A constant temperature and humidity chamber control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of constant temperature and humidity chambers, and specifically to a constant temperature and humidity chamber control method, comprising the following steps: S1, designing a constant temperature and humidity system, and controlling mode conversion by changing the polarity of an electric current based on the Peltier effect, wherein the modes include cooling and heating. When in use, the present invention saves components compared to traditional constant temperature and humidity products, thereby saving costs. The humidification and dehumidification rates and intensities are dynamically adjusted according to changes in humidity data, thereby improving the stability of humidity fluctuations within a preset range, optimizing the control strategy, and ensuring that a temperature difference within ±0.5°C is considered stable. This method not only improves the accuracy of temperature control, but also avoids over-adjustment and energy waste. When approaching the target temperature and humidity, low power adjustment of non-critical equipment is selected, thereby achieving the effects of energy saving and improving system stability, thereby improving the adaptability, efficiency, and reliability of the constant temperature and humidity system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of constant temperature and humidity chambers, and in particular to a constant temperature and humidity chamber control method. Background Art

[0002] A constant temperature and humidity chamber is a type of laboratory equipment used to control temperature and humidity conditions. It is widely used in scientific research, manufacturing, quality inspection, and other fields. It can provide a stable and adjustable environment to meet the strict temperature and humidity requirements of different experiments or tests.

[0003] The patent application number is CN202210479014.0, which states in the specification that "This application relates to the technical field of constant temperature and humidity chambers, and discloses a method for controlling a constant temperature and humidity chamber, including: obtaining the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber; when the temperature inside the chamber meets the steady-state condition, determining the target speed value according to the current speed value of the external fan; adjusting the speed value of the external fan to the target speed value. The temperature change in the constant temperature and humidity chamber is used to determine whether the current operation of the constant temperature and humidity chamber has reached stability. When it is determined that the constant temperature and humidity chamber is operating stably, the speed of the external fan is adjusted to reduce noise. Specifically, according to the current speed value of the external fan, it is determined that it will not affect The target speed value for the stable operation of the constant temperature and humidity chamber. Therefore, while ensuring the steady-state operation of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the noise can be reduced by adjusting the speed of the external fan. There is no need to add a new noise reduction device to reduce the failure rate of the constant temperature and humidity chamber. The present application also discloses a device for controlling a constant temperature and humidity chamber, a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and a storage medium. Although the above technology can reduce noise, increase the service life of the equipment and reduce the failure rate while ensuring the steady-state operation of the constant temperature and humidity chamber by accurately controlling the speed of the external fan, during the operation of the above technology, the temperature and humidity control system often requires multiple hardware to work simultaneously, resulting in high power consumption, which is not conducive to energy saving.

[0004] In summary, developing a constant temperature and humidity chamber control method is still a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the field of constant temperature and humidity chamber technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that although the above-mentioned technology can reduce noise, increase the service life of the equipment and reduce the failure rate while ensuring the steady-state operation of the constant temperature and humidity chamber by precisely controlling the speed of the external fan, during the operation of the above-mentioned technology, the temperature and humidity control system often requires multiple hardware to work simultaneously, resulting in high power consumption and not conducive to energy saving.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a constant temperature and humidity chamber control method, comprising the following steps: S1, designing a constant temperature and humidity system, and controlling mode conversion by changing the polarity of current based on the Peltier effect, wherein the modes include cooling and heating;

[0008] S2. Collect temperature and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber through sensors, and monitor changes in temperature and humidity in cooling and heating modes in real time;

[0009] S3. According to the changes in humidity data, the constant temperature and humidity system is controlled to perform corresponding dehumidification and humidification work;

[0010] S4. According to the preset temperature conditions of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber is adjusted by controlling the direction of the current;

[0011] S5. Perform intelligent analysis and optimization based on changes in temperature and humidity data during adjustment.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, a constant temperature and humidity system is designed. Based on the Peltier effect, the mode conversion is controlled by changing the polarity of the current. The modes include cooling and heating. The method is as follows:

