Method and equipment for manufacturing T profile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, in particular to a method and equipment for manufacturing a T profile. A method for manufacturing a T-shaped section bar comprises the steps that a web plate and a panel are connected through positioned welding, a clamping mechanism is opened, the connected T-shaped section bar is transferred to a welding jig frame, the included angle between the web plate and the horizontal plane and the included angle between the panel and the horizontal plane are kept to be 45 degrees, and upward angle seams between the web plate and the panel are welded. And finally, an angle seam on the other side between the web plate and the panel faces upwards and is welded. The included angles between the web and the panel and the horizontal plane are kept to be 45 degrees, and after a molten pool is formed between the web and the panel, the supporting force borne by the two sides of the molten pool is the same, so that the molten pool does not flow, and welding seams are distributed on the web and the panel more uniformly; therefore, the problem that in the prior art, the web plate and the panel are kept in a vertical state from assembly to welding completion, a molten pool flows in the welding process, the strength between the web plate and the panel is poor when welding is completed, and the ship quality is affected is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, and in particular to a method and equipment for manufacturing T-shaped bars. Background Art

[0002] In the process of shipbuilding, longitudinal bones are needed. Generally, flat steel, bulb flat steel, angle steel and T-shaped steel can be used. T-shaped steel can provide stronger longitudinal and transverse support than other profiles due to its unique T-shaped cross-section design. This structural characteristic enables T-shaped steel to significantly increase the overall structural stability of the hull in shipbuilding, ensuring that the ship has good stability and wind and wave resistance during navigation at sea, so it is more widely used in shipbuilding.

[0003] The T-profile includes a face plate and a vertical face plate set on the web. The edge of the web is welded and set in the middle of the face plate to form a T-shaped cross-section. In the manufacturing process of the T-profile, two flat plates are usually processed and then welded together. Since the face plate and the web are independent of each other and have a large weight, when welding, it is necessary to first put the face plate and the web in place, and use auxiliary devices to maintain the two in a perpendicular state, and then weld them together. For example, a Chinese utility model patent with an authorization announcement date of April 21, 2020 and an authorization announcement number of CN210359994U discloses a T-profile anti-dumping device (i.e., a T-profile manufacturing device), which includes a bottom profile (i.e., a base), two positioning plates are arranged at intervals on the bottom profile, outer sleeves are fixed on the positioning plates, an inner sleeve and an L-shaped plate (i.e., a web clamp) fixed on the inner sleeve are nested in the outer sleeve, the two L-shaped plates are arranged oppositely, a clamping space for clamping the web of the T-profile is formed between the two L-shaped plates, and a placement space for preventing the T-profile panel is formed between the two outer sleeves. The device can complete the relative limitation of the panel and web in the T-profile, making it convenient to weld the panel and web together.

[0004] However, in the above technical solution, in order to weld the web and the face plate together, the contacting parts of the web and the face plate need to be melted to form a molten pool, and then the molten pool is cooled to link the web and the face plate together accordingly. The molten pool is a liquid metal with fluidity. Since the web is arranged vertically, under the action of gravity, the metal liquid in the molten pool will flow outward, so that there will be redundant parts on the face plate and the web will lack some metal materials, resulting in a decrease in the strength between the face plate and the web. The use of such T-profiles on ships will also affect the quality of the ship. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing T-profiles to solve the problem in the prior art that the web and the panel remain in a vertical state from assembly to welding completion, while the molten pool flows during welding, resulting in a strength difference between the web and the panel when welding is completed, thereby affecting the quality of the ship; the present invention also provides an equipment for manufacturing T-profiles to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] A method for manufacturing T-profiles, during welding, firstly, the panel is placed horizontally and a web clamping mechanism is used to maintain the web in a vertical state, the web is adjusted to be at the center of the panel, then the web and the panel are connected by positioning welding, the clamping mechanism is opened and the connected T-profile is transferred to a welding jig, the web and the panel are kept at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane, the upwardly facing corner seam between the web and the panel is welded, and finally the corner seam on the other side between the web and the panel is placed upwardly and the web and the panel are kept at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane and the upper corner seam is welded.

