Compressed air energy storage power station intelligent charging and discharging control system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and discloses an intelligent charging and discharging control system and method for a compressed air energy storage power station, and the system comprises a microcomputer unit, a central control unit, a historical data storage unit, a data monitoring instrument, and a compressed energy storage generator set. The central control unit is respectively connected with the microcomputer unit, the historical data storage unit and the data monitoring instrument, and the data monitoring instrument is also connected with the compression energy storage generator set. According to the intelligent charging and discharging control method for the compressed air energy storage power station, important index parameters of a compressed air energy storage unit in the energy storage (charging) and energy release (discharging) processes are calculated and predicted by combining an application model algorithm according to the real-time operation state, parameters and variation trend of main equipment on site; therefore, a scientific and reasonable decision-making basis is provided for power supply station management personnel and unit operation personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and in particular to an intelligent charging and discharging control system and method for a compressed air energy storage power station. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is a physical energy storage technology that uses mechanical equipment to store and transfer energy. The system operation principle follows the conversion process of electric energy-potential energy-electric energy to achieve energy storage and power generation. In the system energy storage operation stage, the electric energy is converted into the molecular potential energy of the air, that is, the macroscopic pressure potential energy is stored, and the pressure stored in the system is released in the system potential energy process to drive the turbine generator to generate electricity.

[0003] In today's compressed air energy storage field, in large-scale (300MW and above) compressed air energy storage units, there are still many deficiencies and technical gaps in how to better realize the peak load regulation, frequency regulation, capacity reserve and other aspects of the units on the power supply side, grid side and user side; how to better utilize the grid's off-peak electricity price and grid peak electricity price, so as to better realize the economy of energy storage power stations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an intelligent charging and discharging control system and method for a compressed air energy storage power station. The system calculates and predicts important index parameters of the compressed air energy storage unit in the energy storage (charging) and energy release (discharging) processes by using the real-time operating status, parameters and changing trends of the main equipment on site in combination with the application model algorithm, thereby providing a scientific and reasonable decision-making basis for power supply station managers and unit operators.

[0005] The present invention provides an intelligent charging and discharging control system for a compressed air energy storage power station, comprising a microcomputer group, a central control unit, a historical data storage unit, a data monitoring instrument and a compressed energy storage generator group, wherein the central control unit is respectively connected to the microcomputer group, the historical data storage unit and the data monitoring instrument, and the data monitoring instrument is also connected to the compressed energy storage generator group.

[0006] Furthermore, the central control unit adopts mainstream DCS system equipment for components, including DPU, IO modules, and switches. The central control unit interacts with the data monitoring instrument through a built-in data acquisition subsystem, collects information from the compressed energy storage generator set, calculates it using an algorithm preset in the system, and then enables equipment operators to operate and monitor it through human-computer interaction.

[0007] Furthermore, the operation process of the compressed energy storage generator set is as follows:

[0008] When the power grid compresses and stores energy during off-peak hours, an electric motor is used to drive the compressor to work, compressing the air in the atmosphere and releasing heat when the air is compressed. At this time, the compressed air is cooled and heat-exchanged by the low-temperature medium in the low-temperature container. The high-temperature medium after heat exchange enters the high-temperature container for storage. The cooled compressed air is cooled and separated from the air and water, and then enters the gas storage container for storage. When it is necessary to transmit electric energy to the power grid, a high-pressure air pipeline is led out from the compressed air storage chamber and connected to the air turbine generator through a pipeline to generate electricity.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for intelligent charging and discharging control of a compressed air energy storage power station. Based on the intelligent charging and discharging control system of the compressed air energy storage power station as described above, the method comprises:

[0010] S1, the central control unit collects the operating data of the compressed energy storage generator set monitored in real time by the data monitoring instrument;

[0011] S2, the central control unit calculates the operating data using a preset algorithm to obtain parameters of a charging plan, parameters of a discharging plan, and charging and discharging parameters;

