A ventilation device for civil air defense projects

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of civil air defense equipment, and specifically relates to a ventilation device for civil air defense projects, including a fixed base. The upper part of the fixed base is fixedly connected with a filtering part, and both ends of the filtering part are connected with a blowing part. Through the blowing part, external air is conveyed into the interior of the filtering part, and the air is subjected to multi-stage filtration inside the filtering part to remove pollution. A locking part is arranged on one side of the filtering part and the blowing part. The locking part can fixedly connect and separate the filtering part and the blowing part. At the same time, the locking part can also continue to squeeze the filtering part after the filtering part and the blowing part are connected. The invention realizes quick disassembly and air control through the electromechanical linkage of the locking part; the modular self-positioning folding structure supports convenient maintenance and filter material replacement, and the anti-blocking seal ensures long-term operation; the streamline anti-vibration design reduces resistance and enhances stability, ensuring reliable operation under extreme working conditions, and meeting the requirements of high-efficiency purification and adaptability of civil air defense projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of civil air defense equipment, and particularly relates to a ventilation device for civil air defense projects. Background Art

[0002] As an important facility for wartime shelter and emergency protection, the air quality inside civil air defense projects and the reliability of the ventilation system are directly related to the safety of personnel's lives and the effectiveness of environmental protection. Traditional civil air defense ventilation devices mostly adopt fixed mechanical structures, with single functions and significant technical bottlenecks: at the filtration level, the conventional single-stage filter element design can only intercept large-particle pollutants, with insufficient purification capabilities for aerosols, toxic gases, and radioactive particles, and lacking a dynamic adjustment mechanism, unable to optimize the filtration efficiency in real time according to the pollution concentration; in terms of equipment maintenance, replacing the filter element requires disassembling the overall structure, with complex operations and easy damage to the sealing performance, resulting in a long maintenance cycle and a high risk of secondary pollution; in terms of system stability, traditional devices are limited by rigid connections and inefficient buffer designs, and are prone to structural displacement during explosion shocks, equipment vibrations, or drastic changes in temperature and humidity, causing a decrease in airtightness, disordered air flow distribution, and even equipment failures; in addition, the pneumatic layout of traditional fan impellers and pipelines is unreasonable, resulting in high air flow resistance, high energy consumption, and significant noise, making it difficult to meet the requirements of civil air defense projects for concealment and long-term operation.

[0003] With the development of society, modern civil air defense projects have put forward higher requirements for the ventilation system: it is necessary to achieve coordinated purification of multiple pollutants, accurate air volume adaptation, rapid maintenance response, and stable operation in extreme environments within a limited space. In response to the above requirements, there is an urgent need in this field to break through the traditional technical framework and construct an intelligent and highly adaptable ventilation system through innovative solutions such as integrated electromechanical control, modular design, gradient filtration, and anti-disturbance enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device for civil air defense projects, which can achieve quick disassembly and risk control through the electromechanical linkage of the locking part; the modular self-positioning folding structure supports convenient maintenance and filter material replacement, and the anti-blocking seal ensures long-term operation; the streamline anti-vibration design reduces resistance and enhances stability, ensuring reliable operation under extreme working conditions, and meeting the requirements of high-efficiency purification and adaptability of civil air defense projects.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are specifically as follows:

[0006] A ventilation device for civil air defense projects, comprising a fixed base. A filtering part is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed base. Blowing parts are connected to both ends of the filtering part. External air is conveyed into the interior of the filtering part through the blowing parts. The air undergoes multi-stage filtration inside the filtering part to remove pollutants. A locking part is arranged on one side of the filtering part and the blowing parts. The locking part can fixedly connect and separate the filtering part and the blowing parts. At the same time, the locking part can also continue to squeeze the filtering part after the filtering part and the blowing parts are connected, so as to control the air flow rate of the filtered air inside the filtering part.

[0007] The locking part includes a driving motor, which is fixedly connected to the fixed base. The output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a rotating screw rod. An adjusting seat is threadedly connected to the outer edge of the rotating screw rod. One end of the adjusting seat is slidably connected with a fitting seat. The other end of the adjusting seat can be inserted into the interior of the filtering part. The interior of the fitting seat cooperates with both ends of the filtering part. The interior of the fitting seat is communicated with the interior of the blowing part. An elastic pressing part is arranged between the fitting seat and the adjusting seat.