[0007] Furthermore, after the fillet welding on one side is completed, the T-profile is lifted by a hoist and the T-profile is horizontally rotated 180°.

[0008] Furthermore, the tire frame is formed by removing material from a block profile or a plate.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the method for manufacturing T-profiles in the present invention are as follows: in the method for manufacturing T-profiles in the present invention, the face plate and the web are first placed in place. Since the web needs to be placed vertically, a web clamping mechanism is used to assist in positioning it. The web is adjusted to the center of the face plate to facilitate the web and face plate to be in a position suitable for welding. Since the web is in a vertical state at this time, if welding is performed directly, the strength at this point will be poor due to the flow of the molten pool. Therefore, the face plate and the web are first connected only by positioning welding, and then the formed T-profile is welded. Keep the web The web and the face plate are at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane. After a molten pool is formed between the web and the face plate, the supporting forces on both sides of the molten pool are the same, so that the molten pool will not flow. Therefore, after the molten pool is cooled, the welds are more evenly distributed on the web and the face plate. Similarly, when welding another corner seam, this method is still used to facilitate uniform distribution of the welds, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the web and the face plate remain in a vertical state from assembly to completion of welding, while the molten pool flows during welding, resulting in poor strength between the web and the face plate when welding is completed, thereby affecting the quality of the ship.

[0010] A device for manufacturing T-profiles, including a web clamping mechanism for positioning a web and a panel. The device for manufacturing T-profiles also includes a welding jig for tilting the T-profile to weld the corner seam between the web and the panel, the welding jig including a panel support surface for bonding with the panel and a web support surface for bonding with the web, the panel support surface and the web support surface are perpendicular to each other and both maintain an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane, and the web support surface and the panel support surface are arranged at intervals to form a panel accommodating space for accommodating a panel located on one side of the web.

[0011] Furthermore, the panel accommodating space is a U-shaped groove, one side of the U-shaped groove is flush with the panel supporting surface, and the end of the other side of the U-shaped groove is aligned with the web supporting surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the web clamping mechanism includes a base, a support column fixedly mounted on the base and arranged vertically, and a web clamping plate corresponding to the support column one by one and assembled in the support column. Two support columns are provided and arranged relatively spaced apart. A hinge rod with a circular cross-section is provided on the edge of the web clamping plate, and a hinge hole for inserting the hinge rod is provided on the support column.

[0013] Furthermore, the base is a flat plate, and the support column is a sleeve with a circular cross-section that is welded and fixed on the flat plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the space between the two support columns on the base is used to place the panel, and one end of the support column away from the base is provided with a split groove extending vertically to the end of the support column for the web clamping plate to be inserted and limited.

[0015] Furthermore, each support column is provided with at least two splitting grooves, and the multiple splitting grooves include a locking splitting groove arranged opposite to another support column so as to limit the web after the web clamping plate is assembled, and the splitting groove also includes at least one unlocking splitting groove with an angle of not less than 90° with the locking splitting groove.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the equipment for manufacturing T-profiles in the present invention are as follows: the equipment for manufacturing T-profiles in the present invention facilitates the maintenance of the positions of the webs and panels during the manufacturing process of the T-profiles by providing a web clamping mechanism, and facilitates the limiting of the position before welding; and facilitates the inclined arrangement of the T-profile during the welding process by providing a welding jig, because the panel support surface and the web support surface in the welding jig are perpendicular to each other and both maintain a 45° angle with the horizontal plane, then when the T-profile is placed on the welding jig, the web and the web will both maintain a 45° angle with the horizontal plane, and during welding, the formed molten pool receives the same support force on both sides, and the molten pool will not flow to cause welding deflection, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the web and the panel are kept in a vertical state from assembly to completion of welding, and the molten pool flows during welding, resulting in a strength difference between the web and the panel when welding is completed, thereby affecting the quality of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a web clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the device for manufacturing T-shaped profiles in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a welding jig frame in an embodiment of the equipment for manufacturing T-profiles in the present invention.