[0012] S3. Displaying the parameters of the charging plan, the parameters of the discharging plan and the charging and discharging parameters through the microcomputer group so that the equipment operator can operate and monitor.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the parameters of the charging plan include the chargeable amount, the chargeable time, and the assessed electricity price;

[0014] The chargeable amount is: the total chargeable amount minus the amount charged this time; wherein the total chargeable amount is the total power of the electric energy consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process;

[0015] The rechargeable time is: the time from now on until the compressed air storage chamber reaches the energy storage limit; wherein the energy storage limit is the gas storage pressure limit of the gas storage container;

[0016] The evaluated electricity price is: through the system's built-in timing or clock synchronization device, the preset power grid peak period, peak period, normal period, and valley period electricity price are intelligently analyzed and judged and displayed, and the real-time electricity price or electricity price coefficient is displayed on the intelligent charging and discharging system at different times of the day and in different seasons.

[0017] Furthermore, the calculation method of the rechargeable time is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, T 可充 The time required for gas storage; M maxM is the maximum gas mass that the gas storage container can hold. max =

[0020] Maximum volume of gas storage container × (upper limit of gas storage container pressure - lower limit of gas storage container pressure); M 剩余 M is the mass of the remaining gas in the gas storage container. 剩余 = maximum volume of gas storage container × (current operating gas storage container pressure value - lower limit of gas storage container pressure); F is the air intake flow of the compressor unit.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, the parameters of the discharge plan include the dischargeable amount, the dischargeable duration, and the evaluated electricity price, and the evaluated electricity price is the same as that in the charging plan parameters;

[0022] The dischargeable amount is: the total amount of electricity that can be sent out by the remaining compressed air volume in the current gas storage container, and its calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, M 剩余 = volume of gas storage container × density difference, density difference = upper limit density value of gas storage container - lower limit density value of gas storage container. The current density of the gas storage container is obtained by querying the corresponding density value in the NIST database corresponding to the current container pressure and container temperature.

[0025] Furthermore, in the evaluated electricity price, the time intervals of peak period, peak period, normal period and off-peak period in each month of the year are preset, as well as the electricity price ratios of peak period, peak period, normal period and off-peak period are preset to form an evaluated electricity price table; in the evaluated electricity price table, the electricity price ratio of each time period fluctuates based on the market-based electricity purchase price of each electricity user, and the electricity price ratio of the agent electricity purchasing user fluctuates based on the agent electricity purchase price.

[0026] Further, the charging and discharging parameters include intelligent charging and discharging power, current charging power, current charged power, maximum chargeable power, current power generation power, maximum power generation power, internal pressure of gas storage container, plant power consumption rate, last energy storage duration, last energy release duration, monthly energy storage times, monthly energy release times, annual energy storage times, power consumption of compressor unit during energy storage process, plant power consumption during energy storage process, maximum power of compressor unit during energy storage process, power generation during energy release process, online power during energy release process, plant power consumption during energy release process, and maximum power during energy release process;

[0027] The intelligent charging and discharging capacity is: the maximum capacity delivered by the compressed energy storage generator set to the power grid, which is represented by a battery model in the intelligent charging and discharging system. When the unit is in the compressed energy storage mode, the battery capacity will gradually increase until it reaches the maximum limit; when the unit is in the power generation and energy storage mode, the battery capacity will gradually decrease until it reaches the minimum limit; intelligent charging and discharging capacity = (current power generation power × current available power generation time) ÷ maximum available power generation;

[0028] The current charging power is calculated based on the real-time operating power consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process; the real-time operating power is measured and transmitted by the equipment meter;

[0029] The amount of power charged this time is: the accumulated value of the current charging power in unit time;

[0030] The maximum chargeable power is: the total power of the turbine corresponding to the maximum gas capacity allowed by the gas storage free volume, which is a fixed value established by actual measured data;

[0031] The current power generation is: the real-time power of the current power generation equipment, which is transmitted to the EMS system through the actual power collection equipment;

