Pea, mung bean and buckwheat mixed planting one-year triple cropping system planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-year triple cropping planting method for mixed planting of peas, mung beans and buckwheat, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, in the middle ten days of November every year, selecting a fertile and well-drained land for planting peas, and paying attention to disease and insect prevention and control during the growth period of peas; s2, in early and middle April of the next year, the peas enter the fruit period, and at the moment, the peas can be picked for sale. According to the method, through reasonable planting time arrangement and crop rotation, mixed planting and one-year triple cropping planting of peas, mung beans and buckwheat are achieved, the utilization rate and planting benefits of land are improved, the soil structure is effectively improved through diversified planting of crops, balanced utilization of nutrients is promoted, and the yield of the crops is increased. Meanwhile, after planting is finished every year, land fallow is carried out, so that the soil is fully cultivated and recovered, the fertility of the soil is maintained, and a good foundation is laid for planting of the next year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a planting method for mixed planting of peas, mung beans and buckwheat with three crops per year. Background Art

[0002] In current agricultural practices, crops are mostly planted in a single planting model. Under this model, the land is only used for one crop most of the year, resulting in significantly low land utilization rate. At the same time, the continuous planting of a single crop will aggravate the consumption of soil fertility and affect the sustainable use of soil. In addition, the planting benefits are also limited, and farmers' income growth is slow, which is difficult to meet the needs of modern agricultural development.

[0003] In order to improve land utilization and increase planting benefits, the agricultural field has begun to widely explore and apply mixed planting and crop rotation systems. Mixed planting makes full use of land resources and increases yield per unit area by planting multiple crops on the same piece of land, while the crop rotation system maintains soil fertility by reasonably arranging the planting order of different crops to allow the soil to fully rest and recover.

[0004] However, there is currently no method of planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat three times a year, which limits the maximum utilization of land and the efficient planting of crops. Therefore, how to effectively combine mixed planting with crop rotation system to achieve three crops a year by planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat is an urgent problem to be solved in the current agricultural planting field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops a year, so as to solve the technical problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system with three crops per year, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. In mid-November each year, choose fertile and well-drained land for pea planting, and pay attention to pest and weed control during the pea growth period;

[0008] S2. In early to mid-April of the following year, peas enter the fruiting period and can be harvested and put on the market;

[0009] S3. By the beginning of May, the peas are harvested and the land is prepared and mung beans are planted immediately;

[0010] S4. During the growth period of mung beans, timely field management should be carried out according to their growth characteristics and needs;

[0011] S5. After the mung beans mature, that is, after 55-63 days, the mung beans are harvested. After the harvesting is completed, the land is immediately prepared to prepare for the next crop of mung beans;

[0012] S6. In early July, plant the second crop of mung beans;

[0013] S7. Plant buckwheat around August 25;

[0014] S8. Strengthen field management during the growth period of buckwheat;

[0015] S9. Buckwheat should be harvested before November 5. After harvesting, the land should be left fallow to prepare for planting next year.

[0016] Preferably, in S1, fertilization is first performed and the soil is deep plowed to make the soil tillage layer reach 25-30 cm, and the soil is loose on the top and solid on the bottom, broken and flat. The pest and weed control methods in S1 are: first, water-land rotation is adopted; second, corresponding pesticides are used for continuous control 2-3 times at the early stage of the disease; third, the diseased plants are removed in time to ensure the normal growth of peas.

[0017] Preferably, in S1, 40% salt water is used to select seeds before sowing peas, and the seeds with weeds, diseases and insects are removed, and the seeds are rinsed with clean water, and rhizobia are inoculated. The suitable depth of peas in S1 is about 5 cm, the row spacing is 25-30 cm, the hole spacing is 10-15 cm, and 2-3 seeds are sown in each hole.

[0018] Preferably, in S2, the pea pods are picked when they become thicker and longer, the skin gradually turns yellow, and the seeds inside are full. During the picking process, care should be taken to handle the pea pods with care to avoid damaging the pea fruits.

[0019] Preferably, in S3, deep ploughing and fine harrowing are performed before sowing, and the land is carefully prepared to harrow the soil and clods to make the soil loose, store water and retain moisture, and prevent the soil from becoming compacted and becoming hollow on the top and solid on the bottom, so as to facilitate emergence of seedlings and implement crop rotation.

[0020] Preferably, in S3, the seeds are spread thinly on a mat and exposed to the sun for 1-2 days before sowing to promote germination and emergence. In S3 and S6, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row spacing is 50 cm-60 cm, and the plant spacing is 15 cm-20 cm to ensure the normal growth of mung beans.

