Treatment method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed through subcritical hydrolysis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm excrement hydrolysis, and particularly discloses a treatment method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed through subcritical hydrolysis, and the treatment method for converting the silkworm excrement waste into the feed through the subcritical hydrolysis comprises the following steps: feeding the silkworm excrement waste into an upper cavity of a hydrolysis device; the silkworm excrement is crushed and cut through the crushing part and the wire cutting part; in the crushing process, a heating device is used for drying; feeding the crushed silkworm excrement particles into a lower cavity of a hydrolysis device, and setting hydrolysis reaction parameters; and the silkworm excrement particles are subjected to acid-base ion co-catalysis hydrolysis in the hydrolysis device. According to the treatment method for converting the silkworm excrement waste into the feed through subcritical hydrolysis, high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam is input for acid-base ion co-catalysis hydrolysis, molecular chains of various high-molecular polymers are broken, and the high-molecular polymers are reduced into small-molecular polymers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm excrement hydrolysis, and in particular to a processing method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed through subcritical hydrolysis. Background Art

[0002] Silkworm litter is the waste produced during the processing of silkworm cocoons. It is mainly composed of the following components: protein, fiber, fat, minerals, sugars, water, and anti-nutritional factors. These components of silkworm litter give it a high nutritional potential. After proper treatment, its digestibility and nutritional value can be improved and it can be effectively used as animal feed or other purposes.

[0003] Currently, silkworm excrement contains heavy metals, aflatoxins or various drug additives. The existing hydrolysis method still has the risk of residual drugs, and the hydrolysis effect needs to be improved. Moreover, before the silkworm excrement is hydrolyzed, it is usually necessary to crush it. The traditional crushing tool is to use a rotating blade for crushing. This crushing method will not only cause the silkworm excrement to adhere to the blade, but sometimes it will encounter hard objects such as broken metal, plastic, gravel and insect inner shells, and the crushing effect is poor. In the long run, it will cause the blade to curl and reduce its service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis, comprising a hydrolysis device, and the steps are as follows:

[0007] S1: Send the waste silkworm excrement into the upper chamber of the hydrolysis device, and crush and cut the silkworm excrement through the crushing component and the wire cutting component;

[0008] S2: During the crushing process, a heating device is also used to dry it;

[0009] S3: sending the crushed silkworm excrement particles into the lower chamber of the hydrolysis device and setting the hydrolysis reaction parameters;

[0010] S4: The silkworm excrement particles are hydrolyzed by acid-base ion co-catalysis in the hydrolysis device;

[0011] S5: After the reaction is completed, the temperature and pressure are rapidly reduced to cool the reaction product to room temperature;

[0012] S6: Separating the liquid and solid parts after the reaction by filtering, centrifuging or other separation methods;

[0013] S7: Dry and granulate the solid tail product after the hydrolysis treatment to obtain the required feed; the liquid can be directly used as a feed additive or nutrient solution.

[0014] Furthermore, the S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0015] S11: The silkworm excrement is placed on the crushing component, and the silkworm excrement is initially crushed by means of a vibrating screen and a crushing cone;

[0016] S12: intermittently driving the wire cutting component to move up and down to cut the silkworm excrement, and breaking the silkworm excrement with strong viscosity;

[0017] S12: The crushed silkworm excrement particles fall through the screening component.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S12, the wire cutting component rotates by a set angle after each reciprocating motion to change the cutting area, thereby cutting the silkworm excrement in all directions.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S12, when the wire cutting component encounters a hard object, the fault detection component is triggered to start, and the movement of the wire cutting component is immediately suspended to remove the hard object.

[0020] Furthermore, in S3, the hydrolysis reaction parameters are: hydrolysis pressure of 3-5 MPa, temperature of 210-260° C., and hydrolysis time of 60-110 minutes.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S6, an automatic discharge ball valve is provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis device.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S6, the reaction product is filtered through a filter, and the solid part is sent to a granulation dryer through a closed scraper conveyor for processing, and finally packaged into feed and organic fertilizer.

