A thermal management system, automobile

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of thermal management system, automobile.Therein, thermal management system includes: refrigerant circuit and water circuit.Refrigerant circuit includes: compressor, condenser, first valve, cooler, also includes one of liquid accumulator and gas-liquid separator.In the case where refrigerant circuit includes liquid accumulator, the input end of liquid accumulator is connected with the first output end of condenser, the output end of liquid accumulator is connected with the input end of first valve.In the case where refrigerant circuit includes gas-liquid separator, the input end of gas-liquid separator is connected with the first output end of cooler, the output end of gas-liquid separator is connected with the input end of compressor.Refrigerant circuit is configured to circulate refrigerant, absorb or release heat, realize refrigeration or heating.Water circuit includes multiple circuits, at least part of circuit includes condenser and / or cooler;Water circuit is configured to transfer heat, adjust temperature.Through the cooperation of refrigerant circuit and water circuit, the stable operation of thermal management system under lower temperature environment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing technology, specifically to a thermal management system and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicle thermal management systems absorb heat from the external environment and transfer it to the vehicle interior through refrigerant circulation, thus providing heating. Furthermore, these systems consume only a small amount of electricity to drive components such as the compressor, exhibiting high energy efficiency and helping to reduce vehicle energy consumption and carbon emissions. Therefore, electric vehicles can utilize thermal management systems to address their heating needs.

[0003] However, the thermal management system is greatly limited by the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is below -10℃, the heating efficiency and heating capacity of the thermal management system will be greatly reduced due to the decrease in the pressure and density of the refrigerant on the compressor suction side. The compressor is prone to entering the shutdown protection state and cannot provide stable heating output to users. When the ambient temperature is at or below -15℃, the thermal management system basically cannot work properly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a thermal management system to solve the problem that existing thermal management systems cannot provide normal heating performance in low-temperature environments; another objective is to provide an automobile.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A thermal management system includes a refrigerant circuit and a water circuit.

[0007] The refrigerant circuit includes: a compressor, a condenser, a first valve, a cooler, and one of a liquid receiver and a gas-liquid separator.

[0008] The compressor's output is connected to the condenser's first input, the condenser's first output is connected to the first valve's input, the first valve's output is connected to the cooler's first input, and the cooler's first output is connected to the compressor's input.

[0009] In the case where the refrigerant circuit includes a liquid receiver, the input end of the liquid receiver is connected to the first output end of the condenser, and the output end of the liquid receiver is connected to the input end of the first valve.

[0010] In the case where the refrigerant circuit includes a gas-liquid separator, the input end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first output end of the cooler, and the output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the input end of the compressor.

[0011] The refrigerant circuit is configured to circulate refrigerant, which absorbs or releases heat to achieve cooling or heating.

[0012] The water circuit includes multiple circuits, and at least some of the circuits include a condenser and / or a cooler.

[0013] The water circuit is configured to transfer heat and regulate temperature.

[0014] Based on the aforementioned technical means, by controlling the compressor's speed and power, the intake pressure and refrigerant flow rate can be dynamically adjusted to meet heating demands in low-temperature environments. Precise control of the first valve opening allows for adjustment of the refrigerant flow rate according to the thermal management system's requirements, especially in low-temperature environments where appropriately increasing the valve opening increases the refrigerant flow. The condenser and cooler enable the refrigerant to rapidly release or absorb heat even at low temperatures, ensuring heating performance. Adding a liquid receiver in the refrigerant circuit stores a certain amount of refrigerant, preventing its reduction due to condensation at low temperatures, thus maintaining a continuous and stable refrigerant supply. Alternatively, a gas-liquid separator can effectively separate the gas and liquid in the refrigerant flowing from the cooler, ensuring that the refrigerant entering the compressor is pure liquid, improving the compressor's operating efficiency in low-temperature environments. By using the compressor, condenser, first valve, and cooler, in conjunction with a liquid receiver or gas-liquid separator, the stability of the refrigerant flow rate or the compressor's operating efficiency can be achieved in low-temperature environments, ensuring that the thermal management system provides normal heating performance at low temperatures. Meanwhile, the water circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant circuit through the condenser and cooler, thereby achieving heat transfer and temperature regulation, enabling the water circuit to operate stably even in low-temperature environments.

[0015] Therefore, by coordinating the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit, the thermal management system can operate stably in a lower temperature environment, which can effectively reduce system energy consumption and costs.

[0016] Furthermore, the water circuit includes: a first circuit, a second circuit, a third circuit, and a fourth circuit. The first circuit, the second circuit, the third circuit, and the fourth circuit are all connected to an eight-way water valve.

[0017] The eight-way water valve has the following input terminals: first input terminal, second input terminal, third input terminal and fourth input terminal.

[0018] The output terminals of the eight-way water valve include: the first output terminal, the second output terminal, the third output terminal, and the fourth output terminal.

[0019] The first end of the first circuit is connected to the first output end of the eight-way water valve, and the second end of the first circuit is connected to the first input end of the eight-way water valve.

[0020] The first end of the second circuit is connected to the second output end of the eight-way water valve, and the second end of the second circuit is connected to the second input end of the eight-way water valve.

[0021] The first end of the third circuit is connected to the third output end of the eight-way water valve, and the second end of the third circuit is connected to the third input end of the eight-way water valve.

[0022] The first end of the fourth circuit is connected to the fourth output end of the eight-way water valve, and the second end of the third circuit is connected to the fourth input end of the eight-way water valve.

[0023] The eight-way water valve controls the fluid flow direction and flow rate of the first, second, third, and fourth circuits by connecting and switching the input and output ends.

[0024] Based on the aforementioned technical means, the eight-way water valve plays a key control role. Through the connection and switching of its multiple input and output terminals, it can flexibly control the fluid flow direction and flow rate of the condenser in the first loop, the battery module in the second loop, the motor module in the third loop, and the cooler in the fourth loop. This allows the water loop system to be dynamically adjusted according to different operating requirements, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the thermal management system.

[0025] Furthermore, the first circuit includes: a first three-way valve, a first water pump, a condenser, and a second three-way proportional valve.

[0026] The input end of the first three-way valve is connected to the first output end of the eight-way water valve; the output end of the first three-way valve is connected to the input end of the first water pump; the output end of the first water pump is connected to the second input end of the condenser; the second output end of the condenser is connected to the first input end of the second three-way proportional valve; and the first output end of the second three-way proportional valve is connected to the first input end of the eight-way water valve.

[0027] Based on the aforementioned technical means, the coordinated operation of various components in the first loop enables functions such as cooling medium circulation, temperature regulation, flow control, and system balance, providing important support for the cooling or heating system of the entire thermal management system.

[0028] Furthermore, the first circuit also includes a warm air core.

[0029] The input end of the heater core is connected to the second output end of the second three-way proportional valve, and the output end of the heater core is connected to the second input end of the first three-way valve. The heater core is configured to heat the air.

[0030] Based on the aforementioned technical means, the water circuit enhances the warm air or heating function.

[0031] Furthermore, the first circuit also includes a sixth temperature sensor. The sixth temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the heater core and to the second output end of the second three-way proportional valve.

[0032] Based on the aforementioned technical means, the working status of the heating system can be monitored and evaluated to ensure the comfort of passengers and the performance of the heating system.

[0033] Furthermore, the second circuit includes: a third three-way valve, a second water pump, a battery module, and a fourth three-way valve.

[0034] The first input terminal of the third three-way valve is connected to the second output terminal of the eight-way water valve. The output terminal of the third three-way valve is connected to the input terminal of the second water pump. The output terminal of the second water pump is connected to the input terminal of the battery module. The output terminal of the battery module is connected to the input terminal of the fourth three-way valve. The first output terminal of the fourth three-way valve is connected to the second input terminal of the eight-way water valve.

[0035] The above-mentioned technical means can be used to effectively cool or heat the battery module.

[0036] Furthermore, the second circuit also includes a one-way valve. The input end of the one-way valve is connected to the second output end of the fourth three-way valve, and the output end of the one-way valve is connected to the second input end of the third three-way valve.

