Intra-focusing intra-push scanning grating dispersion spectral imaging system and working method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of spectral imaging technology, and relates to a grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push-broom, comprising a front swing mirror assembly, a front mirror group assembly, a first folded-axis mirror assembly, a front internal focusing mirror group, a second folded-axis mirror assembly, a slit and prism assembly, a rear mirror group assembly and a detector assembly. The front swing mirror assembly is used for adjusting the light incidence angle, and the front internal focusing mirror group can compensate for the image plane drift caused by temperature changes. A return type optical path design is adopted, and the optical path folding is realized through the first folded-axis mirror assembly and the second folded-axis mirror assembly. The slit and prism assembly is used for light selection and dispersion, and the rear mirror group assembly adopts a concave grating to realize spectral imaging. The working method is as follows: light is incident through the front swing mirror, is processed through each assembly, is reflected to the optical image plane by the slit and prism assembly, and is received by the detector assembly. The present application has the advantages of compact structure, stable optical path, high imaging quality and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of spectral imaging, and in particular relates to an internally focused and internally pushed-scanned grating dispersion spectral imaging system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The advantage of hyperspectral imaging technology is that it can simultaneously acquire both the geometric and physical properties of a target. This allows for easy target detection and identification based on segmented spectral characteristics, making it valuable for applications in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, marine science, and the military. With the advancement of optical measurement methods and technologies, the field of target property measurement has gradually evolved from visible light and infrared measurement to spectral measurement.

[0003] Traditional spaceborne spectral imaging technology requires thermal control design, generally requiring the instrument's temperature to fluctuate within a range of ≤5°C to ensure clear imaging. Ground-based spectral imaging instruments also have certain operating temperature requirements. Excessively wide temperature ranges can cause the spectral imager's image plane to defocus, affecting image clarity and the optical system's transfer function.

[0004] Traditional grating dispersion hyperspectral imagers require a slit on the primary image plane of the front mirror assembly. Using an external turntable, the hyperspectral imager is pushed and scanned perpendicular to the slit to acquire hyperspectral data. This requires the hyperspectral imaging device to be mounted on a one-dimensional turntable to acquire target characteristics, significantly increasing the system's size and weight. Furthermore, with the advancement of optical measurement technology, the volume and weight of the optical payload are increasingly being reduced, requiring the optical system to achieve a more compact layout while achieving imaging quality close to the diffraction limit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push-scanning and a working method thereof, which solves the problems of poor imaging quality and non-compactness faced by existing hyperspectral imagers in a wide temperature range.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention also discloses a grating dispersion spectrum imaging system with internal focusing and internal push-scanning, comprising a detector assembly, and a front swing mirror assembly, a front mirror group assembly, a first folding mirror assembly, a front internal focusing mirror group, a second folding mirror assembly, a slit and prism assembly, and a rear mirror group assembly, which are sequentially arranged along the optical path;

[0008] The detector assembly is arranged on one side of the slit and prism assembly;

[0009] The front oscillating mirror assembly includes a front oscillating mirror and an oscillating mirror motor. The oscillating mirror motor is used to drive the front oscillating mirror to rotate. The power-on zero position of the front oscillating mirror is at a 45° angle to the main optical axis.

[0010] The main optical axes of the front oscillating mirror assembly and the first assembly of the front lens group are located on the same straight line; the main optical axes of the slit and prism assembly and the rear lens group assembly are located on the same straight line;

[0011] The first folding mirror assembly and the second folding mirror assembly both form an angle of 45° with the main optical axis, and are used to fold the optical path into a circular optical path;

[0012] Front internal focusing lens group, used to compensate for temperature changes through internal focusing.

[0013] Furthermore, the front swing mirror assembly also includes a swing mirror clamping structure and a swing mirror bracket;

[0014] The front oscillating mirror is connected to the oscillating mirror motor through the oscillating mirror clamping structure;

[0015] The swing mirror motor is mounted on the swing mirror bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, the front lens group 1 assembly includes multiple front lens groups 1 and front lens spacer rings, and the front lens groups 1 are spaced apart by adjusting the intervals between the front lens groups 1.