[0021] Preferably, the field management in S4 includes weeding, pest control, irrigation and fertilization, generally plowing the land to remove weeds; spraying 1000 times of 90% trichlorfon or 300 times of 2.5% cypermethrin or 3000 times of 20% vegetable and fruit phosphorus to control cutworms; using 1.5% dichlorvos powder or 2.5% trichlorfon powder, etc., or 1000-1500 times of 40% dichlorvos emulsion, or 100 times of 50% malathion, or 2000 times of 50% phosphamidon emulsifiable concentrate to control aphids; using 2000 times of 40% oxydemeton emulsion, or 1000 times of 50% malathion emulsifiable concentrate, or 2000 times of 50% dibromide to spray to control red spiders; and the irrigation method adopts drip irrigation, and the fertilization method adopts segmented fertilization.

[0022] Preferably, in S5, the timely harvesting sign should be when 2 / 3 of the pods turn brown-black, and the pods should be harvested in the morning before the dew dries up or in the evening.

[0023] Preferably, the land is deeply ploughed in S7 to loosen the soil so as to achieve a high yield of buckwheat, and the buckwheat planting row spacing in S7 is 40-50 cm, the sowing depth is 4-6 cm, and the buckwheat in S7 is covered with soil and fertilizer after sowing to ensure looseness and facilitate complete emergence of seedlings.

[0024] Preferably, the strengthening of field management in S8 includes weeding, pest control, irrigation and fertilization to ensure the healthy growth of buckwheat, generally plowing the land to remove weeds; 800-1000 times of thiophanate-methyl spraying is used to control damping-off; 0.5% Bordeaux mixture and 40% carbendazim are used at 500-800 times to control ring rot; 4000 times of 2.5% cypermethrin is used to control hookworm; and drip irrigation is used as the irrigation method, and segmented fertilization is used as the fertilization method; in S9, the growth period of buckwheat is about 60-80 days, and it can be harvested when more than 2 / 3 are mature.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention realizes the mixed planting of peas, mung beans and buckwheat and the three-crop planting system in one year through reasonable planting time arrangement and crop rotation, which not only improves the land utilization rate and planting efficiency, but also effectively improves the soil structure through the diversified planting of crops, promotes the balanced utilization of nutrients, and at the same time, by leaving the land fallow after the end of each planting, the soil is fully cultivated and restored, thereby maintaining the soil fertility, so as to lay a good foundation for the next year's planting.

[0027] 2. The present invention can improve water utilization efficiency by using drip irrigation. At the same time, according to the different growth stages of peas, mung beans and buckwheat, a segmented fertilization method is adopted, that is, different fertilizers are applied at different growth stages of crops to meet the nutrient needs of crops, thereby helping to increase crop yields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process of the three-cropping-a-year planting method of peas, mung beans and buckwheat mixed planting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system with three crops per year, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1. In mid-November each year, fertile and well-drained land is selected for pea planting. Before sowing peas, seeds are selected with 40% salt water, and the seeds with weeds, diseases and insects are removed. The seeds are rinsed with clean water and inoculated with rhizobia. The suitable depth of peas is about 5 cm, the row spacing is 25-30 cm, the hole spacing is 10-15 cm, and 2-3 seeds are sown in each hole. In addition, during the growth period of peas, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of diseases, insects and weeds;

[0032] S2. In early to mid-April of the following year, peas enter the fruiting period. At this time, peas can be picked and put on the market. Pea pods should be picked when they become thicker and longer, the skin gradually turns yellow, and the seeds inside are full. During the picking process, be careful to handle them gently to avoid damaging the pea fruits.

[0033] S3. By the beginning and middle of May, peas are harvested, and the land is prepared and mung beans are planted immediately. Before sowing, the seeds are spread thinly on mats and exposed to the sun for 1-2 days to promote germination and emergence. The sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row spacing is 50 cm-60 cm, and the plant spacing is 15 cm-20 cm to ensure the normal growth of mung beans.

[0034] S4. During the growth period of mung beans, timely field management is carried out according to their growth characteristics and needs. Field management includes weeding, pest control, irrigation and fertilization. Generally, the land is ploughed to remove weeds; 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution or 2.5% cypermethrin 300 times solution or 20% vegetable and fruit phosphorus 3000 times solution is sprayed before the larvae are 3 years old to prevent and control small cutworms; 1.5% dimethoate powder or 2.5% trichlorfon powder is used, which is equivalent to spraying 2 kg of medicine per mu in the morning or evening. You can also spray 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000-1500 times, or 50% malathion 100 times, or 50% phosphamidon emulsion 2000 times, etc. to prevent and control aphids; use 40% oxydemeton emulsion 2000 times, or 50% malathion emulsion 1000 times, or 50% dibromphos 2000 times, spray once every 5 days, spray 2-3 times continuously, to prevent and control red spiders; and the irrigation method adopts drip irrigation, and the fertilization method adopts segmented fertilization;

[0035] S5. After the mung beans mature, that is, 55-63 days later, they are harvested. The harvesting should be marked when 2 / 3 of the pods turn brown-black. They should be harvested in the morning before the dew dries up or in the evening. After harvesting, the land should be prepared immediately to prepare for the next crop of mung beans.

