Orchard fruit tree pruning device and pruning method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device and a pruning method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fruit tree pruning, the height of a pruning mechanism can be adjusted through deflection of a main conveying belt in a conveying mechanism, branches above fruit trees can be pruned, and the main conveying belt can deflect downwards to make the pruning mechanism close to the ground; new branches growing on the ground at the roots of fruit trees are trimmed, the application range of the device is enlarged, meanwhile, the new branches trimmed from the roots can be conveyed into the smashing box to be smashed after being conveyed by the auxiliary conveying belt and the main conveying belt, manual carrying of workers is not needed, the labor amount of the workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. When the main conveying belt of the conveying mechanism deflects downwards, the compressing mechanism can be driven to work, after an auxiliary pressing plate and a main pressing plate in the compressing mechanism are combined into a compressing plate, the compressing plate is driven to descend to compress branch disintegrating slag on the lower portion, in the compressing process, gaps between the disintegrating slag are extruded to be reduced, and therefore the overall size is reduced, and the occupied size of the disintegrating slag is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree pruning, and in particular to an orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device and a pruning method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fruit tree pruning is a very important technical measure in orchard production management. Reasonable pruning plays a vital role in increasing fruit tree yields, extending fruit-bearing years, and improving fruit quality. At present, fruit tree pruning in my country is mainly done manually with the help of scissors, saws, ladders, stools and other tools. There are problems such as high technical requirements, poor working conditions, high labor intensity and low efficiency. With the transfer of rural labor to cities, there is a serious shortage of labor in orchards, and research on mechanized pruning technology has become inevitable.

[0003] The patent with publication number CN114982498A discloses an integrated fruit tree pruning and recycling device based on automation. Through the setting of a medicine barrel and a hose, the nozzle is first fixed on the mounting plate, and the medicine for disinfecting fruit tree wounds and scissors is added to the medicine barrel. The scissors disinfectant in the medicine barrel can be drawn into the nozzle through the hose and sprayed out, so that the scissors disinfectant is sprayed out while the fruit trees are pruned, which can effectively avoid cross infection after pruning diseased branches, make the pruning equipment multi-functional, and greatly reduce the workload of fruit farmers.

[0004] However, the above prior art has the following technical defects: 1. This device cannot prune new branches growing from the roots of fruit trees. Fertilizers are applied during the growth of fruit trees in orchards to ensure that the fruit trees have enough nutrients. However, new branches will grow from the roots of the fruit trees under such environmental conditions and extend from the ground. These new branches compete with the main trunk for nutrients and water, which is not conducive to the growth of fruit trees. However, due to the pillars, this device can only prune the branches above the fruit trees and cannot prune the new branches of fruit trees close to the ground, resulting in a small range of use for the device. Even if the pillars are replaced with mechanical arms to allow the electric pruning shears to approach the ground, the pruning position is lower than the entrance of the crushing box, and the pruned branches cannot automatically enter the crushing box. Manual handling is required by staff, increasing the workload of staff. Second: This device will send the pruned branches into a crushing box and crush them into debris for storage. The structure of the branch debris is usually loose and lacks tight arrangement, so that it occupies more space when stacked. The branch debris is usually composed of irregularly shaped fragments with many gaps between the fragments. These gaps make the same mass of debris occupy a larger volume, causing the crushing box to be easily filled. Therefore, the staff needs to clean the debris in the crushing box frequently, which is time-consuming and reduces work efficiency.

[0005] In summary, the prior art still has room for improvement in increasing the number of devices for pruning fruit trees and reducing the number of workers cleaning the debris in the crushing box. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device that can prune new branches at the roots of fruit trees and send the pruned new branches into the crushing box and reduce the volume occupied by the debris in the crushing box. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, in the first aspect, the present application provides an orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device, which adopts the following technical solution: Includes cart.

[0007] The cart is provided with a conveying mechanism, which includes two symmetrically arranged vertical plates, between which a main conveyor belt is rotatably installed, and on the side of the vertical plate a first cylinder is rotatably installed which is connected to the end of a telescopic arm and the side of the main conveyor belt.

