Photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight, which belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic array control, and comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring design and layout of a photovoltaic array, and determining a component structure of the photovoltaic array; step 2, acquiring corresponding detection equipment, and acquiring illumination intensity and spectral information of the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time; step 3, acquiring a photovoltaic module inclination angle and a deflection angle of the photovoltaic array, and determining a tracking angle and a tracking speed; 4, analyzing and predicting the change trend of the sunlight according to an artificial intelligence algorithm, and obtaining the working efficiency of the photovoltaic array; and step 5, adjusting a control strategy of the photovoltaic array in real time according to the working efficiency, and realizing control of the photovoltaic array. The problems that the control cost is increased due to the fact that a photovoltaic array control method needs a large number of sensors and actuators to assist work, meanwhile, the real-time performance of obtained illumination intensity and spectral information data is poor, and the adjustment accuracy and control reliability of the array are reduced are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic array control, and in particular to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change and energy shortage problems become increasingly serious, the application of renewable energy has received more and more attention.

[0003] However, traditional photovoltaic array control methods usually require a large number of additional sensors and actuators to assist in the work, resulting in increased control costs. At the same time, the acquired light intensity and spectral information data have poor real-time performance, and it is impossible to analyze the data in real time and control the photovoltaic array. Furthermore, traditional control methods do not involve obtaining the working efficiency of the array based on the changing trend of sunlight, which reduces the adjustment accuracy of the array and the reliability of control.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that a large number of additional sensors and actuators are needed to assist the work, resulting in increased control costs. At the same time, the real-time performance of the acquired light intensity and spectral information data is poor, and it is impossible to analyze the data in real time and control the photovoltaic array. Furthermore, the traditional control method does not involve obtaining the working efficiency of the array according to the changing trend of sunlight, which reduces the defects of the adjustment accuracy of the array and the reliability of control.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight, comprising: Step 1: Obtain the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, and determine the component structure of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array; Step 2: Obtain corresponding detection equipment according to the component structure, and obtain light intensity and spectrum information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to the detection equipment; Step 3: Obtain the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity and spectrum information, and determine the tracking angle and speed in combination with the adaptive tracking algorithm; Step 4: Analyze and predict the change trend of sunlight according to the artificial intelligence algorithm, and obtain the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the change trend; Step 5: According to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components and in combination with the tracking angle and speed, the control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time to achieve control of the photovoltaic array.

[0007] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, the design and layout of the photovoltaic array are obtained, and the component structure of the photovoltaic array is determined according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, including: Obtaining a design and layout of a photovoltaic array, and determining a size and shape of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array; Obtaining the type of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array, and determining the power requirement of the photovoltaic array according to the type; Determining a connection method between components according to power requirements of the photovoltaic array; The component structure of the photovoltaic array is determined according to the size and shape of the photovoltaic array and the connection method between the components.

[0008] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, a corresponding detection device is obtained according to the component structure, and light intensity and spectrum information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel are obtained in real time according to the detection device, including: Identify various types of photovoltaic modules and their characteristics according to the photovoltaic module identification algorithm; Determine the performance parameters and fault characteristics of PV modules based on the characteristics and structure of PV modules; Acquire corresponding detection equipment according to the performance parameters and fault characteristics of the photovoltaic module; Acquire the spectral distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic panel surface according to the detection device, and determine the spectral information of the photovoltaic panel surface according to the spectral distribution characteristics; The resistance change of the detection device is obtained, and the light intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the resistance change.

[0009] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array are obtained according to the light intensity and spectrum information, and the tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with an adaptive tracking algorithm, including: Obtaining a light intensity value according to the light intensity, and determining the absorption and loss degree of light in each band of the photovoltaic array according to the spectral information; Obtaining the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity value, the absorption and loss degree of light in each band; The corresponding adaptive tracking algorithm is determined according to the inclination and deflection angles of the photovoltaic modules, and the sunlight tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with weather conditions.