[0037] Based on the above technical means, the one-way valve can protect other components in the second circuit from damage by the reverse flow of fluid; it can also optimize the cooling or heating effect.

[0038] Furthermore, the second circuit also includes: a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor.

[0039] The first temperature sensor is connected to the input terminal of the battery module and to the output terminal of the second water pump. The second temperature sensor is connected to the output terminal of the battery module and to the input terminal of the fourth three-way valve.

[0040] Based on the above technical means, the temperature change of the battery module during charging and discharging can be accurately monitored, ensuring the safety and performance stability of the battery pack.

[0041] Furthermore, the third circuit includes: a fifth three-way valve, a cooling module, a third three-way proportional valve, and a motor module.

[0042] The input end of the fifth three-way valve is connected to the third output end of the eight-way water valve; the first output end of the fifth three-way valve is connected to the input end of the cooling module; the second output end of the fifth three-way valve is connected to the second input end of the third three-way proportional valve; the output end of the cooling module is connected to the first input end of the third three-way proportional valve; the output end of the third three-way proportional valve is connected to the input end of the motor module; and the output end of the motor module is connected to the third input end of the eight-way water valve.

[0043] Based on the above technical means, the circulation and heat exchange of the cooling medium between the motor module and the cooling module are realized.

[0044] Furthermore, the third circuit also includes a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor.

[0045] The third temperature sensor is connected to the input terminal of the motor module and to the output terminal of the third three-way proportional valve. The fourth temperature sensor is connected to the output terminal of the motor module and to the third input terminal of the eight-way water valve.

[0046] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, the temperature change caused by the heat generated during the operation of the motor module can be measured, and the motor cooling strategy can be adjusted, the motor load distribution can be optimized, and the energy conversion efficiency of the motor can be improved, thereby further enhancing the performance and stability of the entire system.

[0047] Furthermore, the fourth circuit includes: a second three-way valve, a third water pump, a cooler, and a first three-way proportional valve.

[0048] The first input terminal of the second three-way valve is connected to the fourth output terminal of the eight-way water valve. The output terminal of the second three-way valve is connected to the input terminal of the third water pump. The output terminal of the third water pump is connected to the second input terminal of the cooler. The second output terminal of the cooler is connected to the input terminal of the first three-way proportional valve. The first output terminal of the first three-way proportional valve is connected to the fourth input terminal of the eight-way water valve.

[0049] Based on the aforementioned technical means, the circulation of the cooling medium and temperature control are achieved through the coordinated operation of the eight-way water valve, the second and third-way valves, the third water pump, the cooler, and the first three-way proportional valve.

[0050] Furthermore, the fourth circuit also includes a cooling air core. The input end of the cooling air core is connected to the second output end of the first three-way proportional valve, and the output end of the cooling air core is connected to the second input end of the second three-way valve. The cooling air core is configured to cool and dehumidify the air.

[0051] Based on the aforementioned technical means, the water circuit module not only enhances cooling capacity but also adds the function of regulating the air environment.

[0052] Furthermore, the fourth circuit also includes a fifth temperature sensor. The fifth temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the cooling air core and to the second output end of the first three-way proportional valve.

[0053] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, the temperature at the input end of the cooling core can be accurately monitored, thereby enabling more effective evaluation and adjustment of the performance of the entire cooling system.

[0054] Furthermore, the water circuit also includes a fifth circuit. The fifth circuit includes a fourth three-way proportional valve, a condenser, a cooler, a sixth three-way valve, a seventh three-way valve, a first water pump, an eighth three-way valve, and a shut-off valve.

[0055] The output of the fourth three-way proportional valve is connected to the input of the first water pump. The output of the first water pump is connected to the second input of the condenser. The second output of the condenser is connected to the input of the sixth three-way valve. The first output of the sixth three-way valve is connected to the input of the shut-off valve. The output of the shut-off valve is connected to the first input of the seventh three-way valve. The output of the seventh three-way valve is connected to the second input of the cooler. The second output of the cooler is connected to the input of the eighth three-way valve. The first output of the eighth three-way valve is connected to the first input of the fourth three-way proportional valve.

[0056] Based on the above technical means, by controlling the fourth three-way proportional valve, the eighth three-way valve, and the shut-off valve, it is possible to increase the intake pressure and refrigerant flow of the electric compressor in an ultra-low temperature environment (<-20℃), ensuring that the thermal system provides normal heating performance at low temperatures, and enabling the thermal management system to operate stably in an ultra-low temperature environment (<-20℃).

[0057] Furthermore, the refrigerant circuit also includes: a first temperature and pressure sensor and a second temperature and pressure sensor.

[0058] The first temperature and pressure sensor is connected to the output of the compressor and to the first input of the condenser. The second temperature and pressure sensor is connected to the input of the compressor and to the output of the liquid receiver and / or the gas-liquid separator.

[0059] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, the temperature and pressure at the input and output ends of the compressor can be monitored and measured in real time, thereby ensuring the stable operation and high efficiency of the refrigerant system.

[0060] Furthermore, the refrigerant includes propane.

[0061] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, propane possesses a high latent heat of vaporization, absorbing a significant amount of heat during evaporation to effectively achieve a cooling effect. Simultaneously, its condensation process releases a considerable amount of heat, contributing to the heating process. Applied to the aforementioned thermal management system, it enables the substitution of refrigerants with low global warming potential.

[0062] Furthermore, the thermal management system includes an eight-way water valve. The thermal management system operates in a single-passenger-cabin cooling mode. In this mode, the first input and third output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the third input and first output terminals of the eight-way water valve are also connected.

[0063] Based on the aforementioned technical means, it is possible to provide cooling to the passenger cabin on demand.

[0064] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a single-cell cooling mode. In the single-cell cooling mode, the first input and third output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, the second input and fourth output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, the third input and first output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input and second output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0065] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, cooling capacity can be provided to the battery module on demand.

[0066] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a simultaneous cooling mode for the crew cabin and the battery. When the thermal management system is in the simultaneous cooling mode for the crew cabin and the battery, the first input end and the third output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, the second input end and the fourth output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, the third input end and the first output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input end and the second output end of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0067] Based on the aforementioned technical means, cooling can be provided to the crew cabin and battery modules on demand.

[0068] Furthermore, the operating mode of the thermal management system also includes a battery natural cooling mode. When the thermal management system is in the battery natural cooling mode, the first input end and the second output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, the second input end and the fourth output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, the third input end and the first output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input end and the third output end of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0069] According to the above-mentioned technical means, the heat generated by the battery is discharged into the air through the cooling module; the battery thermal management needs are met by adjusting the rotation speed of the second water pump and the cooling module.

[0070] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a motor-only cooling mode. In this mode, the first input and third output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the third input and first output terminals of the eight-way water valve are also connected.

[0071] According to the above technical means, the heat generated by the motor module is discharged into the air through the cooling module; the electric drive thermal management requirements can be achieved by adjusting the speed of the first water pump and the cooling module.

[0072] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a single-occupant cabin heating mode. In this mode, the third input and fourth output terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input and third output terminals of the eight-way water valve are also connected.

[0073] Based on the aforementioned technical means, heat can be provided to the crew cabin on demand.

[0074] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode. When the thermal management system is in the crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode, the third input end and the fourth output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input end and the third output end of the eight-way water valve are also connected.

[0075] Based on the aforementioned technical means, heat and dehumidification can be provided to the crew cabin on demand.

[0076] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a single-cell heating mode. In the single-cell heating mode, the first and second input terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, the second input terminal and the first output terminal of the eight-way water valve are connected, the third input terminal and the fourth output terminal of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input terminal and the third output terminal of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0077] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, heat can be provided to the battery module on demand.

[0078] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a simultaneous heating mode for the crew compartment and the battery. In this mode, the first and second input terminals of the eight-way water valve are connected, as are the second and first input terminals of the eight-way water valve, the third and fourth input terminals of the eight-way water valve, and the fourth and third input terminals of the eight-way water valve.

[0079] Based on the aforementioned technical means, heat can be provided to the crew cabin and batteries on demand.