[0017] Furthermore, the first folding mirror assembly includes a first folding mirror, a first folding mirror support frame and a first folding mirror pressing ring; the first folding mirror is installed in the first folding mirror support frame and is tightened and fixed by the first folding mirror pressing ring.

[0018] Furthermore, the front inner focusing lens group includes a plurality of focusing lenses, a focusing motor, a focusing pinion, a focusing gear, a focusing fixing flange and a sliding lens barrel;

[0019] The focusing lens is mounted in a sliding barrel.

[0020] A sliding groove is provided on the circumference of the focusing gear; the focusing gear is fixedly connected to the sliding lens barrel through a focusing fixing flange;

[0021] The focusing motor is connected to the focusing pinion, and the focusing pinion and the focusing gear are meshed with each other. During the internal focusing movement, the focusing motor drives the focusing pinion to rotate.

[0022] Furthermore, the second folding mirror assembly includes a second folding mirror, a second folding mirror support frame and a second folding mirror pressing ring;

[0023] The second folding axis mirror is installed in the second folding axis mirror bracket frame and is tightened and fixed by the second folding axis mirror pressing ring.

[0024] Further, the slit and prism assembly includes a slit glass, a filter, and a prism;

[0025] The slit glass and the filter are fixedly connected, and the prism is bonded to the prism bonding seat.

[0026] Furthermore, the rear mirror group assembly includes multiple rear mirror groups, and the rear mirror group adopts a concave grating.

[0027] Furthermore, the swing mirror motor is connected to a controller component, which is used to control the movement of the inner push-sweep swing mirror to achieve the inner push-sweep function.

[0028] The present invention also discloses a working method of the internal focusing and internal push-scanning hyperspectral imaging system, which includes the following steps:

[0029] Light enters the imaging system from the front oscillating mirror, passes through the first component of the front lens group, and then enters the first folding mirror component. The first folding mirror component refracts the light path of the main optical axis. After folding the light path, it enters the front inner focusing lens group, and then enters the second folding mirror component through the front inner focusing lens group. The second folding mirror component refracts the light path of the main optical axis again, and after folding the light path, it passes through the slit and prism component and then enters the rear lens group component.

[0030] After being reflected by the rear mirror assembly, it returns to the slit and prism assembly after optical path multiplexing, and is reflected by the slit and prism assembly and emitted perpendicular to the main light path to the optical image plane, and is received by the detector assembly.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push-scanning, comprising a detector assembly, and a front swing mirror assembly, a front mirror group assembly, a first folding axis mirror assembly, a front internal focusing mirror group, a second folding axis mirror assembly, a slit and prism assembly, and a rear mirror group assembly arranged in sequence along the optical path; the front swing mirror assembly comprises a front swing mirror and a swing mirror motor, and the front swing mirror is capable of rotating. The use of the front swing mirror to achieve the internal scanning imaging function overcomes the defect that the traditional slit dispersion type spectrometer needs to be coupled with an external push-scan turntable to achieve push-scanning imaging. The advantage is that the addition of the front field of view swing mirror has little effect on the image quality of the spectral imaging system. In addition, during internal push-scanning imaging, the spectral imaging system is fixed and only the swing mirror needs to rotate, which can greatly reduce the rotational inertia of the system.

[0033] A front internal focusing lens group is also added to the front lens group for internal focusing design. Temperature changes will cause changes in the optical refractive index and the emission of the optical component compartment, which in turn causes the image plane position of the front objective lens to change. The internal focusing can compensate for the temperature change so that the image plane position of the front objective lens does not change, thereby realizing wide temperature range operation and achieving clear imaging in a wide temperature range of -40℃ to +55℃, breaking through the defect of the narrow working range of traditional hyperspectral imagers.

[0034] Previous spectrometers did not have folding mirrors and used a linear system, so they were long, heavy, and had low space utilization. The present invention adds two folding mirrors inside the front mirror group to fold the optical path into a circular optical path, facilitating a lightweight and compact design of the optical system and significantly reducing the volume and weight of the system.

