Gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor which comprises a horizontally arranged cylinder and a reaction tube which is arranged in the cylinder and extends along the axial direction of the cylinder, the reaction tube is filled with a catalyst; a heating cavity is formed between the outer wall of the reaction tube and the inner wall of the barrel body; the heating medium in the heating cavity is used for heating the reaction tube; a gas-liquid mixture enters from an inlet of the reaction tube, and a finished product flows out from an outlet of the reaction tube; when the gas-liquid mixture reacts in the reaction tube, the reaction tube rotates, and the barrel swings back and forth; when the reaction tube rotates, the axis of the reaction tube is parallel to the axis of the barrel, and the rotating path of the reaction tube is vertical to the axis of the barrel; when the cylinder swings, the included angle between the cylinder and the horizontal plane changes. The beneficial effects of the above arrangement are that: 1, the short circuit phenomenon is eliminated; 2, the gas retention time is prolonged, and the gas flow path is increased; 3, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged; 4, the filler is prevented from hardening; 5, the catalyst is always in a loose state and is convenient to take out, so that the catalyst is convenient to replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gas-liquid catalytic reaction devices, in particular to a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor. Background Art

[0002] In the chemical production process, catalytic reaction is an important type of chemical reaction, which is widely used in various processes such as catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic chlorination. Such reactions usually involve the interaction between gas and liquid phases in the presence of catalysts, among which the mass transfer efficiency between gas and liquid and between gas, solid and liquid phases directly determines the reaction rate and product selectivity. Efficient mass transfer process can promote the effective contact of reactant molecules, thereby increasing the reaction rate and reducing the generation of by-products.

[0003] Traditional fixed bed reactors, due to their structural characteristics, are usually arranged vertically and filled with catalyst fillers. Although this design simplifies the construction and operation of the reactor to a certain extent, it has exposed several significant defects in practical applications.

[0004] First, due to the dense packing, the heat generated during the reaction is difficult to quickly transfer out or absorb, resulting in local overheating or local low temperature inside the reactor. This not only affects the reaction rate, but may also trigger side reactions, generate a large number of unnecessary by-products, or cause the reaction process to be too slow, reducing production efficiency.

[0005] Secondly, as the reaction continues, when the gas and liquid phases pass through the same channel, due to the wettability of the filler surface and the fluid dynamics effect, they often form a preferential flow path, the so-called "short circuit". This short circuit phenomenon seriously weakens the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, making some catalysts unable to fully exert their catalytic effect, further reducing the selectivity and conversion rate of the reaction.

[0006] Furthermore, the long reaction process may also lead to physical and chemical bonding between the filler particles, forming agglomeration. Agglomeration not only hinders the effective flow of the fluid, reduces the mass transfer efficiency, but also increases the pressure drop of the reactor. In severe cases, it may even cause the reactor to be blocked, requiring shutdown for cleaning and maintenance.

[0007] Finally, the replacement process of compacted fillers is often complicated and time-consuming, which not only increases operating costs, but may also have an adverse impact on the entire production process due to excessive downtime. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the present invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor.

[0009] The present invention provides a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, comprising a horizontally arranged cylinder and a reaction tube arranged in the cylinder and extending along the axial direction of the cylinder;

[0010] The local space inside the reaction tube is filled with a catalyst;

[0011] A heating chamber is formed between the outer wall of the reaction tube and the inner wall of the barrel; the heating medium in the heating chamber heats the reaction tube;

[0012] The gas-liquid mixture enters from the inlet of the reaction tube, and its finished product flows out from the outlet of the reaction tube;

[0013] While the gas-liquid mixture reacts in the reaction tube, the reaction tube rotates and the cylinder swings back and forth;

[0014] When the reaction tube rotates, its axis remains parallel to the axis of the cylinder, and its rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder;

[0015] When the cylinder swings, the angle with the horizontal plane changes;

