A dust-free loading equipment for port bulk materials

Abstract

The present application relates to a dust-free loading device for bulk cargo at ports, belonging to the technical field of cleaning the filters of telescopic chutes. It includes an outer chute and an inner chute; a support ring is fixedly arranged between the outer chute and the inner chute; a number of filters are slidably arranged on the support ring; a filtering section is arranged on the filter; during the adsorption process, the filtering section is located below the support ring; during the backwashing process, the filtering section is located inside the support ring; an exhaust passage is arranged inside the filter, and the dust-containing air flow enters the exhaust passage from the filtering section and is discharged from the top end of the exhaust passage; a spray pipe is arranged above the filter and is used to blow backwashing air flow into the filter; a nozzle is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spray pipe. The present application has the effect of separating and treating the backwashing air flow and the dust-containing air flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of cleaning telescopic chute filters, and particularly to a dust-free loading device for port bulk materials. Background Art

[0002] During the loading process of port bulk materials, the traditional open loading method is prone to dust dispersion. The prior art often adopts a double-layer telescopic chute structure, with a rigid material guiding tube on the outer layer and a flexible telescopic section on the inner layer. The length of the chute is adjusted to meet the loading requirements of different vehicle types. A filter element assembly is integrated inside the chute, and the physical interception and adsorption effects of the filter material are used to filter the dust-containing air flow generated during the loading process.

[0003] As the operation time prolongs, the surface of the filter element is gradually covered with dust, resulting in filter element blockage. In the prior art, backwashing is usually used to clean the filter element. Backwashing is to impact the surface of the filter element by reverse air flow, and use the dynamic pressure and shear force of the air flow to peel off the attached dust and restore the air permeability of the filter element.

[0004] The key defect of the existing backwashing technology is that the peeled dust cannot be effectively isolated from the main air flow channel. Specifically, when the backwashing air flow migrates towards the dust collection device while carrying the peeled dust, it needs to pass through the dust-containing air flow area or cross the falling material flow during loading, resulting in some dust that has detached from the filter element being re-entrained into the dust-containing air flow. This phenomenon is particularly significant when the air flow organization inside the chute is disordered or the negative pressure control is insufficient, forming a vicious cycle of "peeling - re-adsorption", which greatly reduces the overall dust removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that the peeled dust is mixed into the dust-containing air flow during the backwashing process, this application provides a dust-free loading device for port bulk materials.

[0006] The dust-free loading device for port bulk materials provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A dust-free loading device for port bulk materials, comprising: an outer chute and an inner chute;

[0008] A support ring, which is fixedly arranged between the outer chute and the inner chute;

[0009] Filter elements, several of which are slidably arranged on the support ring; a filtering section is arranged on the filter element; during the adsorption process, the filtering section is located below the support ring; during the backwashing process, the filtering section is located inside the support ring;

[0010] An exhaust passage, which is arranged inside the filter element, and the dust-containing air flow enters the exhaust passage from the filtering section and is discharged from the top of the exhaust passage;

[0011] A nozzle and a spray head. The nozzle is disposed above the filter element and is used to spray a backwash air flow into the filter element; the spray head is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the nozzle.

[0012] Optionally, the filter element further includes:

[0013] A fixed section fixedly connected to the top end of the filtering section;

[0014] An exhaust section fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed section; the exhaust passage is disposed in the filtering section, the fixed section and the exhaust section;

[0015] A bottom shaft fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filtering section.

[0016] Optionally, a dust collecting hopper is fixedly connected below the support ring; a support plate is fixedly disposed inside the support ring; turning plates are rotatably connected to both sides of the support plate.

[0017] Optionally, a magnetic sheet is fixedly disposed on the support plate; a metal sheet magnetically adsorbed to the magnetic sheet is fixedly disposed on the turning plate; a torsion spring is disposed at the connection end of the support plate and the turning plate, and the torsion spring is used to drive the turning plate to reset downward.