[0032] The maximum power that can be generated is: the maximum instantaneous power that can be generated by the energy storage generator set under the current number of gas storage container pipeline interfaces, and its actual value increases with the increase in the number of container pipeline interfaces;

[0033] The internal pressure of the gas storage container is: measured and transmitted according to the container pressure measuring device;

[0034] The plant power consumption rate is: through the real-time data transmission of the electrical power of the high-voltage distribution device of the compressed air energy storage power station booster station, real-time or cumulative calculation and display; its calculation formula is:

[0035]

[0036] The last energy storage duration is: based on a single charge and discharge, the duration from the time the compressor fills the compressed air storage container to the time the compressor is unloaded to the time the outlet valve of the storage container is closed is calculated;

[0037] The last energy release duration is: based on a single charge and discharge, the duration from the start of air intake of the air turbine generator to the closing of the main air intake valve of the air turbine generator is calculated;

[0038] The monthly energy storage times are: taking the start of the compressor unit to the compressed air storage container as data support, as one energy storage process, counting the energy storage times within one month;

[0039] The monthly energy release frequency is: based on the air intake of the air turbine generator, as one energy release process, the energy release frequency in one month is counted;

[0040] The annual energy storage times are: based on the monthly energy storage times, the annual energy storage times are counted;

[0041] The power consumption of the compressor unit during the energy storage process is: the power consumed by running the compressor unit from the start of energy storage to the end of energy storage;

[0042] The power consumption of the plant during the energy storage process is: the power consumed by the plant from the start of energy storage to the end of energy storage;

[0043] The maximum power of the compressor unit during the energy storage process: the maximum power of the compressor unit during the energy storage process, which is calculated through background data and has a fixed algorithm block preset;

[0044] The amount of electricity generated during the energy release process is: the amount of electricity generated during a single energy release process is accumulated, calculated through background data, and a fixed algorithm block is preset;

[0045] The amount of electricity online during the energy release process is: the amount of electricity delivered to the power grid during the energy release process, calculated through background data, and a fixed algorithm block is preset;

[0046] The power consumption of the plant during the energy release process is: the power consumption of the plant during a single energy release process is accumulated, calculated through background data, and a fixed algorithm block is preset;

[0047] The maximum power during the energy release process is: the maximum power of the unit during a single energy release process, which is calculated through background data and has a fixed algorithm block preset.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] Since the compressed air energy storage unit technology is still in the research and development stage, and how to better realize the intelligent charging and discharging of the unit is an important part of the production and operation of the unit (power station), the algorithm models of the medium and large compressed air energy storage units designed in the present invention are all based on the operating data of real compressed air energy storage units (units above 300MW). The developed intelligent charging and discharging system makes the charging and discharging process of the entire equipment concrete, and integrates and displays the important parameters in the whole process through the algorithm model, which improves the operating efficiency of the entire unit and simplifies the judgment process in operation, providing reliable data guidance for the operating personnel to make real judgments on the operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent charging and discharging control system of the compressed air energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the control structure of the intelligent charging and discharging system of the compressed energy storage generator set in the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the intelligent charging and discharging control method of the compressed air energy storage power station in the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the charge and discharge plan in the present invention.

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of starting and stopping the energy storage and release in the present invention.

[0055] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0057] The control strategy of the present invention is based on the independently developed intelligent charging and discharging system applied to the compressed energy storage generator set. Its main function is to calculate and predict the important index parameters of the compressed air energy storage unit in the energy storage (charging) and energy release (discharging) process through the real-time operating status, parameters and changing trends of the main equipment on site, combined with the application model algorithm, so as to provide scientific and reasonable decision-making basis for power supply station managers and unit operators.

[0058] The present invention provides an intelligent charging and discharging control system for a compressed air energy storage power station. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a microcomputer group, a central control unit, a historical data storage unit, a data monitoring instrument and a compressed energy storage generator group. The central control unit is respectively connected to the microcomputer group, the historical data storage unit, and the data monitoring instrument, and the data monitoring instrument is also connected to the compressed energy storage generator group.

