New-strain wheat hybrid pollination method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid pollination method for new-strain wheat. The hybrid pollination method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting parents; S2, determining hybrid combinations; S3, planting the parents; compared with the prior art, the pollination method has the advantages that the yield and quality of the wheat are further improved by conducting scientific and reasonable field management on the wheat, efficient, high-yield and high-quality breeding of the wheat can be achieved through the pollination method, contribution is made to global grain safety, strict certification standards are passed, and the pollination method is worthy of popularization and application. Therefore, the certified variety is ensured to meet the requirements of popularization and planting, and a high-quality and high-yield wheat variety is provided for agricultural production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheat hybridization, in particular to a hybrid pollination method for new wheat varieties. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is the world's largest grain crop with the highest total output and high nutritional value. With the further increase in population, the per capita arable land area is decreasing year by year. Food problem is one of the primary problems we are facing. Hybrid vigor is a common phenomenon in the biological world. In the existing wheat hybridization process, the parents are generally planted separately. When the male and female parents reach the flowering stage, artificial pollination is carried out. After successful pollination, the ears grow to maturity.

[0003] In the process of hybridization of wheat parents of different varieties, in order to avoid false hybridization, a parchment bag is usually used to cover and isolate the selected female ear and male ear, and then artificial pollination is performed by twisting the ear method or anther smearing method. However, this hybridization method requires the male and female parents to be sown adjacent to each other in one area, and the sowing operation is cumbersome. In addition, in order to improve the fruit set rate of wheat, there are also some foliar fertilizers or nutritional additives in the prior art, which are used in the flower bud differentiation period, the filling period, etc. of wheat, but further improving the performance of the existing foliar fertilizers or nutritional additives that can improve the fruit set rate is one of the current directions of wheat hybrid breeding efforts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above technical defects and provide a hybrid pollination method for a new strain of wheat.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a hybrid pollination method of a new wheat variety, comprising the following steps: S1 selecting parents, selecting parent wheat female parents and male parents with excellent traits and genetic characteristics;

[0006] S2 determines the hybrid combination, and determines the male and female parents of the hybrid combination according to the genetic characteristics of the parents and the breeding goals;

[0007] S3 planting the parents, planting the parent wheat according to a predetermined hybridization plan under suitable field conditions;

[0008] S4: At an appropriate time before wheat blooms, the female plant should be emasculated. The main stem spikes with green anthers, not fully mature anthers and ovaries, and strong plants should be emasculated. The spikelets with late development at the base and top should be removed, leaving an appropriate number of spikelets for hybridization. Be careful when emasculating to avoid damaging the stigma or the ovary.

[0009] S5 pollination, use a brush or writing brush to select the male parent ears with one or two small flowers in the middle and upper part of the wheat ears and strong pollen collection, carefully apply the collected pollen on the stigma of the female parent ears, and ensure that each stigma is evenly coated with pollen. After the pollination is completed, fold the paper bag and clamp it, and write the name of the male and female parents and the date of hybridization on the signboard;

[0010] S6 follow-up management: strengthen field management, including watering, fertilization, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat;

[0011] S7 Note: Hybridization and pollination is a delicate job that needs to be carried out under suitable climatic conditions. During the hybridization process, the contamination of exogenous pollen must be strictly controlled to ensure the purity of the hybrid seeds.

[0012] Furthermore, after emasculation in step S4, the female ear is immediately covered with a sulfuric acid paper bag or a plastic bag to prevent contamination by exogenous pollen. When bagging, ensure that the paper bag or the plastic bag fits the wheat ear tightly without leaving any gaps.

[0013] Furthermore, after pollination in step S5, the paper bag is again placed over the ear of the female parent to prevent contamination by other pollens.

[0014] Furthermore, the female parent after emasculation in step S5 can generally be pollinated in the morning of the next day, at which time the stigma will be feather-like and forked and shiny, indicating that the stigma is mature and in the peak flowering period.

[0015] Furthermore, the timing of emasculation and pollination in step S5 must be accurately controlled to ensure that they are carried out during the peak flowering period of wheat. During emasculation, pollination and subsequent management, contamination by exogenous pollen must be strictly controlled to ensure the purity of hybrid seeds.

[0016] Furthermore, in the entire hybridization and pollination process, the S7 step should record the operation and observation results of each step in detail for subsequent analysis and summary, and it is necessary to strengthen field management, including watering, fertilizing, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step S6, after the hybrid wheat matures, it is harvested in time and its trait performance is observed, and according to the breeding objectives, offspring wheat varieties with excellent traits are selected.

[0018] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are as follows: the present invention provides a wheat hybrid breeding pollination method, a new wheat variety hybrid pollination method, which selects large-ear, high-yield wheat offspring by artificially controlling pollination of multiple hybrid combinations, thereby improving the yield and quality of wheat. In addition, the present invention further improves the yield and quality of wheat by scientifically and rationally managing wheat in the field. The pollination method of the present invention can achieve efficient, high-yield, and high-quality breeding of wheat, making a contribution to global food security. Through strict approval standards, it is ensured that the approved varieties meet the requirements for promotion and planting, providing high-quality and high-yield wheat varieties for agricultural production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, wherein the same components are represented by the same embodiment numbers.