[0036] S6. In early July, the second crop of mung beans is planted with a sowing depth of 3-4 cm, a row spacing of 50 cm-60 cm, and a plant spacing of 15 cm-20 cm to ensure the normal growth of mung beans;

[0037] S7. Plant buckwheat around August 25. Deeply plough the land before planting to loosen the soil, so as to achieve a high yield of buckwheat. The row spacing of buckwheat is 40-50cm, and the sowing depth is 4-6cm. In addition, after sowing buckwheat, cover the soil with miscellaneous fertilizers to ensure looseness and facilitate complete emergence of seedlings.

[0038] S8. During the growth period of buckwheat, strengthen field management, including weeding, pest control, irrigation and fertilization to ensure the healthy growth of buckwheat. Generally, plough the land to remove weeds; spray 800-1000 times of thiophanate-methyl to prevent damping-off; use 0.5% Bordeaux mixture and 40% carbendazim 500-800 times to prevent ring rot; use 4000 times of 2.5% cypermethrin to prevent hookworm; and use drip irrigation for irrigation and segmented fertilization for fertilization;

[0039] S9. Buckwheat should be harvested before November 5. The growing period of buckwheat is about 60-80 days, and it can be harvested when more than 2 / 3 of it is mature. After harvesting, the land should be left fallow to allow the soil to be fully cultivated and restored, thereby maintaining soil fertility and laying a good foundation for next year's planting.

[0040] During the growth period of peas, mung beans and buckwheat, timely irrigation and fertilization are carried out, and the irrigation method adopts drip irrigation, and the fertilization method adopts segmented fertilization method.

[0041] In the S1, fertilization is first performed, and the soil is deeply plowed to make the tillage layer reach 25-30cm, and the soil is loose on the top and compact on the bottom, and is finely broken and flat. The pest and weed control methods in the S1 are: first, water-land rotation is adopted; second, the corresponding pesticide is used for continuous control 2-3 times at the early stage of the disease; third, the diseased plants are removed in time to ensure the normal growth of peas.

[0042] In the above-mentioned S3, deep ploughing and fine harrowing are required before sowing, and the land is carefully prepared to harrow the soil and level the dirt and clods to loosen the soil, store water and retain moisture, and prevent the soil from becoming compacted and becoming hollow on the top and solid on the bottom, so as to facilitate emergence of seedlings and implement crop rotation.

[0043] The pea plant is 0.5 meters tall, the whole plant is green, smooth and hairless. Peas are increasingly favored by producers for their strong adaptability and wide range of uses. The seeds, young pods and young seedlings are all edible; the seeds contain starch and oil, and can be used as medicine, with tonic, diuretic and antidiarrheal effects; the stems and leaves can cool and relieve heat, and can be used as green manure, feed or fuel; the consumption of peas, which have both medical and food effects, is constantly increasing.

[0044] Mung bean belongs to the legume family and cowpea crops. The seeds and stems are widely eaten. The skin of mung bean is good for clearing away heat, while the flesh is good for detoxification. Mung bean soup is a common summer drink for families to cool down. It is suitable for both young and old and can relieve heat and stimulate appetite. Traditional mung bean products include mung bean cake, mung bean wine, mung bean cakes, mung bean vermicelli, etc.

[0045] Buckwheat varieties can be divided into sweet buckwheat and bitter buckwheat. As a coarse grain among cereals, it is rich in dietary fiber, which has a very obvious effect on intestinal stimulation and can have a laxative effect; it can prevent and control obesity, because buckwheat itself has a relatively low calorie content and the water-soluble dietary fiber it contains can absorb water and swell, increasing the sense of fullness, and thus can inhibit excessive energy intake, thereby achieving the effect of preventing and treating obesity; the rutin contained in buckwheat can have the effects of anti-oxidation, scavenging free radicals and preventing aging, and can be developed and processed into buckwheat pillows, buckwheat tea, buckwheat and coix seed, buckwheat kernels, buckwheat vegetables, buckwheat pollen, etc.