[0018] Optionally, a first contact switch is disposed on the support plate, and the magnetic sheet is connected to a power source through the first contact switch; a contact piece is fixedly disposed on the filter element; the contact piece is used to press the first contact switch.

[0019] Optionally, the dust-free loading equipment for port bulk cargo materials further includes:

[0020] A rotating piece rotatably disposed on the top of the support ring, and a pressure-sensitive element is disposed on the rotating piece; a second through hole is formed in the rotating piece for the filter element to pass through when moving upward;

[0021] A rotating shaft slidably disposed vertically on the support ring; the rotating shaft cooperates with the rotating piece to make the rotating piece rotate;

[0022] A fixed shaft and a second magnetic ring, the second magnetic ring is fixedly disposed at the top end of the rotating shaft; the fixed shaft is fixedly disposed on the rotating piece; the second magnetic ring moves downward by magnetically adsorbing the fixed shaft.

[0023] Optionally, the dust-free loading equipment for port bulk cargo materials further includes:

[0024] A sliding piece, a plurality of the sliding pieces are slidably disposed in the support ring; a return spring is fixedly disposed at the top end of the sliding piece, and the return spring is used to drive the sliding piece to reset upward;

[0025] A magnetic block, the magnetic block is fixedly disposed below the sliding piece, and the magnetic block moves the sliding piece downward by magnetically adsorbing the sliding piece;

[0026] Contact switch two is disposed between two adjacent sliding plates. When the sliding plates move upward, contact switch two is closed; the second magnetic ring is connected to the power supply through contact switch two.

[0027] Optionally, the piezoresistive element includes a thin film and a piezoresistive sensor. The thin film deforms under the action of the wind pressure of the dusty airflow, and after the deformation of the thin film, it presses against the piezoresistive sensor to change the resistance value of the piezoresistive sensor.

[0028] Optionally, a first magnetic ring is fixedly connected to the nozzle, and the first magnetic ring magnetically adsorbs the filter element to move upward; a contact switch three is fixedly provided at the top of the fixed shaft, and the first magnetic ring is connected to the power supply through contact switch three; the second magnetic ring presses against contact switch three to close contact switch three.

[0029] Optionally, a plurality of spiral engagement teeth are evenly distributed on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of spiral engagement grooves are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fixed shaft, and the engagement teeth are engaged with the engagement grooves.

[0030] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. When the filter element is in the backwashing state, the upward movement of the filter element triggers the magnetic sheet to adsorb the flap and turn it upward to form a horizontal isolation barrier, so that the peeled dust directly falls on the surface of the flap; after the backwashing is completed, the downward movement of the filter element triggers the flap to reset, and the dust is guided to the bottom of the dust collection hopper through the dust-proof pipe. Through mechanical isolation and airflow path optimization, the backwashed dust is effectively prevented from being carried by the main airflow for the second time, and the risk of dust re-dispersion is significantly reduced.

[0032] 2. The change in the current of the magnetic block triggers the closing of contact switch two through the displacement of the sliding plate, and starts the rotation of the rotating plate to switch the position of the through hole; the first magnetic ring is energized to adsorb the filter element to move the filter element upward, triggering and starting the air pump for back blowing to ensure the synchronization of the filter element action and the airflow channel switching; during the backwashing process of a single filter element, the other filter elements perform the dust removal operation normally, reducing the impact on the dust removal efficiency.