[0010] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, the absorption and loss degree of light in each band of the photovoltaic array are determined according to spectral information, including: Acquiring material and component type information of the photovoltaic array, and determining environmental parameters of the photovoltaic array according to the material and component type information; Determine a spectrometer according to the environmental parameters, and obtain absorption spectrum data of the photovoltaic array in different bands; Analyzing the spectral data, drawing a spectral absorption curve according to the analysis results, and determining the absorption of light in each band by the photovoltaic array according to the spectral absorption curve; Obtain the loss of photons during transmission, and determine the degree of light loss of the photovoltaic array in each band based on the loss; The layout and material selection of the photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the absorption and loss of light in each band by the photovoltaic array.

[0011] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, the change trend of sunlight is analyzed and predicted according to an artificial intelligence algorithm, and the working efficiency of photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array is obtained according to the change trend, including: Acquire meteorological data and preprocess the data, and perform feature extraction on the preprocessed data according to deep learning technology; Construct a feature matrix of meteorological data based on the extracted features; Use machine learning algorithms to build prediction models, and combine them with the characteristic matrix of meteorological data to analyze and predict the changing trend of sunlight; The working parameters of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the predicted sunlight variation trend, and the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array after the adjustment is obtained.

[0012] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, the control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components and in combination with the tracking angle and speed to achieve control of the photovoltaic array, including: Determining the working state of the photovoltaic array according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components; Determining factors affecting component operating efficiency according to the operating status of the photovoltaic array; The control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time according to the influencing factors and combined with the sunlight tracking angle and speed to achieve control of the photovoltaic array.

[0013] According to a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by the present invention, before obtaining the light intensity and spectrum information of the photovoltaic panel surface in real time according to the detection device, the method further includes: Determine multiple pre-installation positions of the detection device according to the component structure, and obtain position parameters of each pre-installation position; Determine the static wind load parameters and dynamic wind load fixed parameters of each pre-installation position according to the position parameters and the installation posture of the photovoltaic array; Determine the installation firmness requirement index of the detection equipment at each pre-installation position according to the static wind load parameters and the dynamic wind load fixing parameters; Determine the functional relationship for fixing the detection equipment on the surface of the photovoltaic panel without falling off according to the installation firmness requirement index; Determine key structural parameters of the fixture of the detection equipment according to the functional relationship, and determine the coverage area of ​​the fixture on the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the key structural parameters; Determine the influencing factor of photovoltaic panel lighting according to the coverage area, and determine the lighting compensation parameter based on the influencing factor; Determine a plurality of fixed postures of the detection device at a fixed position based on the daylighting compensation parameter and the relative position relationship between the detection device and the fixing device; The detection equipment is installed at a fixed position in each fixed posture, and the parameters of the photovoltaic panel surface are detected by the detection equipment; Determine data discontinuity and data repeatability according to the detection results, and select the best fixed posture with the best data detection performance according to the data discontinuity and data repeatability; The medium limiting component and direction fine-tuning component of the fixing device are designed according to the optimal fixing posture, and the fixing device is processed and produced.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The light intensity and spectral information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel are obtained through monitoring equipment, and the tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with an adaptive tracking algorithm, the changing trend of sunlight is predicted, and the control strategy is adjusted according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic array. No additional large number of sensors and actuators are required to assist the work, thereby reducing the control cost. At the same time, the obtained light intensity and spectral information data are highly real-time, and the data can be analyzed in real time to control the photovoltaic array. Furthermore, the working efficiency of the array can be obtained according to the changing trend of sunlight, ensuring the accuracy of adjustment of the array and the reliability of control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of determining the component structure of a photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1: An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method mainly includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, and determine the component structure of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array; Step 2: Obtain corresponding detection equipment according to the component structure, and obtain light intensity and spectrum information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to the detection equipment; Step 3: Obtain the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity and spectrum information, and determine the tracking angle and speed in combination with the adaptive tracking algorithm; Step 4: Analyze and predict the change trend of sunlight according to the artificial intelligence algorithm, and obtain the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the change trend; Step 5: According to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components and in combination with the tracking angle and speed, the control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time to achieve control of the photovoltaic array.

