Bionic anti-skid structure changing along with temperature

Abstract

The invention provides a bionic anti-skid structure changing along with temperature, belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, is used for reducing loss of ice surface anti-skid materials, and comprises a piston, a pin body, a shell and a plurality of springs. The shell is H-shaped, and an inner cavity of the shell is used for wrapping the pin body, the spring and the piston. Anti-skid materials are attached to the bottom of the pin body, and the top of the pin body is connected with the top of the shell through a spring. The piston is of a transversely-placed T-shaped structure, the vertical part of the piston is attached to the right side of the shell, and a piston cavity is used for containing water. The piston disc structure is connected with the shell through a spring, and the piston can return to the original position when ice in the piston cavity melts. When water in the piston cavity freezes at low temperature and expands in volume, the piston pushes the pin body to move until the piston is clamped into the middle section slope of the pin body. The anti-skid material has high temperature self-adaptive capacity, and the loss of the anti-skid material can be effectively reduced; and the structure is simple, the reliability is high, and the application adaptability is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, and relates to a simple mechanical telescopic structure with strong adaptability, and in particular to a bionic anti-slip structure that changes with temperature. Background Art

[0002] Anti-slip materials on ice surfaces play a very important role in our daily production and life. In the literature Z. Bagheri, Ali Anwer, G. Fernie, H. Naguib, T. Dutta. "Improving Slip Resistance on Ice: Surface-Textured Composite Materials for Slip-Resistant Footwear." Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (2018)., a composite outsole material with a unique structure was developed, which consists of a soft rubber compound and hard microscopic fibers protruding from the surface. The manufacturing and testing parameters were optimized by the Taguchi method. The results showed that the material has a higher coefficient of friction on the ice surface than any material on the market and has good anti-slip ability. However, anti-slip materials are usually in a state of continuous exposure and are susceptible to unnecessary wear in non-ice environments, which shortens the life of the anti-slip material and increases maintenance costs.

[0003] In the application scenario of anti-skid on ice, traditional anti-skid materials are often in a state of continuous exposure. Regardless of whether they are in an ice environment or not, they are always in contact with the outside world. This causes the anti-skid materials to suffer unnecessary wear in non-ice environments, which accelerates their wear rate and greatly shortens their service life, increasing the cost and workload of frequent replacement of anti-skid materials. In addition, some existing anti-skid structures often cannot automatically and flexibly adjust the use status of anti-skid materials according to changes in ambient temperature.

[0004] Therefore, a telescopic structure similar to a "cat's claw" is needed, which is a mechanical structure that can automatically adjust the position of the anti-slip material according to the ambient temperature to avoid the anti-slip material from contacting the ground when it is not necessary. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a bionic anti-skid structure that changes with temperature, that is, a mechanical structure that can automatically control the extension or retraction of the anti-skid material according to the ambient temperature, thereby effectively reducing the loss of the anti-skid material on the ice surface and improving its use efficiency and overall service life.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A bionic anti-skid structure that changes with temperature is a mechanical structure used to slow down the loss of anti-skid materials on ice surfaces. It is mainly composed of a piston 7, a pin body 2, a housing 1, and a plurality of springs, as follows:

[0008] The shell 1 is made of a material with a certain strength and good thermal conductivity, which helps the internal water to quickly respond to external temperature changes, and is relatively light in weight, which is conducive to the flexible operation of the entire structure. The material includes but is not limited to metal materials. The overall shape of the shell 1 is similar to an "H" shape. The lower left side of the shell 1 is an open structure, and the other surfaces are closed structures. The internal cavity is used to wrap the pin body 2, three springs and the piston 7.

[0009] The pin body 2 is a cylindrical structure, arranged inside the left cavity of the housing 1 and on the left side of the piston 7; the bottom of the pin body 2, i.e., the opening side of the housing 1, is attached with an anti-slip material 3; a first spring 4 is arranged between the top and the inner surface of the left cavity to provide a reset force, and the top of the pin body 2 is connected to the top of the housing 1 through the spring 4. The first spring 4 provides a pulling force to ensure that the pin body 2 can be retracted into the housing 1 when the ice in the piston cavity 8 melts when the temperature rises. The middle section of the pin body 2 is processed with an inclined surface at the junction with the piston 7 to match the inclined surface of the "nail" tip of the piston 7, to ensure that the piston 7 can smoothly and accurately squeeze the pin body 2 out of the cavity through the action of the inclined surface when moving.