[0035] The grating dispersion spectrum imaging system with internal focusing and internal push-scanning of the present invention adopts a modular design concept, and each optical component is integrated and installed in a box. The structure layout is compact, the engineering feasibility is strong, and it is easy to assemble and debug.

[0036] Furthermore, the precision design of the cam focusing mechanism compensates for thermal expansion and contraction of materials (such as the lens barrel and lens support structure) caused by temperature fluctuations, ensuring a stable focal length for the optical system. This overcomes the defocusing issue caused by material deformation in traditional hyperspectral imagers at extreme temperatures, enabling the device to operate stably in both cold (such as polar regions and high altitudes) and hot (such as deserts and industrial environments).

[0037] The meshing transmission of the focusing pinion and focusing gear, combined with the gear's high reduction ratio, enables precise control of minute displacements, achieving focusing resolutions down to the micron level. The design of the focusing gear's sliding groove and focusing mounting flange allows for small axial movement of the lens barrel while limiting radial offset, ensuring that the focusing direction is strictly aligned with the optical axis and avoiding aberrations.

[0038] The focusing motor directly drives the larger gear via a small gear. Combined with the leverage of a cam mechanism, it rapidly responds to temperature changes or external commands, achieving millisecond-level focusing speeds. During extreme temperature changes, the motor actively adjusts the focus. During slower temperature changes, the cam mechanism passively compensates through mechanical deformation, reducing energy consumption.

[0039] Furthermore, the rear mirror assembly utilizes concave grating dispersion spectral imaging technology, and the beam splitter utilizes optical path multiplexing. Light enters the rear mirror assembly through a prism, is reflected by the concave grating, and then returns to the rear mirror assembly before being reflected by the prism's 45-degree reflective surface to exit the detector image plane. This optical path multiplexing structure allows for miniaturized design of the beam splitter assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a grating dispersion spectrum imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another viewing direction of

[0042] Figure 3 An optical two-dimensional diagram of an internally focused and internally pushed-scanned grating dispersion spectrum imaging system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front swing mirror assembly;

[0044] Figure 5 A two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the internal components of an internally focused and internally pushed-scanned grating dispersion spectral imaging system of the present invention (excluding the detector component);

[0045] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated box;

[0046] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Another viewing direction.

[0047] 1. Front oscillating mirror assembly; 2. Front mirror group 1 assembly; 3. First folding mirror assembly; 4. Front internal focusing lens assembly; 5. Second folding mirror assembly; 6. Slit and prism assembly; 7. Rear mirror group assembly; 8. Detector assembly; 9. Controller assembly;

[0048] 11. Front oscillating mirror; 12. Swinging mirror clamping structure; 13. Swinging mirror motor; 14. Swinging mirror bracket trimming pad; 15. Swinging mirror bracket; 16. Bracket connection trimming pad;

[0049] 21. Front lens group 1; 22. Front lens group 1 frame; 23. Front lens group 1 frame pressure ring; 24. Front lens spacer ring; 25. Front lens group outer spacer ring; 26. Front lens group 1 outer pressure ring;

[0050] 31. First folding axis mirror; 32. First folding axis mirror support frame; 33. First folding axis mirror pressing ring;

[0051] 41. Focusing lens; 42. Focusing motor; 43. Focusing pinion; 44. Focusing gear; 45. Focusing fixing flange; 46. Sliding lens barrel;

[0052] 51. Second folding mirror; 52. Second folding mirror support frame; 53. Second folding mirror pressing ring;

[0053] 61. Slit glass; 62. Filter; 63. Prism;

[0054] 71. Rear lens group; 72. Rear lens group frame; 73. Rear lens group pressure ring; 74. Rear lens group spacer; 75. Rear lens group outer pressure ring; 76. Rear lens group barrel; 77. Rear lens group outer spacer;

[0055] 101. Mounting boss; 102. Inner hole; 103. Mounting platform; 104. Mounting hole; 105. Mounting seat; 106. Base; 107. Boss; 108. External mounting interface; 109. Mounting interface; 1101. Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following is a further detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. That is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0057] The components described and illustrated in the drawings and embodiments of the present invention may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents a selected embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the drawings and embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, element, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to the process, element, method, article or apparatus.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses a grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push-scanning, comprising a front oscillating mirror assembly 1, a front mirror group 1 assembly 2, a first folding mirror assembly 3, a front internal focusing mirror group 4, a second folding mirror assembly 5, a slit and prism assembly 6, a rear mirror group assembly 7, a detector assembly 8, and a controller assembly 9. Each of the above components is connected to an integrated housing 10 by screws.

