Foaming material performance simulation method and system based on 3D modeling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material performance simulation, in particular to a foam material performance simulation method and system based on 3D modeling The simulation method comprises the steps that S101, polystyrene resin is added into a foaming agent, the material is softened under the heating condition, gas is generated, and finally a light high-molecular polymer with a uniform closed cavity structure is formed; modeling according to the obtained EPS foam solid, and constructing an EPS foam 3D model; and S102, establishing an EPS foam 3D geometric model capable of customizing length, width, height and random degree as a simulation model of a foaming material, and performing grid division on the model in Hypermesh so as to establish the simulation model of the EPS foam. Through the cooperation of the steps, the simulation model can be used for simulating the EPS foam by presetting some parameters, so that the simulation efficiency of the EPS foam is improved, and the simulation efficiency of the EPS foam is improved. Then, the specific performance parameters of the material can be intuitively and vividly researched under different densities, porosities and received compression speeds through an accurate simulation experiment of the simulation model, and the method has relatively high reference value and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material performance simulation, and in particular to a foaming material performance simulation method and system based on 3D modeling. Background Art

[0002] Modeling of foam materials is an important field in materials science and engineering, which involves multi-scale simulations from microstructure to macroscopic performance. In order to accurately predict and optimize the behavior of foam materials, researchers usually use a combination of theoretical models, numerical methods, and experimental verification;

[0003] 3D simulation performance simulation is the use of computer technology to predict and evaluate the behavior and performance of a system or product under different conditions. It can not only help engineers identify potential problems in the design phase, but also optimize the efficiency of existing systems, reduce the number of physical prototypes, thereby saving costs and accelerating time to market.

[0004] However, the existing three-dimensional simulation method pre-sets some parameters and then conducts simulation experiments through simulation models. The experimental process is cumbersome and troublesome, which reduces the experimental efficiency and cannot accurately and intuitively study the specific performance parameters of the material. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a foam material performance simulation method and system based on 3D modeling, which has the advantages of being able to accurately simulate experiments under different densities, porosities and compression speeds, and intuitively and vividly study the specific performance parameters of the material, thereby solving the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling, applied to a simulation device, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0007] S101, adding a polystyrene resin to a foaming agent, and softening the material under heating conditions to generate gas, thereby finally forming a light polymer having a uniform closed cavity structure, namely, EPS foam, and constructing an EPS foam 3D model based on the obtained EPS foam entity model;

[0008] S102, using Matlab and ANSYS to establish a 3D geometric model of EPS foam with customizable length, width, height and randomness as a simulation model of the foam material, and meshing it in Hypermesh to establish a simulation model of the EPS foam;

[0009] S103, defining environmental conditions and boundary conditions, setting reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions, setting temperature, humidity, fixed points and loads as quantitative parameters, simulating the density, porosity and compression speed of the EPS foam 3D model as variable parameters, and analyzing and determining the factors affecting the performance of the foaming material and the regular relationship;

[0010] S104, performing multiple simulation experiments according to the set parameters, analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam, analyzing the influence of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression, and analyzing the deformation process and failure mode under different compression speeds;

[0011] S105. Obtain whether the EPS foam elastic modulus of the foaming material under different mechanical performance characteristics is within the threshold range, and complete the correlation model generated by the EPS foam elastic modulus and different factors according to the EPS foam elastic modulus threshold preset by the system, measure the relationship between stress and strain through the stress-strain curve, and thus calculate the elastic modulus, that is, the X-axis is the size of the elastic modulus and the composition, density, and temperature factors of the material that affect the elastic modulus, and the Y-axis is the elastic modulus data under the current influencing factors, and generate a correlation data chart of the EPS foam elastic modulus based on multiple impression factors.

[0012] Preferably, in S101, the geometric and physical data of the real object are acquired through a data acquisition device, and a 3D model is established using computer graphics technology, and detailed modeling and texture mapping are performed based on the acquired data.

[0013] Preferably, in S102, the constructed 3D model of the conductor is meshed, material properties are set, including at least Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and damping, and reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions are set to complete the pre-settings before the simulation experiment.

[0014] Preferably, in S104, in the process of analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam, a plurality of static compression simulation experiments with different densities are set up, and then the deformation of the EPS foam samples before and after the simulation experiment is analyzed. By comparison, it is found that after the test, the EPS foam material does not show lateral expansion, and the cross-sectional area remains unchanged, which verifies that the elastic Poisson's ratio and plastic Poisson's ratio of the EPS foam material are close to zero, and the volume of the material is not conserved during compression.