[0020] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: 11, base; 12, support column; 121, unlocking groove; 13, web clamping plate; 131, weight reduction hole; 21, panel support surface; 22, web support surface; 23, panel avoidance groove; 31, panel; 32, web. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described below by the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0022] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0023] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In the following description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention, and have no specific meanings. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used interchangeably.

[0027] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the embodiment 1 of the device for manufacturing T-profile in the present invention:

[0029] In this embodiment, the manufacturing of the T-profile is divided into two steps: step one: connecting and relatively fixing the independent panels and webs; step two: reinforcing the connected panels and webs, and continuously welding the corner seams between the panels and webs to form a complete T-profile. For the two steps, corresponding auxiliary devices are required in each step. In step one, a web clamping mechanism is required to relatively limit the panels and webs, and in step two, a welding frame is required to tilt the connected T-profile.

[0030] Since the T-shaped bar is welded from two mutually perpendicular metal plates, the two metal plates are independent of each other before welding, so the two metal plates, namely the face plate 31 and the web 32, need to be kept in corresponding positions during the welding process. Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the web clamping mechanism includes a base 11, which is used to be placed on the ground, and specifically, the base 11 is a metal plate. Two support columns 12 are welded and fixed on the upper surface of the base 11, and the two support columns 12 are arranged at intervals to facilitate the placement of the panel 31 between the two support columns 12. The two support columns 12 are arranged at the same height, and the center of each support column 12 has a cylindrical hollow part, that is, the cross-section of each support column 12 is a circular ring. The web clamping mechanism also includes a web clamping plate 13 assembled with the support column 12, and the central part of the web clamping plate 13 is provided with a weight reduction hole 131, and a hinge rod with a circular cross-section is provided on the edge of one side of the web clamping plate 13 (blocked by the support column and not shown in the figure), and the hinge rod is cylindrical and inserted into the hollow part of the support column 12. The hinge rod and the support column 12 are nested and arranged, and the hinge rod can rotate relative to the support column 12. Since the hinged rod is cylindrical and the support column 12 is a hollow cylinder, the rotation between the two is facilitated. Of course, in other embodiments, the hinged rod can also be set to a structure with a square cross-section so that the edges of the hinged rod are in contact with the cylindrical inner surface of the support column. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the hinged rod can also be set to a cylindrical shape, and the support column can be in the shape of an inner circle and an outer square.

[0031] The web clamping plates 13 assembled on the two support columns 12 can clamp the web 32 between the edges of the two web clamping plates 13 when arranged relative to each other, thereby fixing the web 32. Before welding, the panel 31 needs to be placed on the base 11, and after welding, the fixed T-shaped bar needs to be taken out from the web clamping mechanism, which requires the web clamping plates 13 to be relatively movable. When clamping is required, a small space is reserved between the two web clamping plates 13, and when the T-shaped bar needs to be moved, a large space is reserved between the two web 32 clamping parts. A limiting structure for limiting the web clamping plates 13 is provided on the support column 12. Specifically, a splitting groove extending from the middle to the upper end surface is provided at the upper end of the support column 12. The width of the splitting groove is not less than the thickness of the web clamping plate 13 for inserting the web clamping plate 13, and the web clamping plate 13 can be limited after the web clamping plate 13 is inserted. Since the web clamping plate 13 has a state of clamping the web 32 and a state of allowing the panel 31 or T-shaped material to pass through, two splitting grooves are provided on the support column 12, one of which is directly opposite to the other support column 12 so that the web 32 can be limited after the web clamping plate 13 is assembled and constitutes a locking splitting groove. At the same time, an unlocking splitting groove 121 is also provided, and the unlocking splitting groove 121 is arranged at 90° with the locking splitting groove for easy unlocking. Of course, in other embodiments, the locking splitting groove and the unlocking splitting groove may also be at other angles not less than 90°. Alternatively, in other embodiments, multiple splitting grooves may also be provided, one of which is a locking splitting groove and the rest are unlocking splitting grooves, that is, there may not be only one unlocking splitting groove.