[0060] In the direction of light propagation, the light is incident on the imaging system from the front oscillating mirror assembly 1, and then passes through the front lens group 1 assembly 2, the first folding mirror assembly 3, the front internal focusing lens assembly 4, the second folding mirror assembly 5, the slit and prism assembly 6, and the rear lens assembly 7. After being reflected by the rear lens assembly 7, the light returns to the slit and prism assembly 6 after optical path multiplexing. After being reflected by the slit and prism assembly 6, it is emitted perpendicular to the main optical path to the optical image plane and received by the detector assembly 8.

[0061] The power-on zero position of the front oscillating mirror assembly 1 is at a 45° angle to the main optical axis. Its primary function is to enable the hyperspectral imager's push-scan imaging function while also folding the optical path. The first and second folding mirror assemblies 3 and 5 both form a 45° angle with the main optical axis. By introducing these two folding mirror assemblies, a circular folded optical path design is achieved, minimizing the size and weight of the optical system.

[0062] like Figure 4As shown, the front oscillating mirror assembly 1 primarily comprises a front oscillating mirror 11, a oscillating mirror clamping structure 12, an oscillating mirror motor 13, an oscillating mirror bracket trimming pad 14, an oscillating mirror bracket 15, and four bracket connection trimming pads 16. The front oscillating mirror 11 is integrally connected to the oscillating mirror motor 13 via the oscillating mirror clamping structure 12, and then to the oscillating mirror bracket 15 via the oscillating mirror bracket trimming pad 14. The oscillating mirror bracket trimming pad 14 and the four bracket connection trimming pads 16 are used to adjust the spatial position and posture of the front oscillating mirror 11.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the front lens assembly 1 assembly 2 comprises three front lens assemblies 21, a front lens assembly 1 frame 22, a front lens assembly 1 frame pressure ring 23, a front lens spacer 24, a front lens assembly outer spacer 25, and a front lens assembly 1 outer pressure ring 26. The front lens assembly 1 21 comprises lenses, each of which is first installed in its own frame and compressed by the pressure ring. Each lens assembly is sequentially installed in the integrated housing 10, and the spacing between the lenses is adjusted using the front lens spacer 24. The front lens assembly outer spacer 25 is used to adjust the center distance between the front lens assembly 1 assembly 2 and the first folding mirror assembly 3.

[0064] The first folding mirror assembly 3 includes a first folding mirror 31, a first folding mirror support frame 32 and a first folding mirror pressing ring 33. The first folding mirror 31 is installed in the first folding mirror support frame 32 and is tightened and fixed by the first folding mirror pressing ring 33.

[0065] The front internal focusing lens assembly 4 first installs three focusing lenses 41 into their respective frames and secures them with pressure rings to form a focusing lens assembly. Spacers are placed between each focusing lens assembly to adjust the center spacing between the lenses. Each focusing lens assembly is then sequentially installed into a focusing barrel to form a fixed lens assembly. The front internal focusing lens assembly 4 is equipped with a focusing motor 42, a focusing pinion 43, a focusing gear 44, a focusing fixing flange 45, and a sliding barrel 46. The assembled fixed lens assembly is then installed into the sliding barrel 46, and the focusing gear 44, sliding barrel 46, and fixed lens assembly are connected to form a single unit using pin screws. The focusing gear 44 is provided with a sliding groove on its circumference. The sliding barrel 46 is screwed to the integrated housing 10. The focusing gear 44 is fixedly connected to the sliding barrel 46 via a focusing fixing flange 45. During internal focusing, the focusing motor 42 drives the focusing pinion 43 to rotate. The focusing pinion 43 and the focusing gear 44 are meshed with each other, driving the focusing gear 44 to move, and the pin screw moves through the sliding groove, and the movement of the pin screw drives the fixed lens group to move back and forth in the sliding lens barrel 46, thereby realizing the focusing function in the front lens group of the spectral imaging system.