[0010] The piston 7 is a "T"-shaped structure placed horizontally as a whole, similar to a horizontal "nail", including a horizontal part and a vertical part. The horizontal part is a rod-shaped structure, placed in the middle cavity of the outer shell 1, and the end of the horizontal part is processed into an inclined surface and faces the pin body 2. The vertical part is located in the right cavity of the outer shell 1. The vertical part is a disc structure that fits the inner wall of the right cavity of the outer shell 1. The right side of the disc structure is connected to the piston cavity 8. The inside of the piston cavity 8 is a hollow structure for accommodating liquid. When the water in the piston cavity 8 freezes at low temperature and expands in volume, the piston 7 pushes the pin body 2 to move until the piston 7 is stuck in the middle inclined surface of the pin body 2 to ensure that the pin body 2 will not generate a force directed to the cylinder body when under pressure, thereby preventing the ice inside the piston cavity 8 from melting.

[0011] The left side surface of the piston 7 disc structure is connected to the housing 1 through the second spring 5 and the third spring 6, that is, the side of the piston 7 "nail" cap facing the "nail" tip is connected to the housing 1 through the second spring 5 and the third spring 6. The second spring 5 and the third spring 6 apply a force pushing toward both ends so that the piston 7 can return to its original position when the ice in the piston cavity melts.

[0012] An appropriate amount of water is injected into the piston chamber 8. The amount of water injected is calculated based on the volume of the piston chamber and the characteristics of water expansion when it freezes, and 20%-30% of the space is reserved to prevent excessive expansion of water when it freezes and damage the piston or the housing. After the water is injected, a sealing plug or sealant is used to seal the opening of the piston chamber 8 to ensure that water does not leak.

[0013] When the water in the piston cavity 8 is in liquid state, the second spring 5 and the third spring 6 are in a natural state; when the anti-skid material 3 at the bottom of the pin body 2 does not extend out of the cavity of the shell 1, the first spring 4 is in a natural state. At low temperatures, the volume of water increases after freezing and expansion, pushing the piston 7 to move in the direction of the pin body 2. The rod-shaped end of the piston 7 is stuck in the middle slope of the pin body 2, pushing the pin body 2 downward, that is, the anti-skid material 3 extends out of the cavity of the shell 1. At this time, the first spring 4 is stretched, and the second spring 5 and the third spring 6 are compressed. When the temperature rises and the ice melts, the pin body 2 returns to the anti-skid material 3 through the reset action of the three springs, that is, the anti-skid material 3 returns to the cavity of the shell 1.

[0014] Furthermore, the main body material of the pin body 2 is selected from high-strength materials, such as high-quality carbon structural steel (for example, 45 steel), which has good strength and toughness, can withstand extension and retraction without damage, and ensure the reliability and durability of the structure.

[0015] Furthermore, lubricant may be added to the inclined surface of the middle section of the pin body 2 and the inclined surface of the tip of the piston 7 .

[0016] Furthermore, the piston chamber 8 is composed of the end surface of the disc structure of the piston 7 and the inner wall surface of the housing 1.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle of the inclined surface at the end of the horizontal part of the piston 7 is set according to the principle of mechanics, so that it can cooperate with the inclined surface of the pin body 2 to achieve force transmission and push the pin body 2 to move.

[0018] Furthermore, the piston 7 is made of a high-strength and corrosion-resistant metal material, such as stainless steel.

[0019] Furthermore, the water injected into the piston chamber 8 can be replaced with liquids with different melting points (such as oil) according to different ambient temperatures, or salt substances can be added to the water to turn it into brine to change its melting point.

[0020] The bionic anti-slip structure described above constitutes a unit. In actual use, a plurality of units can be arranged and combined into an array to play a role.

[0021] The effects and benefits of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention has a high degree of temperature self-adaptation capability. Based on the physical state change characteristics of water and the synergistic effect of a cleverly designed mechanical structure, the structure can accurately sense changes in the external temperature around zero degrees and automatically make corresponding adjustments without the need for human intervention. The operation is simple and reliable, ensuring the rationality and effectiveness of anti-slip measures in different temperature environments.

[0023] (2) The present invention can effectively reduce the loss of anti-skid materials. Through the mechanical structure of the present invention, the extension and retraction of the anti-skid material can be automatically controlled according to the ambient temperature, so that the anti-skid material can only work when it contacts the ground in an icy environment (under low temperature conditions), and retract in time in a non-icy environment, thereby avoiding unnecessary wear and tear caused by long-term exposure to the outside, significantly extending the service life of the anti-skid material, and reducing the cost and workload of frequent replacement of the anti-skid material.