[0008] A first C-shaped plate is slidably arranged above the main conveyor belt, two Z-shaped plates are symmetrically installed on the side of the first C-shaped plate, a second C-shaped plate is rotatably installed between the two Z-shaped plates, an auxiliary conveyor belt is installed on the upper side of the second C-shaped plate, and a second cylinder rotatably connected to the end of a telescopic arm and the side of the auxiliary conveyor belt is rotatably installed on the side of the first C-shaped plate.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the cart, a crushing mechanism is installed in the mounting groove, and the crushing mechanism includes a crushing box adapted to the mounting groove.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a compression mechanism, which is slidably arranged on a main pressure plate inside the crushing box, a stepped groove is opened at the center of the upper surface of the main pressure plate, and two auxiliary pressure plates adapted thereto are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the stepped groove.

[0011] Preferably, a bar track is provided on both sides of the two auxiliary pressure plates, and two sliding blocks connected to the side surfaces of the two auxiliary pressure plates are slidably provided in the track of the bar track.

[0012] Preferably, a group of vertical rods are installed on the upper side of the cart on both sides of the crushing box, and a bar seat is slidably provided on each group of two vertical rods, and a group of first springs are symmetrically provided between the cart and the bar seat.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting frame is installed on the upper side of the strip seat, an L-shaped plate is slidably arranged inside the mounting frame, the lower end of which extends into the crushing box and is fixedly connected to the crushing roller, and a second spring is arranged above the L-shaped plate inside the mounting frame.

[0014] Preferably, a mounting rod is installed on the upper side of the cart at one side of each group of two vertical rods, and a mounting seat is slidably provided on the mounting rod.

[0015] Preferably, a strip groove is provided on the side of the mounting seat, and a driving rod whose end is rotatably connected to the side of the main conveyor belt is slidably arranged in the strip groove.

[0016] Preferably, an electromagnet is installed at the end of the strip seat close to the mounting seat, and an iron block matching with the electromagnet is installed at the end of the mounting seat close to the electromagnet.

[0017] On the other hand, the present application also discloses a method for shaping and pruning fruit trees in an orchard, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Pruning the branches above the fruit trees: the main conveyor belt is deflected upward to drive the pruning mechanism to move to the pruning position, and then the branches above the fruit trees are pruned.

[0018] S2. Disinfect the pruned area by using a spray mechanism to disinfect the pruned area of ​​the fruit trees.

[0019] S3. Crushing of branches: using a crushing mechanism to crush the pruned branches into debris.

[0020] S4. Clean the new branches at the roots. Let the main conveyor belt deflect downward to drive the pruning mechanism close to the ground, and then prune the new branches growing on the ground at the roots of the fruit trees.

[0021] S5, crushed slag compression, when the main conveyor belt deflects downward, it drives the compression mechanism to work and compress the crushed slag in the crushing box.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention is provided with a conveying mechanism. The height of the pruning mechanism can be adjusted by utilizing the deflection of the main conveyor belt in the conveying mechanism, so that branches above the fruit tree can be pruned. Alternatively, the main conveyor belt can be deflected downward to allow the pruning mechanism to be close to the ground, so that new branches growing from the ground at the root of the fruit tree can be pruned, thereby increasing the application range of the device. At the same time, the new branches pruned from the roots can also be transported by the auxiliary conveyor belt and the main conveyor belt and then transported to a crushing box for crushing, without the need for manual handling by the staff, thereby reducing the workload of the staff.