[0008] In a preferred solution, the driving motor is a double-shaft flange type stepping motor with a rated power of 1.5 kW, equipped with an absolute encoder and an overload protection module, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm and a repeat positioning error of ≤0.05 mm.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the filtering part includes a box body, a docking plate, a closing plate, a rotating gear, a rack, a sliding seat, a rotating wheel, a filter plate and an elastic reset part. The box body is arranged inside the fixed base. The docking plate is fixedly arranged at the openings at both ends of the box body. The closing plate is rotatably arranged inside the docking plate. The rotating gears are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the closing plate. The rack is slidably arranged inside the docking plate, and one side of the rack meshes with the outer edge of the rotating gear. The sliding seat is slidably arranged inside the docking plate, and the sliding seat is fixedly connected with the rack. The rotating wheel is rotatably connected with the sliding seat, and the outer edge of the rotating wheel cooperates with the adjusting seat. The filter plate is fixedly arranged inside the box body. One end of the elastic reset part is fixedly connected to the inside of the docking plate, and the other end of the elastic reset part contacts the sliding seat.

[0010] In a preferred solution, a plurality of hexagonal ventilation holes are opened inside the docking plate, and the interior of the ventilation holes cooperates with the closing plate.

[0011] In a preferred solution, a plurality of installation grooves are opened inside the box body, which cooperate with the filter plate. Inside the filter plate, there are sequentially arranged a stainless steel primary filter screen, an activated carbon adsorption layer and a HEPA high-efficiency filter layer, with a total thickness of 100 mm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the air blowing section includes an air blowing housing, an air blowing motor, a paddle, a protective grille, and a connecting pipe. The air blowing housing is fixedly connected to the fixed base. The air blowing motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the air blowing housing. The air blowing motor is equipped with a variable frequency drive, which can achieve stepless speed regulation from 50% to 100%, with a power factor ≥ 0.95. The paddle is fixedly connected to the output end of the air blowing motor. The diameter of the fan impeller of the paddle is 300 mm, which is precision cast from aluminum alloy, and the blade inclination angle is 35°. The protective grille is fixedly connected to the inside of the air blowing housing, and the grid bar spacing of the protective grille is 8 mm. One end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the air blowing housing, and the other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the splicing seat.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the other end of the adjustment seat is divided into a horizontally-shaped insertion section and an inclined adjustment section, and the adjustment section is in contact with the outer edge of the rotating wheel.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a docking groove is formed inside the docking plate, and the docking groove is matched with the splicing part of the splicing seat.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a positioning ridge is provided inside the fixed base, and the positioning ridge is matched with the outer edge of the box body.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a handle is rotatably provided outside the box body.

[0017] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0018] Through the mechatronic control of the locking part, the present invention realizes the intelligent linkage operation of the filtering section and the air blowing section. Based on the high-precision stepping control technology, the driving motor can synchronously complete the rapid separation and connection of the splicing seat, and after docking, the opening and closing angle of the closing plate can be adjusted in real time through the closed-loop feedback system to achieve continuous and precise control of the ventilation aperture. The air blowing motor is equipped with a stepless variable frequency speed regulation module, which can dynamically adjust the speed according to the data feedback by the pollution sensor, so that the air volume forms an adaptive match with the purification efficiency of the multi-layer filtering structure. In the scenario where the air is polluted, the stainless steel primary filter screen, the activated carbon adsorption layer, and the HEPA high-efficiency filter layer intercept pollutants with different particle sizes step by step. Through the gradient filtering mechanism, the efficiency of the filter material is maximally utilized, while the air flow pressure loss is reduced. The coordinated control of the opening degree of the closing plate and the fan speed further optimizes the air flow distribution and the balance of the filter element load, ensuring the stable output of clean air while significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of the system, and solving the pain points of low filtering efficiency and redundant energy consumption of traditional devices;