[0016] When the cylinder body is swung to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane or the reaction tube is rotated, the high end inside the reaction tube has a gap formed by the catalyst gathering toward the low end of the reaction tube.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above arrangement are: 1. Elimination of short-circuit phenomenon: by rotating the reaction tube in the cylinder and swinging the cylinder back and forth at the same time, it is ensured that the catalyst loaded in the reaction tube is always in a state of tumbling up and down and left and right; this dynamic environment effectively avoids the formation of fixed short-circuit channels, thereby significantly reducing the short-circuit phenomenon that may occur in the gas-liquid mixture during the reaction process, and improving the reaction efficiency and uniformity; 2. Prolonging the gas residence time and increasing the airflow path: the rotation of the reaction tube not only promotes the full mixing of the gas-liquid mixture in the catalyst space, but also increases the residence time of the gas in the catalyst through the lateral flow of liquid and air; in addition, with the rotation of the reaction tube, the airflow presents the characteristics of floating up and down in the liquid phase, which further enriches the movement of the airflow. 1. The dynamic path is conducive to improving the sufficiency and conversion rate of the gas-liquid reaction; 2. Prolonging the life of the catalyst: The dynamic movement of the reaction tube causes slight friction and vibration between the catalysts. This physical action helps to reduce the deposits on the surface of the catalyst and prevent catalyst poisoning, thereby significantly extending the service life of the catalyst; this not only reduces operating costs, but also improves the long-term stability of the reactor; 3. Preventing the packing from becoming caking: Through continuous movement, even if the packing particles are small, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of caking; this dynamic environment ensures the loose state of the packing, greatly extending the service life and replacement cycle of the packing, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime; 4. The catalyst is always in a loose state, which is easy to take out, thereby facilitating the replacement of the catalyst.

[0018] The specific structure of the rotatable reaction tube is as follows: two parallel left plates and right plates are arranged in the cylinder; the left plate and the right plate are connected by a connecting rod; the reaction tube is clamped between the left plate and the right plate; the outer sides of the left plate and the right plate are respectively connected with the left head and the right head, so that a feed cavity connected to the reaction tube is formed between the left plate and the left head, and a discharge cavity connected to the reaction tube is formed between the right plate and the right head; a feed pipe connected to the feed cavity is axially led out from the left head, and the feed pipe is rotatably connected to one end of the cylinder; a discharge pipe connected to the discharge cavity is axially led out from the right head, and the discharge pipe is rotatably connected to the other end of the cylinder; a driven gear is connected to the feed pipe by means of a sleeve connection; the driven gear is meshed with a driving gear; the driving end of the first reduction motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear.

[0019] To prevent the catalyst from flowing out of the reaction tube, a further design is: the left plate and the right plate are provided with through holes to connect the reaction tube with the feed chamber and the discharge chamber; the through holes are covered with a sieve plate; the sieve holes on the sieve plate are smaller than the particle size of the catalyst.

[0020] The size of the local space directly affects the amount of catalyst and the reaction efficiency. Based on this, further improvement is that the local space occupies 8 / 9-9 / 10 of the volume of the reaction tube.

[0021] The specific structure of the cylinder body swing is as follows: the cylinder body is radially extended with two symmetrical and coaxially arranged rotating shafts, which are inserted into the fixed first seat bearing to realize the rotation connection; an electric cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the opening and closing end of the cylinder body, the cylinder body bottom of the electric cylinder is hinged with the cylinder body seat, and the driving end of the electric cylinder is hinged with the cylinder body;

[0022] Gas springs are arranged below the cylinder, in the axial direction of the cylinder, and on both sides of the rotating shaft. The lower end of the shell of the gas spring is hinged to the shell seat, and the driving end of the gas spring is hinged to the cylinder. The gas spring supports the cylinder to prevent the cylinder from rotating too fast or too much, which may cause danger.