[0013] The refrigeration compressor, evaporator, and air heater in traditional constant temperature and humidity products are replaced with semiconductor refrigerators, and the dehumidifier and water tank heater are replaced with water-cooled semiconductor refrigerators. Two conductors made of different materials are connected to form a galvanic couple. The Peltier effect achieves temperature regulation by absorbing heat at the cold end of the galvanic couple and releasing heat at the hot end when current passes through the two semiconductors of different materials. By reversing the direction of the current, the functions of the cold and hot ends are interchanged, thus achieving both cooling and heating modes. The Peltier effect and temperature regulation formula are as follows: Where Z represents the total thermal effect caused by current and temperature difference, is the thermoelectric coefficient, β is the thermal conductivity, ΔT is the temperature difference between the two ends, I is the current intensity, ΔT 2 is the square of the temperature difference, C VB is the DC voltage, X thermo is the thermal resistance of the semiconductor, It represents the amount of heat transferred per unit time.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature data and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber are collected by sensors, and the method for real-time monitoring of the changes in temperature and humidity in the cooling mode and the heating mode is as follows:

[0015] Data is collected through sensors, including PT100 temperature sensor and DHT22 humidity sensor. The collected temperature and humidity data are processed in real time by Arduino microcontroller. The temperature and humidity data are calibrated and filtered. The temperature and humidity changes in the box are monitored based on the temperature and humidity data. The target temperature is N target , target humidity is M target , filtering processing formula: Where α is the time constant of the filter, s is the Laplace transform variable, and A(s) is the transfer function of the system.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature data and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber are collected by sensors, and the method for real-time monitoring of the changes in temperature and humidity in the cooling mode and the heating mode is as follows:

[0017] The need to switch operating modes is determined based on temperature and humidity changes. In cooling mode, the temperature gradually decreases and the humidity increases. In heating mode, the temperature increases and the humidity decreases. Real-time temperature and humidity data are transmitted via any communication protocol such as UART, I2C, or SPI for real-time monitoring and adjustment. The judgment formula is: Where ΔN represents the current temperature N current With the target temperature N target The difference between the two, ΔM represents the current humidity M current and target humidity M target The difference between them, when ΔN>∈ N And ΔM>∈ M Switch working mode when N is the threshold of temperature deviation, ∈ M is the humidity deviation threshold.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, according to the change of humidity data, the method for controlling the constant temperature and humidity system to perform the corresponding dehumidification and humidification operations is as follows:

[0019] The user sets the upper and lower humidity thresholds. Humidification starts when the humidity falls below 40% RH, and dehumidification starts when it exceeds 70% RH. During dehumidification, a water-cooled semiconductor cooler uses the Peltier effect to lower the cold-end temperature below the air dew point, thereby achieving water vapor condensation. During humidification, the polarity of the DC voltage of the water-cooled semiconductor cooler is changed to heat the water in the humidification tank of the constant temperature and humidity chamber. As the water temperature rises, the water vapor evaporates, achieving the purpose of humidification. The humidity change formula is:

[0020] in is the ratio of the temperature change rate to the humidity change rate, χ represents the linear influence of humidity change on temperature adjustment, δ represents the influence of temperature difference change on humidity adjustment, N dew Indicates the temperature at which water vapor in the air begins to condense. The humidity threshold control formula is: Among them, M current Represents the current humidity value. G′ means dehumidification mode is activated, and G″ means humidification mode is activated.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, according to the change of humidity data, the method for controlling the constant temperature and humidity system to perform the corresponding dehumidification and humidification operations is as follows:

[0022] Both the dehumidification and humidification processes are subject to real-time feedback from sensors, and the operation intensity is dynamically adjusted according to actual humidity changes. At the same time, the humidification and dehumidification rates are adjusted, and temperature and humidity protection are implemented. Humidity data and operation logs are recorded, and humidity control strategies are analyzed and optimized, with dynamic adjustment formulas. in is the mass flow rate of moisture during the humidification process, is a function of the humidification process, ∈ M′ is the humidification efficiency, ΔN current is the current temperature difference, is the cooling power, is the mass flow rate of moisture during the dehumidification process, is a function of the dehumidification process, is the dehumidification efficiency, ΔN current is the current temperature difference, is the heating power.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, according to the preset temperature condition of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the method for adjusting the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber by controlling the direction of the current is:

[0024] The temperature data collected from the constant temperature and humidity chamber in real time by a PT100 temperature sensor is compared with the user-set target temperature. By calculating the temperature difference, it is determined whether the current direction needs to be adjusted to perform either heating or cooling operations. A PID control algorithm is used to smoothly adjust the temperature. Closed-loop control is implemented by real-time monitoring of temperature data. When the temperature is higher than the user-set target temperature, cooling mode is activated; when the temperature is lower than the user-set target temperature, the current direction is reversed to activate heating mode. The expression of the PID control algorithm is: Where u(t′) is the control output, e(t′) is the error, K p is the proportional gain, K i is the integral gain, K d′ is the differential gain, is the integral of the error, is the derivative of the error.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S4, according to the preset temperature condition of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the method for adjusting the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber by controlling the direction of the current is:

[0026] By dynamically adjusting the PID parameter model, the response time and the balance of the reaction force are optimized. If the temperature difference is less than the tolerance range of ±0.5°C, the temperature is considered to be stable. At the same time, there is an over-temperature and under-temperature protection mechanism, and the PID parameters are optimized through an adaptive algorithm. The control strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the past temperature data, and the PID parameter model expression is dynamically adjusted: where K p (t′) is a time-dependent function, is the reference value of the proportional gain, is the adjustment coefficient of the proportional gain as the error changes, e(t′) is the current error, K i (t′) is the dynamically changing integral gain, is the reference value of the integral gain, is a coefficient that controls the effect of the error integral on the gain, represents the error integral from the start time to the current time t′, K d′ (t′) is the dynamically changing differential gain, is the reference value of the differential gain, is the differential gain adjustment coefficient, is the rate of change of error.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S5, the method for performing intelligent analysis and optimization based on the changes in temperature data and humidity data during adjustment is:

[0028] By calculating the difference between the temperature and humidity data and the target values, it intelligently selects any operating mode of heating, cooling, humidification, or dehumidification. When the temperature data exceeds the user-preset target value, it selects to start either cooling or heating mode based on the humidity data. At the same time, the error of the humidity data from the user-preset target value determines whether to start either humidification or dehumidification mode. When the temperature and humidity data fluctuate at the same time, a balanced control strategy is adopted to achieve synchronous adjustment of the heating, cooling, humidification, and dehumidification modes. The intelligent selection formula is: Where L(t″) is the state vector at time t″, L(t″+1) is the state at the next time t″+1, Q is the matrix of the linear relationship from the current state to the next state, W is the control matrix, and φ(t″) is the control input vector at time t″.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S5, the method for performing intelligent analysis and optimization based on the changes in temperature data and humidity data during adjustment is:

[0030] The PID control algorithm combines proportional, integral, and differential terms to adjust the operating mode in real time. At the same time, adaptive adjustment and machine learning algorithms are used to optimize the control strategy and continuously learn the fluctuation patterns of temperature and humidity data. Furthermore, fuzzy control is used to make intelligent decisions to handle temperature and humidity adjustment requirements under uncertain and complex situations. Temperature and humidity coupling control is used to coordinate the temperature and humidity adjustment process, selecting low-power adjustment for non-critical equipment when approaching the user's preset target temperature and humidity. The expression formula for fuzzy control and intelligent decision-making is as follows: where γ N (∈N) is the fuzzy membership function of temperature error, γ M (∈M) is the fuzzy membership function of humidity error.