[0019] The present invention adopts a wedge-shaped self-aligning design of the positioning ridge and the box body. Through the geometric matching of the V-shaped groove and the protrusion, the central axis is automatically corrected during the installation of the filtering part, eliminating the manual positioning deviation. The folding handle combines the ergonomic groove and the anti-slip texture, allowing a single person to complete the lifting, positioning, and locking of the box body, significantly shortening the disassembly and assembly time. The docking groove is embedded with an elastic sealing ring, which can adaptively deform when the splicing seat is pressed tightly, ensuring that the airtightness at the connection is always in a stable state. The filter plate adopts a modular layered card slot structure, supporting the independent disassembly and replacement of the stainless steel primary filter mesh, the activated carbon layer, and the HEPA layer, avoiding the waste of resources caused by the scrapping of the overall filter element. The hexagonal honeycomb ventilation holes are designed with streamlined hole walls and staggered arrangements, enhancing the structural compressive strength and reducing pollutant deposition. Combined with the serrated sealing edge of the closing plate, it can meet the airtight protection standard of civil air defense projects when fully closed. This design significantly extends the effective life of the filter element and the system maintenance cycle, solving the problems of cumbersome maintenance and easy seal failure of traditional devices;

[0020] The present invention uses a two-way wedging structure of the positioning ridge and the box body, combined with an inclined plane lever transmission mechanism, to convert the linear displacement of the horizontal adjustment seat into precise angle control of the closing plate. At the same time, an elastic buffer is used to absorb vibration energy, ensuring that the system still maintains axial stability under explosion shock or continuous vibration, and avoiding the deterioration of airtightness caused by the loosening of the connecting parts. The streamlined protective grille adopts aerodynamic curved grid bars, which cooperate with the 35° inclined aluminum alloy blades to optimize the air flow path and reduce eddy current loss, significantly reducing the operating noise while increasing the fan efficiency. Inside the box body, the load is evenly distributed to the entire section of the base through the mechanical fulcrum design. Combined with anti-corrosion materials and redundant structural strength, it provides reliable all-weather ventilation protection for civil air defense projects. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is the overall separation schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the filtering part of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is the exploded view of the filtering part of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 schematic diagram at location A in;

[0026] Figure 6 is the internal schematic diagram of the closing plate of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is the embodiment of the present invention Figure 6Schematic diagram at position B in [the context];

[0028] Figure 8 is the internal explosion diagram of the fixed base in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 is the top-down sectional view of the fixed base in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 Overall side sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the attached drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0032] 1. Fixed base; 101. Positioning ridge; 2. Filtering part; 201. Box body; 2011. Handle; 202. Docking plate; 2021. Docking groove; 203. Sealing plate; 204. Rotating gear; 205. Rack; 206. Sliding seat; 207. Rotating wheel; 208. Filter plate; 209. Elastic reset member; 3. Blowing part; 301. Blowing housing; 302. Blowing motor; 303. Blade; 304. Protective grille; 305. Connecting pipe; 4. Locking part; 401. Driving motor; 402. Rotating screw; 403. Adjusting seat; 4031. Insertion section; 4032. Adjusting section; 404. Fitting seat; 405. Elastic extrusion member. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred implementation manner" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0036] Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the sectional views showing the device structure will be enlarged locally out of the general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention herein. In addition, in actual production, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width and depth should be included.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a ventilation device for civil air defense projects, including a fixed base 1. A filtering part 2 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed base 1. Both ends of the filtering part 2 are connected to a blowing part 3. External air is conveyed into the interior of the filtering part 2 through the blowing part 3. The air is subjected to multi-stage filtration inside the filtering part 2 to remove pollutants. A locking part 4 is arranged on one side of the filtering part 2 and the blowing part 3. The locking part 4 can fixedly connect and separate the filtering part 2 and the blowing part 3. At the same time, the locking part 4 can also continue to squeeze the filtering part 2 after the filtering part 2 and the blowing part 3 are connected, so as to control the flow rate of the filtered air inside the filtering part 2;

[0038] The locking part 4 includes a driving motor 401. The driving motor 401 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 1. The output end of the driving motor 401 is fixedly connected to a rotating screw rod 402. An adjusting seat 403 is threadedly connected to the outer edge of the rotating screw rod 402. One end of the adjusting seat 403 is slidably connected to a splicing seat 404. The other end of the adjusting seat 403 can be inserted into the interior of the filtering part 2. The interior of the splicing seat 404 cooperates with both ends of the filtering part 2. The interior of the splicing seat 404 is communicated with the interior of the blowing part 3. An elastic squeezing part 405 is arranged between the splicing seat 404 and the adjusting seat 403.