[0023] 2. The present invention cooperates with the conveying mechanism and the compression mechanism. When the main conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism deflects downward, it can drive the compression mechanism to work, so that the auxiliary pressure plate and the main pressure plate in the compression mechanism are combined into a compression plate and then driven to descend to compress the branch debris below. During the compression process, the gaps between the debris are squeezed and reduced, thereby reducing the overall volume and reducing the volume occupied by the debris. At the same time, each time the main conveyor belt deflects up and down, the debris in the crushing box can be compressed once, so that more debris can be stored in the crushing box, reducing the number of times the staff cleans the crushing box, reducing the workload of the staff, and reducing the time spent, thereby speeding up the pruning efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the second state structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a side view of the conveying mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trimming mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the trimming mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the compression mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the compression mechanism of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 Enlarged view of part A.

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.14 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the spray mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.15 yes Fig.12 Enlarged view of part B.

[0040] In the figure: 1. cart; 2. conveying mechanism; 201. vertical plate; 202. main conveyor belt; 203. first cylinder; 204. mounting plate; 205. driving motor; 206. screw rod; 207. threaded seat; 208. limit rod; 209. first U-shaped plate; 210. Z-shaped plate; 211. second U-shaped plate; 212. auxiliary conveyor belt; 213. second cylinder; 3. crushing mechanism; 301. crushing box; 302. inclined plate; 303. crushing motor; 304. crushing roller; 305. box door; 4. compression mechanism; 401. main pressure plate; 402. auxiliary pressure plate; 403. strip track; 404. slider; 405. vertical rod; 406. strip seat; 407. first spring ; 408, limit plate; 409, mounting frame; 410, slide bar; 411, L-shaped plate; 412, second spring; 413, electromagnet; 414, mounting rod; 415, mounting seat; 416, strip groove; 417, drive rod; 418, iron block; 5, trimming mechanism; 501, shell; 502, trimming motor; 503, shaft; 504, saw blade; 505, first bevel gear; 506, second bevel gear; 6, spray mechanism; 601, liquid tank; 602, horizontal pipe; 603, spray head; 604, connecting hose; 605, liquid pump; 606, L-shaped seat; 607, gear; 608, third bevel gear; 609, fourth bevel gear; 610, stirring member; 611, rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is combined with Figure 1 - Fig.15 Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application discloses an orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device and a pruning method thereof. The height of the pruning mechanism can be adjusted by utilizing the deflection of the main conveyor belt in the conveying mechanism, so that branches above the fruit tree can be pruned. The main conveyor belt can also be deflected downward to allow the pruning mechanism to be closer to the ground, so that new branches growing from the ground at the root of the fruit tree can be pruned, thereby increasing the application range of the device. At the same time, the new branches pruned from the roots can also be conveyed by the auxiliary conveyor belt and the main conveyor belt and then transported to a crushing box for crushing, without the need for manual handling by the staff, thereby reducing the workload of the staff. Embodiment 1:

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a cart 1 is included, and a user pushes the device to move by means of the cart 1 .

[0044] A conveying mechanism 2 is provided on the cart 1, and the conveying mechanism 2 includes two symmetrically arranged vertical plates 201, and a main conveyor belt 202 is rotatably installed between the two vertical plates 201. A first cylinder 203 rotatably connected to the side of the main conveyor belt 202 and the end of a telescopic arm is rotatably installed on the side of the vertical plate 201. The two first cylinders 203 can drive the main conveyor belt 202 to deflect around the rotation connection with the vertical plate 201 by telescoping.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, two mounting plates 204 are symmetrically installed on the side of the main conveyor belt 202, and a driving motor 205 is installed on the side of one of the mounting plates 204. The driving end of the driving motor 205 passes through the mounting plate 204 and is equipped with a screw 206 that is rotatably connected to the other mounting plate 204. After the driving motor 205 is energized, the running driving motor 205 drives the screw 206 to rotate.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, a limit rod 208 is installed between the two mounting plates 204 above the screw rod 206, and a threaded seat 207 slidably connected to the limit rod 208 is provided on the screw rod 206. A first C-shaped plate 209 is installed on the side of the threaded seat 207. The rotating screw rod 206 drives the threaded seat 207 to move, and the moving threaded seat 207 drives the first C-shaped plate 209 and the components thereon to move.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, two Z-shaped plates 210 are symmetrically installed on the side of the first C-shaped plate 209, a second C-shaped plate 211 is rotatably installed between the two Z-shaped plates 210, an auxiliary conveyor belt 212 is installed on the upper side of the second C-shaped plate 211, and a second cylinder 213 is rotatably installed on the side of the first C-shaped plate 209, and the end of the telescopic arm is rotatably connected to the side of the auxiliary conveyor belt 212. The extension and retraction of the second cylinder 213 can drive the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 to deflect around the rotation connection between the second C-shaped plate 211 and the Z-shaped plate 210.