[0023] The mixing degree of gas raw materials and liquid raw materials directly affects the efficiency of the reaction. Based on this, further improvements are as follows: the outer end of the feed pipe is connected to a mixing tube, and the gas raw materials and liquid raw materials are mixed in the mixing tube and flow into the feed pipe; the mixing tube includes a throat, and the liquid raw materials flow in from one end of the throat; the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat increases from the center to both ends; the outer side of the throat is connected to a sleeve, and the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the throat form an air cavity, and the outer wall of the sleeve is connected to an air inlet pipe connected to the air cavity; the throat is provided with a connection hole connecting the inside and the outside. In this way, through the change of the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat and the formation of turbulence, the liquid raw materials are effectively dispersed and stirred in the throat; the gas raw materials enter the throat through the connection hole, form multi-point contact and mixing with the liquid raw materials, and significantly improve the mixing efficiency; thereby improving the reaction efficiency, product quality and system stability, while maintaining the simplicity of operation and the convenience of maintenance.

[0024] The position of the connection hole directly affects the gas-liquid mixing efficiency. Based on this, further improvements are: the connection hole is located at the smallest point of the throat diameter. Since the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat is the smallest here, the flow rate of the liquid raw material will increase accordingly; the increase in flow rate helps to enhance the shear force and turbulence between the liquid raw material and the gas raw material entering through the gas cavity, thereby promoting mixing between the two; in addition, since the smallest point of the throat diameter is usually the place with the largest pressure drop, this may also help the gas raw material to better penetrate and disperse into the liquid raw material, further improving the mixing efficiency.

[0025] The relative position of the connecting hole and the air inlet hole will also affect the mixing efficiency of gas and liquid. Based on this, further improvements are: the connecting hole and the air inlet pipe are staggered. Such a setting has the following beneficial effects: 1. It ensures that the gas raw material and the liquid raw material are not directly impacted in the mixing tube, but are mixed in a more gentle and orderly manner, which helps to reduce energy loss and possible local overheating or overcooling during the mixing process; 2. The staggered arrangement can also provide a longer path and more time for the gas raw material to contact and mix with the liquid raw material, thereby further improving the uniformity and efficiency of the mixing; 3. When there are more than two gas raw materials, the gas raw materials can be mixed first in the gas cavity and then mixed with the liquid raw material, which can improve the mixing efficiency.

[0026] The swing of the cylinder and the rotation of the reaction tube will affect the stability of the connection structure between the throat and the feed pipe, and may even cause the connection to break. Based on this, a further improvement is that a hose is connected between the throat and the feed pipe.

[0027] When the feed pipe rotates, it will also drive the hose to rotate together. If the hose rotates too much, it will still break. Based on this, further improvements are: a bearing seat is provided at the end of the cylinder, and a first bearing and a second bearing are provided at both ends of the bearing seat; the first bearing is rotatably connected to the feed pipe; one end of the hose is connected to the throat pipe, and the other end is connected to a transition pipe, which is rotatably connected to the second bearing. With this arrangement, when the feed pipe rotates, the hose will not rotate with it, avoiding the phenomenon of hose breakage.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] A fixed-bed reactor for gas-liquid reaction of the present invention achieves the following advantages through the swinging of the cylinder and the rotation of the reaction tube: 1. Elimination of short-circuit phenomenon: by rotating the reaction tube in the cylinder and swinging the cylinder back and forth at the same time, it is ensured that the catalyst loaded in the reaction tube is always in a state of tumbling up and down and left and right; this dynamic environment effectively avoids the formation of fixed short-circuit channels, thereby significantly reducing the short-circuit phenomenon that may occur in the gas-liquid mixture during the reaction process, and improving the reaction efficiency and uniformity; 2. Prolonging the gas residence time and increasing the airflow path: the rotation of the reaction tube not only promotes the full mixing of the gas-liquid mixture in the catalyst space, but also increases the residence time of the gas in the catalyst through the lateral flow of liquid flow and airflow; in addition, with the rotation of the reaction tube, the airflow presents an up and down floating state in the liquid phase Characteristics, further enriching the movement path of the airflow, which is beneficial to improving the sufficiency and conversion rate of the gas-liquid reaction; 3. Prolonging the life of the catalyst: the dynamic movement of the reaction tube causes slight friction and vibration between the catalysts. This physical action helps to reduce the deposits on the surface of the catalyst and prevent catalyst poisoning, thereby significantly extending the service life of the catalyst; this not only reduces operating costs, but also improves the long-term stability of the reactor; 4. Preventing packing from compacting: through continuous movement, even if the packing particles are small, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of compaction; this dynamic environment ensures the loose state of the packing, greatly prolongs the service life and replacement cycle of the packing, and reduces maintenance costs and downtime; 5. The catalyst is always in a loose state, which is easy to take out, thereby facilitating catalyst replacement.

