of plastic or metal, in particular of steel sheet and / or aluminum sheet. The housing 4 is, in particular, filled with an insulating material 7, such as an insulating gas, in particular SF6, CO2 and / or clean air, i.e., purified air, and / or filled with a solid as the insulating material 7, such as a resin, a polymer foam, a plastic, PTFE and / or PCTFE. The filling of the insulating material 7 can also form the housing 4 without including an outer boundary of the housing type.

[0029] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present invention, the basic module 1 includes two vacuum switch tubes 3. Alternatively, more than two vacuum switch tubes 3 may be included. The vacuum switch tube 3 has a housing, which includes, for example, a main shield in the middle and ceramic segments connected flush to the left and right. The main shield and the ceramic segment are, for example, constructed to be hollow cylindrical or tubular, and are closed in a fluid-tight manner at the ends of the vacuum switch tube 3. The vacuum switch tube 3 is evacuated or vacuumed inside. Contacts 9 and 10 extend from the ends of the vacuum switch tube 3 and extend into the housing of the vacuum switch tube 3, for example, the fixed contact 9 extends from one side or the bottom surface of the cylinder, and the movable contact 10 extends from the other side or the top surface of the cylinder, that is, the vacuum switch tube 3.

[0030] The main shield is made of metal, in particular copper and / or steel, for example, and includes a vaporization shield (Bedampfungsschirm) not shown in the drawings for simplicity. The hollow cylindrical ceramic segment is made of sintered ceramic, for example, and is in particular surface-treated. The ceramic segment includes, for example, ceramic segment elements connected to each other by a vapor shield (Dampfschirm). Here, when manufacturing the vacuum interrupter 3, for example, the connection is made by a welding process in a furnace at several hundred degrees Celsius. The vapor shield is made of metal, in particular copper and / or steel, for example, and is constructed to be annular. Inside the vacuum interrupter 3, the vapor shield includes, for example, a vaporization shield not shown in the drawings for simplicity. When pulled out, the vapor shield, for example, extends from the vacuum interrupter 3 in the form of a flat ring or extends beyond the circumference of the ceramic segment element. The vapor shield divides the corresponding ceramic segment into ceramic segment elements.

[0031] The contact pieces 9, 10 of the vacuum interrupter 3 are made of copper and / or steel, for example, and are in particular configured in a bolt-shaped manner and have, for example, slotted disc-shaped ends inside the vacuum interrupter 3. The fixed contact piece 9 is connected to a cover-shaped closure piece, for example, in a fluid-tight manner at one end of the vacuum interrupter 3, wherein the closure piece is made of metal, for example, copper and / or steel. The movable contact piece 10 is connected to a bellows, for example, in a fluid-tight manner at the other end of the vacuum interrupter 3, wherein the bellows is made of metal, for example, steel, and closes the vacuum interrupter 3 in a fluid-tight manner.

[0032] The vacuum switching tube can be electrically contacted by means of the outwardly directed bolts of the fixed contact 9 and the movable contact 10. The movable contact 10 enables electrical switching in such a way that, when connected, the gap between the disc-shaped contact ends of the contacts 9 and 10 is closed by moving toward the fixed contact 9; and when disconnected, the gap is generated between the disc-shaped contact ends of the contacts 9 and 10 by moving away from the fixed contact 9. Alternatively or additionally, two or more movable contacts can also be used. The gap generated between the contact ends of the contacts 9 and 10 and the contact ends themselves are arranged in the evacuated interior of the vacuum switching tube 3, so that a gap in the range of millimeters to centimeters is particularly sufficient for disconnecting high voltages. The vacuum switching tube 3 has, for example, a length in the range of 30 to 100 centimeters in particular and a circumference in the range of 10 to 100 centimeters in particular.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, for example, the control element 8 is arranged on the circumference of the vacuum switch tube 3 or at a position away from the housing, and / or is connected in parallel with the vacuum switch tube 3. The control element 8 is arranged in the housing 4, for example. The control element 8 is particularly a capacitor, a resistor and / or a varistor. The capacitor is particularly a ceramic capacitor, for example, the capacitance value of each capacitor is in the range of 10 to 4000 pF. Therefore, the total capacitance of the arrangement, for example, in the range of 10 to 4000 pF is obtained. The resistor is particularly an ohmic resistor, for example, the resistance value of each resistor is in the range of several ohms to hundreds of ohms or thousands of ohms or tens of thousands of ohms or hundreds of thousands of ohms. Therefore, the total resistance in the range of several ohms to hundreds of ohms, thousands of ohms, tens of thousands of ohms or hundreds of thousands of ohms is obtained. Through the control element 8, the voltage can be disconnected by the vacuum switch tube, especially when a plurality of vacuum switch tubes are connected in series.