[0024] (3) The present invention has a simple structure and high reliability: the entire mechanical structure is mainly composed of common and easy-to-manufacture components such as pistons, pin bodies and springs. The manufacturing process is relatively conventional and easy to achieve large-scale production. The matching relationship between the various components is clear, the working principle is clear and reliable, and in the long-term use process, as long as it is maintained according to reasonable maintenance requirements, it is not easy to fail and the maintenance cost is relatively low.

[0025] (4) The present invention has wide application adaptability: the mechanical structure can be conveniently applied to various equipment that needs to walk or travel on ice, such as vehicle tires in winter, pedestrians' anti-slip shoes, the bottom of mechanical equipment for outdoor operations, etc. It has strong versatility and broad application prospects, and can provide effective solutions to the anti-slip problem on ice surfaces in multiple fields, thereby improving the safety and practicality of related equipment in ice environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1 housing; 2 pin body; 3 anti-slip material; 4 first spring; 5 second spring; 6 third spring; 7 piston; 8 piston chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.

[0029] Part 1: Assemble as follows:

[0030] One end of the first spring 4 used for resetting the pin body 2 is hung on the hook at the tail of the pin body 2 (or installed in a pre-designed spring installation hole), and the other end is fixed to the corresponding installation position on the top of the shell 1, ensuring that the first spring 4 is firmly installed and in a natural tension state without twisting or winding, so that the pin body 2 can slide freely in the cavity, and the sliding resistance is controlled between 1-3N, ensuring that the pin body 2 can be smoothly extended and retracted when subjected to the thrust of the piston 7 and the tension of the spring 4.

[0031] Install the piston 7 into the piston cavity 8 from the opening on the other side of the housing 1, ensuring that the piston 7 can move flexibly without shaking or leaking during the movement. At the same time, install the second spring 5 and the third spring 6 for piston reset between the side of the piston "nail" cap facing the "nail" tip and the housing 1. The installation method of the two ends of the second spring 5 and the third spring 6 is similar to that of the pin body reset spring 4, ensuring that the piston can be reset smoothly when the ice in the piston cavity melts into water.

[0032] An appropriate amount of water is injected into the piston chamber 8. The amount of water injected is calculated based on the volume of the piston chamber and the characteristics of water expansion when it freezes. In this embodiment, 25% of the space is reserved to prevent excessive expansion of water when it freezes and damage to the piston or the housing. After injecting water, a sealant is used to seal the opening of the piston chamber 8 to ensure that water does not leak.

[0033] Finally, an assembled bionic anti-slip structure is obtained.

[0034] Part II: Debugging and Optimization:

[0035] First, debug in a low-temperature environment simulation box, place the assembled bionic anti-skid structure in the simulation box, set the temperature to -10℃ to -5℃, and observe the movement of the piston 7 and the pin body 2. Check whether the piston 7 can smoothly squeeze out the pin body 2 when the water freezes and expands, whether the position of the pin body 2 is accurate, whether the anti-skid material 3 can make good contact with the simulated ground, and measure the contact pressure between the anti-skid material 3 and the ground through a pressure sensor to ensure that the anti-skid effect reaches the expected result.

[0036] Next, raise the temperature of the simulation box to 5°C to 10°C, and observe whether the piston 7 and the pin body 2 can smoothly return to their original positions under the action of the three springs (the first spring 4, the second spring 5, and the third spring 6), and whether the pin body 2 completely enters the housing 1 after retracting to prevent the anti-slip material 3 from contacting the outside world in a non-ice environment. At the same time, check whether the three springs are abnormally deformed or stuck during the extension and retraction process. If there is a problem, adjust the spring coefficient or installation position.

[0037] According to the debugging results, the dimensions of each component of the bionic anti-slip structure, spring parameters, inclined plane matching angle, etc. are optimized to improve the overall performance and reliability. For example, if it is found that the force of the piston 7 pushing the pin body 2 is insufficient, the angle of the top inclined plane of the piston 7 can be appropriately increased; if the pin body 2 retracts too slowly, the stiffness coefficient of the first spring 4 can be appropriately increased.

[0038] Part 3: Application Installation:

[0039] Application of vehicle tires: Multiple bionic anti-skid structures of the present invention are evenly distributed and installed in the grooves of the tread pattern of vehicle tires, and the housing 1 is fixed to the tire by bolts or special clamps to ensure that the extension direction of the pin body 2 of the bionic anti-skid structure is consistent with the driving direction of the tire. When driving on ice, the anti-skid material 3 extends to increase the friction between the tire and the ice surface, thereby improving the anti-skid performance of the vehicle; when driving on non-ice surfaces, the anti-skid material 3 retracts to avoid wear.