[0039] Specifically, when it is necessary to replace the filtering part 2 of the ventilation device, the driving motor 401 drives the rotating screw rod 402 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating screw rod 402 drives the adjusting seat 403 to slide inside the splicing seat 404, so that the adjusting seat 403 first moves out of the interior of the filtering part 2 until the adjusting seat 403 drives the splicing seat 404 to move together, so that the splicing seat 404 is separated from the filtering part 2. Then the filtering part 2 can be pulled out of the interior of the fixed base 1, realizing the convenient separation of the filtering part 2 and the blowing part 3;

[0040] After installing the filtering part 2 into the interior of the fixed base 1, the driving motor 401 rotates in the reverse direction to drive the rotating screw rod 402 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the adjusting seat 403 can drive the splicing seat 404 to be spliced and docked with the filtering part 2. After the splicing seat 404 and the filtering part 2 are completely docked, the rotating screw rod 402 continues to rotate to drive the adjusting seat 403 to continue to move. At this time, the movement of the adjusting seat 403 can squeeze the elastic reset part 209. The movement of the adjusting seat 403 can be inserted into the interior of the filtering part 2. The movement of the adjusting seat 403 inside the filtering part 2 can change the size of the opening inside the filtering part 2, thereby controlling the flow rate of the filtered air to achieve the best filtering effect;

[0041] Through the power of the driving motor 401, two functions can be realized: the convenient splicing and separation of the splicing seat 404 and the filtering part 2, and the movement of the adjusting seat 403 to control the air flow rate inside the filtering part 2.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the drive motor 401 is a double-shaft output flange type stepper motor with a rated power of 1.5 kW, equipped with an absolute encoder and an overload protection module, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm and a repeat positioning error of ≤0.05 mm. By precisely controlling the drive motor 401, the tilt angle of the closing plate 203 is changed, thereby achieving precise control of the opening inside the closing plate 203, and then the air flow entering the filtering section 2 can be controlled to maximize the filtering effect.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the filtering section 2 includes a box body 201, a docking plate 202, a closing plate 203, a rotating gear 204, a rack 205, a sliding seat 206, a rotating wheel 207, a filter plate 208, and an elastic resetting member 209. The box body 201 is arranged inside the fixed base 1. The docking plate 202 is fixedly arranged at the openings at both ends of the box body 201. The closing plate 203 is rotatably arranged inside the docking plate 202. The rotating gears 204 are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the closing plate 203. The rack 205 is slidably arranged inside the docking plate 202, and one side of the rack 205 meshes with the outer edge of the rotating gear 204. The sliding seat 206 is slidably arranged inside the docking plate 202, and the sliding seat 206 is fixedly connected to the rack 205. The rotating wheel 207 is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 206, and the outer edge of the rotating wheel 207 cooperates with the adjusting seat 403. The filter plate 208 is fixedly arranged inside the box body 201. One end of the elastic resetting member 209 is fixedly connected to the inside of the docking plate 202, and the other end of the elastic resetting member 209 contacts the sliding seat 206;

[0044] In the initial state, the closing plate 203 is in a vertical state to close the inside of the docking plate 202;