[0059] 1. Operation instructions of compression energy storage generator set

[0060] When the power grid compresses and stores energy during off-peak hours, the motor drives the compressor to work and compress the air in the atmosphere. Heat is released when the air is compressed. The low-temperature medium in the low-temperature container is used to cool and exchange heat with the compressed air. The high-temperature medium after heat exchange enters the high-temperature container for storage. The cooled compressed air is cooled and separated from the air and water before entering the gas storage container for storage. When it is necessary to transmit electricity to the power grid, the high-pressure air pipeline is led out from the compressed air storage room (salt cave, artificial cave, etc.) and connected to the air turbine generator through a pipeline to generate electricity.

[0061] 2. Central Control Unit

[0062] The central control unit is the core equipment of the intelligent charging and discharging of the compressed air energy storage unit. Its main hardware equipment can be assembled using mainstream DCS (distributed control system) system equipment. Its main components are DPU (distributed processing unit), IO modules (read or send different types of electrical signals or digital signals respectively), switches (for communication between different controllers and operating stations) and other equipment. The central control unit exchanges information with the on-site equipment detection instruments through the built-in data acquisition system, collects data from on-site equipment, calculates the preset algorithm in the intelligent charging and discharging system, and then enables the equipment operator to operate and monitor through human-computer interaction.

[0063] 3. Intelligent charging and discharging system for compressed energy storage generator sets

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the intelligent charging and discharging system of the compressed energy storage generator set uses human-machine interaction (HMI) to embody the important parameters of the unit in the process of energy storage (charging) and energy release (discharging). It is mainly composed of microcomputers, displays, switches, industrial-grade programmable controllers\distributed controllers and other equipment. The unit equipment operation (decision-making) personnel operate and monitor the intelligent charging and discharging system through the microcomputer display and mouse and keyboard.

[0065] 4. Charging and discharging strategy of intelligent charging and discharging system of compressed energy storage generator set

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for intelligent charging and discharging control of a compressed air energy storage power station. Based on the intelligent charging and discharging control system of the compressed air energy storage power station as described above, the method includes:

[0067] S1, the central control unit collects the operating data of the compressed energy storage generator set monitored in real time by the data monitoring instrument;

[0068] S2, the central control unit calculates the operating data using a preset algorithm to obtain parameters of a charging plan, parameters of a discharging plan, and charging and discharging parameters;

[0069] S3. Displaying the parameters of the charging plan, the parameters of the discharging plan and the charging and discharging parameters through the microcomputer group so that the equipment operator can operate and monitor.

[0070] Charge and discharge plan:

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the parameters of the charging plan include the chargeable amount, the chargeable time, and the assessed electricity price, and the parameters of the discharging plan include the dischargeable amount, the dischargeable time, and the assessed electricity price;

[0072] The chargeable amount is: the total chargeable amount minus the amount charged this time; the total chargeable amount is the total power consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process;

[0073] The rechargeable time is: the time from now on until the compressed air storage chamber reaches the energy storage limit; wherein the energy storage limit is the gas storage pressure limit of the gas storage container; the calculation method is:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, T 可充 The time required for gas storage; M max M is the maximum gas mass that the gas storage container can hold. max =

[0076] Maximum volume of gas storage container × (upper limit of gas storage container pressure - lower limit of gas storage container pressure); M 剩余 M is the mass of the remaining gas in the gas storage container. 剩余 = maximum volume of gas storage container × (current operating gas storage container pressure value - lower limit of gas storage container pressure); F is the air intake flow of the compressor unit.

[0077] The dischargeable amount is: the total amount of electricity that can be sent out by the remaining compressed air volume in the current gas storage container, and its calculation formula is:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, M 剩余 = volume of gas storage container × density difference, density difference = upper limit density value of gas storage container - lower limit density value of gas storage container. The current density of the gas storage container is obtained by querying the corresponding density value in the NIST database corresponding to the current container pressure and container temperature.