[0032] During the process of the web clamping plate 13 clamping the web 32, if there is a large gap between the hinged rod and the support column 12, the axes of the clamping rod may not be colinear during actual use, resulting in a gap between the web clamping plate 13, and the web 32 cannot be effectively clamped. Therefore, during the design process, it is necessary to maintain as small a gap fit or even an interference fit as possible between the hinged rod and the support column 12. In this embodiment, since the hinged rod and the support column 12 are both cylindrical, when in use, the web clamping plate 13 can be lifted up to a certain height, so that the web clamping plate 13 is higher than the upper end surface of the support column 12 while the hinged rod is still inserted in the support column 12, avoiding the difficulty of re-inserting the hinged rod after it is completely pulled out. In other words, in this embodiment, the web clamping plate 13 can be used to accurately limit the web 32, and it is also convenient to switch between the two states of the web clamping plate 13.

[0033] In step 2, the T-profile needs to be kept in an inclined state, such as Figure 2 As shown, the welding jig in this embodiment is an integrated structure. Specifically, the welding jig is a jig made of block profiles with excess material removed. A panel support surface 21 arranged obliquely for fitting with the panel 31 and supporting the panel 31, and a web support surface 22 arranged obliquely for fitting with the web 32 and supporting the web 32 are processed in the welding jig. The panel support surface 21 and the web support surface 22 are both at an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane. Since the cross section of the T-profile is T-shaped, the two vertically arranged surfaces will cause the panel 31 on one side of the web 32 to abut against one of the surfaces, resulting in the web 32 and the web support surface 22 being unable to fit together. Therefore, a panel accommodating space for accommodating the panel 31 on one side of the web 32 is also provided on the welding jig. Specifically, the panel accommodating space is a panel avoidance groove 23, which is a U-shaped groove, one side of which is flush with the panel support surface 21, and the end of the other side of the U-shaped groove is aligned with the web support surface 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the welding jig can also be welded from multiple separate plates, the panel support surface is formed by the plate surface of the panel support plate, and the web support surface is formed by the plate surface of the web support plate. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the welding jig can also be welded from multiple pipes, in which case the panel support surface and the web support surface are each composed of at least two pipes. Of course, in other embodiments, the welding jig can also be made by cutting excess material from the plate.

[0034] In an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a T-profile in the present invention:

[0035] In this embodiment, taking the structure of the above-mentioned equipment for manufacturing T-profiles as an example, first, the separate panels 31 and webs 32 are welded together to form a T-profile. At this time, the connection strength between the panels 31 and the webs 32 in the T-profile is not sufficient. Then, the T-profile is placed at an angle to facilitate welding of the corner seams between the panels 31 and the webs 32.

[0036] Specifically, first, the web clamping plates 13 are all clamped in the unlocking splitting groove 121, the panel 31 is placed on the base 11, and then the web 32 is hoisted to the top of the base 11, and the web 32 is slowly placed in the center of the panel 31, and then the position of the web clamping plates 13 is adjusted so that the web clamping plates 13 can clamp the web 32. Of course, after completing the clamping, the relative position of the panel 31 and the web 32 still needs to be adjusted, and the relative position of the two can be adjusted by adjusting the panel 31. Then, the web 32 and the panel 31 are connected together by tack welding. Specifically, the tack welding is to connect the web 32 and the panel 31 together by spot welding or continuous welding with a shorter weld. At least two places between the web 32 and the panel 31 can be welded to achieve the positioning of the panel 31 and the web 32. In this embodiment, welding is performed every 1 meter, which not only completes the relative positioning of the panel 31 and the web 32, but also maintains the connection strength between the panel 31 and the web 32 during the lifting process to prevent them from falling off. Of course, in other embodiments, positioning welding can also be performed only at both ends of the panel.