[0030] A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor of the present invention is provided with a mixing tube, so that the liquid raw material is effectively dispersed and stirred in the throat through the change of the flow area of ​​the throat cross section and the formation of turbulence; the gas raw material enters the throat through the connecting hole, forms multi-point contact and mixing with the liquid raw material, and significantly improves the mixing efficiency; thereby improving the reaction efficiency, product quality and system stability, while maintaining the simplicity of operation and convenience of maintenance.

[0031] In a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor of the present invention, the connection hole is located at the smallest point of the throat diameter. Since the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat is the smallest at this point, the flow rate of the liquid raw material will increase accordingly; the increase in flow rate helps to enhance the shear force and turbulence between the liquid raw material and the gas raw material entering through the gas cavity, thereby promoting the mixing between the two; in addition, since the smallest point of the throat diameter is usually the place with the largest pressure drop, this may also help the gas raw material to better penetrate and disperse into the liquid raw material, further improving the mixing efficiency.

[0032] A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor of the present invention arranges the connecting hole and the air inlet pipe in a staggered arrangement, thereby obtaining the following advantages: 1. It ensures that the gas raw material and the liquid raw material are not directly impacted in the mixing tube, but are mixed in a gentler and orderly manner, which helps to reduce energy loss and possible local overheating or supercooling during the mixing process; 2. The staggered arrangement can also provide the gas raw material with a longer path and more time to contact and mix with the liquid raw material, thereby further improving the uniformity and efficiency of mixing; 3. When there are more than two gas raw materials, the gas raw materials can be mixed preferentially in the gas cavity and then mixed with the liquid raw material, thereby improving the mixing efficiency.

[0033] A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor of the present invention prevents the connection between the throat pipe and the feed pipe from breaking when the cylinder body swings and the reaction pipe rotates, by connecting a hose between the throat pipe and the feed pipe.

[0034] A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor of the present invention is rotatably connected via a hose, so that when a feed pipe rotates, the hose will not rotate along with it, thereby avoiding the occurrence of hose breakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0043] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0044] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation structure of the reaction tube;

[0045] Fig.10 It is the main cross-sectional view when the reaction tube is tilted;

[0046] In the figure: 1, cylinder; 2, reaction tube; 3, heating chamber; 4, left side plate; 5, right side plate; 6, left side end cap; 7, right side end cap; 8, feed chamber; 9, discharge chamber; 10, feed pipe; 11, discharge pipe; 12, driven gear; 13, driving gear; 14, first reduction motor; 15, through hole; 16, sieve plate; 17, catalyst; 18, first seat bearing; 19, electric cylinder; 20, cylinder seat; 21, gas spring; 22, mixing tube; 23, hose; 24, bearing seat; 25, first bearing; 26, first The second bearing; 27, connecting rod; 28, rotating shaft; 29, transition pipe; 30, first support; 32, sealing plate; 33, first sealing ring; 34, limiting pipe; 35, limiting groove; 36, first connecting shaft; 37, motor frame; 38, perforation; 39, second seat bearing; 40, sealing sleeve; 41, cover plate; 42, second sealing ring; 43, housing seat; 44, medium inlet pipe; 45, medium outlet pipe; 46, gap; 221, throat; 222, sleeve; 223, air cavity; 224, air inlet pipe; 225, connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, comprising a horizontally arranged cylinder 1 and a reaction tube 2 disposed in the cylinder 1 and extending axially along the cylinder 1 .

[0049] Two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 28 are connected to the center position of the outer wall of the cylinder 1. The rotating shafts 28 extend radially along the cylinder 1, and both ends thereof are inserted into the first seat bearings 18. The first seat bearings 18 are installed on the upper end of the fixed first support 30, so that the cylinder 1 can swing up and down at both ends under the action of the rotating shafts 28. When swinging, the angle between the cylinder 1 and the horizontal plane changes.