[0048] As 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a trimming mechanism 5 is provided on the upper side of the second U-shaped plate 211 and on one side of the auxiliary conveyor belt 212. The trimming mechanism 5 includes a shell 501. A trimming motor 502 is installed on the side of the shell 501. The driving end of the trimming motor 502 extends into the shell and is installed with a shaft 503 rotatably connected to the inner wall thereof. When the trimming motor 502 is energized, the running trimming motor 502 drives the shaft 503 to rotate.

[0049] like Figure 6As shown, a plurality of evenly distributed first bevel teeth 505 are installed on the inner bottom surface of the shell 501, and the lower ends of the first bevel teeth 505 extend to the outside of the shell 501 and are installed with a saw blade 504. The side surface of the shaft 503 is installed with a second bevel tooth 506 meshing with each first bevel tooth 505. The rotating shaft 503 drives all the second bevel teeth 506 to rotate, and each rotating second bevel tooth 506 drives the saw blade 504 to rotate through the first bevel tooth 505 meshing with it, so that all the saw blades 504 rotate.

[0050] In summary, when pruning is performed above the fruit trees, the two first cylinders 203 extend to drive the main conveyor belt 202 to tilt upward, thereby driving the pruning mechanism 5 to rise until the predetermined pruning height is reached, and then the second cylinder 213 shortens and drives the second Z-shaped plate 211 to deflect around the rotating connection with the Z-shaped plate 210 through the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 until the pruning mechanism 5 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 are vertical, and the driving motor 205 drives the screw rod 206 to rotate, and the rotating screw rod 206 drives the threaded seat 207 to move, and the moving threaded seat 207 drives the first Z-shaped plate 209 and the components thereon to move until the pruning mechanism 5 moves to the center position at the top of the main conveyor belt 202, and the pruning motor 502 is energized to rotate all the saw blades 504, and then the staff pushes the device to move and uses the moving pruning mechanism 5 to prune the fruit trees.

[0051] When the pruning above the fruit tree is completed, the driving motor 205 drives the screw rod 206 in reverse to restore the position of the pruning mechanism 5. At the same time, the first cylinder 203 shortens to drive the main conveyor belt 202 to tilt downward until the end is close to the ground. At the same time, the second cylinder 213 extends to deflect the second U-shaped plate 211, driving the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 and the pruning mechanism 5 to be parallel to the ground. Then the pruning mechanism 5 continues to run, and the staff pushes the device to move, and uses the running pruning mechanism 5 to prune the new branches growing from the roots of the fruit trees. The pruned new branches fall on the auxiliary conveyor belt 212, and the running auxiliary conveyor belt 212 transports them to the main conveyor belt 202, and then the main conveyor belt 202 continues to transport them.

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the cart 1, and a crushing mechanism 3 is installed in the mounting groove. The crushing mechanism 3 includes a crushing box 301 adapted to the mounting groove, an entrance is provided at the center of the upper side of the crushing box 301, and a group of inclined plates 302 are installed at the entrance port. The main conveyor belt 202 transports the pruned branches to the entrance of the crushing box 301 and uses two inclined plates 302 to guide them.