[0080] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a hot water bypass single-occupant cabin heating mode. In the hot water bypass single-occupant cabin heating mode, the first input end and the second output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the second input end and the first output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, the third input end and the fourth output end of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the fourth input end and the third output end of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0081] Based on the above technical means, it is possible to provide heating for the crew cabin, heat for the refrigerant system, and provide heat to the crew cabin, enabling the thermal management system to operate stably in ultra-low temperature environments (< -20℃).

[0082] An automobile, including any of the thermal management systems described above.

[0083] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the automobile provided by the above embodiments of the present invention can be referred to the beneficial effects of the thermal management system described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0084] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0085] (1) This invention is an integrated thermal management system that can accommodate multiple refrigerants. By controlling the compressor's speed and power, the intake pressure and refrigerant flow rate can be dynamically adjusted to meet heating demands in low-temperature environments. Adding a liquid receiver to the refrigerant circuit allows for the storage of a certain amount of refrigerant, preventing its reduction due to condensation at low temperatures, thus maintaining a continuous supply and stable flow rate. Alternatively, a gas-liquid separator can effectively separate the gas and liquid in the refrigerant flowing from the cooler, ensuring that the refrigerant entering the compressor is pure liquid, thereby improving the compressor's intake pressure and efficiency. Precise control of the opening of the first valve allows for adjustment of the refrigerant flow rate according to the thermal management system's requirements, especially in low-temperature environments, where appropriately increasing the valve opening can increase the refrigerant flow rate. The condenser and cooler enable the refrigerant to rapidly release or absorb heat even at low temperatures, ensuring heating performance; and enabling an increase in the electric compressor's intake pressure and refrigerant flow rate in low-temperature environments, ensuring the thermal system provides normal heating performance at low temperatures. By coordinating the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit, the thermal management system can operate stably in low-temperature environments, enabling it to operate at ambient temperatures of -15℃ and below.

[0086] (2) The refrigerant cycle of the present invention is designed as a whole, and is miniaturized and integrated; the entire refrigeration system can be arranged in the engine compartment, eliminating the risk of flammable refrigerant leaking into the passenger compartment and ensuring vehicle safety.

[0087] (3) The water circuit of the present invention integrates the thermal management of the passenger compartment, the low temperature cooling and the battery thermal management into a whole. By switching the valve, the water-cooled condenser and the battery cooler can be combined to act as a heat source or a cold source to carry out the thermal management of the passenger compartment and the battery thermal management. It can also reasonably cool the motor system and utilize waste heat, so that the thermal management system can operate in a better working cycle in various scenarios and effectively reduce system energy consumption and cost.

[0088] (4) The water circuit of the present invention adopts a hot water bypass scheme, which enables the thermal management system to operate stably in ultra-low temperature environment (<-20℃), and can effectively reduce system energy consumption and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0089] Figure 1A A schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided by the present invention;

[0090] Figure 1B A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided by the present invention;

[0091] Figure 1C A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided by the present invention;

[0092] Figure 1D A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided by the present invention;

[0093] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a separate cooling mode for the crew cabin provided by the present invention;

[0094] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connectivity of a thermal management system in a battery-only cooling mode provided by the present invention;

[0095] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a thermal management system in a mode where the crew cabin and battery are cooled simultaneously, as provided by the present invention.

[0096] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system under a battery natural cooling mode provided by the present invention;

[0097] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connectivity of a thermal management system under a natural cooling mode for an electric motor, provided by the present invention;

[0098] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a single-occupant cabin heating mode provided by the present invention;

[0099] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode provided by the present invention;

[0100] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a battery-only heating mode provided by the present invention;

[0101] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a mode where the crew cabin and battery are heated simultaneously, as provided by the present invention.

[0102] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a hot water bypass single-occupant cabin heating mode provided by the present invention.

[0103] Among them, 1-compressor; 2-condenser; 3-first valve; 4-cooler; 5-liquid storage tank; 6-gas-liquid separator; 701-first three-way valve; 702-second three-way valve; 703-third three-way valve; 704-fourth three-way valve; 705-fifth three-way valve; 706-sixth three-way valve; 707-seventh three-way valve; 708-eighth three-way valve; 801-first three-way proportional valve; 802-second three-way proportional valve; 803-third three-way proportional valve; 804-fourth three-way proportional valve; 901-first water pump; 902-second water pump; 903-third water pump; 10-battery module; 11-one-way valve; 12-eight-way water valve; 1221-first output end of eight-way water valve; 1222-eight-way water valve 1223 - Second output terminal of the eight-way water valve; 1224 - Fourth output terminal of the eight-way water valve; 1211 - First input terminal of the eight-way water valve; 1212 - Second input terminal of the eight-way water valve; 1213 - Third input terminal of the eight-way water valve; 1214 - Fourth input terminal of the eight-way water valve; 1301 - Cold air core; 1302 - Warm air core; 14 - Cooling module; 15 - Motor module; 16 - Shut-off valve; 1701 - First temperature sensor; 1702 - Second temperature sensor; 1703 - Third temperature sensor; 1704 - Fourth temperature sensor; 1705 - Fifth temperature sensor; 1706 - Sixth temperature sensor; 1801 - First temperature and pressure sensor; 1802 - Second temperature and pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0104] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0105] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0106] Pure electric vehicles face numerous challenges in heating up in low-temperature environments due to the lack of an engine heat source. While PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating is simple and direct, it suffers from low heating efficiency and high energy consumption.

[0107] This embodiment proposes a vehicle that includes a thermal management system.

[0108] The thermal management system absorbs heat from the external environment and transfers it to the vehicle interior through refrigerant circulation to achieve the heating function. This method is more efficient than PTC heating, as it does not require direct consumption of electrical energy to generate heat. Moreover, during operation, the thermal management system only needs to consume a small amount of electrical energy to drive components such as the compressor, with most of the heat coming from the external environment. Therefore, it has a high energy efficiency ratio, which helps reduce vehicle energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0109] However, the thermal management system is greatly limited by ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is below -10℃, the heating efficiency and heating capacity of the thermal management system will be greatly reduced due to the decrease in refrigerant pressure and density on the compressor suction side. The compressor is prone to entering a shutdown protection state and cannot provide stable heating output to users. When the ambient temperature is -15℃ or below, the thermal management system basically cannot work properly.

[0110] Based on this, this embodiment proposes a thermal management system. For example... Figure 1A As shown, the thermal management system includes: refrigerant circuit I and water circuit II.

[0111] The refrigerant circuit I includes: compressor 1, condenser 2, first valve 3, cooler 4, and also includes one of liquid receiver 5 and gas-liquid separator 6.

[0112] The output end of compressor 1 is connected to the first input end of condenser 2, the first output end of condenser 2 is connected to the input end of first valve 3, the output end of first valve 3 is connected to the first input end of cooler 4, and the first output end of cooler 4 is connected to the input end of compressor 1.

[0113] In the case where the refrigerant circuit I includes a liquid receiver 5, the input end of the liquid receiver 5 is connected to the first output end of the condenser 2, and the output end of the liquid receiver 5 is connected to the input end of the first valve 3.

[0114] In the case where the refrigerant circuit I includes a gas-liquid separator 6, the input end of the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the first output end of the cooler 4, and the output end of the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the input end of the compressor 1.

[0115] Refrigerant circuit I is configured to circulate refrigerant, absorbing or releasing heat to achieve cooling or heating.

[0116] Water circuit II includes multiple circuits, at least some of which include condenser 2 and / or cooler 4.

[0117] Water circuit II is configured to transfer heat and regulate temperature.

[0118] Compressor 1 is the starting point of refrigerant circuit I, and plays the role of suction, compression and circulation pump. It draws refrigerant from the low-pressure side, compresses it to increase its temperature and pressure, and then pumps it into the high-pressure side to complete the refrigerant circulation. That is, it absorbs or releases heat through circulating refrigerant (such as propane) to achieve the effect of cooling or heating.

[0119] The main function of condenser 2 is to condense the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas into a liquid and release heat into the external environment. The heat dissipation effect of condenser 2 directly affects the cooling capacity and efficiency of the system.

[0120] The first valve 3 is used to control the flow or direction of the refrigerant.

[0121] For example, the first valve 3 may be an electronic expansion valve.