[0031] Beneficial effects

[0032] Compared with the known public technology, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] Compared to traditional constant temperature and humidity products, this invention saves on components and contributes to cost savings. It dynamically adjusts the humidification and dehumidification rates and intensities based on humidity data, improving the stability of humidity fluctuations within a preset range. It also optimizes the control strategy to ensure that temperature differences within ±0.5°C are considered stable. This not only improves temperature control accuracy but also avoids over-adjustment and energy waste. When approaching the target temperature and humidity, it selects low-power adjustments for non-critical equipment, achieving energy savings and improving system stability. This improves the adaptability, efficiency, and reliability of the constant temperature and humidity system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a constant temperature and humidity chamber control method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0038] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Example:

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a constant temperature and humidity chamber control method, comprising the following steps: S1, designing a constant temperature and humidity system, and controlling mode conversion by changing the polarity of the current based on the Peltier effect, wherein the modes include cooling and heating;

[0041] Furthermore, in step S1, a constant temperature and humidity system is designed, and the mode conversion is controlled by changing the polarity of the current based on the Peltier effect. The modes include cooling and heating. The method is as follows:

[0042] The refrigeration compressor, evaporator, and air heater in traditional constant temperature and humidity products are replaced with semiconductor refrigerators, and the dehumidifier and water tank heater are replaced with water-cooled semiconductor refrigerators. Two conductors made of different materials are connected to form a galvanic couple. The Peltier effect achieves temperature regulation by absorbing heat at the cold end of the galvanic couple and releasing heat at the hot end when current passes through the two semiconductors of different materials. By reversing the direction of the current, the functions of the cold and hot ends are interchanged, thus achieving both cooling and heating modes. The Peltier effect and temperature regulation formula are as follows: Where Z represents the total thermal effect caused by current and temperature difference, is the thermoelectric coefficient, β is the thermal conductivity, ΔT is the temperature difference between the two ends, I is the current intensity, ΔT 2 is the square of the temperature difference, C VB is the DC voltage, X thermo is the thermal resistance of the semiconductor, It represents the amount of heat transferred per unit time;

[0043] In this embodiment, the refrigeration compressor, evaporator, and air heater in traditional constant temperature and humidity products are replaced with a semiconductor cooler. The dehumidifier and water tank heater are replaced with a water-cooled semiconductor cooler, water pump, humidification tank, and other hardware components. This reduces the number of components compared to traditional constant temperature and humidity products. The Peltier effect achieves cooling or heating based on the thermal effect of current passing through semiconductors of different materials. When current flows through a semiconductor material, heat is absorbed at the cold end and released at the hot end. This temperature difference allows for temperature regulation, optimizing energy efficiency while improving the device's response speed and accuracy, resulting in lower energy consumption and greater control flexibility.

[0044] S2. Collect temperature and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber through sensors, and monitor changes in temperature and humidity in cooling and heating modes in real time;

[0045] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature data and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber are collected by sensors, and the method for real-time monitoring of the changes in temperature and humidity in the cooling mode and the heating mode is as follows:

[0046] Data is collected through sensors, including PT100 temperature sensor and DHT22 humidity sensor. The collected temperature and humidity data are processed in real time by Arduino microcontroller. The temperature and humidity data are calibrated and filtered. The temperature and humidity changes in the box are monitored based on the temperature and humidity data. The target temperature is N target , target humidity is M target , filtering processing formula: Where α is the time constant of the filter, s is the Laplace transform variable, and A(s) is the transfer function of the system.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature data and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber are collected by sensors, and the method for real-time monitoring of the changes in temperature and humidity in the cooling mode and the heating mode is as follows:

[0048] The need to switch operating modes is determined based on temperature and humidity changes. In cooling mode, the temperature gradually decreases and the humidity increases. In heating mode, the temperature increases and the humidity decreases. Real-time temperature and humidity data are transmitted via any communication protocol such as UART, I2C, or SPI for real-time monitoring and adjustment. The judgment formula is: Where ΔN represents the current temperature N current With the target temperature N target The difference between the two, ΔM represents the current humidity M current and target humidity M target The difference between them, when ΔN>∈ N And ΔM>∈ M Switch working mode whenN is the threshold of temperature deviation, ∈ M is the threshold of humidity deviation;