[0034] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2In the embodiment of the present invention, two vacuum switch tubes 3 of the basic module 1 for the high-voltage switchgear 2 are electrically interconnected, in particular connected in series, via a coupling element 5. The elements of the coupling element 5 are electrically conductive, for example made of metal, in particular copper and / or steel, and electrically connect the movable contacts 10 in this embodiment to each other. In particular, when switching is performed, the movable contact 10 can be mechanically driven by the coupling element 5. In particular, a rotating element and / or a rotating transmission device can be provided, the coupling element 5 includes the rotating element and / or the rotating transmission device, which is arranged between the two vacuum switch tubes 3 and is mechanically and electrically connected to the movable contact 10, so as to drive the movable contact 10 in particular in the opposite direction when switching is performed.

[0035] The rotating element and / or the rotary transmission device is, for example, arranged in a particularly movable manner in the chamber 11, in order to enable the contact piece 10 to be moved, in particular when the housing 4 of the basic module 1 is filled with a solid as the insulating material 7. Here, the contact piece end of the movable contact piece 10 protruding from the interior of the vacuum interrupter 3 is arranged in a movable manner in the chamber 11 and is mechanically connected to the rotating element and / or the rotary transmission device in the chamber 11. In addition to the interior of the vacuum interrupter 3 and the chamber 11, the housing 4 can be filled or filled with the insulating material 7, for example by pouring and / or foaming with a solid. In particular, the drive shaft and / or drive rod 15 for driving the rotating element and / or the rotary transmission device, which is mechanically connected to the coupling element 5, is guided in a movable manner from the outside of the chamber 11 to the inside of the housing 4, for example in a sleeve 18. Alternatively, the chamber 11 is arranged, for example, directly on the side surface of the housing 4 to enable the movable element, such as a drive shaft, a rotating element and / or a rotating transmission and / or a movable contact 10 connected to the coupling element 5 to move, in particular when the housing 4 is filled with a solid insulating material 7. Alternatively or additionally, the coupling element 5, the drive rod 15 and the movable contact 10 and the region of their mechanical connection can be omitted or the insulating material 7 can be omitted.

[0036] Figure 2 The basic module 1 according to the invention is shown arranged in a high-voltage switchgear 2, in particular a circuit breaker or a high-voltage circuit breaker. When switching, the movable contact 10 of the vacuum switch tube 3 can be driven or moved by a drive rod 15, in particular a rotating shaft, in particular by a rotating element and / or a rotating transmission device included in a coupling element 5. The drive rod 15, as part of a kinematic chain, mechanically connects the movable contact 10 of the vacuum switch tube 3, in particular by a rotating element and / or a rotating transmission device included in the coupling element 5, to a drive device 6. The drive device 6 is, for example, a spring energy storage drive device and / or in particular comprises a motor.

[0037] In the embodiment of the figures, the vacuum interrupter 3 is arranged on a common axis 12 corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the vacuum interrupter 3, i.e. the vacuum interrupter 3 is arranged coaxially or concentrically. Alternatively, the vacuum interrupter 3 can be arranged with parallel longitudinal axes offset relative to each other, or with axes at an angle not equal to 180 degrees relative to each other, for example at an angle of 90 degrees, in particular when the vacuum interrupter 3 performs asynchronous switching. As an alternative to the rotational movement, the drive rod 15 can transmit the driving force by translational movement, in particular in combination with at least one transmission device. The drive rod 15 and the drive device 6 are, for example, located on a common axis, in particular the longitudinal axis of the drive device 6. Alternatively, further elements of the kinematic chain can be arranged between the drive device 6 and the coupling element 5, which further elements, for example, enable the drive device 6 to be arranged tilted or offset relative to the coupling element 5 and / or the drive rod 15. One or more drive devices 6 drive the basic module 1 or multiple basic modules 1, for example simultaneously or in a time-staggered manner.