[0023] In the above technical scheme, the processing method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] By inputting high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam to carry out acid-base ion co-catalyzed hydrolysis, the molecular chains of various high-molecular polymers are broken and reduced to small-molecular polymers; by continuously vibrating the silkworm sand and cooperating with the crushing cone, part of the silkworm sand can be shaken apart and turned into fine particles to fall through the screening net, completing the crushing and screening effect of the silkworm sand. For some silkworm sand that is difficult to disperse and crush, the silkworm sand is repeatedly cut by driving the hard silk wire to move up and down. Since some silkworm sand is not easy to disperse, tough hard silk wire is needed to help cut it. The hard silk wire has a small force area and a strong pressure, so the cutting effect is better and it is not easy to be damaged.

[0025] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

[0026] This application document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in the present disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of the entire scope or all features of the disclosed technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 A method flow chart for implementing an example of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a hydrolysis device provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a wire cutting component provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a screening component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fixing cylinder provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A bottom view schematic diagram of the structure of a driving component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a fixing ring provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A bottom-up structural schematic diagram of a drive disk provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the side view structure of a cleaning plate provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the annular sleeve provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 The second embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0039] Fig.12This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a fault detection component provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Hydrolysis box; 2. Screening components; 21. Fixed cylinder; 22. Screening net; 3. Crushing components; 31. Fixed ring; 32. Groove; 33. Vibrator; 34. Crushing cone; 4. Wire cutting components; 41. Rotating cylinder; 42. Pulling plate; 43. Hard wire; 44. Threading groove; 5. Lifting components; 51. Speed ​​reducer; 52. Reciprocating screw rod; 53. Threaded sleeve; 54. Support plate; 55. Protective cover; 6. Driving components; 61. Traction components; 62. Connecting rod; 63. Slip ring; 64. Ring shaped sleeve; 65, support block; 66, guide rod; 67, sleeve rod ring; 68, elastic member; 7, switching component; 71, driven gear ring; 72, driving plate; 73, first pulley; 74, driven rod; 75, second pulley; 76, transmission belt; 77, driving wheel; 78, electromagnet; 79, transmission hole; 8, cleaning plate; 9, fault detection component; 91, magnetic block; 92, arc rod; 93, telescopic rod; 94, arc block; 95, conical ring; 96, unlocking block; 97, force rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0043] See also Figure 1 A method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis, comprising a hydrolysis device, and the following steps:

[0044] The waste silkworm excrement is sent into the upper chamber of the hydrolysis device, and the silkworm excrement is crushed and cut by the crushing component 3 and the wire cutting component 4;

[0045] During the crushing process, a heating device is also used to dry it;

[0046] The crushed silkworm excrement particles are fed into the lower chamber of the hydrolysis device, and the hydrolysis reaction parameters are set;

[0047] The silkworm excrement particles are hydrolyzed by the acid-base ion co-catalysis in the hydrolysis device;

[0048] After the reaction is completed, the temperature and pressure are rapidly reduced to cool the reaction product to room temperature;

[0049] Separating the liquid and solid parts after the reaction by filtration, centrifugation or other separation methods;

[0050] Specifically, the reaction product is filtered through a filter, and the solid part is sent to a granulation dryer through a closed scraper conveyor for processing, and finally packaged into feed and organic fertilizer.

[0051] The solid tail product after the hydrolysis treatment is dried and granulated to obtain the required feed; the liquid can be directly used as a feed additive or nutrient solution.

[0052] The hydrolysis reaction parameters are: hydrolysis pressure of 3-5MPa, temperature of 210-260°C, and hydrolysis time of 60-110 minutes; when the silkworm excrement waste contains heavy metals, aflatoxins or multiple drug additives, acid-base ion co-catalyzed hydrolysis is carried out by inputting high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam to break the molecular chains of various high-molecular polymers and reduce them to small-molecular polymers.

[0053] Crushing process: The silkworm sand is placed on the crushing component 3, and is initially crushed by means of a vibrating screen in cooperation with the crushing cone 34; the wire cutting component 4 is intermittently driven up and down to cut the silkworm sand and crush the silkworm sand with too strong viscosity; the crushed silkworm sand particles fall through the screening component 2.