[0037] After the relative fixation of the panel 31 and the web 32 is completed, the connection between the panel 31 and the web 32 needs to be strengthened. At this time, the web clamping plate 13 is opened so that the T-profile can be lifted out. Use a sling to lift the T-profile onto the welding frame so that the panel 31 fits with the panel support surface 21, and the web 32 fits with the web support surface 22. Part of the panel 31 is placed in the panel avoidance groove, and then the corner seam between the panel 31 and the web 32 is welded. When welding, use an automatic welding trolley, adsorb the automatic welding trolley on the web 32, and weld the corner seam along the length direction of the T-profile. Since the panel 31 and the web 32 are at an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane at this time, after the molten pool is formed, the molten pool is supported by the same support on both sides, the molten pool is not easy to flow, the weld legs on the panel 31 and the web 32 are evenly divided, and the welding quality is better. Then use a lifting device to lift the T-profile, turn the lifted T-profile 180° and place the unwelded corner seam upward, and weld the unwelded corner seam on one side.

[0038] After welding, the quality of the weld needs to be checked. After the corner seam welding on each side is completed, the defects need to be repaired and polished. Since the weld is facing upward, it is also convenient for workers to weld and repair, the working conditions are optimized, and the work efficiency is higher. After the corner seams on both sides are welded, the straightness of the T-profile is checked by the wire drawing method or the T-profile is straightened by pyrotechnic bending according to the reverse straight line method. After completion, the formed T-profile can be transported to the place where it is needed.

[0039] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a T-profile, characterized in that: When welding, first place the panel horizontally and use the web clamping mechanism to maintain the web in a vertical state, adjust the web to the center of the panel, then connect the web and the panel by positioning welding, open the clamping mechanism and transfer the connected T-profile to the welding frame, keep the web and the panel at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane, weld the upward corner seam between the web and the panel, and finally place the corner seam on the other side between the web and the panel upwards and keep the web and the panel at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane and weld the upper corner seam.

2. The method for manufacturing a T-shaped material according to claim 1, characterized in that: After completing the fillet welding on one side, use a hoist to lift the T-profile and rotate the T-profile 180° horizontally.

3. The method for manufacturing a T-shaped profile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tire frame is formed by removing materials from block profiles or plates.

4. A device for manufacturing T-shaped materials, comprising a web clamping mechanism for positioning a web and a face plate, characterized in that: The equipment for manufacturing T-profiles also includes a welding jig for tilting the T-profile to weld the corner seam between the web and the panel, the welding jig includes a panel supporting surface for bonding with the panel and a web supporting surface for bonding with the web, the panel supporting surface and the web supporting surface are perpendicular to each other and both maintain an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane, and the web supporting surface and the panel supporting surface are arranged at intervals to form a panel accommodating space for accommodating the panel located on one side of the web.

5. The device for manufacturing T-shaped bars according to claim 4, characterized in that: The panel accommodating space is a U-shaped groove, one side of the U-shaped groove is flush with the panel support surface, and the end of the other side of the U-shaped groove is aligned with the web support surface.

6. The device for manufacturing T-shaped profiles according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The web clamping mechanism includes a base, a support column fixedly mounted on the base and arranged vertically, and a web clamping plate corresponding to the support column one by one and assembled in the support column. Two support columns are provided and arranged relatively spaced apart. A hinge rod with a circular cross-section is provided on the edge of the web clamping plate, and a hinge hole for inserting the hinge rod is provided on the support column.

7. The device for manufacturing T-shaped bars according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base is a flat plate, and the support column is a sleeve with a circular cross section which is welded and fixed on the flat plate.

8. The device for manufacturing T-shaped bars according to claim 7, characterized in that: The space between the two support columns on the base is used to place the panel, and one end of the support column away from the base is provided with a split groove vertically extending to the end of the support column for the web clamping plate to be inserted and limited.

9. The device for manufacturing T-shaped bars according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each support column is provided with at least two splitting grooves, including a locking splitting groove arranged opposite to another support column so as to limit the web after the web clamping plate is assembled, and the splitting groove also includes at least one unlocking splitting groove with an angle of not less than 90° with the locking splitting groove.

Images