[0080] Evaluation of electricity price: refers to the parameter that uses the system's built-in timing or clock synchronization device to intelligently analyze and judge the preset power grid peak period (electricity price), peak period (electricity price), normal period (electricity price), and valley period (electricity price). Its main feature is that it can display real-time electricity prices or electricity price coefficients on the intelligent charging and discharging system at different times of the day and in different seasons, and according to Figure 5 Perform intelligent start and stop as shown.

[0081] The time-of-use electricity price is based on the market-based electricity purchase price of each power user (the proxy electricity purchase user is based on the proxy electricity purchase price), and the line loss costs of the on-grid link are involved in the floating. The medium- and long-term market transaction plan is implemented in accordance with relevant regulations for time-based contracts. For example, the electricity price ratio of peak, peak, normal, and off-peak periods in ordinary months is 1.8:1.49:1:0.48. In the peak electricity consumption months in summer and winter (July and August in summer, December and January in winter), the floating ratio of electricity prices during peak periods is adjusted from 1.8 to 2, and the floating ratio of electricity prices during off-peak periods is adjusted from 0.48 to 0.45.

[0082] For example: On September 2, the basic electricity price is 1, the peak electricity price is 1.8, the peak electricity price is 1.49, the normal electricity price is 1, and the off-peak electricity price is 0.48.

[0083] Then, the charging and discharging plan is generated based on the parameters such as the chargeable amount and charging time of the intelligent charging and discharging system to form an evaluation electricity price table:

[0084]

[0085] 5. Main parameters of the intelligent charging and discharging system interface of the compressed energy storage generator set

[0086] 1) Electricity price evaluation: This parameter uses the system's built-in timing or clock synchronization device to intelligently analyze and judge the preset power grid peak period (electricity price), peak period (electricity price), normal period (electricity price), and valley period (electricity price). Its main feature is that it can display real-time electricity prices or electricity price coefficients on the intelligent charging and discharging system at different times of the day and in different seasons.

[0087] 2) Intelligent charging and discharging capacity (%): Intelligent charging and discharging capacity is the maximum amount of electricity that the compressed energy storage generator set can deliver to the grid. It is represented by a battery model in the intelligent charging and discharging system. When the unit is in the compressed energy storage mode, the battery capacity will gradually increase until it reaches the maximum limit; when the unit is in the power generation and energy storage mode, the battery capacity will gradually decrease until it reaches the minimum limit.

[0088] Smart charging and discharging power = (current power generation × current power generation duration) ÷ maximum power generation (MWh)

[0089] 3) Current charging power (MW): calculated based on the real-time operating power consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process; the real-time operating power is measured and transmitted through the equipment meter.

[0090] 4) The amount of electricity charged this time (MWh): The amount of electricity charged this time refers to the accumulated value of the current charging power per unit time.

[0091] 5) Remaining chargeable capacity (MWh): The remaining chargeable capacity refers to the total chargeable capacity minus the current charged capacity (the total chargeable capacity is the total power consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process).

[0092] 6) Remaining charging time (h): The remaining charging time refers to the time from now until the compressed energy storage container (salt cavern, artificial cavern, etc.) reaches the energy storage limit (gas storage pressure limit of the gas storage container).

[0093] The calculation method is:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, T 可充 The time required for gas storage; M max M is the maximum gas mass that the gas storage container can hold. max =

[0096] Maximum volume of gas storage container × (upper limit of gas storage container pressure - lower limit of gas storage container pressure); M 剩余 M is the mass of the remaining gas in the gas storage container. 剩余 = maximum volume of the gas storage container × (current operating gas storage container pressure value - lower limit of gas storage container pressure); F is the air intake flow of the compressor unit (detected and transmitted on site at the same time).