[0045] After the filtering section 2 is installed inside the fixed base 1 and is joined with the air blowing section 3, by moving the adjusting seat 403 inside the filtering section 2, the adjusting seat 403 can squeeze the rotating wheel 207, so that the rotating wheel 207 drives the sliding seat 206 and the rack 205 to move in the vertical direction. The movement of the rack 205 can drive the rotating gear 204 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating gear 204 drives the closing plate 203 to rotate inside the docking plate 202 and gradually become horizontal, so that a gap can be opened inside the closing plate 203 to allow air to pass through. As the adjusting seat 403 moves, the rotation angle of the closing plate 203 can gradually become larger, thereby achieving the control of the air flow at the docking plate 202.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 3 to 7As shown, multiple hexagonal ventilation holes are provided inside the docking plate 202. The interior of the ventilation holes is matched with the closing plate 203. The design of the hexagonal ventilation holes provided inside the docking plate 202 in cooperation with the closing plate 203 significantly optimizes the air flow distribution and reduces the wind resistance through the geometric advantages of the hexagonal honeycomb structure. At the same time, the serrated edge of the closing plate 203 is precisely matched with the holes to achieve full circumferential sealing and hierarchical flow regulation, with a 2% change in the ventilation area corresponding to every 1° rotation; its honeycomb arrangement enhances the structural compressive strength, combined with the anti-clogging design with an 8 mm aperture and the modular self-centering characteristics, which not only ensures stability under high-pressure conditions but also facilitates rapid maintenance and cleaning; in addition, the uniform air flow distribution can cooperate with the multi-stage filter layer to extend the service life of the filter element, and meet the airtightness standard of civil air defense projects by being completely closed in emergency scenarios, comprehensively realizing the technical integration of efficient ventilation, precise regulation, and high reliability.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figures 8 to 10 As shown, multiple installation grooves are provided inside the box body 201. The installation grooves are matched with the filter plate 208. Inside the filter plate 208, a stainless steel primary filter screen, an activated carbon adsorption layer, and a HEPA high-efficiency filter layer are sequentially arranged, with a total thickness of 100 mm. The precise matching of the slot structure ensures that the three-layer filter materials, namely the stainless steel primary filter screen, the activated carbon adsorption layer, and the HEPA high-efficiency filter layer, are closely attached without side leakage. The stainless steel primary screen can intercept particles ≥5 μm, the activated carbon layer adsorbs VOCs and toxic gases, and the HEPA layer filters particles ≥0.3 μm; the superimposed design with a total thickness of 100 mm realizes gradient filtration in a limited space, with a pressure loss of only 150 Pa, a 40% reduction compared to traditional single-layer filter elements. At the same time, the modular structure supports the independent replacement of single-layer filter materials, reducing maintenance costs, and comprehensively ensuring the long-term and efficient ventilation and purification requirements of civil air defense projects.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the blower part 3 includes a blower housing 301, a blower motor 302, a blade 303, a protective grille 304, and a connecting pipe 305. The blower housing 301 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 1. The blower motor 302 is fixedly connected to the interior of the blower housing 301. The blower motor 302 is equipped with a variable frequency drive, which can achieve stepless speed regulation from 50% to 100%, with a power factor ≥0.95. The blade 303 is fixedly connected to the output end of the blower motor 302. The diameter of the blower impeller of the blade 303 is 300 mm, which is precision-cast from aluminum alloy, with a blade inclination angle of 35°. The protective grille 304 is fixedly connected to the interior of the blower housing 301, and the grid bar spacing of the protective grille 304 is 8 mm. One end of the connecting pipe 305 is fixedly connected to one end of the blower housing 301, and the other end of the connecting pipe 305 is fixedly connected to the splicing seat 404;

[0049] The blower part 3 significantly improves ventilation efficiency and reliability through the integrated design of variable frequency drive, aerodynamic optimization and safety protection: the blower motor 302 is equipped with a variable frequency drive, which supports 50% to 100% stepless speed regulation, achieving precise matching of air volume and reducing energy consumption by 30%; the aluminum alloy blade 303 with an impeller diameter of 300mm adopts a 35° blade inclination angle design, combined with a streamlined protective grille 304, which can reduce airflow resistance; the hard connection design of the connecting pipe 305 and the splicing seat 404 ensures airtightness, taking into account the risk of vibration and falling off, and overall meets the core needs of civil air defense projects for efficient, silent and long-life ventilation.

[0050] See also Figure 10 As shown, the other end of the adjustment seat 403 is divided into a horizontal insertion section 4031 and an inclined adjustment section 4032. The adjustment section 4032 contacts the outer edge of the rotating wheel 207.

[0051] The horizontal insertion section 4031 ensures precise insertion with the inside of the filter unit 2 to avoid displacement deviation; the inclined adjustment section 4032 contacts the rotating wheel 207 at a 35° slope, converts the horizontal linear displacement into the vertical movement of the sliding seat 206, and amplifies the control accuracy through the lever effect. Every 1 mm of movement corresponds to a 5° rotation of the closing plate 203, thereby improving the sensitivity of the ventilation hole opening adjustment; the inclined contact design simultaneously reduces friction loss, and combined with the buffering of the elastic extrusion part 405, it ensures the structural stability and life under long-term high-frequency operation, and ultimately achieves a dual improvement in flow precision control and mechanical reliability.