[0053] like Figure 8As shown, two crushing motors 303 are installed on the side of the crushing box 301. The driving end of the crushing motor 303 extends into the crushing box 301 and is installed with a crushing roller 304 whose end is rotatably connected to its inner wall. A box door 305 is arranged on the side of the crushing box 301 near the bottom. The inclined plate 302 guides the branches to fall between the two crushing rollers 304. The two crushing motors 303 drive the two crushing rollers 304 to rotate in opposite directions. When the branches fall between the two crushing rollers 304, the crushing rollers 304 are used to crush them. The door 305 is opened to clean out the debris in the crushing box 301.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 9-11 As shown, it also includes a compression mechanism 4, which is slidably arranged on a main pressure plate 401 inside the crushing box 301. A step groove is opened in the center of the upper surface of the main pressure plate 401, and two auxiliary pressure plates 402 that are compatible with it are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the step groove. When the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 are tilted, the debris of the broken branches can fall from between the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 to under the main pressure plate 401. When the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 cover the step groove, they can form a compression plate.

[0055] like Figure 9-11 As shown, a bar track 403 is provided on both sides of the two auxiliary pressure plates 402, and two sliders 404 connected to the sides of the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 are slidably provided in the track of the bar track 403. When the bar track 403 descends, the descending bar track 403 cooperates with the two sliders 404 to drive the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 to deflect around the rotation connection with the step groove, so that the inclined plate 302 covers the step groove. When the bar track 403 rises, it can drive the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 to reverse and deflect around the rotation connection with the step groove.

[0056] like Fig. 9 As shown, a group of vertical rods 405 are installed on the upper side of the trolley 1 on both sides of the crushing box 301, and a bar seat 406 is slidably provided on each group of two vertical rods 405. A group of first springs 407 are symmetrically provided between the trolley 1 and the bar seat 406. A limiting plate 408 is installed above the bar seat 406 at the upper end of the vertical rod 405. The limiting plate 408 limits the bar seat 406, and the descending bar seat 406 can compress the first spring 407.

[0057] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, a mounting frame 409 is installed on the upper side of the bar seat 406, and an L-shaped plate 411 is slidably arranged inside the mounting frame 409, the lower end of which extends into the crushing box 301 and is fixedly connected to the crushing roller 304. A slide rod 410 penetrating the L-shaped plate 411 is installed inside the mounting frame 409, and a second spring 412 is sleeved on the outside of the slide rod 410. The descending bar seat 406 can drive the L-shaped plate 411 to descend, and drive the two bar rails 403 to descend, so that the auxiliary pressure plate 402 and the main pressure plate 401 form a compression plate and then drive it to descend to compress the branch debris below. At the same time, after reaching the compression limit, the L-shaped plate 411 is stopped from descending, and the mounting frame 409 that continues to descend compresses the second spring 412 through the L-shaped plate 411.

[0058] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a mounting rod 414 is installed on one side of each group of two vertical rods 405 on the upper side of the cart 1, and a mounting seat 415 is slidably arranged on the mounting rod 414. The mounting seat 415 can only slide up and down around the mounting rod 414 and cannot rotate around the connection. A strip groove 416 is opened on the side of the mounting seat 415, and a driving rod 417 whose end is rotatably connected to the side of the main conveyor belt 202 is slidably arranged in the strip groove 416. When the main conveyor belt 202 deflects downward, the two driving rods 417 are driven to descend, and the descending driving rod 417 drives the two mounting seats 415 to descend.

[0059] like Fig. 9 As shown, an electromagnet 413 is installed at the end of the bar seat 406 close to the mounting seat 415, and an iron block 418 matched with it is installed at the end of the mounting seat 415 close to the electromagnet 413. When the iron block 418 is energized to generate magnetic force, the descending mounting seat 415 drives the iron block 418 to descend. When the iron block 418 contacts the electromagnet 413, it is fixed to the electromagnet 413 by magnetic force, and then the descending mounting seat 415 drives the bar seat 406 to descend.

[0060] In summary, when the device prunes the branches above the fruit trees, the main conveyor belt 202 transports the pruned branches to the entrance of the crushing box 301, and the branches are guided by the inclined plate 302 to fall between the two crushing rollers 304. The two crushing motors 303 drive the two crushing rollers 304 to rotate in opposite directions. When the branches fall between the two crushing rollers 304, the crushing rollers 304 are used to crush them.