[0097] 7) Maximum chargeable power: The maximum chargeable power refers to the total power of the turbine generator corresponding to the maximum gas capacity allowed by the gas storage (usually expressed in pressure range). It is a fixed value established by actual measured data.

[0098] 8) Current power generation: Current power generation refers to the real-time power of the current power generation equipment, which is transmitted to the EMS system through the actual power collection equipment.

[0099] 9) Remaining power generation capacity: Remaining power generation capacity refers to the total amount of electricity that can be output by the remaining compressed air volume in the current gas storage container (generally using the gas storage container pressure as a reference value).

[0100]

[0101] Among them, M 剩余 = volume of gas storage container × density difference, density difference = upper limit density value of gas storage container - lower limit density value of gas storage container. The current density of the gas storage container is obtained by querying the corresponding density value in the NIST database corresponding to the current container pressure and container temperature.

[0102] 10) Maximum power: refers to the maximum instantaneous power (load power) that the energy storage generator can send under the current number of gas storage container pipeline interfaces (wellheads). Its value is directly related to the number of energy storage container pipeline interfaces. Its actual value increases with the increase in the number of container pipeline interfaces.

[0103] 11) Gas storage container internal pressure: measured and transmitted according to the container pressure measuring equipment.

[0104] 12) Plant power consumption rate: Real-time or cumulative calculation and display are performed through real-time data transmission of the electrical power of the high-voltage distribution device of the compressed air energy storage power station booster station.

[0105]

[0106] 13) Last energy storage duration (h): Based on a single charge and discharge, calculate the time from the time the compressor injects (charges) gas into the compressed air storage container to the time the compressor is unloaded to the time the outlet valve of the gas storage container is closed as the last energy storage duration.

[0107] 14) Last energy release duration (h): Based on a single charge and discharge, calculate the time from the start of air intake of the air turbine generator to the closing of the main intake valve of the air turbine generator as the last energy release duration.

[0108] 15) Monthly energy storage times: The start-up of the compressor unit to the compressed air storage container is used as data support, as an energy storage process, and the energy storage times within one month are counted.

[0109] 16) Monthly energy release times: Based on the air intake of the air turbine generator, as an energy release process, the energy release times within one month are counted.

[0110] 17) Annual energy storage times: Based on the monthly energy storage times, the annual energy storage times are counted.

[0111] 18) Power consumption of compressor unit during energy storage process (MW): the power consumed by running the compressor unit from the start to the end of energy storage.

[0112] 19) Plant electricity consumption during energy storage process (MW): the electricity consumed by the plant from the start to the end of energy storage.

[0113] 20) Maximum power of the compressor unit during energy storage (MW): The maximum power of the compressor unit during energy storage, calculated through background data, with a fixed algorithm block.

[0114] 21) Power generation during energy release (MW): The power generation during a single energy release is accumulated and calculated through background data with a fixed algorithm block.

[0115] 22) Electricity connected to the grid during energy release (MW): The amount of electricity delivered to the grid during the energy release process is accumulated and calculated through background data with a fixed algorithm block.

[0116] 23) Plant power consumption during energy release (MW): The plant power consumption is accumulated during a single energy release process and is calculated through background data with a fixed algorithm block.

[0117] 24) Maximum power during energy release (MW): The maximum power of the unit during a single energy release process, calculated through background data, with a fixed algorithm block.

[0118] The algorithm model of the large-scale compressed air energy storage unit designed in this invention is all based on the operating data of the real compressed air energy storage unit (units above 300MW). The developed intelligent charging and discharging system makes the charging and discharging process of the entire equipment concrete, and integrates and displays the important parameters in the whole process through the algorithm model, which improves the operating efficiency of the whole unit and simplifies the judgment process in operation, providing reliable data guidance for the operator to make real judgments on the operation of the equipment.