[0054] See also Figure 2-8 The hydrolysis device includes a hydrolysis box 1, a screening component 2 is arranged on the top of the hydrolysis box 1, and the screening component 2 includes a fixed cylinder 21 arranged on the top of the hydrolysis box 1, a screening net 22 is arranged inside the fixed cylinder 21, and a crushing component 3 is arranged on the screening net 22, and the crushing component 3 is responsible for crushing the silkworm sand; a wire cutting component 4 is arranged on the top of the fixed cylinder 21, and the wire cutting component 4 includes a rotating cylinder 41 arranged on the top of the fixed cylinder 21, a pair of pulling plates 42 are arranged outside the rotating cylinder 41, and a plurality of hard silk threads 43 are arranged between the pair of pulling plates 42, and a plurality of silk threading grooves 44 are opened on the rotating cylinder 41. When the plurality of hard silk threads 43 reciprocate up and down through the corresponding silk threading grooves 44, the auxiliary crushing component 3 cuts and crushes the silk that is difficult to separate.

[0055] The crushing component 3 includes a fixing ring 31, a top surface of which is provided with a groove 32, a vibrator 33 is fixedly connected inside the groove 32, the top of the vibrator 33 is fixedly connected to the screening net 22, and a plurality of crushing cones 34 are fixedly connected to the top of the screening net 22.

[0056] The top of the vibrator 33 is connected to the screening net 22. When the vibrator 33 is turned on, the screening net can be vibrated repeatedly. During the vibration process, the silkworm sand is also shaken up and collides with the crushing cone 34, thereby increasing the degree of crushing of the silkworm sand and making it easier to granulate.

[0057] Specifically, the hard wire 43 is made of iron wire, preferably a steel wire rope, with a thickness of 1-3 mm.

[0058] The hardness of silkworm sand is relatively soft, similar to the hardness of mud and sand. When it is continuously vibrated, part of the silkworm sand can be shaken off and turned into fine particles to fall through the screening net 22, completing the effect of crushing and screening the silkworm sand. For some silkworm sand that is difficult to disperse and crush, the silkworm sand is repeatedly cut by driving the hard silk thread 43 to move up and down. Since some silkworm sand is not easy to disperse, the tough hard silk thread 43 is needed to help cut it. The hard silk thread 43 has a small force area and a strong pressure, so the cutting effect is better and it is not easy to be damaged.

[0059] Not only that, the use of wire cutting also reduces the amount of silkworm grit adhesion, and solves the problem of the cutting knife encountering hard objects causing the blade to curl or even be damaged, reducing its service life. Due to its own toughness, the wire rope can directly touch the wall, which will neither damage the wall nor cause damage to itself, and can cut the silkworm grit close to the inner bottom surface.

[0060] The best arrangement of the crushing cones 34 is a straight line arrangement, similar to a tic-tac-toe grid.

[0061] In an embodiment further provided by the present invention, a lifting component 5 is provided on the screening net 22, and the lifting component 5 includes a reduction motor 51, and the output end of the reduction motor 51 is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw rod 52, and the reciprocating screw rod 52 is provided on the screening net 22 and drives the screening net 22 to move up and down.

[0062] A threaded sleeve 53 is fixedly connected inside the fixing ring 31 , and the threaded sleeve 53 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod 52 .

[0063] The pulling plate 42 is provided with a driving component 6, and the driving component 6 includes a plurality of pulling members 61. The outside of the fixing ring 31 is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods 62, and the ends of the connecting rods 62 are fixedly connected with slip rings 63. The outside of the pulling plate 42 is movably sleeved with an annular sleeve 64, and the annular sleeve 64 is detachably connected to the bottom of the slip ring 63 through the pulling member 61.

[0064] Limiting holes are provided on the outer sides of the slip ring 63 and the screening net 22. The inner wall of the fixed cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a limiting rod, which can extend to the inside of the rotating cylinder 41. The slip ring 63 and the screening net 22 slide back and forth up and down through the limiting rod.

[0065] Specifically, one end of the traction member 61 movably penetrates into the interior of the fixed tube 21 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slip ring 63 , and the other end of the traction member 61 is detachably connected to the annular sleeve 64 .