[0049] In this embodiment, a microcontroller processes the collected temperature and humidity data in real time, calibrating and filtering it to ensure data accuracy. This filtering helps reduce the impact of noise, enabling more accurate monitoring of temperature and humidity changes. Operating modes are switched based on temperature and humidity fluctuations. When temperature and humidity data deviate from preset targets, the system transmits data in real time via a communication protocol, switching modes and adjusting them to ensure that the temperature and humidity remain within the preset range. This improves the accuracy of temperature and humidity control, optimizes heating and cooling processes, and enhances the device's energy efficiency and response speed.

[0050] S3. According to the changes in humidity data, the constant temperature and humidity system is controlled to perform corresponding dehumidification and humidification work;

[0051] Furthermore, in step S3, according to the change of humidity data, the method for controlling the constant temperature and humidity system to perform the corresponding dehumidification and humidification operations is as follows:

[0052] The user sets the upper and lower humidity thresholds. Humidification starts when the humidity falls below 40% RH, and dehumidification starts when it exceeds 70% RH. During dehumidification, a water-cooled semiconductor cooler uses the Peltier effect to lower the cold-end temperature below the air dew point, thereby achieving water vapor condensation. During humidification, the polarity of the DC voltage of the water-cooled semiconductor cooler is changed to heat the water in the humidification tank of the constant temperature and humidity chamber. As the water temperature rises, the water vapor evaporates, achieving the purpose of humidification. The humidity change formula is:

[0053] in is the ratio of the temperature change rate to the humidity change rate, χ represents the linear influence of humidity change on temperature adjustment, δ represents the influence of temperature difference change on humidity adjustment, N dew Indicates the temperature at which water vapor in the air begins to condense. The humidity threshold control formula is: Among them, M current Represents the current humidity value. G′ means dehumidification mode is activated, and G″ means humidification mode is activated.

[0054] Furthermore, in step S3, according to the change of humidity data, the method for controlling the constant temperature and humidity system to perform the corresponding dehumidification and humidification operations is as follows:

[0055] Both the dehumidification and humidification processes are subject to real-time feedback from sensors, and the operation intensity is dynamically adjusted according to actual humidity changes. At the same time, the humidification and dehumidification rates are adjusted, and temperature and humidity protection are implemented. Humidity data and operation logs are recorded, and humidity control strategies are analyzed and optimized, with dynamic adjustment formulas. in is the mass flow rate of moisture during the humidification process, is a function of the humidification process, ∈ M′ is the humidification efficiency, ΔN current is the current temperature difference, is the cooling power, is the mass flow rate of moisture during the dehumidification process, is a function of the dehumidification process, is the dehumidification efficiency, ΔN current is the current temperature difference, is the heating power;

[0056] In this embodiment, users can set upper and lower humidity thresholds. When the humidity falls below 40% RH, humidification is initiated; when the humidity exceeds 70% RH, dehumidification is initiated. The humidity control process is based on real-time sensor feedback, dynamically adjusting the humidification and dehumidification rates and intensity based on humidity data. This not only improves the stability of humidity fluctuations within the preset range, but also improves response speed through intelligent regulation, avoiding over-humidification or over-dehumidification.

[0057] S4. According to the preset temperature conditions of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber is adjusted by controlling the direction of the current;

[0058] Furthermore, in step S4, according to the preset temperature condition of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the method for adjusting the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber by controlling the direction of the current is:

[0059] The temperature data collected from the constant temperature and humidity chamber in real time by a PT100 temperature sensor is compared with the user-set target temperature. By calculating the temperature difference, it is determined whether the current direction needs to be adjusted to perform either heating or cooling operations. A PID control algorithm is used to smoothly adjust the temperature. Closed-loop control is implemented by real-time monitoring of temperature data. When the temperature is higher than the user-set target temperature, cooling mode is activated; when the temperature is lower than the user-set target temperature, the current direction is reversed to activate heating mode. The expression of the PID control algorithm is: Where u(t′) is the control output, e(t′) is the error, K p is the proportional gain, K i is the integral gain, K d′ is the differential gain, is the integral of the error, is the derivative of the error.