[0033] 3. In the prior art, a differential pressure sensor is usually used to detect the airflow pressure in the exhaust passage. In the present application, a single piezoresistive sensor is used to real-time monitor the airflow pressure in the exhaust passage, and the deformation of the thin film is fed back to the magnetic block for current adjustment; effectively solving the deviation of the pressure sensor at the air inlet end in the annular filter tube due to too many air inlet airflow paths. At the same time, the synchronization of the differential pressure sensor is achieved through the cooperation of the sliding plate, and the detection abnormality of a single differential pressure sensor is used as the judgment basis for the blockage of the filter element, so as to reduce the interference of temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure on the differential pressure sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning device according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support ring and the dust collection hopper in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filter element in the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating piece in the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1, inner chute; 2, support ring; 3, filter element; 4, second magnetic ring; 5, filtering section; 6, fixed section; 7, exhaust section; 8, exhaust passage; 9, bottom shaft; 10, dust collection hopper; 11, support plate; 12, flap; 13, round hole; 14, contact piece; 15, compression spring; 16, spray pipe; 17, first magnetic ring; 18, nozzle; 19, magnetic block; 20, sliding piece; 21, dovetail block; 22, return spring; 23, rotating piece; 24, first through hole; 25, second through hole; 26, rotating shaft; 27, pressure plate; 28, second tension spring; 29, fixed shaft; 30, dust-proof pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The following further elaborates on the present application in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-4 to make a further detailed description of the present application.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application discloses a dust-free loading device for port bulk materials. The dust-free loading device for port bulk materials includes an outer chute and an inner chute 1. A cleaning device is fixedly arranged between the outer chute and the inner chute 1. The cleaning device includes a support ring 2 and a plurality of filter elements 3 evenly distributed on the support ring 2. A plurality of mounting holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support ring 2, and the filter elements 3 are slidably arranged in the mounting holes in the vertical direction.

[0041] The filter element 3 includes a filtering section 5, a fixed section 6, and an exhaust section 7 connected in sequence. The filtering section 5, the fixed section 6, and the exhaust section 7 are fixedly connected to each other pairwise. The filtering section 5, the fixed section 6, and the exhaust section 7 are all circular rings and are coaxially arranged, so that an exhaust passage 8 is formed at the central position of the filter element 3; a bottom shaft 9 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the filtering section 5 to close the bottom end of the exhaust passage 8. The inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the filtering section 5 are both filter meshes, and filtering materials are filled in the filtering section 5; after the dust-containing air flow enters the exhaust passage 8 from the circumferential side of the filtering section 5, it is discharged from the top end of the exhaust passage 8, and the dust in the dust-containing air flow is adsorbed on the filtering materials.

[0042] The support ring 2 is a hollow annular structure. A circular dust collection hopper 10 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the support ring 2, and the top end of the dust collection hopper 10 is communicated with the bottom end of the support ring 2; the mounting holes penetrate through the top surface of the support ring 2 and the bottom surface of the dust collection hopper 10. The longitudinal section of the support ring 2 is square; the longitudinal section of the dust collection hopper 10 is an inverted trapezoid, and by setting the angles of the two side walls of the dust collection hopper 10 with the vertical direction, the dust is accelerated to fall to the bottom of the dust collection hopper 10. A dust outlet pipe can be connected to the bottom end of the dust collection hopper 10.

[0043] Specifically, when the filter element 3 is in the filtering state, the filtering section 5 is located below the dust collecting hopper 10, the fixed section 6 is located in the support ring 2 and the dust collecting hopper 10, and the exhaust section 7 is located in the mounting hole on the top surface of the support ring 2. When the filter element 3 is in the backwashing state, the fixed section 6 is located above the support ring 2, the filtering section 5 is located in the support ring 2, and the bottom shaft 9 is located in the dust collecting hopper 10.

[0044] A support plate 11 is provided at the connecting section between the support ring 2 and the dust collecting hopper 10. Flap plates 12 are rotatably connected to both sides of the support plate 11 respectively; a round hole 13 for passing through the filter element 3 is provided on the support plate 11. Magnetic sheets are fixedly provided on both sides of the support plate 11, and metal sheets are fixedly provided on the side walls of the flap plates 12 close to the support plate 11; the magnetic sheets are electromagnets, and after the magnetic sheets are energized, the flap plates 12 are turned upwards by magnetic adsorption of the metal sheets. When the flap plates 12 are in the horizontal state, the space between the support ring 2 and the dust collecting hopper 10 is separated. A torsion spring is provided at the connecting end of the flap plates 12 and the support plate 11, and the torsion spring is used to drive the flap plates 12 to reset downwards. A dust-proof pipe 30 is vertically fixedly provided on the inner bottom surface of the dust collecting hopper 10. The top end of the dust-proof pipe 30 is fixedly connected to the support plate 11, and the filter element 3 is passed through the dust-proof pipe 30.