[0066] Specifically, the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a support plate 54, the reduction motor 51 is arranged on the top surface of the support plate 54, the top surface of the support plate 54 is also fixedly connected with a protective cover 55, the reduction motor 51 is arranged in the protective cover 55, and the reduction motor 51 is electrically connected with a controller.

[0067] The reduction motor 51 is started by the controller, and the reduction motor 51 rotates with the reciprocating screw rod 52, so that the threaded sleeve 53 moves with the fixed ring 31, and the reduction motor 51 is driven by the controller to intermittently rotate forward and reverse, so that the fixed ring 31 moves up and down with the screening net 22; at the same time, the traction member 61 is used, and the traction member 61 adopts a thin rope, and the thin rope adopts a material with a pulling rate resistance, such as nylon and polypropylene. When the screening net 22 rises with the silkworm sand, the traction member 61 can pull the pulling plate 42 down, and a pair of pulling plates 42 descend with multiple hard silk threads 43 to cut the silkworm sand.

[0068] Specifically, the outside of the fixed cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to a support block 65, the top of the support block 65 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 66, the outer end of the annular sleeve 64 is fixedly connected to a sleeve rod ring 67, the guide rod 66 slides in the sleeve rod ring 67, and an elastic member 68 is fixedly connected between the support block 65 and the annular sleeve 64, and the elastic member 68 is a strong spring.

[0069] By providing a strong spring, the annular sleeve 64 can be pushed to move upward during the descent of the screening net 22. During actual operation, a damping rod can be provided in the strong spring as required.

[0070] The rotating drum 41 is provided with a switching component 7, and the switching component 7 includes a driven gear ring 71 fixedly sleeved on the rotating drum 41, a driving wheel 77 is provided on the outside of the driven gear ring 71, a driving disk 72 is provided at the bottom of the driving wheel 77, and an electromagnet 78 is provided on the top of the driving disk 72. When the electromagnet 78 reaches the set time, it drives the driven gear ring 71 to rotate, so that the rotating drum 41 rotates with the hard wire 43, and the cutting area is switched.

[0071] Specifically, the outside of the reciprocating screw rod 52 is fixedly sleeved with a first pulley 73, the outside of the fixed cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to a fixed block, the top of the fixed block is rotatably connected to a driven rod 74, the outside of the driven rod 74 is fixedly sleeved with a second pulley 75, the external transmission of the first pulley 73 and the second pulley 75 is connected with a transmission belt 76, the end of the driven rod 74 is rotatably connected to a driving wheel 77, the driving wheel 77 is meshed and connected with the driven gear ring 71, the outer end of the driven rod 74 is fixedly sleeved with the driving disk 72, a telescopic rod 93 is provided on the top of the driving disk 72, an elastic member 68 is provided inside the telescopic rod 93, an electromagnet 78 is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod 93, a transmission hole 79 is provided at the bottom of the driving wheel 77, the inner wall of the transmission hole 79 is fixedly connected to an iron sheet, the electromagnet 78 is turned on, the electromagnet 78 enters the interior of the transmission hole 79, and drives the driving wheel 77 to rotate, and the driving wheel 77 drives the rotating drum 41 to rotate through the driven gear ring 71.

[0072] Specifically, the rotating drum 41 rotates 90 degrees each time, so that the hard wire 43 just avoids the crushing cone 34 according to the arrangement of the crushing cone 34 .

[0073] See also Fig. 9 The rotating drum 41 is also provided with a plurality of pairs of cleaning plates 8, and there is a gap between a pair of the cleaning plates 8, and when the hard silk thread 43 passes through, the adhered silkworm sand particles are cleaned.

[0074] Embodiment 2: Embodiment 2 differs from Embodiment 1 in that the following steps and technical features are added: Figure 10-12 , the wire cutting component 4 encounters a hard object, triggering the fault detection component 9 to start, immediately pausing the movement of the wire cutting component 4 to remove the hard object.