[0061] When the main conveyor belt 202 deflects downward to prune the new branches growing out of the roots of the fruit trees, the main conveyor belt 202 deflects downward to drive the two driving rods 417 to descend, and the descending driving rods 417 drive the two mounting seats 415 to descend, and at the same time drive the iron block 418 to descend. When the iron block 418 contacts the electromagnet 413, it is fixed to the electromagnet 413 by magnetic force, driving the bar seat 406 to descend. While the descending bar seat 406 compresses the first spring 407, it can also drive the L-shaped plate 411 to descend, so that the two bar tracks 403 descend, allowing the auxiliary pressure plate 402 and the main pressure plate 401 to form a pressure plate. After the plate is retracted, it is driven to descend to compress the branch debris below. When the main conveyor belt 202 is deflected, the iron block 418 is energized at the same time, and then it contacts the two electromagnets 413. All the compressed first springs 407 rebound and drive the bar seat 406 to rise until the position is restored. The rising bar track 403 allows the auxiliary pressure plate 402 to deflect in the opposite direction around the rotating connection through the slider 404 until the two sliders 404 reach the two ends of the bar track 403. Then the rising bar track 403 drives the main pressure plate 401 to rise through the slider 404 and the auxiliary pressure plate 402 until the position is restored.

[0062] like Figure 12-14 As shown, it also includes a spray mechanism 6, which includes a transverse pipe 602 installed on the upper side of the shell 501, and a plurality of uniformly distributed and downwardly inclined nozzles 603 are installed on the side of the transverse pipe 602. A liquid tank 601 is installed on the upper side of the cart 1 on one side of the crushing box 301, and a liquid pump 605 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid tank 601. A connecting hose 604 connected to the transverse pipe 602 is installed at the output end of the liquid pump 605. The liquid tank 601 is used to store disinfectants. During pruning, the running liquid pump 605 draws the disinfectant into the connecting hose 604, which is transported to the transverse pipe 602 through the connecting hose, and finally sprayed to the pruning position of the fruit tree by each nozzle 603 to disinfect the pruning position. Embodiment 2:

[0063] like Fig.13 and Fig.15 As shown, on the basis of embodiment one, an L-shaped seat 606 is installed on the side of the liquid tank 601 near the upper part, and a gear 607 is rotatably installed on the side of the L-shaped seat 606. A rack 611 meshing with the gear 607 is installed on the side of the mounting seat 415 near the gear 607. The descending mounting seat 415 can drive the rack 611 to descend, and the descending rack 611 drives the gear 607 to rotate.

[0064] like Fig.13 and Fig.14As shown, a third bevel gear 608 is rotatably installed at the center of the upper side of the liquid tank 601, the lower end of the third bevel gear 608 extends into the liquid tank 601 and is installed with a stirring member 610, one end of the gear 607 passes through the L-shaped seat 606 and is installed with a fourth bevel gear 609 meshing with the third bevel gear 608, the rotating gear 607 drives the fourth bevel gear 609 to rotate, the rotating fourth bevel gear 609 drives the stirring member 610 to rotate through the third bevel gear 608, and the disinfectant in the liquid tank 601 is stirred, so that the disinfectant is in a uniform state before spraying, thereby improving the disinfection effect.