[0060] Furthermore, in step S4, according to the preset temperature condition of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the method for adjusting the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber by controlling the direction of the current is:

[0061] By dynamically adjusting the PID parameter model, the response time and the balance of the reaction force are optimized. If the temperature difference is less than the tolerance range of ±0.5°C, the temperature is considered to be stable. At the same time, there is an over-temperature and under-temperature protection mechanism, and the PID parameters are optimized through an adaptive algorithm. The control strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the past temperature data, and the PID parameter model expression is dynamically adjusted: where K p (t′) is a time-dependent function, is the reference value of the proportional gain, is the adjustment coefficient of the proportional gain as the error changes, e(t′) is the current error, K i (t′) is the dynamically changing integral gain, is the reference value of the integral gain, is a coefficient that controls the effect of the error integral on the gain, represents the error integral from the start time to the current time t′, K d′ (t′) is the dynamically changing differential gain, is the reference value of the differential gain, is the differential gain adjustment coefficient, is the rate of change of error;

[0062] In this embodiment, the temperature difference determines whether the current direction needs to be adjusted to activate heating or cooling mode. By monitoring temperature data in real time and employing a closed-loop control strategy, cooling mode is activated when the temperature exceeds the target temperature, and heating mode is activated by reversing the current direction when the temperature falls below the target temperature. The control strategy is optimized by dynamically adjusting PID parameters to ensure that a temperature difference within ±0.5°C is considered stable. This not only improves temperature control accuracy but also avoids over-adjustment and energy waste.

[0063] S5. Perform intelligent analysis and optimization based on changes in temperature and humidity data during adjustment;

[0064] Furthermore, in step S5, the method for performing intelligent analysis and optimization based on the changes in temperature data and humidity data during adjustment is:

[0065] By calculating the difference between the temperature and humidity data and the target values, it intelligently selects any operating mode of heating, cooling, humidification, or dehumidification. When the temperature data exceeds the user-preset target value, it selects to start either cooling or heating mode based on the humidity data. At the same time, the error of the humidity data from the user-preset target value determines whether to start either humidification or dehumidification mode. When the temperature and humidity data fluctuate at the same time, a balanced control strategy is adopted to achieve synchronous adjustment of the heating, cooling, humidification, and dehumidification modes. The intelligent selection formula is: Where L(t″) is the state vector at time t″, L(t″+1) is the state at the next time t″+1, Q is the matrix of the linear relationship from the current state to the next state, W is the control matrix, and φ(t″) is the control input vector at time t″.

[0066] Furthermore, in step S5, the method for performing intelligent analysis and optimization based on the changes in temperature data and humidity data during adjustment is:

[0067] The PID control algorithm combines proportional, integral, and differential terms to adjust the operating mode in real time. At the same time, adaptive adjustment and machine learning algorithms are used to optimize the control strategy and continuously learn the fluctuation patterns of temperature and humidity data. Furthermore, fuzzy control is used to make intelligent decisions to handle temperature and humidity adjustment requirements under uncertain and complex situations. Temperature and humidity coupling control is used to coordinate the temperature and humidity adjustment process, selecting low-power adjustment for non-critical equipment when approaching the user's preset target temperature and humidity. The expression formula for fuzzy control and intelligent decision-making is as follows: where γ N (∈N) is the fuzzy membership function of temperature error, γ M (∈M) is the fuzzy membership function of humidity error;

[0068] In this embodiment, adaptive regulation and machine learning algorithms optimize the control strategy, continuously learning the changing patterns of temperature and humidity data, thereby improving overall efficiency. Fuzzy control and intelligent decision-making methods can also handle temperature and humidity regulation needs in uncertain and complex situations. Especially when approaching the target temperature and humidity, low-power adjustments to non-critical equipment are selected, achieving energy savings and improving system stability. This improves the adaptability, efficiency, and reliability of the constant temperature and humidity system.