[0040] Application of anti-skid shoes: The bionic anti-skid structure is installed at specific positions of the sole, such as the forefoot and heel, and the shell 1 is firmly fixed to the sole by embedding or bonding. According to the force characteristics of the human body when walking, the installation angle of the bionic anti-skid structure is adjusted so that the anti-skid material 3 can better play an anti-skid role when walking on ice, while not affecting the comfort of walking on ordinary roads.

[0041] Application on the bottom of outdoor mechanical equipment: For mechanical equipment used in outdoor operations (such as cranes, excavators, etc.), the bionic anti-skid structure is installed in the part that is easy to contact with the ice surface according to the structural design of the bottom of the equipment, and fixed by welding or bolting. When working in cold weather, the bionic anti-skid structure automatically activates the anti-skid function to ensure the stability and safety of the equipment on the ice surface. In actual use, the bionic anti-skid structure should be inspected and maintained regularly, such as checking the wear of the anti-skid material 3 and replacing the severely worn anti-skid material 3 in time; checking whether the elasticity of the three springs is normal, and replacing the springs in time if there are signs of fatigue failure; checking whether the moving parts of the piston 7 and the pin body 2 are rusted or stuck, and if necessary, clean and lubricate them to ensure that the mechanical structure is always in good working condition.

[0042] The above-described embodiments merely express the implementation methods of the present invention, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic anti-slip structure that changes with temperature, characterized in that: The bionic anti-slip structure comprises a piston (7), a pin body (2), a housing (1) and a plurality of springs, as follows: The overall shape of the housing (1) is similar to an "H" shape, and the lower left side of the housing (1) is an open structure, and the internal cavity is used to enclose the pin body (2), the spring and the piston (7); The pin body (2) is a cylindrical structure and is arranged inside the left cavity of the housing (1); an anti-slip material (3) is attached to the bottom of the pin body (2), and the top of the pin body (2) is connected to the top of the housing (1) via a first spring (4); a slope is machined at the junction of the middle section of the pin body (2) and the piston (7) to match the slope of the tip of the piston (7), so as to ensure that the piston (7) squeezes the pin body (2) out of the cavity through the action of the slope when moving; The piston (7) is a "T"-shaped structure placed horizontally as a whole, comprising a horizontal part and a vertical part; the horizontal part is a rod-shaped structure, the end of the horizontal part is processed into an inclined surface and faces the pin body (2); the vertical part is located in the right cavity of the shell (1), the vertical part is a disc structure and fits the wall of the right cavity of the shell (1), and the right side of the disc structure and the wall of the shell (1) are between the piston cavity (8), and the piston cavity (8) is used to contain water; when the water in the piston cavity (8) freezes at low temperature and expands in volume, the piston (7) pushes the pin body (2) to move until the piston (7) is stuck in the middle inclined surface of the pin body (2); The left side of the disc structure of the piston (7) is connected to the housing (1) via a second spring (5) and a third spring (6), and the second spring (5) and the third spring (6) exert a force pushing toward both ends so that the piston (7) can return to its original position when the ice in the piston cavity melts; An appropriate amount of water is injected into the piston chamber (8).

2. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of water injected into the piston chamber (8) is calculated based on the volume of the piston chamber and the characteristics of water expansion when it freezes, and 20%-30% of the space is reserved.

3. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: After water is injected into the piston cavity (8), a sealing plug or a sealing glue is used to seal the opening of the piston cavity (8).

4. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin body (2) is made of high-strength material, including carbon structural steel.

5. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lubricant can be added to the middle inclined surface of the pin body (2) and the tip inclined surface of the piston (7).

6. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (7) is made of a high-strength and corrosion-resistant metal material, including stainless steel.

7. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) has good thermal conductivity and is lightweight, and its material includes but is not limited to metal material.

8. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spring (4) provides a pulling force to ensure that when the temperature rises and the ice in the piston chamber (8) melts, the pin body (2) can be retracted into the housing (1).

9. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injected into the piston chamber (8) can be replaced with liquids with different melting points according to different ambient temperatures, or salt substances can be added to the water to turn it into salt water to change its melting point.

10. The temperature-dependent bionic anti-slip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic anti-slip structure forms a unit, and in actual use, multiple units can be arranged and combined into an array.

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