[0019] In this embodiment, the design and layout of the photovoltaic array refers to the process of designing and arranging photovoltaic panels on the roof of a building or in an open space, etc., which involves selecting the appropriate component type, determining the best direction and orientation, installation location, and how to integrate the individual panels into an efficient solar power generation system.

[0020] In this embodiment, the component structure of the photovoltaic array refers to the basic elements constituting a single photovoltaic component and their mutual relationships in a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0021] In this embodiment, the spectral information of the photovoltaic panel surface refers to the spectral characteristics of the photovoltaic panel surface reflection or absorption, including: light absorption coefficient, band distribution, and surface structure.

[0022] In this embodiment, the detection device may be: a photoresistor.

[0023] In this embodiment, the light intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel refers to the total amount of light energy received per unit area per unit time.

[0024] In this embodiment, the sunlight tracking angle refers to the angle formed from the horizon to a certain point in the sky when sunlight propagates above the earth's surface.

[0025] In this embodiment, the control strategies of the photovoltaic array include: maximum power point tracking and constant voltage.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: obtaining the light intensity and spectral information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel through monitoring equipment, and combining the adaptive tracking algorithm to determine the tracking angle and speed, predicting the changing trend of sunlight, and adjusting the control strategy according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic array. No additional large number of sensors and actuators are required to assist the work, thereby reducing the control cost. At the same time, the obtained light intensity and spectral information data are highly real-time, and the data can be analyzed in real time to control the photovoltaic array. Furthermore, the working efficiency of the array can be obtained according to the changing trend of sunlight, ensuring the accuracy of adjustment of the array and the reliability of control.

[0027] Embodiment 2: Based on Example 1, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, and determines the component structure of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, including: S01: Obtaining a design and layout of a photovoltaic array, and determining a size and shape of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array; S02: Obtain the type of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array, and determine the power requirement of the photovoltaic array according to the type; S03: Determine a connection method between components according to the power requirement of the photovoltaic array; S04: Determine the component structure of the photovoltaic array according to the size and shape of the photovoltaic array and the connection method between the components.

[0028] In this embodiment, the design and layout of the photovoltaic array refers to the process of designing and arranging photovoltaic panels on the roof of a building or in an open space, etc., which involves selecting the appropriate component type, determining the best direction and orientation, installation location, and how to integrate the individual panels into an efficient solar power generation system.

[0029] In this embodiment, the types of photovoltaic panels include: single-glass panels, multi-glass panels, and thin-film panels.

[0030] In this embodiment, the power requirement of the photovoltaic array refers to the minimum power level required when using the solar photovoltaic panel to generate the required electrical energy in a specific environment.

[0031] In this embodiment, the connection modes between components include: parallel connection, series connection, and mixed connection.

[0032] In this embodiment, the component structure of the photovoltaic array refers to the basic elements constituting a single photovoltaic component and their mutual relationships in a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: obtaining the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, determining the component structure of the photovoltaic array based on the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, and selecting the most suitable detection equipment to ensure the accuracy and precision of the monitoring data.

[0034] Embodiment 3: Based on Example 2, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the corresponding detection equipment according to the component structure, and obtains the light intensity and spectrum information of the photovoltaic panel surface in real time according to the detection equipment, including: Identify various types of photovoltaic modules and their characteristics according to the photovoltaic module identification algorithm; Determine the performance parameters and fault characteristics of PV modules based on the characteristics and structure of PV modules; Acquire corresponding detection equipment according to the performance parameters and fault characteristics of the photovoltaic module; Acquire the spectral distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic panel surface according to the detection device, and determine the spectral information of the photovoltaic panel surface according to the spectral distribution characteristics; The resistance change of the detection device is obtained, and the light intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the resistance change.