[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant temperature and humidity chamber control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Design a constant temperature and humidity system based on the Peltier effect to control the mode conversion by changing the polarity of the current. The modes include cooling and heating. S2. Collect temperature and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber through sensors, and monitor changes in temperature and humidity in cooling and heating modes in real time; S3. According to the changes in humidity data, the constant temperature and humidity system is controlled to perform corresponding dehumidification and humidification work; S4. According to the preset temperature conditions of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber is adjusted by controlling the direction of the current; S5. Perform intelligent analysis and optimization based on changes in temperature and humidity data during adjustment; In step S1, a constant temperature and humidity system is designed. Based on the Peltier effect, the mode conversion is controlled by changing the polarity of the current. The modes include cooling and heating. The method is as follows: The refrigeration compressor, evaporator, and air heater in traditional constant temperature and humidity products are replaced with semiconductor refrigerators, and the dehumidifier and water tank heater are replaced with water-cooled semiconductor refrigerators. Two conductors made of different materials are connected to form a galvanic couple. The Peltier effect relies on the fact that when current passes through the two semiconductors of different materials, the cold end of the galvanic couple absorbs heat and the hot end releases heat, thereby achieving temperature regulation. By reversing the direction of the current, the functions of the cold and hot ends are interchanged, thus achieving cooling and heating modes. The Peltier effect and temperature regulation formula are as follows: ,in represents the total heating effect caused by current and temperature difference, is the thermoelectric coefficient, is the thermal conductivity, is the temperature difference between the two ends, is the current intensity, is the square of the temperature difference, is the DC voltage, is the thermal resistance of the semiconductor, It represents the amount of heat transferred per unit time; In step S2, the temperature and humidity data inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber are collected by sensors, and the method for real-time monitoring of the changes in temperature and humidity in the cooling mode and the heating mode is as follows: Data is collected through sensors, including PT100 temperature sensor and DHT22 humidity sensor. The collected temperature and humidity data are processed in real time by Arduino microcontroller. The temperature and humidity data are calibrated and filtered. The temperature and humidity changes in the box are monitored based on the temperature and humidity data. The target temperature is set to , the target humidity is , filtering processing formula: ,in is the time constant of the filter, is the Laplace transform variable, is the transfer function of the system; The need to switch working modes is determined based on temperature and humidity changes. In cooling mode, the temperature gradually decreases and the humidity increases. In heating mode, the temperature increases and the humidity decreases. Real-time temperature and humidity data are transmitted via any communication protocol such as UART, I2C, or SPI for real-time monitoring and adjustment. The judgment formula is: ,in Indicates the current temperature With target temperature The difference between Indicates the current humidity With target humidity The difference between and Switch working mode when is the threshold value of temperature deviation, is the threshold of humidity deviation; In step S3, according to the change of humidity data, the method for controlling the constant temperature and humidity system to perform the corresponding dehumidification and humidification operations is as follows: The user can set the upper and lower humidity thresholds. Humidification is activated when the humidity falls below 40% RH, and dehumidification is activated when it exceeds 70% RH. During dehumidification, the Peltier effect is used by the water-cooled semiconductor cooler to reduce the cold end temperature to below the air dew point, thereby achieving water vapor condensation. During humidification, the polarity of the DC voltage of the water-cooled semiconductor cooler is changed to heat the water in the humidification water tank in the constant temperature and humidity chamber. As the water temperature rises, the water vapor evaporates, achieving the purpose of humidification. The humidity change formula is: ,in is the ratio of the rate of change of temperature to the rate of change of humidity, Indicates the linear effect of humidity change on temperature adjustment, Indicates the degree of influence of temperature difference on humidity adjustment. Indicates the temperature at which water vapor in the air begins to condense. The humidity threshold control formula is: ,in Represents the current humidity value. The dehumidification mode is activated. The humidification mode is activated; Both