[0052] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, a docking groove 2021 is provided inside the docking plate 202, and the docking groove 2021 cooperates with the joint of the splicing seat 404. The docking groove 2021 provided inside the docking plate 202 is designed to be plug-in, so as to achieve high-precision seamless splicing with the splicing seat 404, eliminate the connection gap, and ensure air tightness; at the same time, a 0.2 mm elastic sealing ring is reserved inside the docking groove 2021, which can adapt to the micro-displacement of the splicing seat 404 caused by thermal expansion or vibration, and at the same time has both rapid disassembly and assembly and impact resistance capabilities, thereby ensuring the long-term and reliable operation of the civil air defense ventilation system under extreme working conditions.

[0053] See also Figure 2 as well as Figures 8 to 10As shown, a positioning ridge 101 is provided inside the fixed base 1. The positioning ridge 101 cooperates with the outer edge of the box body 201, so that the installation of the box body 201 is always in the middle section of the fixed base 1. The structure of the positioning ridge 101 and the outer edge of the box body 201 form a two-way self-centering effect, eliminating the risk of installation deviation; this design enables the box body 201 to maintain axial stability under vibration, impact or thermal deformation conditions, avoiding a decrease in the connection airtightness between the filtering part 2 and the air blowing part 3 due to eccentric loading. At the same time, it simplifies the maintenance operation and evenly distributes the load of the box body 201 to the entire section of the base, extending the service life of the overall structure and meeting the stringent requirements of civil air defense projects for equipment installation accuracy, anti-disturbance ability and long-term reliability.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 10 As shown, a handle 2011 is rotatably arranged outside the box body 201. Through a foldable ergonomic design, it takes into account both operation convenience and space adaptability: the handle 2011 adopts a 180° rotation structure and can fit the surface of the box body 201 in the non-use state, avoiding interference with surrounding components during handling or maintenance; anti-slip patterns and load-bearing grooves are embedded inside it, and in conjunction with the center-of-gravity distribution of the box body 201, a single person can complete the precise positioning and rapid disassembly and assembly of the box body 201; in addition, the mechanical fulcrum design of the handle 2011 can disperse the pulling stress, avoiding a decrease in sealing performance caused by the deformation of the box body 201, and significantly improving the maintenance efficiency and operation safety of the ventilation device for civil air defense projects in narrow spaces or emergency conditions.

[0055] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: When it is necessary to replace the filtering part 2 of the ventilation device, the driving motor 401 drives the rotating screw 402 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating screw 402 drives the adjustment seat 403 to slide inside the splicing seat 404, so that the adjustment seat 403 first moves out of the inside of the filtering part 2 until the adjustment seat 403 drives the splicing seat 404 to move together, causing the splicing seat 404 to be separated from the filtering part 2, and then the filtering part 2 can be pulled out of the inside of the fixed base 1, realizing the convenient separation of the filtering part 2 and the air blowing part 3;

[0056] After installing the filtering part 2 into the inside of the fixed base 1, the driving motor 401 rotates in the reverse direction to drive the rotating screw 402 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the adjustment seat 403 can drive the splicing seat 404 and the filtering part 2 to be spliced and docked. After the splicing seat 404 and the filtering part 2 are completely docked, the rotating screw 402 continues to rotate to drive the adjustment seat 403 to continue to move. At this time, the movement of the adjustment seat 403 can squeeze the elastic reset member 209, and the movement of the adjustment seat 403 can insert into the inside of the filtering part 2. The movement of the adjustment seat 403 inside the filtering part 2 can change the size of the opening inside the filtering part 2, thereby controlling the flow rate of the filtered air to achieve the best filtering effect;