[0038] The drawings show by way of example an embodiment in which the vacuum interrupter 3 and the drive device 6 have a T-shaped arrangement, wherein the vacuum interrupter 3 is arranged on a common axis 12 in the housing 4, the longitudinal axis 12 of the vacuum interrupter 3 is coaxial, and the coupling element 5 is arranged between the vacuum interrupter 3 in the housing 4. The drive rod 15 is arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to the axis 12 and is coaxially arranged with the drive device 6 on the common longitudinal axis of the drive device 13, thereby obtaining a T-shaped arrangement. As an example in Figure 2 The high-voltage switchgear 2 schematically shown in a transverse sectional view in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 16, which is filled with an insulating gas 14, for example, SF6, CO2 and / or clean air or purified air, for example. A basic module 1 is arranged in the housing 16 of the high-voltage switchgear 2, which is electrically contacted and / or mechanically fixed, for example, by a fixed contact 9 of a vacuum interrupter 3 extending from the basic module 1. For this purpose, a connection 17 of the high-voltage switchgear, for example, for electrical connection to a power grid, to an electrical device and / or facility to be switched, is guided from the outside into the housing 16 and is electrically and / or mechanically connected to the fixed contact 9 of the vacuum interrupter 3, which is used for contacting the basic module 1. The drive device 6 fixed to the housing 16 is mechanically connected to the basic module 1, in particular to the coupling element 5 of the basic module 5, for example, by a drive rod 15, which is guided from the drive device 6 to the basic module 1 in the housing 16. Therefore, the driving force or driving movement of the drive device 6 can be transmitted to the coupling element 5 via the drive rod or drive shaft, and then transmitted to the movable contact 10 of the vacuum switching tube 3, especially when the high-voltage switchgear 2 or the basic module 1 is switched.

[0039] The embodiments described above can be combined with each other and / or with the prior art. Thus, for example, instead of one basic module 1, two or more basic modules 1 can also be arranged in the housing 16 of the high-voltage switchgear 2. The high-voltage switchgear 2 can have more than one housing 16 with a basic module 1 or a plurality of basic modules 1, in particular, these basic modules 1 are implemented identically, for example standardized. For example, a housing 16 with a basic module 1 and / or a plurality of basic modules 1 can be provided for each electrical phase to be switched. For this purpose, one or more drive devices 6 can be provided.

[0040] The vacuum switching tubes 3 of one or more basic modules 1 can be connected in series and / or in parallel. The housing 16 of the high-voltage switchgear 2 is, for example, a metal can housing sealed in a gas-tight manner and / or an insulator housing sealed in a gas-tight manner. The metal can housing is, for example, made of steel and / or aluminum, and is in particular at ground potential in a dead-tank manner. The insulator housing is, for example, made of ceramic, silicone and / or a composite material, and in particular has a ribbed outer surface for extending the leakage current path. The housing 16 is, for example, filled with clean air, i.e. purified air as an insulating gas 14, which is climate-neutral. Alternatively or additionally, insulating gases 14 such as SF6 and / or CO2 can also be used.

[0041] The coupling element 5 is arranged in the chamber 11, in particular in the case of a solid insulating material 7 in the housing 4. In the case of an insulating material in the form of a gas, such as SF6, CO2 and / or clean air, in the housing 4, the chamber 11 can be omitted. The chamber 11, the housing 4 and / or the housing 16 can contain gases at different pressures.

[0042] As shown in the drawings, the vacuum switch tubes 3 are connected to each other via a movable contact 10, in particular electrically and mechanically via a coupling element 5. Alternatively, the vacuum switch tubes 3 can be electrically connected to each other via a fixed contact 9 (e.g., via a cable), and mechanically, such as electrically insulated, via a coupling element. Or the electrical and / or mechanical connection is performed via a movable contact 10 and a fixed contact 9. In order to move or drive the movable contact 10, a drive device 6, such as a motor drive device and / or a spring energy storage drive device or a plurality of drive devices 6, can be provided. The elements of the kinematic chain can include a drive rod 15, a transmission device and / or a shaft. Alternatively, the coupling element 5 can be driven directly by the drive device 6.