[0066] The second folding mirror assembly 5 includes a second folding mirror 51, a second folding mirror support frame 52, and a second folding mirror pressing ring 53. The second folding mirror 51 is installed in the second folding mirror support frame 52 and is tightened and fixed by the second folding mirror pressing ring 53.

[0067] The slit and prism assembly 6 is mounted on the integrated housing 10 by screws, the slit glass 61 and the filter 62 are fixed to the frame by means of a pressing ring, the prism 63 and the prism adhesive seat are bonded by epoxy glue, and the prism adhesive seat is connected to the housing by screws, thereby fixing the above parts to the housing.

[0068] The rear lens assembly 7 utilizes a frame and pressure ring fixed structure similar to that of the front lens assembly 1 2. The rear lens assemblies 71 are sequentially installed into their respective rear lens assembly frames 72 and secured by rear lens assembly pressure rings 73. Rear lens assembly spacers 74 are used to adjust the center-to-center spacing of the optical elements between the rear lens assemblies. A rear lens assembly external pressure ring 75 secures the first three optical elements in the rear lens assembly 71, facilitating phase adjustment of the last optical element. The aforementioned lens assemblies are sequentially installed into a rear lens assembly barrel 76, which is connected to the integrated housing 10 via screws. The rear lens assembly external spacer 77 is used to adjust the center-to-center spacing between the rear lens assembly 71 and the prism 63.

[0069] The detector assembly 8 is connected to the integrated box 10 via a layer of trimming pad, and the spatial position and posture of the detector image plane are adjusted by grinding the thickness of the trimming pad.

[0070] The controller assembly 9 is connected to the integrated box 10 through a mounting flange, and is mainly used to control the movement of the inner push sweeping mirror to realize the inner push sweeping function.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, in the direction of light propagation, the light is incident on the imaging system by the front oscillating mirror 11, and then passes through the front mirror group 1 21, the first folding mirror 31 arranged at 45°, three focusing lenses 41, the second folding mirror 5 arranged at 45°, the slit glass 61, the filter 62, the prism 63, and the rear mirror group 71. After being reflected by the concave grating, the last optical element in the rear mirror group 71, the light returns to the prism 63 after optical path multiplexing in the rear mirror group 71. After being reflected by the 45° internal reflection surface of the prism 63, it is emitted perpendicular to the main light path to the optical image plane. The front mirror group 1 component 2, the first folding mirror component 3, the front internal focusing lens group 4, the second folding mirror component 5, the slit glass 61, and the filter 62 together constitute the front mirror group. The detection target is imaged at the slit of the primary image plane. The prism 63 and the rear mirror group 71 constitute a spectroscopic component, which realizes spectral spectroscopic imaging at the primary image plane on the detector image plane.

[0072] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the integrated box 10 is provided with a mounting boss 101 for mounting the front swing mirror assembly 1, an inner hole 102 for mounting the front mirror assembly 2, a mounting table 103 for mounting the first fold mirror assembly 3, a mounting hole 104 for mounting the front inner focusing mirror assembly 4, a mounting seat 105 for mounting the second fold mirror assembly 5, a base table 106 for mounting the slit and prism assembly 6, a boss 107 for mounting the detector assembly 8, an external mounting interface 108, a mounting interface 109 for mounting the rear mirror assembly 7, and a base 1101 for mounting the controller assembly 9. Each assembly adopts a modular design concept, and when integrated with the integrated box 10, each assembly is provided with a layer of trimming pad for adjusting the spatial position and attitude of each assembly.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: the specific embodiments of the present application can still be modified or replaced by the equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, any modification or equivalent replacement, which should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal pushing, characterized in that: It comprises a detector assembly (8), and a front swing mirror assembly (1), a front mirror group assembly (2), a first folding mirror assembly (3), a front internal focusing mirror assembly (4), a second folding mirror assembly (5), a slit and prism assembly (6), and a rear mirror group assembly (7) which are sequentially arranged along the optical path; The detector assembly (8) is arranged on one side of the slit and prism assembly (6); The front swing mirror assembly (1) comprises a front swing mirror (11) and a swing mirror motor (13), wherein the swing mirror motor (13) is used to drive the front swing mirror (11) to rotate; the power-on zero position of the front swing mirror (11) forms an angle of 45° with the main optical axis; The main optical axes of the front swing mirror assembly (1) and the front mirror group assembly (2) are located on the same straight line; the main optical axes of the slit and prism assembly (6) and the rear mirror group assembly (7) are located on the same straight line; The first folding mirror assembly (3) and the second folding mirror assembly (5) both form an angle of 45° with the main optical axis, and are used to fold the optical path into a circular optical path; A front internal focusing lens assembly (4) for compensating for temperature changes through internal focusing; The rear mirror assembly (7) comprises a plurality of rear mirror assemblies (71), and the rear mirror assembly (71) adopts a concave grating.

2. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front swing mirror assembly (1) further includes a swing mirror clamping structure (12) and a swing mirror bracket (15); The front swing mirror (11) is connected to the swing mirror motor (13) via the swing mirror clamping structure (12); The swing mirror motor (13) is mounted on the swing mirror bracket (15).

3. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front lens group one component (2) includes a plurality of front lens groups one (21) and a front lens spacer ring (24), and the front lens groups one (21) are spaced apart by adjusting the spacing between the front lens groups one (21) via the front lens spacer ring (24).

4. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first folding axis mirror assembly (3) comprises a first folding axis mirror (31), a first folding axis mirror support frame (32) and a first folding axis mirror pressing ring (33); the first folding axis mirror (31) is installed in the first folding axis mirror support frame (32) and is tightened and fixed by the first folding axis mirror pressing ring (33).

5. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front inner focusing lens group (4) includes a plurality of focusing lenses (41), a focusing motor (42), a focusing pinion (43), a focusing gear (44), a focusing fixing flange (45) and a sliding lens barrel (46); The focusing lens (41) is mounted in the sliding lens barrel (46). A sliding groove is provided on the circumference of the focusing gear (44); the focusing gear (44) is fixedly connected to the sliding lens barrel (46) via a focusing fixing flange (45); The focusing motor (42) is connected to the focusing pinion (43), and the focusing pinion (43) and the focusing gear (44) are meshed with each other. During the internal focusing movement, the focusing pinion (43) is driven to rotate by the focusing motor (42).

6. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second folding mirror assembly (5) comprises a second folding mirror (51), a second folding mirror support frame (52), and a second folding mirror pressing ring (53); The second folding axis mirror (51) is installed in the second folding axis mirror bracket frame (52) and is tightened and fixed by the second folding axis mirror pressing ring (53).

7. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit and prism assembly (6) includes a slit glass (61), a filter (62) and a prism (63); The slit glass (61) and the filter (62) are fixedly connected, and the prism (63) is bonded to the prism bonding seat.

8. The grating dispersion spectral imaging system with internal focusing and internal push scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing mirror motor (13) is connected to a controller component (9), and the controller component (9) is used to control the movement of the inner push sweep swing mirror to realize the inner push sweep function.

9. The operating method of the spectral imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following processes are included: The light is incident on the interior of the imaging system from the front swing mirror (11), passes through the front mirror group first component (2), and then enters the first folding mirror component (3). The first folding mirror component (3) refracts the light path of the main optical axis, and after the light path is folded, it enters the front internal focusing mirror group (4), and then enters the second folding mirror component (5) through the front internal focusing mirror group (4). The second folding mirror component (5) refracts the light path of the main optical axis again, and after the light path is folded, it passes through the slit and prism component (6) and then enters the rear mirror group component (7). After being reflected by the rear mirror assembly (7), the light is returned to the slit and prism assembly (6) after optical path multiplexing, and is reflected by the slit and prism assembly (6) and emitted perpendicularly to the main light path to the optical image plane, and is received by the detector assembly (8).

Images