the dehumidification and humidification processes are subject to real-time feedback from sensors, and the operation intensity is dynamically adjusted according to actual humidity changes. At the same time, the humidification and dehumidification rates are adjusted, and temperature and humidity protection are implemented. Humidity data and operation logs are recorded, and humidity control strategies are analyzed and optimized, with dynamic adjustment formulas. ,in is the mass flow rate of moisture during the humidification process, is a function of the humidification process, is the humidification efficiency, is the current temperature difference, is the cooling power, is the mass flow rate of moisture during the dehumidification process, is a function of the dehumidification process, is the dehumidification efficiency, is the current temperature difference, is the heating power; In step S4, the method for adjusting the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber by controlling the direction of the current according to the preset temperature conditions of the constant temperature and humidity chamber is as follows: The temperature data collected from the constant temperature and humidity chamber in real time by a PT100 temperature sensor is compared with the user-set target temperature. The temperature difference is calculated to determine whether the current direction needs to be adjusted to perform either heating or cooling operations. A PID control algorithm is used to smoothly adjust the temperature. Closed-loop control is performed by real-time monitoring of temperature data. When the temperature is higher than the user-set target temperature, cooling mode is activated. When the temperature is lower than the target temperature preset by the user, the current direction is adjusted in the reverse direction to start the heating mode. The expression of the PID control algorithm is: ,in is the control output, is the error, is the proportional gain, is the integral gain, is the differential gain, is the integral of the error, is the derivative of the error: The response time and balanced reaction strength are optimized by dynamically adjusting the PID parameter model. If the temperature difference is less than the tolerance range of ±0.5°C, the temperature is considered stable. At the same time, an over-temperature and under-temperature protection mechanism is set up, and the PID parameters are optimized through an adaptive algorithm. The control strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the past temperature data, and the PID parameter model expression is dynamically adjusted: ,in is a time-dependent function, is the reference value of the proportional gain, is the adjustment coefficient of the proportional gain as the error changes, is the current error, is the dynamically changing integral gain, is the reference value of the integral gain, is a coefficient that controls the effect of the error integral on the gain, Indicates the time from the start time to the current time The error integral of is the dynamically changing differential gain, is the reference value of the differential gain, is the differential gain adjustment coefficient, is the rate of change of error; In step S5, the method for performing intelligent analysis and optimization based on the changes in temperature data and humidity data during adjustment is: By calculating the difference between the temperature data and the humidity data and the target value, the system intelligently selects any one of the working modes: heating, cooling, humidification or dehumidification. When the temperature data exceeds the user-preset target value, the system selects to start any one of the working modes: cooling or heating according to the humidity data. At the same time, the error between the user-preset target value and the humidity data determines whether to start any one of the working modes: humidification or dehumidification. When the temperature data and humidity data fluctuate at the same time, a balanced control strategy is adopted to achieve synchronous adjustment of the heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification modes. The intelligent selection formula is: ,in It is at the moment The state vector of It's the next moment status, is the matrix of the linear relationship from the current state to the next state, is the control matrix, It is at the moment The control input vector of The PID control algorithm combines proportional, integral, and differential terms to adjust the operating mode in real time. At the same time, adaptive adjustment and machine learning algorithms are used to optimize the control strategy and continuously learn the fluctuation patterns of temperature and humidity data. Furthermore, fuzzy control is used to make intelligent decisions to handle temperature and humidity adjustment requirements under uncertain and complex situations. Temperature and humidity coupling control is used to coordinate the temperature and humidity adjustment process, selecting low-power adjustment for non-critical equipment when approaching the user's preset target temperature and humidity. The expression formula for fuzzy control and intelligent decision-making is as follows: ,in is the fuzzy membership function of temperature error, is the fuzzy membership function of humidity error.

Images