[0050] like Figure 3As shown, electric cylinders 19 are arranged at the lower ends of the left and right sides of the cylinder 1. The electric cylinders 19 are arranged vertically, and the lower ends of the cylinders are hinged to the cylinder base 20. The cylinder base 20 is fixed to the ground or the base by bolts. The driving rod of the electric cylinder 19 is hinged to the cylinder 1, so that when the electric cylinder 19 starts to extend and retract, it can drive the two ends of the cylinder 1 to swing back and forth up and down.

[0051] Gas springs 21 are provided below the cylinder 1 and on both sides of the rotating shaft 28. The lower end of the shell of the gas spring 21 is hinged to the shell seat 43, and the driving end of the gas spring 21 is hinged to one end of the lower side of the cylinder 1. The gas spring 21 supports the cylinder 1 to prevent the cylinder 1 from rotating too fast or too much, which may cause danger.

[0052] The left and right ends of the cylinder 1 are installed with sealing plates by welding, and the sealing plate is provided with a through inner hole, and the hole wall of the inner hole is clamped with a first sealing ring 33. The sealing plate is also fixedly connected with a bearing seat 24 by bolts, such as Figure 7 As shown, two first bearings 25 are installed at one end of the bearing seat 24 close to the cylinder 1 , and two second bearings 26 are installed at one end away from the cylinder 1 .

[0053] The reaction tubes 2 are arranged in multiple intervals, and the local space inside them is filled with solid granular catalysts 17. The specific installation structure of the reaction tube 2 is as follows: two left plates 4 and right plates 5 arranged in parallel are arranged in the cylinder 1, and the reaction tube 2 is sandwiched between the left plate 4 and the right plate 5. Six evenly distributed connecting rods 27 penetrate the left plate 4 and the right plate 5, and both ends of the connecting rods 27 are provided with external threads. The nuts are threadedly connected and locked with the connecting rods 27 to achieve the connection and fixation of the left plate 4 and the right plate 5. The left plate 4 and the right plate 5 are provided with multiple through holes 15 penetrating the two sides. The through holes 15 are coaxial with the reaction tube 2, and the inner cavity of the reaction tube 2 is connected with the outer area of ​​the left plate 4 and the right plate 5. The inner side surfaces of the left plate 4 and the right plate 5 are provided with limiting tubes 34 which are coaxial with the through hole 15 and have an inner diameter larger than the through hole 15 . Both ends of the reaction tube 2 are inserted into the limiting tubes 34 and abut against the inner side surfaces of the left plate 4 and the right plate 5 , thereby realizing the installation limitation of the reaction tube 2 .

[0054] like Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, a sieve plate 16 covering the through hole 15 is welded to the left side of the left plate 4 and the right side of the right plate 5. The diameter of the sieve hole of the sieve plate 16 is smaller than the particle size of the catalyst 17, and the catalyst 17 is sealed in the reaction tube 2 to prevent the catalyst 17 from flowing out of the reaction tube 2. A limiting groove 35 coaxially arranged with the through hole 15 is provided on the left side of the left plate 4 and the right side of the right plate 5, and the sieve plate 16 is clamped in the limiting groove 35 to achieve installation limiting.

[0055] The left side of the left plate 4 and the right side of the right plate 5 are also connected to the left head 6 and the right head 7 respectively, which are flange heads and are connected and fixed to the left plate 4 and the right plate 5 by bolts and nuts. Thus, a feed cavity 8 is formed between the left head 6 and the left plate 4, and a discharge cavity 9 is formed between the right head 7 and the right plate 5.

[0056] The left end cap 6 axially leads out a feed pipe 10 connected to the feed chamber 8, and the feed pipe 10 is inserted into the left first bearing 25; the right end cap 7 axially leads out a discharge pipe 11 connected to the discharge chamber 9, and the discharge pipe 11 is inserted into the right first bearing 25; thus, the reaction tube 2 can rotate. The feed pipe 10 and the discharge pipe 11 are also sealed by the first sealing ring 33.