[0035] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module recognition algorithm is a technology that automatically recognizes the properties of photovoltaic modules by performing image processing and analysis on the photovoltaic modules, such as a module recognition method based on grayscale clustering and a module recognition method based on deep learning.

[0036] In this embodiment, the characteristics of the photovoltaic module include: photoelectric conversion efficiency, energy density, and responsiveness.

[0037] In this embodiment, the performance parameters of the photovoltaic module include: photoelectric conversion efficiency, output power, open circuit voltage, and short circuit current.

[0038] In this embodiment, the fault characteristics of the photovoltaic module include: reduced or fluctuating output power, abnormal heating, increased noise, and damage to the module surface.

[0039] In this embodiment, the spectral distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic panel surface refer to the proportion of light reflected or absorbed by the photovoltaic panel within different wavelength ranges.

[0040] In this embodiment, the spectral information of the photovoltaic panel surface refers to the spectral characteristics of the photovoltaic panel surface reflection or absorption, including: light absorption coefficient, band distribution, and surface structure.

[0041] In this embodiment, the detection device may be: a photoresistor.

[0042] In this embodiment, the light intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel refers to the total amount of light energy received per unit area per unit time.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: obtaining corresponding detection equipment according to the photovoltaic module structure, obtaining the light intensity and spectral information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time, ensuring the real-time nature of the data information, and adjusting and controlling the photovoltaic panel in a targeted manner based on this information to ensure the reliability of the control results and the control process.

[0044] Embodiment 4: Based on Example 3, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity and spectrum information, and determines the tracking angle and speed in combination with the adaptive tracking algorithm, including: Obtaining a light intensity value according to the light intensity, and determining the absorption and loss degree of light in each band of the photovoltaic array according to the spectral information; Obtaining the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity value, the absorption and loss degree of light in each band; The corresponding adaptive tracking algorithm is determined according to the inclination and deflection angles of the photovoltaic modules, and the sunlight tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with weather conditions.

[0045] In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array refers to the angle at which the photovoltaic components face the sun when they are installed on the ground.

[0046] In this embodiment, the deflection angle of the photovoltaic array refers to the angle at which the photovoltaic assembly is directed toward the sun when the photovoltaic assembly is installed on the ground, so as to maximize the efficiency of the solar cell panel.

[0047] In this embodiment, the adaptive tracking algorithm refers to an algorithm that can automatically adjust parameters or behaviors according to environmental changes.

[0048] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: the inclination and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array are obtained according to the light intensity and spectral information, and the tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with the adaptive tracking algorithm, so that the photovoltaic array can achieve maximum power point tracking under different lighting conditions and achieve the best power generation effect.

[0049] Embodiment 5: Based on Example 4, the embodiment of the present invention determines the absorption and loss degree of light in each band of the photovoltaic array according to the spectral information, including: Acquiring material and component type information of the photovoltaic array, and determining environmental parameters of the photovoltaic array according to the material and component type information; Determine a spectrometer according to the environmental parameters, and obtain absorption spectrum data of the photovoltaic array in different bands; Analyzing the spectral data, drawing a spectral absorption curve according to the analysis results, and determining the absorption of light in each band by the photovoltaic array according to the spectral absorption curve; Obtain the loss of photons during transmission, and determine the degree of light loss of the photovoltaic array in each band based on the loss; The layout and material selection of the photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the absorption and loss of light in each band by the photovoltaic array.

[0050] In this embodiment, materials of the photovoltaic array include: silicon wafer, glass, and coating material.

[0051] In this embodiment, the types of components of the photovoltaic array include: monocrystalline silicon components, polycrystalline silicon components, and organic photovoltaic components.

[0052] In this embodiment, the environmental parameters of the photovoltaic array include: temperature, humidity, and air pressure.

[0053] In this embodiment, the different wavebands may be: visible light, near infrared, mid infrared, and far infrared.

[0054] In this embodiment, the spectral absorption curve is a graph that describes the absorption characteristics of a material to light of different wavelengths.