[0065] The present application also discloses a method for shaping and pruning fruit trees in an orchard, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Pruning branches above the fruit trees. The main conveyor belt 202 is deflected upward to drive the pruning mechanism 5 to move to the pruning position, and then the branches above the fruit trees are pruned. Specifically, the two first cylinders 203 are extended to drive the main conveyor belt 202 to tilt upward, thereby driving the pruning mechanism 5 to rise until it reaches the predetermined pruning height. Then the second cylinder 213 is shortened to drive the second C-shaped plate 211 to deflect around the rotation connection with the Z-shaped plate 210 through the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 until the pruning mechanism 5 and the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 are vertical. The driving motor 205 drives the screw rod 206 to rotate, and the rotating screw rod 206 drives the threaded seat 207 to move. The moving threaded seat 207 drives the first C-shaped plate 209 and the components thereon to move until the pruning mechanism 5 moves to the center position at the top of the main conveyor belt 202, and the pruning motor 502 is energized to rotate all the saw blades 504. Then the staff pushes the device to move and uses the moving pruning mechanism 5 to prune the branches above the fruit trees.

[0066] S2. Disinfection of the pruned area. The pruned area of ​​the fruit trees is disinfected by using the spray mechanism 6. Specifically, before pruning, a disinfectant is injected into the liquid tank 601. During the pruning process, the liquid pump 605 is powered on. The running liquid pump 605 draws the disinfectant into the connecting hose 604, which is then transported to the horizontal pipe 602. Finally, each nozzle 603 sprays the disinfectant onto the pruned area of ​​the fruit trees to disinfect the pruned area.

[0067] S3, branch crushing, using the crushing mechanism 3 to crush the pruned branches into debris. Specifically, the branches pruned by the pruning mechanism 5 fall on the main conveyor belt 202, and the pruned branches are transported to the entrance of the crushing box 301 through the running main conveyor belt 202. The inclined plate 302 guides the branches to fall between the two crushing rollers 304. The two crushing motors 303 drive the two crushing rollers 304 to rotate in opposite directions. When the branches fall between the two crushing rollers 304, the crushing rollers 304 are used to crush them. The crushed debris continues to fall from between the two auxiliary pressure plates 402 and falls under the main pressure plate 401.

[0068] S4, cleaning the new branches at the roots, allowing the main conveyor belt 202 to deflect downward to drive the pruning mechanism 5 close to the ground, and then pruning the new branches growing on the ground at the roots of the fruit trees. Specifically, the driving motor 205 drives the screw rod 206 in reverse to restore the position of the pruning mechanism 5, and at the same time the first cylinder 203 shortens and drives the main conveyor belt 202 to tilt downward until the end is close to the ground, and at the same time the second cylinder 213 extends to deflect the second U-shaped plate 211, driving the auxiliary conveyor belt 212 and the pruning mechanism 5 to be parallel to the ground, and then the pruning mechanism 5 continues to run, and the staff pushes the device to move, and uses the running pruning mechanism 5 to prune the new branches growing at the roots of the fruit trees, and the pruned new branches fall on the auxiliary conveyor belt 212, and the running auxiliary conveyor belt 212 transports them to the main conveyor belt 202, and then the main conveyor belt 202 continues to transport them to the crushing mechanism 3 for crushing.

[0069] S5, slag compression, when the main conveyor belt 202 deflects downward, it drives the compression mechanism 4 to work and compress the slag in the crushing box 301. Specifically, when the main conveyor belt 202 deflects downward, it drives the two driving rods 417 to descend, and the descending driving rods 417 drive the two mounting seats 415 to descend, and at the same time drive the iron block 418 to descend. When the iron block 418 contacts the electromagnet 413, it is fixed to the electromagnet 413 by magnetic force, driving the bar seat 406 to descend. While the descending bar seat 406 compresses the first spring 407, it can also drive the L-shaped plate 411 to descend, so that the two bar tracks 403 are descended, so that the auxiliary pressure plate 402 and the main pressure plate 402 are pressed together. After the pressure plate 401 forms a compression plate, it is driven to descend to compress the branch debris below to reduce its occupied volume. After the main conveyor belt 202 is deflected, the iron block 418 is energized at the same time, and then it contacts the two electromagnets 413. All compressed first springs 407 rebound and drive the bar seat 406 to rise until the position is restored. The rising bar track 403 allows the auxiliary pressure plate 402 to deflect in the opposite direction around the rotating connection through the slider 404 until the two sliders 404 reach the two ends of the bar track 403. Then the rising bar track 403 drives the main pressure plate 401 to rise through the slider 404 and the auxiliary pressure plate 402 until the position is restored.