[0057] Through the power of the drive motor 401, two functions can be achieved: the convenient assembly and separation of the splicing seat 404 and the filtering part 2, and the movement of the adjustment seat 403 to control the air flow rate inside the filtering part 2.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices, and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the art without special description and limitation.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed base (1), wherein a filter part (2) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed base (1), and both ends of the filter part (2) are connected to air blowing parts (3), through which external air is transported into the interior of the filter part (2), and the air is filtered in multiple stages inside the filter part (2) to remove pollution, and a locking part (4) is provided on one side of the filter part (2) and the air blowing part (3), and the locking part (4) can fixedly connect and separate the filter part (2) and the air blowing part (3), and at the same time, the locking part (4) can continue to squeeze the filter part (2) after the filter part (2) and the air blowing part (3) are connected, so as to control the flow rate of filtered air inside the filter part (2); The locking portion (4) comprises a driving motor (401), the driving motor (401) being fixedly connected to the fixed base (1), the output end of the driving motor (401) being fixedly connected to a rotating screw (402), the outer edge of the rotating screw (402) being threadedly connected to an adjusting seat (403), one end of the adjusting seat (403) being slidably connected to a splicing seat (404), the other end of the adjusting seat (403) being capable of being inserted into the interior of the filter portion (2), the interior of the splicing seat (404) being matched with the two ends of the filter portion (2), the interior of the splicing seat (404) being connected to the interior of the blowing portion (3), and an elastic extrusion member (405) being provided between the splicing seat (404) and the adjusting seat (403); The filter part (2) comprises a box body (201), a docking plate (202), a closing plate (203), a rotating gear (204), a rack (205), a sliding seat (206), a rotating wheel (207), a filter plate (208) and an elastic reset member (209); the box body (201) is arranged inside the fixed base (1); the docking plate (202) is fixedly arranged at openings at both ends of the box body (201); the closing plate (203) is rotatably arranged inside the docking plate (202); the rotating gear (204) is respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the closing plate (203); and the rack (205) is slidably arranged on the docking plate (202). and one side of the rack (205) meshes with the outer edge of the rotating gear (204); the sliding seat (206) is slidably arranged inside the docking plate (202), and the sliding seat (206) is fixedly connected to the rack (205); the rotating wheel (207) is rotatably connected to the sliding seat (206), and the outer edge of the rotating wheel (207) matches with the adjusting seat (403); the filter plate (208) is fixedly arranged inside the box body (201); one end of the elastic reset member (209) is fixedly connected to the inside of the docking plate (202), and the other end of the elastic reset member (209) contacts the sliding seat (206); The other end of the adjustment seat (403) is divided into a horizontal insertion section (4031) and an inclined adjustment section (4032), and the adjustment section (4032) is in contact with the outer edge of the rotating wheel (207).

2. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving motor (401) is a double-shaft flange-type stepping motor with a rated power of 1.5 kW, equipped with an absolute encoder and an overload protection module, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm and a repeated positioning error of ≤0.05 mm.

3. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of hexagonal ventilation holes are provided inside the docking plate (202), and the inside of the ventilation holes matches with that of the closing plate (203).

4. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (201) has a plurality of installation grooves disposed therein, the installation grooves being matched with the filter plate (208), and the filter plate (208) is provided with a stainless steel primary filter screen, an activated carbon adsorption layer and a HEPA high-efficiency filter layer in sequence therein, with a total thickness of 100 mm.

5. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blast part (3) comprises a blast housing (301), a blast motor (302), blades (303), a protective grille (304) and a connecting pipe (305); the blast housing (301) is fixedly connected to the fixed base (1); the blast motor (302) is fixedly connected to the inside of the blast housing (301); the blast motor (302) is equipped with a variable frequency drive, which can achieve 50% to 100% stepless speed regulation, a power factor ≥ 0.95, and the blades (303) are connected to the blast housing (301). The output end of the wind generator (302) is fixedly connected; the fan impeller of the blade (303) has a diameter of 300 mm and is made of aluminum alloy precision casting; the blade inclination angle is 35°; the protective grille (304) is fixedly connected to the inside of the blower housing (301); the bar spacing of the protective grille (304) is 8 mm; one end of the connecting pipe (305) is fixedly connected to one end of the blower housing (301); and the other end of the connecting pipe (305) is fixedly connected to the splicing seat (404).

6. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A docking groove (2021) is provided inside the docking plate (202), and the docking groove (2021) matches with the splicing position of the splicing seat (404).

7. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning ridge (101) is provided inside the fixed base (1), and the positioning ridge (101) matches the outer edge of the box body (201).

8. A ventilation device for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (201) is provided with a handle (2011) for rotation outside.

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