[0122] Cooler 4 serves to absorb heat. When the refrigerant flows through cooler 4, it absorbs heat and evaporates into gas, thereby lowering the temperature of cooler 4.

[0123] The liquid receiver 5 stores liquid refrigerant and filters and separates impurities and gases from it. The gas-liquid separator 6 separates the gas and liquid in the refrigerant, ensuring that only gas enters the compressor 1 for the next cycle. The use of either the liquid receiver 5 or the gas-liquid separator 6 in the refrigerant circuit I helps maintain system stability and reliability, preventing malfunctions caused by uneven refrigerant distribution or abnormal conditions.

[0124] By controlling the speed and power of compressor 1, the intake pressure and refrigerant flow rate can be dynamically adjusted to meet the heating requirements in low-temperature environments. Precise control of the opening of the first valve 3 allows for adjustment of the refrigerant flow rate according to system needs, especially in low-temperature environments where the valve opening can be appropriately increased to enhance refrigerant flow. The condenser 2 and cooler 4 enable the refrigerant to rapidly release or absorb heat even at low temperatures, ensuring heating performance. Furthermore, adding a liquid receiver 5 to the refrigerant circuit I stores a certain amount of refrigerant, preventing its reduction due to condensation at low temperatures, thus maintaining a continuous and stable refrigerant supply. Alternatively, a gas-liquid separator 6 can effectively separate the gas and liquid in the refrigerant flowing from the cooler 4, ensuring that the refrigerant entering compressor 1 is pure liquid, improving the compressor 1's operating efficiency in low-temperature environments. In other words, by using compressor 1, condenser 2, first valve 3, and cooler 4, in conjunction with the liquid receiver 5 or gas-liquid separator 6, the stability of the refrigerant flow rate or the operating efficiency of compressor 1 in low-temperature environments can be achieved, ensuring that the thermal management system provides normal heating performance at low temperatures.

[0125] Meanwhile, water circuit II exchanges heat with refrigerant circuit I through condenser 2 and cooler 4, thereby achieving heat transfer and temperature regulation, enabling water circuit II to operate stably even in low-temperature environments.

[0126] Therefore, by combining refrigerant circuit I and water circuit II, the thermal management system can operate stably in a lower temperature environment, which can effectively reduce system energy consumption and cost.

[0127] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the water circuit II includes: a first circuit, a second circuit, a third circuit, and a fourth circuit. The first circuit, the second circuit, the third circuit, and the fourth circuit are all connected to the eight-way water valve 12.

[0128] The input terminals of the eight-way water valve 12 include: a first input terminal 1211, a second input terminal 1212, a third input terminal 1213, and a fourth input terminal 1214.

[0129] The output terminals of the eight-way water valve 12 include: a first output terminal 1221, a second output terminal 1222, a third output terminal 1223, and a fourth output terminal 1224.

[0130] The first end of the first circuit is connected to the first output end 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12, and the second end of the first circuit is connected to the first input end 1211 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0131] The first end of the second circuit is connected to the second output end 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12, and the second end of the second circuit is connected to the second input end 1212 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0132] The first end of the third circuit is connected to the third output end 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12, and the second end of the third circuit is connected to the third input end 1213 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0133] The first end of the fourth circuit is connected to the fourth output end 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12, and the second end of the third circuit is connected to the fourth input end 1214 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0134] The eight-way water valve 12 controls the fluid flow direction and flow rate of the first, second, third, and fourth circuits by connecting and switching the input and output ends.

[0135] In the above configuration, the eight-way water valve 12 plays a crucial control role. Through the connection and switching of its multiple input and output terminals, it can flexibly control the fluid flow direction and flow rate in the condenser 2 of the first loop, the battery module 10 of the second loop, the motor module 15 of the third loop, and the cooler 4 of the fourth loop. This allows the water loop II system to dynamically adjust according to different operational needs, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the thermal management system.

[0136] Specifically, each input end of the eight-way water valve 12 is connected to the output end of a loop, and each output end is connected to the input end of a loop. By adjusting the position of the valve core inside the eight-way water valve 12, the flow path of the fluid between each loop can be changed, thereby realizing the control of the fluid flow direction and flow rate.

[0137] For example, when it is necessary to increase the flow rate of one of the loops, the input terminal of the eight-way water valve 12 connected to the output terminal of that loop can be opened, while other unnecessary input terminals are closed, allowing more fluid to flow into that loop. Similarly, when it is necessary to change the fluid flow direction, this can also be achieved by adjusting the position of the valve core in the eight-way water valve 12.

[0138] Furthermore, since the eight-way water valve 12 has multiple input and output terminals, it can also realize parallel or series connection between multiple circuits, further improving the system's flexibility and adaptability, and meeting the operating requirements under different working conditions.

[0139] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the first circuit includes: a first three-way valve 701, a first water pump 901, a condenser 2, and a second three-way proportional valve 802.

[0140] The input end of the first three-way valve 701 is connected to the first output end 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12. The output end of the first three-way valve 701 is connected to the input end of the first water pump 901. The output end of the first water pump 901 is connected to the second input end of the condenser 2. The second output end of the condenser 2 is connected to the first input end of the second three-way proportional valve 802. The first output end of the second three-way proportional valve 802 is connected to the first input end 1211 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0141] In the aforementioned first circuit, the first output end 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 guides part or all of the cooling medium to the first three-way valve 701. Then, the first three-way valve 701 delivers the cooling medium to the first water pump 901. The first water pump 901 delivers the pressurized cooling medium to the condenser 2 for heat exchange. In the condenser 2, the heat from the refrigerant circuit I is transferred to the cooling medium from the first water pump 901, causing the cooling medium to heat up and carry away the heat. The second output end of the condenser 2 delivers the cooling medium that has absorbed heat to the second three-way proportional valve 802. The second three-way proportional valve 802 delivers the cooling medium that has absorbed heat to the first input end 1211 of the eight-way water valve 12, returning part of the cooling medium to the eight-way water valve 12 for redistribution. The heat from the cooling medium can be recovered for heating other systems, such as the cockpit or battery system.

[0142] Through the coordinated operation of the various components in the first loop, functions such as cooling medium circulation, temperature regulation, flow control, and system balancing are achieved, providing important support for the cooling or heating system of the entire thermal management system.

[0143] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the first circuit also includes a warm air core 1302.

[0144] The input end of the heater core 1302 is connected to the second output end of the second three-way proportional valve 802, and the output end of the heater core 1302 is connected to the second input end of the first three-way valve 701. The heater core 1302 is configured to heat the air.

[0145] In the first circuit described above, a portion of the cooling medium output from the second three-way proportional valve 802 can be regulated by the second three-way proportional valve 802 and delivered to the heater core 1302. There, it exchanges heat with the air inside the heater core 1302, transferring heat to the air and raising its temperature. The cooled medium is then output from the heater core 1302 and delivered to the first three-way valve 701, where it enters the fourth three-way proportional valve 804 along with the cooling medium from the first output end 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12. Through this configuration, water circuit II enhances the heating or warming function.

[0146] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the first circuit also includes a sixth temperature sensor 1706. The sixth temperature sensor 1706 is connected to the input terminal of the heater core 1302 and to the second output terminal of the second three-way proportional valve 802.

[0147] In the first circuit, a sixth temperature sensor 1706 is introduced to monitor and evaluate the operating status of the heating system, ensuring the comfort of passengers and the performance of the heating system.

[0148] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the second circuit includes: a third three-way valve 703, a second water pump 902, a battery module 10, and a fourth three-way valve 704.

[0149] The first input terminal of the third three-way valve 703 is connected to the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12. The output terminal of the third three-way valve 703 is connected to the input terminal of the second water pump 902. The output terminal of the second water pump 902 is connected to the input terminal of the battery module 10. The output terminal of the battery module 10 is connected to the input terminal of the fourth three-way valve 704. The first output terminal of the fourth three-way valve 704 is connected to the second input terminal 1212 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0150] In the second circuit described above, the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 guides part or all of the cooling medium to the third three-way valve 703. Then, the third three-way valve 703 delivers the cooling medium to the second water pump 902. The second water pump 902 delivers the pressurized cooling medium to the battery module 10. After circulating inside the battery module 10, the cooling medium is delivered to the fourth three-way valve 704. The fourth three-way valve 704 then delivers the cooling medium to the second input terminal 1212 of the eight-way water valve 12, thereby achieving effective cooling or heating of the battery module 10.