[0075] A fault detection component 9 is provided on the slip ring 63, and the fault detection component 9 includes a magnetic block 91 and an iron sheet arranged inside the pulling plate 42. The magnetic block 91 and the iron block are initially in contact with each other. A hollow cavity is provided inside the pulling plate 42, and an arc rod 92 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow cavity. An arc-shaped inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the arc rod 92, and a reset telescopic rod is also provided between the arc rod 92 and the hollow cavity. The iron sheet is fixedly connected to the other side of the hollow cavity, and the hard wire 43 is connected to the corresponding iron block. A limiting piece is provided at the end of the traction member 61, and a slot is provided at the bottom of the annular sleeve 64. The traction member 61 is clamped in the slot through the limiting piece. When the hard wire 43 encounters a hard object, the magnetic block 91 will be pulled and the limiting piece will be squeezed to make it leave the slot, triggering the pulling plate 42 to stop running.

[0076] The limiting member includes an arc block 94 , a telescopic rod 93 and a force-bearing rod 97 . The outer end of the force-bearing rod 97 is embedded and connected with the telescopic rod 93 . The end of the telescopic rod 93 is connected to the arc block 94 . A telescopic spring is arranged outside the telescopic rod 93 .

[0077] A conical ring 95 is provided in the annular sleeve 64 , that is, a ring-shaped object with an annular slope on the outer side. An unlocking block 96 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conical ring 95 . The unlocking block 96 is slidably connected in the annular sleeve 64 and contacts the arc block 94 .

[0078] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, any magnetic block 91 can push the arc rod 92 to move inward when the iron sheet is removed, push the conical ring 95 to move downward, and move the telescopic rod 93 downward, squeezing the arc block 94 to cause the telescopic rod 93 to contract, and disengage the force-bearing rod 97 from the slot. Finally, during the movement of the screening net 22, the pulling plate 42 will not be driven to operate.

[0079] In this embodiment, the rotating drum 41 rotates 180 degrees each time.

[0080] According to actual needs, a pair of unlocking blocks 96 can also be set at the bottom of the annular sleeve 64. Pulling the unlocking blocks 96 can also shrink the arc block 94 to complete the separation of the force-bearing rod 97 and the annular sleeve 64.

[0081] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis, comprising a hydrolysis device, characterized in that: S1: Send the waste silkworm excrement into the upper chamber of the hydrolysis device, and crush and cut the silkworm excrement through the crushing component and the wire cutting component; S2: During the crushing process, a heating device is also used to dry it; S3: sending the crushed silkworm excrement particles into the lower chamber of the hydrolysis device and setting the hydrolysis reaction parameters; S4: The silkworm excrement particles are hydrolyzed by acid-base ion co-catalysis in the hydrolysis device; S5: After the reaction is completed, the temperature and pressure are rapidly reduced to cool the reaction product to room temperature; S6: Separating the liquid and solid parts after the reaction by filtering, centrifuging or other separation methods; S7: Dry and granulate the solid tail product after the hydrolysis treatment to obtain the required feed; the liquid can be directly used as a feed additive or nutrient solution.

2. The method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 specifically further includes the following steps: S11: The silkworm excrement is placed on the crushing component, and the silkworm excrement is initially crushed by means of a vibrating screen and a crushing cone; S12: intermittently driving the wire cutting component to move up and down to cut the silkworm excrement, and breaking the silkworm excrement with too strong viscosity; S12: The crushed silkworm excrement particles fall through the screening component.

3. The method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S12, the wire cutting component rotates by a set angle after each reciprocating motion to change the cutting area, thereby cutting the silkworm excrement in all directions.

4. The method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S12, when the wire cutting component encounters a hard object, the fault detection component is triggered to start, and the movement of the wire cutting component is immediately suspended to remove the hard object.

5. The method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S3, the hydrolysis reaction parameters are: hydrolysis pressure of 3-5 MPa, temperature of 210-260° C., and hydrolysis time of 60-110 minutes.

6. The method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S6, an automatic discharge ball valve is provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis device.

7. The method for converting silkworm excrement waste into feed by subcritical hydrolysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S6, the reaction product is filtered through a filter, and the solid part is sent to a granulation dryer through a closed scraper conveyor for processing, and finally packaged into feed and organic fertilizer.

Images