[0046] In summary: This kind of pea, mung bean and buckwheat mixed planting three crops a year planting method, in mid-November each year, choose fertile and well-drained land for pea planting, pay attention to disease and insect control during the growth period of peas, in early to mid-April of the following year, peas enter the fruit period, at this time peas can be picked and put on the market, by early to mid-May, peas are harvested, and land preparation and mung bean planting are immediately carried out. During the growth period of mung beans, timely field management is carried out according to its growth characteristics and needs. After the mung beans mature, That is, after 55-63 days, the mung beans are harvested. After the harvesting is completed, the land is immediately prepared to prepare for the planting of the next crop of mung beans. In early July, the second crop of mung beans is planted. Around August 25, buckwheat is planted. During the growth period of buckwheat, field management is strengthened. Before November 5, buckwheat is harvested. After the harvesting is completed, the land is left fallow to prepare for the planting of the next year. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the existing technology known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system with three crops per year, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. In mid-November each year, choose fertile and well-drained land for pea planting, and pay attention to pest and weed control during the pea growth period; S2. In early to mid-April of the following year, peas enter the fruiting period and can be harvested and put on the market; S3. By the beginning of May, the peas are harvested and the land is prepared and mung beans are planted immediately; S4. During the growth period of mung beans, timely field management should be carried out according to their growth characteristics and needs; S5. After the mung beans mature, that is, after 55-63 days, the mung beans are harvested. After the harvesting is completed, the land is immediately prepared to prepare for the next crop of mung beans; S6. In early July, plant the second crop of mung beans; S7. Plant buckwheat around August 25; S8. Strengthen field management during the growth period of buckwheat; S9. Buckwheat should be harvested before November 5. After harvesting, the land should be left fallow to prepare for planting next year.

2. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, fertilization is first performed, and the soil is deeply plowed to make the tillage layer reach 25-30cm, and the soil is loose on the top and compact on the bottom, and is finely broken and flat. The pest and weed control methods in the S1 are: first, water-land rotation is adopted; second, the corresponding pesticide is used for continuous control 2-3 times at the early stage of the disease; third, the diseased plants are removed in time to ensure the normal growth of peas.

3. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the S1, 40% salt water is used to select seeds before sowing peas, and the seeds with weeds, diseases and insects are removed, and the seeds are rinsed with clean water, and rhizobia are inoculated. The suitable depth of peas in the S1 is about 5 cm, the row spacing is 25-30 cm, the hole spacing is 10-15 cm, and 2-3 seeds are sown in each hole.

4. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the pea pods are picked when they become thicker and longer, the skin gradually turns yellow, and the seeds inside are full. During the picking process, be careful to handle them with care to avoid damaging the pea fruits.

5. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S3, deep ploughing and fine harrowing are required before sowing, and the land is carefully prepared to harrow the soil and level the dirt and clods to loosen the soil, store water and retain moisture, and prevent the soil from becoming compacted and becoming hollow on the top and solid on the bottom, so as to facilitate emergence of seedlings and implement crop rotation.

6. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3, the seeds are spread thinly on a mat and exposed to the sun for 1-2 days before sowing to promote germination and emergence. In the S3 and S6, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row spacing is 50 cm-60 cm, and the plant spacing is 15 cm-20 cm to ensure the normal growth of mung beans.

7. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: The field management in S4 includes weeding, pest control, irrigation and fertilization. Generally, the weeds are removed by ploughing the land; 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution or 2.5% cypermethrin 300 times solution or 20% vegetable and fruit phosphorus 3000 times solution is sprayed to control cutworms; 1.5% dimethoate powder or 2.5% trichlorfon powder, etc., 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000-1500 times solution, 50% malathion 100 times solution, or 50% phosphamidon emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times solution are sprayed to control aphids; Use 2000 times diluted 40% oxydemeton-methyl emulsion, 1000 times diluted 50% malathion emulsion, or 2000 times diluted 50% dibromphos to spray to control red spider mites; drip irrigation is used for irrigation, and segmented fertilization is used for fertilization.

8. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 pods should be harvested in due time when 2 / 3 of the pods turn brown-black, and should be harvested in the morning before the dew dries up or in the evening.

9. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S7, the land is deeply ploughed to loosen the soil so as to achieve a high yield of buckwheat. The row spacing of buckwheat in the S7 is 40-50 cm, and the sowing depth is 4-6 cm. After the buckwheat is sown in the S7, it is covered with soil and fertilizer to ensure looseness and facilitate complete emergence of seedlings.

10. The method for planting peas, mung beans and buckwheat in a mixed planting system of three crops per year according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S8, the field management including weeding, pest control, irrigation and fertilization is strengthened to ensure the healthy growth of buckwheat. Generally, the land is plowed to remove weeds; 800-1000 times of thiophanate-methyl is sprayed to control damping-off; 0.5% Bordeaux mixture and 40% carbendazim are used at 500-800 times to control ring rot; 4000 times of 2.5% cypermethrin is used to control hookworm; and drip irrigation is used for irrigation, and segmented fertilization is used for fertilization; in the S9, the growth period of buckwheat is about 60-80 days, and it can be harvested when more than 2 / 3 of the buckwheat are mature.

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