[0015] Preferably, in S104, according to typical stress-strain curves of the material under quasi-static compression at several different strain rates obtained by simulation, it can be concluded that the quasi-static compression result is in line with expectations and is repeatable, and the material has a typical three-stage deformation region, namely, a linear elastic region, a platform region, and a dense region;

[0016] It also shows the correlation with the strain rate. With the increase of strain rate, the stress value at the same strain in the platform area increases, and the strain value under the same load in the dense area decreases. The material shows strengthening characteristics earlier and enters the dense stage.

[0017] Preferably, in S104, a stress-strain curve of the material can also be obtained according to the simulation experiment, and the curve shows density correlation. Materials of different densities show platform areas and dense areas with similar change trends. When the density increases, the elastic modulus of the material increases. It can be seen that density is an important factor affecting the elastic modulus.

[0018] Preferably, in S104, in the process of analyzing the effects of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression, firstly, material simulation models of five different porosities are established, namely 76.4%, 78.8%, 82.0%, 86.0%, and 90.8%. This step can be performed in Hypermesh, and simulation models of two porosities of 78.8% and 90.8% are selected for comparison to obtain their stress-strain curves.

[0019] Preferably, in S104, the stress-strain curves of aluminum foams with different porosities under quasi-static compression are significantly different and show a certain regularity. In the online elastic stage, since the elastic modulus is directly input according to the elastic modulus of the matrix material, the difference and regularity begin to appear after entering the yield stage. As the porosity increases, the yield strength and platform stress of the aluminum foam decrease. This is because as the porosity increases, the average pore wall thickness inside the material decreases, making it easier to be damaged. The compaction strain is the opposite. As the porosity increases, the compaction strain also increases, indicating that the higher the porosity, the longer the time required to compact it, and the more difficult it is to enter the densification stage.

[0020] Preferably, in S104, the deformation process and the failure mode process under different compression speeds are analyzed, which are the displacement cloud diagrams of the simulation model when reaching different strains under low-speed compression and high-speed compression conditions. It can be seen that under different compression speeds, the platform stress is basically the same, is not sensitive to the compression speed, and the stress-strain curve is relatively stable as a whole;

[0021] However, with the increase of compression speed, the starting point of the stress-strain curve is delayed. Under high-speed compression, the local deformation is large, which causes the stress wave to be reflected between the cell pores and the pore walls. This leads to large fluctuations in the stress-strain curve. This phenomenon is caused by the inertia effect of foam aluminum under high-speed compression.

[0022] A foam material performance simulation system based on 3D modeling executes the above-mentioned foam material performance simulation method. The foam material performance simulation system comprises a model unit, which is used to construct an EPS foam 3D model according to the obtained EPS foam entity modeling; a simulation unit, which meshes it in Hypermesh to establish a simulation model of EPS foam; a parameter unit, which defines environmental conditions and boundary conditions and sets reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions; and an experimental unit, which performs simulation experiments according to the parameters set by the parameter unit.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention can also derive a stress-strain curve of a material based on simulation experiments, and the curve shows density correlation. Materials of different densities show a platform area and a dense area with similar change trends. When the density increases, the elastic modulus of the material increases. It can be seen that density is an important factor affecting the elastic modulus.

[0025] 2. The present invention studies the influence of porosity on the mechanical properties of foam aluminum under quasi-static compression, and finds that the yield strength, platform stress and energy absorption capacity of the material all decrease with increasing porosity; the compaction strain tends to decrease with increasing porosity, indicating that the higher the porosity of foam aluminum, the more difficult it is to compact; the energy absorption capacity per unit mass of foam aluminum has no obvious relationship with the porosity.

[0026] 3. The present invention analyzes the deformation process and failure mode of foam aluminum under different compression speeds and finds that the deformation process and failure mode under low-speed compression are similar to those under quasi-static conditions, but the deformation mechanism of foam aluminum under high-speed compression is different from that under quasi-static conditions and low speed conditions. The deformation area is mainly concentrated near the loading end and gradually moves downward. It is this inertia effect that causes obvious stress enhancement in foam aluminum under high-speed compression.