[0151] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the second circuit also includes a one-way valve 11.

[0152] The input end of the one-way valve 11 is connected to the second output end of the fourth three-way valve 704, and the output end of the one-way valve 11 is connected to the second input end of the third three-way valve 703.

[0153] In the second circuit described above, the fourth three-way valve 704 delivers the cooling medium from the internal circulation of the battery module 10 to the one-way valve 11, and then the one-way valve 11 delivers the cooling medium to the third three-way valve 703, which then participates in the circulation of the battery module 10. The one-way valve controls the flow direction of the fluid, preventing the cooling medium from flowing back to the fourth three-way valve 704, thus protecting other components in the second circuit from damage caused by the reverse flow of fluid; it can also optimize the cooling or heating effect.

[0154] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the second circuit also includes: a first temperature sensor 1701 and a second temperature sensor 1702.

[0155] The first temperature sensor 1701 is connected to the input terminal of the battery module 10 and to the output terminal of the second water pump 902. The second temperature sensor 1702 is connected to the output terminal of the battery module 10 and to the input terminal of the fourth three-way valve 704.

[0156] The first temperature sensor 1701 and the second temperature sensor 1702 are introduced in the second circuit to accurately monitor the temperature changes of the battery module 10 during the charging and discharging process, so as to ensure the safety and performance stability of the battery pack.

[0157] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the third circuit includes: a fifth three-way valve 705, a cooling module 14, a third three-way proportional valve 803, and a motor module 15.

[0158] The input end of the fifth three-way valve 705 is connected to the third output end 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12. The first output end of the fifth three-way valve 705 is connected to the input end of the cooling module 14. The second output end of the fifth three-way valve 705 is connected to the second input end of the third three-way proportional valve 803. The output end of the cooling module 14 is connected to the first input end of the third three-way proportional valve 803. The output end of the third three-way proportional valve 803 is connected to the input end of the motor module 15. The output end of the motor module 15 is connected to the third input end 1213 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0159] In the aforementioned third circuit, the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 guides part or all of the cooling medium to the fifth three-way valve 705. The fifth three-way valve 705 then delivers a portion of the cooling medium to the cooling module 14 for cooling. The cooling module 14 then delivers the cooled medium to the third three-way proportional valve 803, which in turn delivers it to the motor module 15 to cool the module and remove the generated heat. The cooling medium is then output from the motor module 15 and flows back to the eight-way water valve 12 from the third input terminal 1213 for redistribution. Furthermore, the fifth three-way valve 705 directly delivers another portion of the cooling medium to the third three-way proportional valve 803, where it is combined with the cooling medium output from the cooling module 14 and delivered to the motor module 15. This configuration achieves the circulation and heat exchange of the cooling medium between the motor module 15 and the cooling module 14.

[0160] In this embodiment, as Figure 1AAs shown, the third circuit also includes a third temperature sensor 1703 and a fourth temperature sensor 1704.

[0161] The third temperature sensor 1703 is connected to the input terminal of the motor module 15 and to the output terminal of the third three-way proportional valve 803. The fourth temperature sensor 1704 is connected to the output terminal of the motor module 15 and to the third input terminal 1213 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0162] In the third circuit, a third temperature sensor 1703 and a fourth temperature sensor 1704 are introduced to measure the temperature change caused by the heat generated during the operation of the motor module 15. This allows for adjustments to the motor's cooling strategy, optimization of the motor's load distribution, and improvement of the motor's energy conversion efficiency, thereby further enhancing the performance and stability of the entire system.

[0163] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the fourth circuit includes: a second three-way valve 702, a third water pump 903, a cooler 4, and a first three-way proportional valve 801.

[0164] The first input terminal of the second three-way valve 702 is connected to the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12. The output terminal of the second three-way valve 702 is connected to the input terminal of the third water pump 903. The output terminal of the third water pump 903 is connected to the second input terminal of the cooler 4. The second output terminal of the cooler 4 is connected to the input terminal of the first three-way proportional valve 801. The first output terminal of the first three-way proportional valve 801 is connected to the fourth input terminal 1214 of the eight-way water valve 12.

[0165] In the aforementioned fourth circuit, the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 guides part or all of the cooling medium to the second three-way valve 702. The second three-way valve 702 then delivers the cooling medium to the third water pump 903. The third water pump 903 delivers the pressurized cooling medium to the cooler 4 for heat exchange. The cooled medium is then output from the cooler 4 and input into the first three-way proportional valve 801. The cooling medium output from the first three-way proportional valve 801 then flows back to the eight-way water valve 12 from the fourth input terminal 1214 for redistribution. Through this configuration, the coordinated operation of the eight-way water valve 12, the second three-way valve 702, the third water pump 903, the cooler 4, and the first three-way proportional valve 801 achieves the circulation and temperature control of the cooling medium.

[0166] In this embodiment, as Figure 1AAs shown, the fourth circuit further includes a cooling air core 1301. The input end of the cooling air core 1301 is connected to the second output end of the first three-way proportional valve 801, and the output end of the cooling air core 1301 is connected to the second input end of the second three-way valve 702. The cooling air core 1301 is configured to cool and dehumidify the air.

[0167] In the aforementioned fourth circuit, a portion of the cooling medium output from the first three-way proportional valve 801 is regulated by the first three-way proportional valve 801 and delivered to the cold air core 1301 for heat exchange with the air to be treated. This process absorbs and removes heat from the air and may also dehumidify it. The medium is then output from the cold air core 1301 and delivered to the second three-way valve 702, where it enters the third water pump 903 along with the cooling medium from the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12. Through this configuration, water circuit II not only enhances cooling capacity but also adds the function of regulating the air environment.

[0168] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the fourth circuit also includes a fifth temperature sensor 1705. The fifth temperature sensor 1705 is connected to the input terminal of the cold air core 1301 and to the second output terminal of the first three-way proportional valve 801.

[0169] In the fifth circuit, a fifth temperature sensor 1705 is introduced to accurately monitor the temperature at the input end of the cooling core 1301, thereby enabling more effective evaluation and adjustment of the performance of the entire cooling system.

[0170] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the water circuit II further includes a fifth circuit. The fifth circuit includes: a fourth three-way proportional valve 804, a condenser 2, a cooler 4, a sixth three-way valve 706, a seventh three-way valve 707, a first water pump 901, an eighth three-way valve 708, and a shut-off valve 16.

[0171] The output end of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804 is connected to the input end of the first water pump 901. The output end of the first water pump 901 is connected to the second input end of the condenser 2. The second output end of the condenser 2 is connected to the input end of the sixth three-way valve 706. The first output end of the sixth three-way valve 706 is connected to the input end of the shut-off valve 16. The output end of the shut-off valve 16 is connected to the first input end of the seventh three-way valve 707. The output end of the seventh three-way valve 707 is connected to the second input end of the cooler 4. The second output end of the cooler 4 is connected to the input end of the eighth three-way valve 708. The first output end of the eighth three-way valve 708 is connected to the first input end of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804.

[0172] In the aforementioned fifth loop, a portion of the cooling medium output from the eighth three-way valve 708 is input to the fourth three-way proportional valve 804. Through adjustment by the fourth three-way proportional valve 804, a portion is delivered to the first water pump 901. The first water pump 901 delivers the pressurized cooling medium to the condenser 2 for heat exchange. Then, the cooled medium is output from the condenser 2 and input into the sixth three-way valve 706. After being output from the sixth three-way valve 706, a portion of the cooling medium is input into the shut-off valve 16. Then, the cooling medium is output from the shut-off valve 16 and input into the seventh three-way valve 707. From the seventh three-way valve 707, it is output into the cooler 4 for heat exchange. Finally, the cooled medium is output from the cooler 4 and input into the eighth three-way valve 708, forming a circulation loop. By controlling the fourth three-way proportional valve 804, the eighth three-way valve 708, and the shut-off valve 16, the intake pressure and refrigerant flow of the electric compressor 1 can be increased in ultra-low temperature environments (<-20℃), ensuring that the thermal system provides normal heating performance at low temperatures and enabling the thermal management system to operate stably in ultra-low temperature environments (<-20℃).