[0119] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0120] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent charging and discharging control system for a compressed air energy storage power station, characterized in that: It includes a microcomputer group, a central control unit, a historical data storage unit, a data monitoring instrument and a compressed energy storage generator group. The central control unit is respectively connected to the microcomputer group, the historical data storage unit, and the data monitoring instrument. The data monitoring instrument is also connected to the compressed energy storage generator group.

2. The intelligent charge and discharge control system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control unit adopts mainstream DCS system equipment as components, including DPU, IO module, and switch. The central control unit exchanges information with the data monitoring instrument through the built-in data acquisition subsystem, collects information from the compressed energy storage generator set, calculates it using the algorithm preset in the system, and then enables the equipment operator to operate and monitor it through human-computer interaction.

3. The intelligent charge and discharge control system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The operation process of the compressed energy storage generator set is as follows: When the power grid compresses and stores energy during off-peak hours, an electric motor is used to drive the compressor to work, compressing the air in the atmosphere and releasing heat when the air is compressed. At this time, the compressed air is cooled and heat-exchanged by the low-temperature medium in the low-temperature container. The high-temperature medium after heat exchange enters the high-temperature container for storage. The cooled compressed air is cooled and separated from the air and water, and then enters the gas storage container for storage. When it is necessary to transmit electric energy to the power grid, a high-pressure air pipeline is led out from the compressed air storage chamber and connected to the air turbine generator through a pipeline to generate electricity.

4. A method for intelligent charging and discharging control of a compressed air energy storage power station, characterized in that: Based on the intelligent charging and discharging control system of a compressed air energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprises: S1, the central control unit collects the operating data of the compressed energy storage generator set monitored in real time by the data monitoring instrument; S2, the central control unit calculates the operating data using a preset algorithm to obtain parameters of a charging plan, parameters of a discharging plan, and charging and discharging parameters; S3. Displaying the parameters of the charging plan, the parameters of the discharging plan and the charging and discharging parameters through the microcomputer group so that the equipment operator can operate and monitor.

5. The intelligent charging and discharging control method of a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the parameters of the charging plan include the chargeable amount, the chargeable time, and the assessed electricity price; The chargeable amount is: the total chargeable amount minus the amount charged this time; wherein the total chargeable amount is the total power of the electric energy consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process; The rechargeable time is: the time from now on until the compressed air storage chamber reaches the energy storage limit; wherein the energy storage limit is the gas storage pressure limit of the gas storage container; The evaluated electricity price is: through the system's built-in timing or clock synchronization device, the preset power grid peak period, peak period, normal period, and valley period electricity price are intelligently analyzed and judged and displayed, and the real-time electricity price or electricity price coefficient is displayed on the intelligent charging and discharging system at different times of the day and in different seasons.

6. The intelligent charging and discharging control method of a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The calculation method of the rechargeable time is: Among them, T 可充 The time required for gas storage; M max M is the maximum gas mass that the gas storage container can hold. max = Maximum volume of gas storage container × ( Gas storage container pressure upper limit - gas storage container pressure lower limit ) ;M 剩余 M is the mass of the remaining gas in the gas storage container. 剩余 = Maximum volume of gas storage container × ( Current operating gas storage container pressure value - gas storage container pressure lower limit ) ; F is the air intake flow of the compressor unit.

7. The intelligent charging and discharging control method of a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S2, the parameters of the discharge plan include the dischargeable amount, the dischargeable duration, and the assessed electricity price, and the assessed electricity price is the same as that in the charging plan parameters; The dischargeable amount is: the total amount of electricity that can be sent out by the remaining compressed air volume in the current gas storage container, and its calculation formula is: Among them, M 剩余 = volume of gas storage container × density difference, density difference = upper limit density value of gas storage container - lower limit density value of gas storage container. The current density of the gas storage container is obtained by querying the corresponding density value in the NIST database corresponding to the current container pressure and container temperature.