[0055] In this embodiment, the photon loss in the transmission process includes: reflection loss, transmission loss, scattering loss and absorption loss.

[0056] In this embodiment, adjusting the layout of the photovoltaic array may be adjusting the angle of the array.

[0057] In this embodiment, the material of the photovoltaic array may be adjusted by selecting a material with a high absorption rate.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: determining the absorption and loss of light in each band of the photovoltaic array based on spectral information, thereby adjusting the layout and material selection of the photovoltaic array, being able to more accurately understand the spectral characteristics and performance of the photovoltaic modules, and being able to intelligently adjust the control strategy according to different lighting conditions and environmental factors.

[0059] Embodiment 6: Based on Example 5, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes and predicts the change trend of sunlight according to an artificial intelligence algorithm, and obtains the working efficiency of photovoltaic components of a photovoltaic array according to the change trend, including: Acquire meteorological data and preprocess the data, and perform feature extraction on the preprocessed data according to deep learning technology; Construct a feature matrix of meteorological data based on the extracted features; Use machine learning algorithms to build prediction models, and combine them with the characteristic matrix of meteorological data to analyze and predict the changing trend of sunlight; The working parameters of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the predicted sunlight variation trend, and the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array after the adjustment is obtained.

[0060] In this embodiment, the deep learning technology can be: long-term and short-term convolutional neural network.

[0061] In this embodiment, the feature matrix of meteorological data is a structured method for representing meteorological observation data.

[0062] In this embodiment, the prediction model can predict the changing trends of photovoltaic module efficiency and sunlight at different time points.

[0063] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic assembly operating parameters include: the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic assembly, adjusting the number and arrangement of the photovoltaic arrays, and adjusting the position and angle of the reflectors or lenses of the photovoltaic arrays.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: analyzing and predicting the changing trend of sunlight according to the artificial intelligence algorithm, obtaining the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the changing trend, and timely obtaining the changing trend of the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array, and adjusting the control strategy in real time according to these data to maximize the efficiency and stability of photovoltaic power generation.

[0065] Embodiment 7: Based on Example 6, the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the control strategy of the photovoltaic array in real time according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module and in combination with the tracking angle and speed to achieve control of the photovoltaic array, including: Determining the working state of the photovoltaic array according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components; Determining factors affecting component operating efficiency according to the operating status of the photovoltaic array; The control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time according to the influencing factors and combined with the sunlight tracking angle and speed to achieve control of the photovoltaic array.

[0066] In this embodiment, the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module refers to the efficiency of the photovoltaic module in converting solar energy into electrical energy.

[0067] In this embodiment, the working state of the photovoltaic array is to continuously and automatically receive and convert solar energy. Each photovoltaic module contains some batteries and electronic devices that can capture photons from the sun and convert them into direct current electricity.

[0068] In this embodiment, factors affecting the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module include: light intensity, temperature, dust and pollution.

[0069] In this embodiment, the speed of sunlight refers to the speed of light when it propagates in a vacuum.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sunlight tracking angle refers to the angle formed from the horizon to a certain point in the sky when sunlight propagates above the earth's surface.

[0071] In this embodiment, the control strategies of the photovoltaic array include: maximum power point tracking and constant voltage.

[0072] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: determining the factors affecting the working efficiency of the components through the working status of the photovoltaic array, and adjusting the control strategy of the photovoltaic array in real time in combination with the sunlight tracking angle and speed, which can ensure the reliability of the photovoltaic array control and improve the efficiency and stability of photovoltaic power generation.