[0173] In this embodiment, as Figure 1A As shown, the refrigerant circuit I further includes: a first temperature and pressure sensor 1801 and a second temperature and pressure sensor 1802.

[0174] The first temperature and pressure sensor 1801 is connected to the output terminal of the compressor 1 and to the first input terminal of the condenser 2. The second temperature and pressure sensor 1802 is connected to the input terminal of the compressor 1 and to the output terminal of the liquid receiver 5 and / or the gas-liquid separator 6.

[0175] In refrigerant circuit I, the introduction of a first temperature and pressure sensor 1801 and a second temperature and pressure sensor 1802 enables real-time monitoring and measurement of the temperature and pressure at the input and output terminals of compressor 1, thereby ensuring the stable operation and high efficiency of the refrigerant system.

[0176] In this embodiment, the refrigerant includes propane.

[0177] Understandably, propane has a high latent heat of vaporization, absorbing a large amount of heat during evaporation to effectively achieve a cooling effect. Simultaneously, its condensation process releases a significant amount of heat, contributing to the heating process. Therefore, its application in the aforementioned thermal management system allows for the substitution of refrigerants with low global warming potential.

[0178] In addition, the above Figure 1A The connection relationships between the various components are merely illustrative; the positions of components located on the same circuit can be interchanged, and are not limited to this. Figure 1A The indicated connection relationship.

[0179] For example, such as Figure 1B As shown, the fifth circuit can be eliminated depending on the actual usage scenario.

[0180] For example, such as Figure 1D As shown, a rear HVAC (all components related to heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems) assembly can be added to achieve dual air conditioning functionality, depending on the needs of the vehicle model.

[0181] For example, such as Figure 1C As shown, the thermal management system may also include a water-cooled PTC, which is located between the sixth three-way valve 706 and the second three-way proportional valve 802. When the water temperature does not reach the target temperature, the water-cooled PTC heats the coolant flowing through it, raising the temperature of the cooling medium flowing to the heater core 1302 (or the second circuit), thereby improving the heating effect of the passenger compartment (or the second circuit). If the water temperature reaches the target temperature, the water-cooled PTC can be turned off directly.

[0182] Based on the aforementioned refrigerant circuit I and water circuit II connection architecture, these systems can be combined to cover the thermal system layout requirements of different vehicle models. Based on user needs, control strategies can be used to achieve single or combined functions such as single battery cooling, single passenger compartment cooling, motor cooling, battery heating, and passenger compartment heating. The following describes some of the operating modes achievable by the thermal management system.

[0183] In this embodiment, the operating modes of the thermal management system include a single-passenger-cabin cooling mode, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the single-passenger-cabin cooling mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the single-passenger-cabin cooling mode, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0184] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I has heat released from condenser 2 to water circuit II, while cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. In water circuit II, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve are connected, and the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve are also connected, allowing the heat released by condenser 2 to be discharged into the outside air through cooling module 14. The cooling medium (e.g., chilled water) cooled by cooler 4 is regulated by the first three-way proportional valve 801 to cool the airflow passing through the cold air core 1301, providing cool air to the passenger compartment. By controlling the speed of compressor 1 and the speed of the third water pump 903, cooling capacity is provided to the passenger compartment as needed.

[0185] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a single-battery cooling mode, such as... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a battery-only cooling mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in single-battery cooling mode, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the second input terminal 1212 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0186] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I is connected to water circuit II. The condenser 2 releases heat to water circuit II, while the cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. In water circuit II, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected; the second input terminal 1212 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected; the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected; and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected. The heat released by condenser 2 is discharged into the outside air through cooling module 14. The cooled water, after being cooled by cooler 4, is regulated by the first three-way proportional valve 801 and enters the second circuit to cool battery module 10. By controlling the speed of compressor 1 and the speed of the third water pump 903, cooling capacity is provided to battery module 10 as needed.

[0187] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a mode that simultaneously cools the crew cabin and the battery, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a thermal management system in a simultaneous cooling mode for the passenger compartment and battery provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the simultaneous cooling mode for the passenger compartment and battery, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the second input terminal 1212 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0188] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, condenser 2 releases heat to water circuit II in refrigerant circuit I, while cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. The first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the second input terminal 1212 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, so that the heat released by condenser 2 is discharged into the outside air through cooling module 14. In addition, the cold water cooled by cooler 4 flows into the first three-way proportional valve 801, which distributes the flow as needed. Part of the cold water enters the cold air core 1301 to cool the airflow and provide cool air for the crew cabin. Part of the cold water enters the second circuit to cool the battery module 10. By controlling the speed of compressor 1 and the speed of the third water pump 903, sufficient cooling capacity is provided to the system as needed; the first three-way proportional valve 801 plays the role of distributing cooling capacity as needed; in scenarios where the flow rate distributed on the battery side is low, the uniformity of battery temperature is adjusted by turning on (or increasing) the speed of the second water pump 902.

[0189] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a battery natural cooling mode, such as... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery natural cooling mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the battery natural cooling mode, the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the second input terminal 1212 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve are connected.

[0190] In this mode, the compressor 1 of refrigerant circuit I is not working; the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 in water circuit II are connected, the second input terminal 1212 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve are connected, realizing the connection of all water circuits II between the first circuit, the second circuit, the third circuit and the fourth circuit; the heat generated by the second circuit is discharged into the air through the cooling module 14; the battery thermal management requirements are met by adjusting the second water pump 902 and the cooling module 14.

[0191] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a separate motor cooling mode, such as... Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system under the natural cooling mode of the motor provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the motor-only cooling mode, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0192] In this mode, the compressor 1 of refrigerant circuit I does not work; in water circuit II, the first input terminal 1211 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the third input terminal 1213 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, realizing the connection between the third circuit and the first circuit; the heat generated by the motor module 15 is discharged into the air through the cooling module 14; the electric drive thermal management requirements are met by adjusting the speed of the first water pump 901 and the cooling module 14.

[0193] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a single-crew compartment heating mode, such as... Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a single-occupant cabin heating mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the single-occupant cabin heating mode, the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0194] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I releases heat from condenser 2 to water circuit II, while cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. In water circuit II, the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, realizing the connection between the third and fourth circuits, and the connection between the second and first circuits. The low-temperature cooling water after absorbing heat from cooler 4 enters cooling module 14 to absorb air heat, then enters motor module 15 (or electric drive oil cooler) to absorb waste heat from electric drive, and finally returns to cooler 4 to provide heat for the refrigerant system. The high-temperature cooling water after being heated by water-cooled condenser 2 is distributed to the heater core 1302 through the second three-way proportional valve 802 and exchanges heat with the flowing air to provide heating for the passenger compartment. The cooled water after heat exchange returns to condenser 2 for heating. By controlling the speed of compressor 1 and water pump, heat is provided to the passenger compartment as needed. It should be noted that when there is excess heat provided by the high-temperature side of the thermal management system, the compressor speed can be reduced first to reduce heat absorption from the low-temperature side; if there is still excess heat even when the speed is reduced to the minimum and the battery temperature is not high, the opening ratio of the second three-way proportional valve 802 can be adjusted to transfer some of the excess heat to the battery.