8. The intelligent charging and discharging control method of a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In the evaluated electricity price, the time intervals of the peak period, peak period, normal period and valley period in each month of the year are preset, as well as the electricity price ratios of the peak period, peak period, normal period and valley period are preset to form an evaluated electricity price table; In the evaluation electricity price table, the electricity price ratio for each period is floated based on the market-based electricity purchase price of each electricity user, and the electricity price ratio for proxy electricity purchase users is floated based on the proxy electricity purchase price.

9. The intelligent charging and discharging control method of a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The charging and discharging parameters include intelligent charging and discharging power, current charging power, current charged power, maximum chargeable power, current power generation power, maximum power generation power, internal pressure of gas storage container, plant power consumption rate, last energy storage duration, last energy release duration, monthly energy storage times, monthly energy release times, annual energy storage times, power consumption of compressor unit during energy storage, plant power consumption during energy storage, maximum power of compressor unit during energy storage, power generation during energy release, online power during energy release, plant power consumption during energy release, and maximum power during energy release; The intelligent charging and discharging capacity is: the maximum capacity delivered by the compressed energy storage generator set to the power grid, which is represented by a battery model in the intelligent charging and discharging system. When the unit is in the compressed energy storage mode, the battery capacity will gradually increase until it reaches the maximum limit; when the unit is in the power generation and energy storage mode, the battery capacity will gradually decrease until it reaches the minimum limit; intelligent charging and discharging capacity = (current power generation power × current available power generation time) ÷ maximum available power generation; The current charging power is calculated based on the real-time operating power consumed by the compressor during the energy storage process; the real-time operating power is measured and transmitted by the equipment meter; The amount of power charged this time is: the accumulated value of the current charging power in unit time; The maximum chargeable power is: the total power of the turbine corresponding to the maximum gas capacity allowed by the gas storage free volume, which is a fixed value established by actual measured data; The current power generation is: the real-time power of the current power generation equipment, which is transmitted to the EMS system through the actual power collection equipment; The maximum power that can be generated is: the maximum instantaneous power that can be generated by the energy storage generator set under the current number of gas storage container pipeline interfaces, and its actual value increases with the increase in the number of container pipeline interfaces; The internal pressure of the gas storage container is: measured and transmitted according to the container pressure measuring device; The plant power consumption rate is: through the real-time data transmission of the electrical power of the high-voltage distribution device of the compressed air energy storage power station booster station, real-time or cumulative calculation and display; its calculation formula is: The last energy storage duration is: based on a single charge and discharge, the duration from the time the compressor fills the compressed air storage container to the time the compressor is unloaded to the time the outlet valve of the storage container is closed is calculated; The last energy release duration is: based on a single charge and discharge, the duration from the start of air intake of the air turbine generator to the closing of the main air intake valve of the air turbine generator is calculated; The monthly energy storage times are: taking the start of the compressor unit to the compressed air storage container as data support, as one energy storage process, counting the energy storage times within one month; The monthly energy release frequency is: based on the air intake of the air turbine generator, as one energy release process, the energy release frequency in one month is counted; The annual energy storage times are: based on the monthly energy storage times, the annual energy storage times are counted; The power consumption of the compressor unit during the energy storage process is: the power consumed by running the compressor unit from the start of energy storage to the end of energy storage; The power consumption of the plant during the energy storage process is: the power consumed by the plant from the start of energy storage to the end of energy storage; The maximum power of the compressor unit during the energy storage process: the maximum power of the compressor unit during the energy storage process, which is calculated through background data and has a fixed algorithm block preset; The amount of electricity generated during the energy release process is: the amount of electricity generated during a single energy release process is accumulated, calculated through background data, and a fixed algorithm block is preset; The amount of electricity online during the energy release process is: the amount of electricity delivered to the power grid during the energy release process, calculated through background data, and a fixed algorithm block is preset; The power consumption of the plant during the energy release process is: the power consumption of the plant during a single energy release process is accumulated, calculated through background data, and a fixed algorithm block is preset; The maximum power during the energy release process is: the maximum power of the unit during a single energy release process, which is calculated through background data and has a fixed algorithm block preset.

Images