[0027] In summary, the simulation experiment can accurately simulate the specific performance parameters of the material under different densities, porosities and compression speeds, and it has strong reference and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a data graph for analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam in a foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3This is a data graph showing whether porosity affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam in a foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a data diagram of the influence of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression in a foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 The present invention is a system block diagram of a foam material performance simulation system based on 3D modeling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling, applied to a simulation device, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0035] S101, adding a polystyrene resin to a foaming agent, and softening the material under heating conditions to generate gas, thereby finally forming a light polymer having a uniform closed cavity structure, namely, EPS foam, and constructing an EPS foam 3D model based on the obtained EPS foam entity model;

[0036] In S101, the geometric and physical data of the real object are acquired through a data acquisition device, and a 3D model is established using computer graphics technology, and detailed modeling and texture mapping are performed based on the acquired data.

[0037] The basic principle of 3D modeling is to simulate and generate 3D objects and scenes in the real world through mathematical, physical models and graphics algorithms, so as to realize the visualization of the virtual world. 3D modeling can not only provide visual enjoyment and immersion, but also assist people in design, analysis, interaction and other work. With the continuous development of technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality, the significance of 3D modeling will become more prominent.

[0038] S102, using Matlab and ANSYS to establish a 3D geometric model of EPS foam with customizable length, width, height and randomness as a simulation model of the foam material, and meshing it in Hypermesh to establish a simulation model of the EPS foam;

[0039] In S102, the constructed 3D model of the conductor is meshed, material properties are set, including at least Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and damping, and reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions are set to complete the pre-settings before the simulation experiment.

[0040] S103, defining environmental conditions and boundary conditions, setting reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions, setting temperature, humidity, fixed points and loads as quantitative parameters, simulating the density, porosity and compression speed of the EPS foam 3D model as variable parameters, and analyzing and determining the factors affecting the performance of the foaming material and the regular relationship;

[0041] S104, performing multiple simulation experiments according to the set parameters, analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam, analyzing the influence of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression, and analyzing the deformation process and failure mode under different compression speeds;

[0042] S105. Obtain whether the EPS foam elastic modulus of the foaming material under different mechanical performance characteristics is within the threshold range, and complete the correlation model generated by the EPS foam elastic modulus and different factors according to the EPS foam elastic modulus threshold preset by the system, measure the relationship between stress and strain through the stress-strain curve, and thus calculate the elastic modulus, that is, the X-axis is the size of the elastic modulus and the composition, density, and temperature factors of the material that affect the elastic modulus, and the Y-axis is the elastic modulus data under the current influencing factors, and generate a correlation data chart of the EPS foam elastic modulus based on multiple impression factors.

[0043] refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, in S104, in the process of analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam, multiple static compression simulation experiments with different densities are set, and then the deformation of the EPS foam samples before and after the simulation experiment is analyzed. By comparison, it is found that after the test, the EPS foam material does not show lateral expansion, and the cross-sectional area remains unchanged, which verifies that the elastic Poisson's ratio and plastic Poisson's ratio of the EPS foam material are close to zero, and the volume of the material is not conserved during compression.

[0044] According to the typical stress-strain curves of the material under quasi-static compression at several different strain rates obtained by simulation, it can be concluded that the quasi-static compression results are in line with expectations and are repeatable, and the material has a typical three-stage deformation region, namely, the linear elastic region, the platform region, and the dense region;

[0045] It also shows the correlation with the strain rate. With the increase of strain rate, the stress value at the same strain in the platform area increases, and the strain value under the same load in the dense area decreases. The material shows strengthening characteristics earlier and enters the dense stage.

[0046] According to the simulation experiment, the stress-strain curve of the material can also be obtained, and the curve shows density correlation. Materials with different densities show platform areas and dense areas with similar change trends. When the density increases, the elastic modulus of the material increases. It can be seen that density is an important factor affecting the elastic modulus.

[0047] By studying the effect of porosity on the mechanical properties of foamed aluminum under quasi-static compression, it was found that the yield strength, platform stress and energy absorption capacity of the material all decreased with the increase of porosity; the compaction strain tended to decrease with the increase of porosity, indicating that the higher the porosity of foamed aluminum, the more difficult it is to compact; there is no obvious relationship between the energy absorption capacity per unit mass of foamed aluminum and the porosity.