[0073] Embodiment 8: Based on Example 7, before obtaining the light intensity and spectrum information of the photovoltaic panel surface in real time according to the detection device, the embodiment of the present invention further includes: Determine multiple pre-installation positions of the detection device according to the component structure, and obtain position parameters of each pre-installation position; Determine the static wind load parameters and dynamic wind load fixed parameters of each pre-installation position according to the position parameters and the installation posture of the photovoltaic array; Determine the installation firmness requirement index of the detection equipment at each pre-installation position according to the static wind load parameters and the dynamic wind load fixing parameters; Determine the functional relationship for fixing the detection equipment on the surface of the photovoltaic panel without falling off according to the installation firmness requirement index; Determine key structural parameters of the fixture of the detection equipment according to the functional relationship, and determine the coverage area of ​​the fixture on the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the key structural parameters; Determine the influencing factor of photovoltaic panel lighting according to the coverage area, and determine the lighting compensation parameter based on the influencing factor; Determine a plurality of fixed postures of the detection device at a fixed position based on the daylighting compensation parameter and the relative position relationship between the detection device and the fixing device; The detection equipment is installed at a fixed position in each fixed posture, and the parameters of the photovoltaic panel surface are detected by the detection equipment; Determine data discontinuity and data repeatability according to the detection results, and select the best fixed posture with the best data detection performance according to the data discontinuity and data repeatability; The medium limiting component and direction fine-tuning component of the fixing device are designed according to the optimal fixing posture, and the fixing device is processed and produced.

[0074] In this embodiment, the installation location parameters of the detection device include: the location coordinates of the device, the installation height of the device, and the surrounding environment of the device.

[0075] In this embodiment, the installation posture of the photovoltaic array generally refers to the orientation and tilt angle of the photovoltaic array on the ground or on the surface of a building.

[0076] In this embodiment, the static wind load parameter refers to the wind pressure value at a specific installation location, such as wind speed and wind pressure.

[0077] In this embodiment, the dynamic wind load fixed parameters refer to the static wind load parameters under specific time or conditions, which are used to calculate and evaluate the bearing capacity of the detection equipment in strong winds, such as: wind load duration, maximum wind load, and wind load standard deviation.

[0078] In this embodiment, the installation firmness requirement index is an indicator for measuring installation requirements in different regions, different detection equipment and different installation scenarios.

[0079] In this embodiment, the key structural parameters of the fixture of the detection equipment refer to parameters that have a significant impact on the stability and reliability of the detection equipment, including: fixing method, fixing position, fixing strength, and fixing stability.

[0080] In this embodiment, the factors affecting the lighting of the photovoltaic panel may be: weather conditions and geographical location.

[0081] In this embodiment, the lighting compensation parameter of the photovoltaic panel refers to an indicator for supplementing the lighting by using additional artificial light sources on cloudy days or in weak lighting conditions, including: an illumination compensation coefficient, a temperature compensation coefficient, and a lighting time compensation coefficient.

[0082] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: the medium limiting component and direction fine-tuning component of the fixing device are designed according to the best fixing posture with the best performance, and the fixing device is processed and produced, which can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data on the spectral information and light intensity of the photovoltaic panel surface.

[0083] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Obtain the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, and determine the component structure of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array; Step 2: Obtain corresponding detection equipment according to the component structure, and obtain light intensity and spectrum information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to the detection equipment; Step 3: Obtain the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity and spectrum information, and determine the tracking angle and speed in combination with the adaptive tracking algorithm; Step 4: Analyze and predict the change trend of sunlight according to the artificial intelligence algorithm, and obtain the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the change trend; Step 5: According to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components and in combination with the tracking angle and speed, the control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time to achieve control of the photovoltaic array.

2. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining a design and layout of a photovoltaic array, and determining a component structure of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array, including: Obtaining a design and layout of a photovoltaic array, and determining a size and shape of the photovoltaic array according to the design and layout of the photovoltaic array; Obtaining the type of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array, and determining the power requirement of the photovoltaic array according to the type; Determining a connection method between components according to power requirements of the photovoltaic array; The component structure of the photovoltaic array is determined according to the size and shape of the photovoltaic array and the connection method between the components.

3. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: Acquire corresponding detection equipment according to the component structure, and acquire light intensity and spectrum information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to the detection equipment, including: Identify various types of photovoltaic modules and their characteristics according to the photovoltaic module identification algorithm; Determine the performance parameters and fault characteristics of PV modules based on the characteristics and structure of PV modules; Acquire corresponding detection equipment according to the performance parameters and fault characteristics of the photovoltaic module; Acquire the spectral distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic panel surface according to the detection device, and determine the spectral information of the photovoltaic panel surface according to the spectral distribution characteristics; The resistance change of the detection device is obtained, and the light intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the resistance change.

4. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic array are obtained according to the light intensity and spectrum information, and the tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with the adaptive tracking algorithm, including: Obtaining a light intensity value according to the light intensity, and determining the absorption and loss degree of light in each band of the photovoltaic array according to the spectral information; Obtaining the inclination angle and deflection angle of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the light intensity value, the absorption and loss degree of light in each band; The corresponding adaptive tracking algorithm is determined according to the inclination and deflection angles of the photovoltaic modules, and the sunlight tracking angle and speed are determined in combination with weather conditions.

5. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the absorption and loss of light in each band of the photovoltaic array based on spectral information, including: Acquiring material and component type information of the photovoltaic array, and determining environmental parameters of the photovoltaic array according to the material and component type information; Determine a spectrometer according to the environmental parameters, and obtain absorption spectrum data of the photovoltaic array in different bands; Analyze the spectral data, draw a spectral absorption curve according to the analysis results, and determine the absorption of light in each band by the photovoltaic array according to the spectral absorption curve; Obtain the loss of photons during transmission, and determine the degree of light loss of the photovoltaic array in each band based on the loss; The layout and material selection of the photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the absorption and loss of light in each band by the photovoltaic array.

6. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: Analyze and predict the changing trend of sunlight according to the artificial intelligence algorithm, and obtain the working efficiency of photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array according to the changing trend, including: Acquire meteorological data and preprocess the data, and perform feature extraction on the preprocessed data according to deep learning technology; Construct a feature matrix of meteorological data based on the extracted features; Use machine learning algorithms to build prediction models, and combine them with the characteristic matrix of meteorological data to analyze and predict the changing trend of sunlight; The working parameters of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the predicted sunlight variation trend, and the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic array after the adjustment is obtained.

7. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components and in combination with the tracking angle and speed, the control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time to achieve control of the photovoltaic array, including: Determining the working state of the photovoltaic array according to the working efficiency of the photovoltaic components; Determining factors affecting component operating efficiency according to the operating status of the photovoltaic array; The control strategy of the photovoltaic array is adjusted in real time according to the influencing factors and combined with the sunlight tracking angle and speed to achieve control of the photovoltaic array.

8. The photovoltaic array control method for adaptively tracking sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before obtaining the light intensity and spectrum information on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to the detection device, it also includes: Determine multiple pre-installation positions of the detection device according to the component structure, and obtain position parameters of each pre-installation position; Determine the static wind load parameters and dynamic wind load fixed parameters of each pre-installation position according to the position parameters and the installation posture of the photovoltaic array; Determine the installation firmness requirement index of the detection equipment at each pre-installation position according to the static wind load parameters and the dynamic wind load fixing parameters; Determine the functional relationship for fixing the detection equipment on the surface of the photovoltaic panel without falling off according to the installation firmness requirement index; Determine key structural parameters of the fixture of the detection equipment according to the functional relationship, and determine the coverage area of ​​the fixture on the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the key structural parameters; Determine the influencing factor of photovoltaic panel lighting according to the coverage area, and determine the lighting compensation parameter based on the influencing factor; Determine a plurality of fixed postures of the detection device at a fixed position based on the daylighting compensation parameter and the relative position relationship between the detection device and the fixing device; The detection equipment is installed at a fixed position in each fixed posture, and the parameters of the photovoltaic panel surface are detected by the detection equipment; Determine data discontinuity and data repeatability according to the detection results, and select the best fixed posture with the best data detection performance according to the data discontinuity and data repeatability; The medium limiting component and direction fine-tuning component of the fixing device are designed according to the optimal fixing posture, and the fixing device is processed and produced.

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