[0045] A first contact switch is fixedly provided around the round hole 13 on the top surface of the support plate 11. Preferably, the first contact switch is sleeved on the peripheral side of the filter element 3. The magnetic sheet is connected to the power supply through the first contact switch. A contact piece 14 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the fixed section 6, and the contact piece 14 presses against the first contact switch to disconnect the first contact switch, and the separation of the contact piece 14 from the first contact switch closes the first contact switch. Specifically, after the filter element 3 moves upwards, the contact piece 14 is separated from the first contact switch, the magnetic sheet is energized and magnetically adsorbs the flap plates 12 to rotate upwards; when the filter element 3 moves downwards until the contact piece 14 abuts against the first contact switch and then stops moving, the magnetic sheet is powered off, and the flap plates 12 are turned downwards under the action of the torsion spring. A compression spring 15 is fixedly provided between the contact piece 14 and the inner top surface of the support ring 2, and the compression spring 15 is used to drive the filter element 3 to reset downwards.

[0046] Specifically, when the filter element 3 is in the backwashing stage, the filtering section 5 rises above the support plate 11, and the dust falls from the filtering section 5 onto the flap plates 12 by turning the flap plates 12 upwards. After the backwashing of the filter element 3 is completed, the filtering section 5 moves downwards out of the dust collecting hopper 10 through the dust-proof pipe 30; the flap plates 12 are turned downwards to make the dust fall into the dust collecting hopper 10. Preferably, a brush ring is fixedly provided in the mounting hole on the top surface of the support ring 2, and the brush ring is used to intercept the dust attached to the surface of the fixed section 6 and make the dust fall into the support ring 2.

[0047] Above the support ring 2, a number of spray nozzles 16 are provided, and the number of spray nozzles 16 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support ring 2; the spray nozzles 16 are coaxially arranged with the filter element 3. The bottom end of the spray nozzle 16 is fixedly provided with a nozzle 18; a first magnetic ring 17 is sleeved on the periphery of the nozzle 18, and the first magnetic ring 17 is an electromagnet. A metal ring that can be magnetically adsorbed with the first magnetic ring 17 is fixedly provided on the top end surface of the exhaust section 7. After the filter element 3 rises, the spray nozzle 16 extends into the exhaust section 7. A first tension spring is fixedly provided on the periphery of the exhaust section 7, and the bottom end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support ring 2 for driving the filter element 3 to reset downward. Specifically, the nozzle 18 is connected to an air pump through an air pipe, and a third contact switch is fixedly provided on the periphery of the nozzle 18, and the third contact switch is connected to the air pump. When the exhaust section 7 moves upward under the magnetic adsorption of the first magnetic ring 17 and contacts the nozzle 18, the top end of the exhaust section 7 presses against the third contact switch and closes the third contact switch, and the air pump starts and conveys a reverse blowing air flow into the exhaust section 7, and the dust adsorbed in the filter material is cleaned by the reverse blowing air flow, and the dust drops onto the flap 12.

[0048] An annular chamber is formed in the top surface of the support ring 2. A number of magnetic blocks 19 and sliding plates 20 are arranged in the annular chamber. The number of magnetic blocks 19 are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the annular chamber; the number of sliding plates 20 are arranged to slide vertically. The side walls of two adjacent sliding plates 20 are in contact with each other, so that the number of sliding plates 20 enclose an annular shape. The number of sliding plates 20 is the same as the number of magnetic blocks 19, and a sliding plate 20 is provided above each magnetic block 19. Preferably, the sliding plate 20 is connected to the side wall of the annular chamber through a dovetail block 21, and the dovetail block 21 provides a guiding function in the vertical direction for the sliding plate 20. The sliding plate 20 is connected to the top surface of the annular chamber through a return spring 22. A metal sheet for magnetic adsorption with the magnetic block 19 is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 20. The magnetic block 19 is an electromagnet. After the current passing through the magnetic block 19 increases, the sliding plate 20 moves downward under the action of its own gravity and the suction force of the magnetic block 19, overcoming the elastic force of the return spring 22.