[0057] The feed pipe 10 is connected with a driven gear 12 by sleeve connection; the driven gear 12 is meshed with a driving gear 13; the driving end of the first reduction motor 14 is fixedly connected with the driving gear 13. In this way, when the first reduction motor 14 is started, the reaction tube 2 connected with the left plate 4, the right plate 5, the left end cap 6 and the right end cap 7 can be driven to rotate as a whole. During the rotation, the axis of the reaction tube 2 remains parallel to the axis of the cylinder 1, and the rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1.

[0058] The advantages of the above arrangement are: 1. Elimination of short-circuit phenomenon: by rotating the reaction tube 2 in the cylinder 1 and swinging the cylinder 1 back and forth, it is ensured that the catalyst 17 loaded in the reaction tube 2 is always in a state of tumbling up and down and left and right; this dynamic environment effectively avoids the formation of fixed short-circuit channels, thereby significantly reducing the short-circuit phenomenon that may occur in the gas-liquid mixture during the reaction process, and improving the reaction efficiency and uniformity; 2. Prolonging the gas residence time and increasing the airflow path: the rotation of the reaction tube 2 not only promotes the full mixing of the gas-liquid mixture in the catalyst 17 space, but also increases the residence time of the gas in the catalyst 17 through the lateral flow of liquid and air; in addition, with the rotation of the reaction tube 2, the airflow presents the characteristics of floating up and down in the liquid phase, further enriching the movement path of the airflow diameter, which is beneficial to improving the sufficiency and conversion rate of the gas-liquid reaction; 3. Prolonging the life of the catalyst 17: The dynamic movement of the reaction tube 2 causes slight friction and vibration between the catalysts 17. This physical effect helps to reduce the deposits on the surface of the catalyst 17 and prevent the catalyst 17 from being poisoned, thereby significantly extending the service life of the catalyst 17; this not only reduces operating costs, but also improves the long-term stability of the reactor; 4. Preventing the packing from being compacted: Through continuous movement, even if the packing particles are small, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of compaction; this dynamic environment ensures the loose state of the packing, greatly prolongs the service life and replacement cycle of the packing, and reduces maintenance costs and downtime; 5. The catalyst 17 is always in a loose state, which is easy to take out, thereby facilitating the replacement of the catalyst 17.

[0059] like Fig.10 As shown, the local space occupies 8 / 9-9 / 10 of the volume of the reaction tube 2. This provides space for the catalyst 17 to move. When the cylinder 1 swings to an angle with the horizontal plane or the reaction tube 2 rotates, the high end of the reaction tube 2 has a gap 46 formed by the catalyst 17 gathering toward the low end of the reaction tube 2, so that the catalyst 17 can float in the reaction tube 2.

[0060] Since the first reduction motor 14 is installed inside the barrel 1, it is not only inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, but also not conducive to the heat dissipation of the first reduction motor 14. Therefore, the first reduction motor 14 is installed outside the barrel 1. Specifically: Figure 5 As shown, a motor frame 37 is installed on the left side of the cylinder 1, and the first reduction motor 14 is fixed on the motor frame 37. A through hole 38 is also provided on the left side of the cylinder 1, and the first connecting shaft 36 is led out from the center position of the driving gear 13. The first connecting shaft 36 passes outward from the through hole 38 and is fixedly connected to the driving end of the first reduction motor 14. A second seat bearing 39 is also installed on the outside of the cylinder 1, and the first connecting shaft 36 is inserted into the second seat bearing 39 to improve the rotation stability of the first connecting shaft 36. A sealing sleeve 40 with a U-shaped cross section is sleeved on the through hole 38, which is used to seal the first connecting shaft 36 and the cylinder 1.

[0061] The above structure makes the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the outer wall of the reaction tube 2, the outer wall of the left end cap 6, the outer wall of the right end cap 7, the outer wall of the feed pipe 10 and the outer wall of the discharge pipe 11 form a heating chamber 3. A medium outlet pipe 45 connected to the heating chamber 3 is arranged at the top position of the left side of the cylinder 1, and a medium inlet pipe 44 connected to the heating chamber 3 is arranged at the bottom position of the right side of the cylinder 1. The heating medium enters the heating chamber 3 from the medium inlet pipe 44 and flows out from the medium outlet pipe 45, so that the heating medium heats the material in the reaction tube 2, so that the gas raw material and the liquid raw material undergo a catalytic reaction under the action of the catalyst 17.