[0043] The use of identical or different basic modules 1, which can be produced in large quantities at low cost, in particular with identical external dimensions, enables easy replacement in high-voltage switchgear 1. Different basic modules, in particular with identical external dimensions and / or connections, can be used in one type of switchgear. Thus, for example, when different vacuum switching tubes 3 and / or different numbers of vacuum switching tubes 3 are used in one or more basic modules 1, the switch type can be easily adapted to different voltages and / or currents to be switched. Alternatively, identical or different basic modules 1, in particular with identical external dimensions and / or connections, can be used in different high-voltage switchgear 2, wherein, for example, in order to adapt to the voltage and / or current to be switched, when using, in particular, standardized, inexpensive basic modules 1, the number of basic modules 1 in the switchgear type is changed, i.e., the housing 16 is adjusted according to the desired switching characteristics.

[0044] Reference numerals list

[0045] 1 Basic Module

[0046] 2 High voltage switchgear

[0047] 3 Vacuum switch tube

[0048] 4 Shell

[0049] 5 Coupling element to the drive unit

[0050] 6. Drive device

[0051] 7. Insulation Materials

[0052] 8 Control elements

[0053] 9Fixed contacts

[0054] 10 movable contacts

[0055] 11 Chambers

[0056] 12 Longitudinal axis of vacuum switch tube

[0057] 13 Longitudinal axis of the drive device

[0058] 14 Insulating gas

[0059] 15 driving rod

[0060] 16 High voltage switchgear housing

[0061] 17 Connectors for high voltage switchgear

[0062] 18 sleeve

Claims

1. A basic module (1) for a high-voltage switchgear (2), the basic module having at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) and having at least one coupling element (5) for mechanically coupling the vacuum switching tubes (3) to a drive device (6), It is characterized in that The at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) and the at least one coupling element (5) are arranged in a housing (4) in such a way as to be combined into a basic module (1).

2. The basic module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The basic module (1) is filled with an insulating material (7), in particular a solid insulating material (7).

3. The basic module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulating material (7) is and / or includes resin, polymer foam, plastic, PTFE and / or PCTFE.

4. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that A control element (8), in particular a capacitor, a resistor and / or a varistor, is arranged in the housing (4), in particular a control element (8) for each of the at least two vacuum switching tubes (3).

5. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) are electrically connected in series with one another, and in particular the at least one coupling element (5) is spatially arranged between the at least two vacuum switching tubes (3).

6. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) each have at least one fixed contact piece (9) and at least one movable contact piece (10), wherein the fixed contact piece (9) is guided out of the housing (4) as an electrical connection of the basic module (1), and / or the movable contact piece (10) is mechanically connected to the at least one coupling element (5) in a movable manner in a chamber (11) arranged outside the vacuum switching tube (3) and inside the housing (4).

7. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The vacuum interrupters (3) are arranged coaxially on a longitudinal axis (12), and / or the at least one coupling element (5) is arranged between the at least two vacuum interrupters (3), in particular comprising a rotating sleeve.

8. The basic module (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that The drive device (6) can be arranged with its longitudinal axis (14) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (12) of the vacuum interrupter (3).

9. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The vacuum switching tubes (3) are arranged with their longitudinal axes at an angle not equal to 180 degrees to each other or arranged parallel to each other, in particular for asynchronous opening and closing of the vacuum switching tubes (3), in particular using a drive device (6).

10. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that It contains exactly two vacuum switching tubes (3).

11. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The vacuum switching tube (3) is completely surrounded by the housing (4), in particular with the exception of the fixed contact piece (9) guided outwards, or the vacuum switching tube (3) is only partially surrounded by the housing (4), in particular in the area of ​​the movable contact piece (10).

12. Basic module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least two vacuum switching tubes (3) include different vacuum switching tubes (3), in particular at least one vacuum switching tube (3) for interrupting current and at least one vacuum switching tube (3) for voltage isolation, wherein the different vacuum switching tubes (3) are designed differently, in particular in terms of spatial dimensions, structure, stroke and / or current / voltage carrying capacity.

13. A high-voltage switchgear (2) comprising at least one basic module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular comprising exactly one basic module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The high-voltage switchgear (2) is designed for switching voltages in the high-voltage range, in particular in the range of greater than or equal to 52 kV, and / or the high-voltage switchgear (2) is filled with clean air as insulating gas (14).

14. The high-voltage switchgear (2) according to claim 13, characterized in that: Each basic module (1) comprises exactly two external electrical connections and exactly one mechanical connection for a drive (6) and / or comprises basic modules (1) having, in particular, standardized, identical external dimensions.

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