[0049] A number of rotating plates 23 are rotatably arranged on the top surface of the support ring 2; the number of rotating plates 23, sliding plates 20 and filter elements 3 is the same. The rotating plates 23 partially cover above the filter element 3. A first through hole 24 for accommodating a pressure-sensitive element and a second through hole 25 for accommodating the filter element 3 are formed in the rotating plate 23. Preferably, the second through hole 25 is arranged in an annular shape. The pressure-sensitive element includes a thin film fixedly arranged in the first through hole 24 and a piezoresistive sensor, and the piezoresistive sensor is arranged above the thin film and is in contact with the thin film; specifically, in the initial state, the first through hole 24 is located above the filter element 3 and is coaxially arranged with the exhaust passage 8, and the thin film deforms upward under the action of the air flow, and the piezoresistive sensor is pressed by the thin film to change the resistance value of the piezoresistive sensor. After the rotating plate 23 rotates, the second through hole 25 rotates above the filter element 3, and the filter element 3 can move upward through the second through hole 25.

[0050] The rotating piece 23 is arranged above the sliding piece 20; a rotating hole is formed at the axis center of the rotating piece 23, a rotating shaft 26 is inserted into the rotating hole, and the rotating shaft 26 penetrates through the top surface of the supporting ring 2 and extends into the annular chamber. A pressing disc 27 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 26, and the pressing disc 27 is connected with the top surface of the annular chamber through a second tension spring 28. A fixing shaft 29 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the rotating piece 23, and the fixing shaft 29 is sleeved on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft 26; a plurality of spiral engaging teeth are evenly distributed on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft 26 along the circumferential direction thereof, and a plurality of spiral engaging grooves are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fixing shaft 29 along the circumferential direction thereof. Through the engagement of the engaging teeth and the engaging grooves, the rotating piece 23 is driven to rotate during the vertical movement of the rotating shaft 26. Specifically, when the rotating shaft 26 moves upward and the first through hole 24 is separated from the exhaust passage 8, the second through hole 25 rotates above the filter element 3; after the second tension spring 28 makes the pressing disc 27 reset downward, the rotating piece 23 rotates reversely until the first through hole 24 is located above the exhaust passage 8. The fixing shaft 29 is a metal shaft; a second magnetic ring 4 is fixed at the top end of the rotating shaft 26. After the second magnetic ring 4 is electrified, the rotating shaft 26 is moved downward by adsorbing the metal shaft.

[0051] A second contact switch is arranged between two adjacent sliding pieces 20, and the second magnetic ring 4 is connected to a power supply through the second contact switch. Specifically, the second contact switch includes a switch fixed piece and a switch moving piece respectively fixed on two adjacent sliding pieces 20. After the switch moving piece and the switch fixed piece are in contact, the second contact switch is closed; the switch moving piece is electrically connected to the second magnetic ring 4, and the switch fixed piece is electrically connected to the power supply. When the top surfaces of the two sliding pieces 20 are on the same horizontal plane, the switch moving piece is located below the switch fixed piece; when the magnetism of the magnet 19 weakens, the sliding piece 20 arranged opposite to the magnet 19 moves upward under the pulling force of the reset spring 22, so that the switch moving piece is in contact with the switch fixed piece. The switch moving piece and the switch fixed piece on the sliding piece 20 are respectively fixed on two opposite side walls thereof; the sliding piece 20 is in electrical contact with the switch fixed piece of the adjacent sliding piece 20 on one side through the switch moving piece, and is in electrical contact with the switch moving piece of the adjacent sliding piece 20 on the other side through the switch fixed piece. It should be noted that the switch moving piece on each sliding piece 20 is connected to the second magnetic ring 4 located above the sliding piece 20. A timer and a relay are arranged on the connection circuit of the second magnetic ring 4; the output end of the timer is connected to the relay coil, and the second magnetic ring 4 is connected to the normally open contact of the relay. After the second contact switch is closed, the timer starts timing. The second magnetic ring 4 is electrified and drives the rotating shaft 26 to move downward. The rotating piece 23 rotates to separate the first through hole 24 from the exhaust passage 8, and the second through hole 25 rotates above the filter element 3 so that the filter element 3 can move upward; after the timer stops timing, a low-level signal is sent to the relay, and the relay controls the second magnetic ring 4 to be powered off. The rotating shaft 26 is reset upward under the action of the second tension spring 28, the second magnetic ring 4 is separated from the fixing shaft 29, and at the same time, the rotating piece 23 rotates so that the first through hole 24 is located above the exhaust passage 8.