[0020] It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the embodiment, and the words "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0021] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] A hybrid pollination method for a new wheat variety, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1 selecting parents, selecting a female parent and a male parent of wheat having excellent traits and genetic characteristics;

[0024] S2 determines the hybrid combination, and determines the male and female parents of the hybrid combination according to the genetic characteristics of the parents and the breeding goals;

[0025] S3 planting the parents, planting the parent wheat according to a predetermined hybridization plan under suitable field conditions;

[0026] S4: At an appropriate time before wheat blooms, the female plant should be emasculated. The main stem spikes with green anthers, not fully mature anthers and ovaries, and strong plants should be emasculated. The spikelets with late development at the base and top should be removed, leaving an appropriate number of spikelets for hybridization. Be careful when emasculating to avoid damaging the stigma or the ovary.

[0027] After emasculation, immediately cover the female ear with a sulfuric acid paper bag or plastic bag to prevent contamination by exogenous pollen. When bagging, make sure that the paper bag or plastic bag fits tightly to the wheat ear without leaving any gaps;

[0028] S5 pollination, use a brush or writing brush to select the male parent ears with one or two small flowers in the middle and upper part of the wheat ears and strong pollen collection, carefully apply the collected pollen on the stigma of the female parent ears, and ensure that each stigma is evenly coated with pollen. After the pollination is completed, fold the paper bag and clamp it, and write the name of the male and female parents and the date of hybridization on the signboard;

[0029] The female parent after emasculation can generally be pollinated the next morning. At this time, the stigma will be feather-like and forked and shiny, indicating that the stigma is mature. During the peak flowering period, after pollination, the paper bag is put over the female ear again to prevent contamination by other pollens. The time of emasculation and pollination should be accurately controlled to ensure that it is carried out during the peak flowering period of wheat. During emasculation, pollination and subsequent management, the contamination of exogenous pollen should be strictly controlled to ensure the purity of hybrid seeds.

[0030] S6 follow-up management: strengthen field management, including watering, fertilization, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat;

[0031] After hybrid wheat matures, it is harvested in time and its characteristics are observed. According to the breeding goals, offspring wheat varieties with excellent characteristics are selected;

[0032] S7 Note: Hybridization pollination is a delicate job that needs to be carried out under suitable climatic conditions. During the hybridization process, the contamination of exogenous pollen must be strictly controlled to ensure the purity of the hybrid seeds;

[0033] During the entire hybrid pollination process, the operations and observation results of each step must be recorded in detail for subsequent analysis and summary, and field management needs to be strengthened, including watering, fertilizing, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat.

[0034] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the embodiment is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new wheat hybrid pollination method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: selecting parents, selecting the female and male wheat parents with excellent traits and genetic characteristics; S2 determines the hybrid combination, and determines the male and female parents of the hybrid combination according to the genetic characteristics of the parents and the breeding goals; S3 planting the parents, planting the parent wheat according to a predetermined hybridization plan under suitable field conditions; S4: At an appropriate time before wheat blooms, the female plant should be emasculated. The main stem spikes with green anthers, not fully mature anthers and ovaries, and strong plants should be emasculated. The spikelets with late development at the base and top should be removed, leaving an appropriate number of spikelets for hybridization. Be careful when emasculating to avoid damaging the stigma or the ovary. S5 pollination, use a brush or writing brush to select the male parent ears with one or two small flowers in the middle and upper part of the wheat ears and strong pollen collection, carefully apply the collected pollen on the stigma of the female parent ears, and ensure that each stigma is evenly coated with pollen. After the pollination is completed, fold the paper bag and clamp it, and write the name of the male and female parents and the date of hybridization on the signboard; S6 follow-up management: strengthen field management, including watering, fertilization, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat; S7 Note: Hybridization and pollination is a delicate job that needs to be carried out under suitable climatic conditions. During the hybridization process, the contamination of exogenous pollen must be strictly controlled to ensure the purity of the hybrid seeds.

2. A new wheat variety hybrid pollination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After emasculation in step S4, the female ear is immediately covered with a sulfuric acid paper bag or a plastic bag to prevent contamination by exogenous pollen. When bagging, ensure that the paper bag or the plastic bag fits the wheat ear tightly without leaving any gaps.

3. A new wheat variety hybrid pollination method according to claim 1, characterized in that After pollination in step S5, the paper bag is again placed over the female parent ear to prevent contamination by other pollens.

4. The hybrid pollination method of a new wheat variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The female parent after emasculation in the step S5 can generally be pollinated in the morning of the next day. At this time, the stigma will be feather-like and forked with luster, indicating that the stigma is mature and in the peak flowering period.

5. The hybrid pollination method of a new wheat variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing of emasculation and pollination in step S5 must be accurately controlled to ensure that they are carried out during the peak flowering period of wheat. During emasculation, pollination and subsequent management, contamination by exogenous pollen must be strictly controlled to ensure the purity of hybrid seeds.

6. The hybrid pollination method of a new wheat variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the entire hybridization and pollination process, the S7 step needs to record the operation and observation results of each step in detail for subsequent analysis and summary, and it is necessary to strengthen field management, including watering, fertilizing, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat.

7. The hybrid pollination method of a new wheat variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the entire hybridization and pollination process in step S7, the operation and observation results of each step should be recorded in detail for subsequent analysis and summary, and field management should be strengthened, including watering, fertilizing, weeding, etc., to ensure the normal growth and development of hybrid wheat.

8. The hybrid pollination method of a new wheat variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S6, after the hybrid wheat matures, it is harvested in time and its trait performance is observed, and according to the breeding goals, a future generation wheat variety with excellent traits is selected.