[0195] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode, such as... Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode, the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0196] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I, condenser 2 releases heat to water circuit II, and cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II; the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 in water circuit II are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, realizing the connection between the third circuit and the fourth circuit; the low-temperature cooling water after absorbing heat from cooler 4 enters the first three-way proportional valve 801, and is distributed by the first three-way proportional valve 801. Part of the low-temperature condensate enters the cooling module 14 to absorb air heat, then enters the motor module 15 (or electric drive oil cooler) to absorb electric drive waste heat, and finally returns to cooler 4 to supply heat to the refrigerant system; the other part of the low-temperature cooling water enters the cold air core 1301 to cool and dehumidify the flowing air, and then flows into the main circuit through the second three-way valve 702 and returns to cooler 4. The cooling water, heated by condenser 2, is distributed to the heater core 1302 via the second three-way proportional valve 802, where it exchanges heat with the flowing air to provide warmth to the passenger compartment. The cooled water then returns to condenser 2 for reheating. Heat is provided to the passenger compartment as needed by controlling the speed of compressor 1 and the water pump. It should be noted that when there is excess heat provided by the high-temperature side of the thermal management system, the compressor 1 speed can be reduced first to decrease heat absorption from the low-temperature side. If there is still excess heat even at the minimum speed and the battery temperature is not high, the opening ratio of the second three-way proportional valve 802 can be adjusted to transfer some of the excess heat to the battery.

[0197] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a single-cell heating mode, such as... Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a battery-only heating mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in single-battery heating mode, the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the second input terminal 1212 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0198] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I is connected to water circuit II via condenser 2, and cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. The first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the second input terminal 1212 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are also connected. The third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are also connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are also connected. The circuit connects the third and fourth loops, and the second and first loops. The low-temperature cooling water, after absorbing heat from the cooler 4, enters the cooling module 14 to absorb heat from the air, then enters the motor module 15 (or the electric drive oil cooler) to absorb waste heat from the electric drive, and finally returns to the cooler 4 to supply heat to the refrigerant system. The high-temperature cooling water, heated by the water-cooled condenser 2, is distributed to the second loop via the second three-way proportional valve 802 to exchange heat with the battery module 10. The cooled water then returns to the water-cooled condenser 2 for heating. Heat is supplied to the battery module 10 as needed by controlling the speed of the compressor 1 and the second water pump 902. It should be noted that the speed of the compressor 1 is adjusted according to the target water temperature; when the target water temperature is reached, the compressor 1 stops operating.

[0199] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a mode that simultaneously heats the crew compartment and the battery, such as... Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of simultaneous heating of the crew compartment and the battery provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the mode of simultaneous heating of the crew compartment and the battery, the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the second input terminal 1212 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0200] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I experiences heat release from condenser 2 to water circuit II, while cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. In water circuit II, the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the second input terminal 1212 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected. The third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, thus achieving connection between the third and fourth circuits, and between the second and first circuits. The system operates as follows: Low-temperature cooling water, after absorbing heat in cooler 4, enters cooling module 14 to absorb heat from the air, then enters motor module 15 (or electric drive oil cooler) to absorb waste heat from the electric drive, and finally returns to cooler 4 to supply heat to the refrigerant system. High-temperature cooling water, heated by condenser 2, is distributed in part to heater core 1302 via second three-way proportional valve 802, exchanging heat with the flowing air to provide warmth to the passenger compartment; the other part is distributed to the second circuit via second three-way proportional valve 802 to exchange heat with battery module 10. The two portions of cooling water, cooled by heat exchange, converge at first three-way valve 701 and return to condenser 2 for heating. Heat is provided to the passenger compartment and battery as needed by controlling the speed of compressor 1 and second water pump 902. It should be noted that by adjusting the opening ratio of second three-way proportional valve 802, heat is rationally distributed as needed; in the initial stage of the thermal system operation (or when the provided heat is insufficient), priority is given to meeting the needs of the passenger compartment.

[0201] In this embodiment, the thermal management system also includes a hot water bypass single-passenger-cabin heating mode, such as... Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a hot water bypass single-occupant cabin heating mode provided by the present invention. When the thermal management system is in the hot water bypass single-occupant cabin heating mode, the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the second input terminal 1212 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, the third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected.

[0202] In this mode, under the operation of compressor 1, refrigerant circuit I is connected to water circuit II by water-cooled condenser 2, and cooler 4 absorbs heat from water circuit II. In water circuit II, the first input terminal 1211 and the second output terminal 1222 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the second input terminal 1212 and the first output terminal 1221 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected. The third input terminal 1213 and the fourth output terminal 1224 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, and the fourth input terminal 1214 and the third output terminal 1223 of the eight-way water valve 12 are connected, so that the third circuit is connected to the fourth circuit and the second circuit is connected to the first circuit. In ultra-low temperature environments, when the water circuit II of cooler 4 cannot absorb heat from the air (or motor module 15), the third water pump 903 does not work; the opening of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804 is adjusted so that part of the high-temperature cooling water passing through condenser 2 enters cooler 4 to exchange heat with the refrigerant side, ensuring the normal and stable operation of the refrigerant system; another part of the high-temperature cooling water is distributed to the heater core 1302 through the second three-way proportional valve 802 and exchanges heat with the flowing air to provide heating for the crew cabin; the cooling water after heat exchange and cooling returns to condenser 2 for reheating. When the fourth circuit can absorb less heat from the air (or electric drive), the third water pump 903 operates at a lower speed. The opening of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804 is adjusted so that some of the high-temperature cooling water passing through the condenser 2 flows through the sixth three-way valve 706 and merges into the low-temperature water circuit II at the seventh three-way valve 707, entering the cooler 4 to exchange heat with the refrigerant side, ensuring the normal and stable operation of the refrigerant system. Another portion of the high-temperature cooling water is distributed to the heater core 1302 via the second three-way proportional valve 802, exchanging heat with the flowing air to provide warmth to the passenger compartment. The cooled water returns to the condenser 2 for reheating. The low-temperature cooling water, after absorbing heat in the cooler 4, enters the cooling module 14 to absorb heat from the air, then enters the motor module 15 (or the electric drive oil cooler) to absorb waste heat from the electric drive, and finally returns to the cooler 4 to provide heat to the refrigerant system. By controlling the speed of the compressor 1 and the first water pump 901, heat is provided to the passenger compartment as needed. It should be noted that, regarding the control of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804, the outlet end of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804 is closed when the thermal management system is started to ensure the rapid and stable start-up of the refrigerant system; when the pressure of the thermal management system reaches the normal level, the opening ratio of the outlet end of the fourth three-way proportional valve 804 is gradually adjusted so that it supplies heat to the heating core 1302.

[0203] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes: a refrigerant circuit (I) and a water circuit (II); The refrigerant circuit (I) includes: a compressor (1), a condenser (2), a first valve (3), a cooler (4), and also includes one of a liquid storage tank (5) and a gas-liquid separator (6); The output end of the compressor (1) is connected to the first input end of the condenser (2), the first output end of the condenser (2) is connected to the input end of the first valve (3), the output end of the first valve (3) is connected to the first input end of the cooler (4), and the first output end of the cooler (4) is connected to the input end of the compressor (1). In the case where the refrigerant circuit (I) includes a liquid storage tank (5), the input end of the liquid storage tank (5) is connected to the first output end of the condenser (2), and the output end of the liquid storage tank (5) is connected to the input end of the first valve (3). In the case where the refrigerant circuit (I) includes a gas-liquid separator (6), the input end of the gas-liquid separator (6) is connected to the first output end of the cooler (4), and the output end of the gas-liquid separator (6) is connected to the input end of the compressor (1). The refrigerant circuit (I) is configured to circulate refrigerant, absorb or release heat, and achieve cooling or heating. The water circuit (II) includes multiple circuits, at least some of which include the condenser (2) and / or the cooler (4); the water circuit is configured to transfer heat and regulate temperature; The water circuit (II) includes: a first circuit, a second circuit, a third circuit, and a fourth circuit; the first circuit, the second circuit, the third circuit, and the fourth circuit are all connected to the eight-way water valve (12); The input terminals of the eight-way water valve (12) include: a first input terminal (1211), a second input terminal (1212), a third input terminal (1213), and a fourth input terminal (1214); The output terminals of the eight-way water valve (12) include: a first output terminal (1221), a second output terminal (1222), a third output terminal (1223), and a fourth output terminal (1224); The first end of the first circuit is connected to the first output end (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12), and the second end of the first circuit is connected to the first input end (1211) of the eight-way water valve (12). The first end of the second circuit is connected to the second output end (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12), and the second end of the second circuit is connected to the second input end (1212) of the eight-way water valve (12). The first end of the third circuit is connected to the third output end (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12), and the second end of the third circuit is connected to the third input end (1213) of the eight-way water valve (12). The first end of the fourth circuit is connected to the fourth output end (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12), and the second end of the third circuit is connected to the fourth input end (1214) of the eight-way water valve (12). The eight-way water valve (12) controls the fluid flow direction and flow rate of the first circuit, the second circuit, the third circuit and the fourth circuit by connecting and switching the input and output ends; The water circuit (II) further includes: a fifth circuit; the fifth circuit includes: a fourth three-way proportional valve (804), the condenser (2), the cooler (4), a sixth three-way valve (706), a seventh three-way valve (707), a first water pump (901), an eighth three-way valve (708), and a shut-off valve (16). The output end of the fourth three-way proportional valve (804) is connected to the input end of the first water pump (901), the output end of the first water pump (901) is connected to the second input end of the condenser (2), the second output end of the condenser (2) is connected to the input end of the sixth three-way valve (706), the first output end of the sixth three-way valve (706) is connected to the input end of the shut-off valve (16), the output end of the shut-off valve (16) is connected to the first input end of the seventh three-way valve (707), the output end of the seventh three-way valve (707) is connected to the second input end of the cooler (4), the second output end of the cooler (4) is connected to the input end of the eighth three-way valve (708), and the first output end of the eighth three-way valve (708) is connected to the first input end of the fourth three-way proportional valve (804).