[0052] At the top end of the fixed shaft 29, a third contact switch is fixedly installed; the first magnetic ring 17 and the magnetic block 19 are respectively connected to the power supply through the third contact switch. The third contact switch is a single-pole double-throw switch; the first magnetic ring 17 changes its state by pressing against the third contact switch. When the second magnetic ring 4 is separated from the fixed shaft 29, the third contact switch cuts off the first magnetic ring 17 and makes the magnetic block 19 in a conducting state; after the second magnetic ring 4 presses against the third contact switch, the third contact switch makes the first magnetic ring 17 in a conducting state and the magnetic block 19 in a cut-off state. Specifically, after the second magnetic ring 4 is electrified and drives the rotating shaft 26 to move downward, the second through hole 25 rotates above the filter element 3; the second magnetic ring 4 presses against the third contact switch, the first magnetic ring 17 is electrified and magnetically adsorbs the filter element 3 to move upward for backwashing operation; the magnetic block 19 is powered off, and the sliding piece 20 is higher than the adjacent sliding piece 20 under the action of the return spring 22, and the switch moving piece on the sliding piece 20 is in electrical contact with the switch fixed piece on the adjacent sliding piece 20 to keep the second magnetic ring 4 in an electrified state. After the timer on the circuit of the second magnetic ring 4 times out, the second magnetic ring 4 is powered off and resets upward with the rotating shaft 26, the first magnetic ring 17 is powered off, and the filter element 3 resets downward; after the second magnetic ring 4 returns to the initial position, the first through hole 24 rotates above the exhaust passage 8; the magnetic block 19 is electrified, and the magnetic block 19 adsorbs the sliding piece 20 to move downward, and the second contact switch is disconnected.

[0053] The piezoresistive sensor is connected to the magnetic block 19. Specifically, one end of the piezoresistive sensor is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the other end is connected to a voltage-dividing resistor, and the voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The connection end of the piezoresistive sensor and the voltage-dividing resistor leads out a signal line to connect to the inverting input end of the signal amplifier, and the non-inverting input end of the signal amplifier is grounded; preferably, a feedback resistor is connected between the output end and the inverting input end of the signal amplifier; the operational amplifier is connected to the power supply through its power supply pins. The output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the gate of the transistor; the drain of the transistor is connected to the magnetic block 19, and the source is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. The other end of the magnetic block 19 is grounded through the third contact switch; preferably, a diode is connected in parallel on the magnetic block 19. After the piezoresistive sensor is pressed by the thin film, its resistance value decreases, the input voltage of the signal amplifier decreases, the conduction of the transistor weakens, the current in the magnetic block 19 decreases, and the magnetism of the magnetic block 19 decreases. After the current in the magnetic block 19 decreases to the threshold value, the sliding piece 20 moves to make the second contact switch closed.