[0062] The outer end of the feed pipe 10 is connected to a mixing pipe 22, and the gas raw material and the liquid raw material are mixed in the mixing pipe 22 and then flow into the feed pipe 10. Fig. 9As shown, the mixing tube 22 includes a throat 221, and the liquid raw material flows in from one end of the throat 221; the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat 221 increases from the center to both ends; the outer side of the throat 221 is connected to a sleeve 222, the inner wall of the sleeve 222 and the outer wall of the throat 221 form an air cavity 223, and the outer wall of the sleeve 222 is connected to an air inlet pipe 224 connected to the air cavity 223. In this embodiment, four air inlet pipes 224 are provided to fill different gas raw materials. The throat 221 is provided with a connecting hole 225 connecting the inner and outer sides, and the connecting hole 225 is provided with four holes evenly distributed around the circumference. In this way, through the change of the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat 221 and the formation of turbulence, the liquid raw material is effectively dispersed and stirred in the throat 221; the gas raw material enters the throat 221 through the connecting hole 225, forms multi-point contact and mixing with the liquid raw material, and significantly improves the mixing efficiency; thereby improving the reaction efficiency, product quality and system stability, while maintaining the simplicity of operation and the convenience of maintenance.

[0063] The connection hole 225 is located at the smallest diameter of the throat 221. Since the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat 221 is the smallest at this point, the flow rate of the liquid raw material will increase accordingly; the increase in flow rate helps to enhance the shear force and turbulence between the liquid raw material and the gas raw material entering through the gas cavity 223, thereby promoting the mixing between the two; in addition, since the smallest diameter of the throat 221 is usually the place with the largest pressure drop, this may also help the gas raw material to better penetrate and disperse into the liquid raw material, further improving the mixing efficiency.

[0064] The connection hole 225 is staggered with the air inlet pipe 224. Such arrangement has the following beneficial effects: 1. It ensures that the gas raw material and the liquid raw material are not directly impacted in the mixing tube 22, but are mixed in a more gentle and orderly manner, which helps to reduce energy loss and possible local overheating or overcooling during the mixing process; 2. The staggered arrangement can also provide a longer path and more time for the gas raw material to contact and mix with the liquid raw material, thereby further improving the uniformity and efficiency of the mixing; 3. When there are more than two types of gas raw materials, the gas raw materials can be mixed first in the gas cavity 223, and then mixed with the liquid raw material, which can improve the mixing efficiency.

[0065] The swing of the cylinder 1 and the rotation of the reaction tube 2 will affect the stability of the connection structure between the throat 221 and the feed pipe 10, so a hose 23 is connected between the throat 221 and the feed pipe 10. One end of the hose 23 is sleeved with the throat 221, and the other end is connected with a transition pipe 29, and the transition pipe 29 is rotatably connected to the second bearing 26. Since the hose 23 can be deformed, the throat 221 and the feed pipe 10 are softly connected. When the cylinder 1 swings and the reaction tube 2 rotates, the stability of the connection structure between the throat 221 and the feed pipe 10 can be maintained, and the transition pipe 29 and the second bearing 26 are rotatably connected to prevent the hose 23 from rotating with the feed pipe 10, so that the hose 23 will not break.

[0066] like Fig. 9 As shown, the outer end surface of the bearing seat 24 is also connected to a cover plate 41 , and the inner wall of the cover plate 41 is clamped with a second sealing ring 42 , which is sealed and connected to the transition pipe 29 .