[0048] refer to Figure 4 As shown, in S104, in the process of analyzing the effect of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression, five material simulation models with different porosities are first established, namely 76.4%, 78.8%, 82.0%, 86.0%, and 90.8%. This step can be performed in Hypermesh, and the simulation models with porosities of 78.8% and 90.8% are selected as comparison to obtain their stress-strain curves. Figure 4 The stress-strain curves in the figure are labeled as curves 2, 4, 5, and 6 respectively;

[0049] The stress-strain curves of aluminum foams with different porosities under quasi-static compression are significantly different and show a certain regularity. In the online elastic stage, since the elastic modulus is directly input according to the elastic modulus of the matrix material, the differences and regularities begin to appear after entering the yield stage. With the increase of porosity, the yield strength and platform stress of aluminum foam decrease. This is because with the increase of porosity, the average pore wall thickness inside the material decreases, making it easier to be damaged. The compaction strain is the opposite. With the increase of porosity, the compaction strain also increases, indicating that the higher the porosity, the longer it takes to compact it, and the more difficult it is to enter the densification stage.

[0050] In S104, the deformation process and failure mode under different compression speeds are analyzed, which are the displacement cloud diagrams of the simulation model when reaching different strains under low-speed compression and high-speed compression conditions. It can be seen that under different compression speeds, the platform stress is basically the same and is not sensitive to the compression speed, and the stress-strain curves are relatively stable as a whole;

[0051] However, with the increase of compression speed, the starting point of the stress-strain curve is delayed. Under high-speed compression, the local deformation is large, which causes the stress wave to be reflected between the cell pores and the pore walls. This leads to large fluctuations in the stress-strain curve. This phenomenon is caused by the inertia effect of foam aluminum under high-speed compression.

[0052] By analyzing the deformation process and failure mode of foam aluminum at different compression speeds, it is found that the deformation process and failure mode under low-speed compression are similar to those under quasi-static conditions, but the deformation mechanism of foam aluminum under high-speed compression is different from that under quasi-static conditions and low speed conditions. The deformation area is mainly concentrated near the loading end and gradually moves downward. It is this inertia effect that causes obvious stress enhancement in foam aluminum under high-speed compression.

[0053] The simulation model used in the present invention is a finite element simulation technology. Finite element simulation can solve the problems encountered in the actual material forming process and provide more accurate results. The process of finite element simulation can be roughly divided into: material model establishment, model mesh division, boundary condition setting, local coordinate system transformation, finite element equation group solution and other steps.

[0054] First, it is necessary to establish a material model, that is, to define the mechanical and thermal properties of the material; secondly, it is necessary to mesh the material forming process to be simulated so as to convert the mechanical and thermal properties of the material into finite element equations. Then it is necessary to set the boundary conditions of the finite element equations to limit the scope of the simulated material forming process. Finally, it is necessary to transform the local coordinate system in order to convert the physical quantities of force, deformation and deformation heat in the material forming process, and solve the force, deformation and deformation heat parameters in the material forming process through the finite element equations.

[0055] Finite element simulation can help us better understand the physical process in the material forming process, thereby helping enterprises to better design and adjust the forming process parameters and improve the forming efficiency and quality of the material. In addition, finite element simulation can also help us design new forming processes, improve forming quality and reduce forming costs. Finite element simulation technology is of great significance to the analysis of material forming process, and can provide accurate results and provide a reliable reference for enterprises to implement the material forming process, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of the material forming process.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, a foam material performance simulation system based on 3D modeling executes the above-mentioned foam material performance simulation method. The foam material performance simulation system includes a model unit, which is used to model the EPS foam entity according to the obtained EPS foam entity and construct an EPS foam 3D model; a simulation unit, which meshes it in Hypermesh to establish a simulation model of EPS foam; a parameter unit, which defines environmental conditions and boundary conditions and sets reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions; and an experimental unit, which performs simulation experiments according to the parameters set by the parameter unit.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A foam material performance simulation method based on 3D modeling, characterized in that: Applied to the simulation device, it specifically includes the following steps: S101, adding a polystyrene resin to a foaming agent, and softening the material under heating conditions to generate gas, thereby finally forming a light polymer having a uniform closed cavity structure, namely, EPS foam, and constructing an EPS foam 3D model based on the obtained EPS foam entity model; S102, as a simulation model of the foaming material, using Matlab and ANSYS to establish a 3D geometric model of EPS foam with customizable length, width, height and randomness, and meshing it in Hypermesh, thereby establishing a simulation model of EPS foam; S103, defining environmental conditions and boundary conditions, setting reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions, setting temperature, humidity, fixed points and loads as quantitative parameters, simulating the density, porosity and compression speed of the EPS foam 3D model as variable parameters, and analyzing and determining the factors affecting the performance of the foaming material and the regular relationship; S104, performing multiple simulation experiments according to the set parameters, analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam, analyzing the influence of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression, and analyzing the deformation process and failure mode under different compression speeds; S105. Obtain whether the EPS foam elastic modulus of the foaming material under different mechanical performance characteristics is within the threshold range, and complete the correlation model generated by the EPS foam elastic modulus and different factors according to the EPS foam elastic modulus threshold preset by the system, measure the relationship between stress and strain through the stress-strain curve, and thus calculate the elastic modulus, that is, the X-axis is the size of the elastic modulus and the composition, density, and temperature factors of the material that affect the elastic modulus, and the Y-axis is the elastic modulus data under the current influencing factors, and generate a correlation data chart of the EPS foam elastic modulus based on multiple impression factors.

2. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S101, the geometric and physical data of the real object are acquired through a data acquisition device, and a 3D model is established using computer graphics technology, and detailed modeling and texture mapping are performed based on the acquired data.

3. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S102, the constructed 3D model of the conductor is meshed, material properties are set, including at least Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and damping, and reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions are set to complete the pre-settings before the simulation experiment.

4. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S104, in the process of analyzing whether density affects the elastic modulus of EPS foam, multiple static compression simulation experiments with different densities are set up, and then the deformation of the EPS foam samples before and after the simulation experiment is analyzed. By comparison, it is found that the EPS foam material does not show lateral expansion after the test, and the cross-sectional area remains unchanged, which verifies that the elastic Poisson's ratio and plastic Poisson's ratio of the EPS foam material are close to zero, and the volume of the material is not conserved during compression.

5. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S104, according to the typical stress-strain curves of the material under quasi-static compression at several different strain rates obtained by simulation, it can be concluded that the quasi-static compression results are in line with expectations and are repeatable, and the material has a typical three-stage deformation region, namely, a linear elastic region, a platform region, and a dense region; It also shows the correlation with the strain rate. With the increase of strain rate, the stress value at the same strain in the platform area increases, and the strain value under the same load in the dense area decreases. The material shows strengthening characteristics earlier and enters the dense stage.

6. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S104, the stress-strain curve of the material can also be obtained according to the simulation experiment, and the curve shows density correlation. Materials of different densities show platform areas and dense areas with similar change trends. When the density increases, the elastic modulus of the material increases. It can be seen that density is an important factor affecting the elastic modulus.

7. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S104, in the process of analyzing the effects of different porosities on mechanical properties under static compression, five material simulation models with different porosities are first established, namely 76.4%, 78.8%, 82.0%, 86.0%, and 90.8%. This step can be performed in Hypermesh, and simulation models with porosities of 78.8% and 90.8% are selected for comparison to obtain their stress-strain curves.

8. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S104, the stress-strain curves of aluminum foams with different porosities under quasi-static compression are significantly different and show a certain regularity. In the online elastic stage, since the elastic modulus is directly input according to the elastic modulus of the matrix material, the difference and regularity begin to appear after entering the yield stage. With the increase of porosity, the yield strength and platform stress of aluminum foam decrease. This is because with the increase of porosity, the average pore wall thickness inside the material decreases, making it easier to be damaged. The compaction strain is the opposite. With the increase of porosity, the compaction strain also increases, indicating that the higher the porosity, the longer it takes to compact it, and the more difficult it is to enter the densification stage.

9. The method for simulating foam material performance based on 3D modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S104, the deformation process and failure mode under different compression speeds are analyzed, which are the displacement cloud diagrams of the simulation model when reaching different strains under low-speed compression and high-speed compression conditions. It can be seen that under different compression speeds, the platform stress is basically the same and is not sensitive to the compression speed, and the stress-strain curves are relatively stable as a whole; However, with the increase of compression speed, the starting point of the stress-strain curve is delayed. Under high-speed compression, the local deformation is large, which causes the stress wave to be reflected between the cell pores and the pore walls. This leads to large fluctuations in the stress-strain curve. This phenomenon is caused by the inertia effect of foam aluminum under high-speed compression.

10. A foam material performance simulation system based on 3D modeling, characterized in that: The foam material performance simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented, and the foam material performance simulation system comprises: A model unit is used for modeling the obtained EPS foam entity and constructing a 3D model of the EPS foam; The simulation unit is used to mesh the EPS foam in Hypermesh to establish a simulation model. The parameter unit is used to define the environmental conditions and boundary conditions and set reasonable environmental conditions and boundary conditions. The experimental unit conducts simulation experiments according to the parameters set by the parameter unit.

Images