[0054] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dust-free loading device for bulk cargo at ports, characterized in that Comprising: An outer chute and an inner chute (1); A support ring (2), which is fixedly arranged between the outer chute and the inner chute (1); Filter elements (3), a plurality of the filter elements (3) are slidably arranged on the support ring (2); a filtering section (5) is arranged on the filter element (3); during the adsorption process, the filtering section (5) is located below the support ring (2); during the backwashing process, the filtering section (5) is located inside the support ring (2); An exhaust passage (8), which is arranged inside the filter element (3), and the dust-containing air flow enters the exhaust passage (8) from the filtering section (5) and is discharged from the top end of the exhaust passage (8); A spray pipe (16) and a nozzle (18), the spray pipe (16) is arranged above the filter element (3) for spraying a backwashing air flow into the filter element (3); the nozzle (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spray pipe (16); A rotating piece (23), the rotating piece (23) is rotatably arranged on the top of the support ring (2), and a pressure-sensitive element is arranged on the rotating piece (23); a second through hole (25) is formed in the rotating piece (23) for the filter element (3) to pass through when moving upward; A rotating shaft (26), the rotating shaft (26) is slidably arranged vertically on the support ring (2); the rotating shaft (26) cooperates with the rotating piece (23) to make the rotating piece (23) rotate; A fixed shaft (29) and a second magnetic ring (4), the second magnetic ring (4) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft (26); the fixed shaft (29) is fixedly arranged on the rotating piece (23); the second magnetic ring (4) moves downward by magnetically adsorbing the fixed shaft (29); Sliding pieces (20), a plurality of the sliding pieces (20) are slidably arranged inside the support ring (2); a return spring (22) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the sliding piece (20), and the return spring (22) is used to drive the sliding piece (20) to reset upward; A magnetic block (19), the magnetic block (19) is fixedly arranged below the sliding piece (20), and the magnetic block (19) moves the sliding piece (20) downward by magnetically adsorbing the sliding piece (20); A second contact switch, which is arranged between two adjacent sliding pieces (20), and the second contact switch is closed after the sliding piece (20) moves upward; the second magnetic ring (4) is connected to a power supply through the second contact switch; The pressure-sensitive element includes a thin film and a piezoresistive sensor. The thin film deforms under the action of the wind pressure of the dust-containing air flow, and after the thin film deforms, it presses against the piezoresistive sensor to change the resistance value of the piezoresistive sensor.

2. The dust-free loading equipment for bulk cargo at ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter element (3) further includes: A fixed section (6), which is fixedly connected to the top end of the filtering section (5); An exhaust section (7), which is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed section (6); the exhaust passage (8) is arranged inside the filtering section (5), the fixed section (6) and the exhaust section (7); A bottom shaft (9), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filtering section (5).

3. A dust-free loading equipment for port bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust collecting hopper (10) is fixedly connected below the support ring (2); a support plate (11) is fixedly arranged inside the support ring (2); turnover plates (12) are rotatably connected to both sides of the support plate (11).

4. The dust-free loading equipment for port bulk materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: A magnetic sheet is fixedly arranged on the support plate (11); a metal sheet magnetically adsorbed to the magnetic sheet is fixedly arranged on the turnover plate (12); a torsion spring is arranged at the connection end of the support plate (11) and the turnover plate (12), and the torsion spring is used to drive the turnover plate (12) to reset downward.

5. The dust-free loading equipment for bulk cargo at ports according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first contact switch is arranged on the support plate (11), and the magnetic sheet is connected to a power supply through the first contact switch; a contact piece (14) is fixedly arranged on the filter element (3); the contact piece (14) is used to press the first contact switch.

6. The dust-free loading equipment for port bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first magnetic ring (17) is fixedly connected to the nozzle (18), and the first magnetic ring (17) magnetically adsorbs the filter element (3) to move upward; a third contact switch is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixed shaft (29), and the first magnetic ring (17) is connected to a power supply through the third contact switch; a second magnetic ring (4) presses the third contact switch to close the third contact switch.

7. The dust-free loading equipment for port bulk materials according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of spiral meshing teeth are evenly distributed on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft (26), and a plurality of spiral meshing grooves are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fixed shaft (29), and the meshing teeth are engaged with the meshing grooves.

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