[0067] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a horizontally arranged cylinder (1) and a reaction tube (2) arranged in the cylinder (1) and extending axially along the cylinder (1); The local space inside the reaction tube (2) is filled with a catalyst (17); A heating chamber (3) is formed between the outer wall of the reaction tube (2) and the inner wall of the barrel (1); the heating medium in the heating chamber (3) heats the reaction tube (2); The gas-liquid mixture enters from the inlet of the reaction tube (2), and the finished product flows out from the outlet of the reaction tube (2); While the gas-liquid mixture reacts in the reaction tube (2), the reaction tube (2) rotates and the cylinder (1) swings back and forth; When the reaction tube (2) rotates, its axis remains parallel to the axis of the cylinder (1), and its rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder (1); When the cylinder (1) swings, the angle between it and the horizontal plane changes; When the cylinder (1) swings to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane or the reaction tube (2) rotates, the upper end of the reaction tube (2) has a gap (46) formed by the catalyst (17) gathering toward the lower end of the reaction tube (2).

2. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is provided with two side-by-side arranged left plates (4) and right plates (5); The left side plate (4) and the right side plate (5) are connected via a connecting rod (27); The reaction tube (2) is sandwiched between the left side plate (4) and the right side plate (5); The outer sides of the left plate (4) and the right plate (5) are respectively connected to a left end cap (6) and a right end cap (7), so that a feed chamber (8) communicating with the reaction tube (2) is formed between the left plate (4) and the left end cap (6), and a discharge chamber (9) communicating with the reaction tube (2) is formed between the right plate (5) and the right end cap (7); The left end cap (6) axially leads out a feed pipe (10) connected to the feed chamber (8), and the feed pipe (10) is rotatably connected to one end of the cylinder (1); The right end cap (7) axially leads out a discharge pipe (11) connected to the discharge chamber (9), and the discharge pipe (11) is rotatably connected to the other end of the cylinder (1); The feed pipe (10) is connected to a driven gear (12) by means of a sleeve connection; The driven gear (12) is meshed with a driving gear (13); The driving end of the first reduction motor (14) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (13).

3. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left side plate (4) and the right side plate (5) are provided with through holes (15) for connecting the reaction tube (2) with the feed chamber (8) and the discharge chamber (9); The through hole (15) is covered with a sieve plate (16); the sieve holes on the sieve plate (16) are smaller than the particle size of the catalyst.

4. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local space occupies 8 / 9-9 / 10 of the volume of the reaction tube (2).

5. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is radially extended with two symmetrical and coaxially arranged rotating shafts (28), and the rotating shafts (28) are inserted into the fixed first seat bearing (18) to achieve rotational connection; An electric cylinder (19) is provided at the lower end of the opening and closing end of the cylinder (1), the cylinder bottom of the electric cylinder (19) is hinged to the cylinder seat (20), and the driving end of the electric cylinder (19) is hinged to the cylinder (1); Gas springs (21) are respectively arranged below the cylinder (1), axially arranged on the cylinder (1), and on both sides of the rotating shaft (28); the lower end of the shell of the gas spring (21) is hinged to the shell seat (43), and the driving end of the gas spring (21) is hinged to the cylinder (1).

6. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer end of the feed pipe (10) is connected to a mixing pipe (22), and the gas raw material and the liquid raw material are mixed in the mixing pipe (22) and then flow into the feed pipe (10); The mixing tube (22) comprises a throat (221), and the liquid raw material flows in from one end of the throat (221); The cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat (221) increases gradually from the center to both ends; The outer side of the throat (221) is connected to a sleeve (222), the inner wall of the sleeve (222) and the outer wall of the throat (221) form an air cavity (223), and the outer wall of the sleeve (222) is connected to an air inlet pipe (224) in communication with the air cavity (223); The throat pipe (221) is provided with a connection hole (225) communicating the inside and the outside.

7. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connection hole (225) is located at the point where the diameter of the throat (221) is the smallest.

8. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection hole (225) and the air inlet pipe (224) are arranged in a staggered manner.

9. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hose (23) is connected between the throat pipe (221) and the feed pipe (10).

10. A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that: A bearing seat (24) is disposed at the end of the cylinder (1), and a first bearing (25) and a second bearing (26) are disposed at both ends of the bearing seat (24); The first bearing (25) is rotatably connected to the feed pipe (10); One end of the hose (23) is sleeved with the throat (221), and the other end is connected to a transition pipe (29), and the transition pipe (29) is rotatably connected to the second bearing (26).

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