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first circuit includes: a first three-way valve (701), a first water pump (901), the condenser (2), and a second three-way proportional valve (802); The input end of the first three-way valve (701) is connected to the first output end (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12), the output end of the first three-way valve (701) is connected to the input end of the first water pump (901), the output end of the first water pump (901) is connected to the second input end of the condenser (2), the second output end of the condenser (2) is connected to the first input end of the second three-way proportional valve (802), and the first output end of the second three-way proportional valve (802) is connected to the first input end (1211) of the eight-way water valve (12).

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first circuit also includes: a warm air core (1302); The input end of the heater core (1302) is connected to the second output end of the second three-way proportional valve (802), and the output end of the heater core (1302) is connected to the second input end of the first three-way valve (701). The warm air core (1302) is configured to heat the air.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first circuit also includes: a sixth temperature sensor (1706). The sixth temperature sensor (1706) is connected to the input end of the heater core (1302) and to the second output end of the second three-way proportional valve (802).

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second circuit includes: a third three-way valve (703), a second water pump (902), a battery module (10), and a fourth three-way valve (704). The first input end of the third three-way valve (703) is connected to the second output end (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12), the output end of the third three-way valve (703) is connected to the input end of the second water pump (902), the output end of the second water pump (902) is connected to the input end of the battery module (10), the output end of the battery module (10) is connected to the input end of the fourth three-way valve (704), and the first output end of the fourth three-way valve (704) is connected to the second input end (1212) of the eight-way water valve (12).

6. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second circuit also includes: a one-way valve (11); The input end of the one-way valve (11) is connected to the second output end of the fourth three-way valve (704), and the output end of the one-way valve (11) is connected to the second input end of the third three-way valve (703).

7. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second circuit also includes: a first temperature sensor (1701) and a second temperature sensor (1702); The first temperature sensor (1701) is connected to the input terminal of the battery module (10) and to the output terminal of the second water pump (902); The second temperature sensor (1702) is connected to the output terminal of the battery module (10) and to the input terminal of the fourth three-way valve (704).

8. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third circuit includes: a fifth three-way valve (705), a cooling module (14), a third three-way proportional valve (803), and a motor module (15). The input end of the fifth three-way valve (705) is connected to the third output end (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12), the first output end of the fifth three-way valve (705) is connected to the input end of the cooling module (14), the second output end of the fifth three-way valve (705) is connected to the second input end of the third three-way proportional valve (803); the output end of the cooling module (14) is connected to the first input end of the third three-way proportional valve (803); the output end of the third three-way proportional valve (803) is connected to the input end of the motor module (15), and the output end of the motor module (15) is connected to the third input end (1213) of the eight-way water valve (12).

9. The thermal management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third circuit also includes a third temperature sensor (1703) and a fourth temperature sensor (1704). The third temperature sensor (1703) is connected to the input terminal of the motor module (15) and to the output terminal of the third three-way proportional valve (803); The fourth temperature sensor (1704) is connected to the output terminal of the motor module (15) and to the third input terminal (1213) of the eight-way water valve (12).

10. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth circuit includes: a second three-way valve (702), a third water pump (903), a cooler (4), and a first three-way proportional valve (801). The first input end of the second three-way valve (702) is connected to the fourth output end (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12), the output end of the second three-way valve (702) is connected to the input end of the third water pump (903), the output end of the third water pump (903) is connected to the second input end of the cooler (4), the second output end of the cooler (4) is connected to the input end of the first three-way proportional valve (801), and the first output end of the first three-way proportional valve (801) is connected to the fourth input end (1214) of the eight-way water valve (12).

11. The thermal management system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fourth circuit also includes: a cold air core (1301). The input end of the cold air core (1301) is connected to the second output end of the first three-way proportional valve (801), and the output end of the cold air core (1301) is connected to the second input end of the second three-way valve (702). The cooling core (1301) is configured to cool and dehumidify the air.

12. The thermal management system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The fourth circuit also includes: a fifth temperature sensor (1705). The fifth temperature sensor (1705) is connected to the input end of the cold air core (1301) and to the second output end of the first three-way proportional valve (801).

13. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The refrigerant circuit (I) further includes: a first temperature and pressure sensor (1801) and a second temperature and pressure sensor (1802); The first temperature and pressure sensor (1801) is connected to the output end of the compressor (1) and to the first input end of the condenser (2); The second temperature and pressure sensor (1802) is connected to the input end of the compressor (1) and to the output end of the liquid storage tank (5) and / or the gas-liquid separator (6).

14. The thermal management system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The refrigerant includes: propane.

15. The thermal management system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes an eight-way water valve (12); the thermal management system operates in a single-passenger cabin cooling mode. In this mode, the first input (1211) and the third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the third input (1213) and the first output (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are also connected; and / or, The thermal management system also includes a single-cell cooling mode. In this mode, the first input (1211) and third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the second input (1212) and fourth output (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the third input (1213) and first output (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and the fourth input (1214) and second output (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and / or, The thermal management system also includes a simultaneous cooling mode for the crew cabin and battery. In this mode, the first input (1211) and third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the second input (1212) and fourth output (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the third input (1213) and first output (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and the fourth input (1214) and second output (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and / or, The thermal management system also includes a battery natural cooling mode. In this mode, the first input (1211) and second output (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the second input (1212) and fourth output (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the third input (1213) and first output (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and the fourth input (1214) and third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and / or, The thermal management system also includes a motor-only cooling mode. In this mode, the first input terminal (1211) and the third output terminal (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the third input terminal (1213) and the first output terminal (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are also connected; and / or, The thermal management system also includes a single-passenger cabin heating mode. In this mode, the third input (1213) and fourth output (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the fourth input (1214) and third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are also connected; and / or, The operating mode of the thermal management system also includes a crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode. When the thermal management system is in the crew cabin heating and dehumidification mode, the third input terminal (1213) and the fourth output terminal (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the fourth input terminal (1214) and the third output terminal (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and / or, The thermal management system also includes a single-cell heating mode. In this mode, the first input (1211) and second output (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the second input (1212) and first output (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the third input (1213) and fourth output (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the fourth input (1214) and third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and / or, The thermal management system also includes a simultaneous heating mode for the passenger compartment and battery. In this mode, the first input (1211) and second output (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the second input (1212) and first output (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; the third input (1213) and fourth output (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the fourth input (1214) and third output (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected; and / or, The operation mode of the thermal management system also includes a hot water bypass single-passenger cabin heating mode. When the thermal management system is in the hot water bypass single-passenger cabin heating mode, the first input end (1211) and the second output end (1222) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the second input end (1212) and the first output end (1221) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, the third input end (1213) and the fourth output end (1224) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected, and the fourth input end (1214) and the third output end (1223) of the eight-way water valve (12) are connected.

16. A car, characterized in that, Includes the thermal management system as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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