[0070] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects.

[0071] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for shaping and pruning fruit trees in an orchard, comprising a cart (1), characterized in that: The cart (1) is provided with a conveying mechanism (2), the conveying mechanism (2) comprising two symmetrically arranged vertical plates (201), a main conveyor belt (202) being rotatably mounted between the two vertical plates (201), and a first cylinder (203) being rotatably mounted on the side of the vertical plate (201) and being rotatably connected to the end of a telescopic arm and the side of the main conveyor belt (202); A first C-shaped plate (209) is slidably arranged above the main conveyor belt (202); two Z-shaped plates (210) are symmetrically installed on the side of the first C-shaped plate (209); a second C-shaped plate (211) is rotatably installed between the two Z-shaped plates (210); an auxiliary conveyor belt (212) is installed on the upper side of the second C-shaped plate (211); and a second cylinder (213) rotatably connected to the end of a telescopic arm and the side of the auxiliary conveyor belt (212) is rotatably installed on the side of the first C-shaped plate (209).

2. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting groove is provided on the side of the cart (1), a crushing mechanism (3) is installed in the mounting groove, and the crushing mechanism (3) comprises a crushing box (301) adapted to the mounting groove.

3. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a compression mechanism (4), wherein the compression mechanism (4) is slidably arranged on a main pressure plate (401) inside the crushing box (301), a stepped groove is provided at the centre of the upper surface of the main pressure plate (401), and two auxiliary pressure plates (402) adapted thereto are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the stepped groove.

4. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A strip track (403) is provided on both sides of the two auxiliary pressure plates (402), and two sliding blocks (404) connected to the side surfaces of the two auxiliary pressure plates (402) are slidably provided in the track of the strip track (403).

5. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A group of vertical rods (405) are installed on the upper side of the trolley (1) on both sides of the crushing box (301), and a bar seat (406) is slidably arranged on each group of two vertical rods (405), and a group of first springs (407) are symmetrically arranged between the trolley (1) and the bar seat (406).

6. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting frame (409) is mounted on the upper side of the strip seat (406), an L-shaped plate (411) is slidably disposed in the mounting frame (409), the lower end of which extends into the crushing box (301) and is fixedly connected to the crushing roller (304), and a second spring (412) is disposed in the mounting frame (409) above the L-shaped plate (411).

7. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mounting rod (414) is installed on the upper side of the cart (1) at one side of each group of two vertical rods (405), and a mounting seat (415) is slidably provided on the mounting rod (414).

8. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A strip groove (416) is provided on the side of the mounting seat (415), and a driving rod (417) is slidably arranged in the strip groove (416) and has an end that is rotatably connected to the side of the main conveyor belt (202).

9. The orchard fruit tree shaping and pruning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An electromagnet (413) is installed at the end of the strip seat (406) close to the mounting seat (415), and an iron block (418) matching the electromagnet (413) is installed at the end of the mounting seat (415) close to the electromagnet (413).

10. A method for shaping and pruning fruit trees in an orchard, comprising the device for shaping and pruning fruit trees in an orchard as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, pruning branches above the fruit tree, causing the main conveyor belt (202) to deflect upward to drive the pruning mechanism (5) to move to the pruning position, and then pruning the branches above the fruit tree; S2, disinfecting the pruning site, using a spray mechanism (6) to disinfect the pruning site of the fruit tree; S3, crushing the branches, using the crushing mechanism (3) to crush the pruned branches into debris; S4, cleaning the new branches at the roots, allowing the main conveyor belt (202) to deflect downward to drive the pruning mechanism (5) close to the ground, and then pruning the new branches growing on the ground at the roots of the fruit trees; S5, crushed slag compression: when the main conveyor belt (202) deflects downward, it drives the compression mechanism (4) to work and compress the crushed slag in the crushing box (301).

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