Antibacterial low-temperature-resistant cable

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to an antibacterial low-temperature-resistant cable which comprises a wrapping layer, a resistant filling layer, an antibacterial supporting layer and an antibacterial strengthening layer. The cable can effectively resist viruses, germs and molds and reduce the infection probability, especially in crowded public places such as hospitals, schools and offices, the anti-virus and germ / fungus cable can remarkably reduce the risk of cross infection, especially in the humid plum rain season in the south, mold is prone to breeding on the surface of the cable, and the cable has the good anti-virus and germ / fungus-resistant effect. Mould shedding not only can pollute the working environment, but also can cause respiratory diseases and the like of people, so that a safer living and working environment is provided for people.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and in particular relates to an antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable. Background Art

[0002] Wires and cables are mainly composed of conductors, insulation layers, sheath materials, etc., among which the sheath materials have a great influence on the performance of the cables. At present, the cable sheath materials are mainly made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, rubber, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), etc. Polyetheretherketone has excellent high temperature resistance, insulation performance and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in engineering plastics, cable sheath materials and other fields. By compounding polyetheretherketone with polymer materials such as polyphenylene sulfide and polyimide, alloys or composite materials with better performance can be obtained. Improving the comprehensive properties of polyetheretherketone, such as mechanical strength, UV resistance, antibacterial properties, and expanding its practical application in cable sheath materials and other fields are hot research areas. For example, using polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc. as raw materials, the obtained composite materials have excellent conductive properties, but the compatibility between polyphenylene sulfide and polyetheretherketone is poor. It is difficult to obtain a composite material with excellent mechanical properties by physically blending the two.

[0003] In addition, after two major epidemics and the high incidence of influenza, people are more likely to come into contact with bacteria and viruses in their daily lives, and even be harmed by them. Data show that about 80% of common infections, such as influenza and diarrhea, are actually spread by contact with germs or viruses on the surface of objects. When touching the surface of an object, the hand will come into contact with up to 50% of the microorganisms on the surface, and these microorganisms enter the human body through the eyes or mouth, causing disease. As a basic consumable commonly used in daily life, the biological antibacterial effect of cables has attracted more attention. Therefore, using a more stable and compatible substrate to make cables with better antibacterial effects is a problem that current technology continues to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art and use polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone rubber and polyethylene for layered production to form a cable wrapping protective material with good sealing properties, which can not only obtain good mechanical properties but also significantly improve the antibacterial effect of the cable.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] An antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable comprises an antibacterial coating layer, in which a wire body and a filler are arranged.

[0007] Preferably, the antibacterial coating layer includes a wrapping layer, a resistant filling layer, an antibacterial support layer, and an antibacterial reinforcement layer from the inside to the outside, and the wrapping layer contains a wire body and a filler.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the resin-based filler is as follows: by weight, 30-50 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 10-15 parts of acrylic resin are mixed and heated to a molten state to obtain a mixture A for use; 1-3 parts of silicon nitride, 2-4 parts of silicon carbide, 5-8 parts of silicon dioxide, and 40-50 parts of polyethylene resin are mixed to obtain a mixture B for use; 10-15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 66-68 parts of kerosene are mixed to form a colloid to obtain a mixture C; first, the mixture A and the mixture B are mixed in an equal mass ratio, stirred at high speed for 33-36 minutes, and 6-6.8 times the total amount of the material The mixture C is added and mixed evenly, coated on the surface of the wrapping layer, and deoiled and roll-formed.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber body is as follows: by weight, 3-5 parts of quartz sand, 7-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.11 parts of yttrium trioxide, 0.3-0.4 parts of zirconium oxide, and 20-25 parts of bagasse are uniformly mixed, sintered to obtain ceramic particles, and ball-milled to obtain ceramic powder;

[0010] The ceramic powder is mixed with a hydrofluoric acid solution, and soaked at 30-33°C for 18-22 minutes, silver nitrate and pectin are added, ultrasonically shaken for 20-25 minutes, calcium chloride is added, and ultrasonically shaken again; all the mixed materials are calcined at 500-550°C for 90-98 minutes to obtain a silver-loaded ceramic powder;

[0011] Mix 878-983 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and 2-3 parts of silver-loaded ceramic powder evenly, add 3-8 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 4-5 parts of antioxidant SP, and 0.1-0.5 parts of graphene and mix for 33-38 minutes, then add 3-3.7 parts of sulfur and 1-4 parts of zinc oxide and continue mixing for 40-50 minutes, vulcanize at 150-155°C and 10-13MPa pressure for 45-48 minutes, and then increase the temperature to 180-188°C and continue vulcanization.

[0012] Preferably, the sintering conditions are: sintering at 1700-1800° C. for 7-8 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the hydrofluoric acid solution is 1:3-4.

[0014] Preferably, the mass fraction of the hydrofluoric acid is 0.01-0.022%.

[0015] Preferably, the amount of silver nitrate used is 5-6% of the mass of the ceramic powder.

[0016] Preferably, the amount of pectin used is 66-78% of the mass of the ceramic powder.

[0017] Preferably, the amount of calcium chloride used is 8-10% of the mass of the ceramic powder.

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of the silicone rubber layer is as follows: by weight, 2-3 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4-5 parts of zinc borate, 1-2 parts of chromium diboride, 2-2.3 parts of oleic acid amide, and 1-1.4 parts of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone are mixed and injected into an extruder to prepare particles; 25-29 parts of silicone rubber, 8-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-4 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 1-3 parts of cupric oxide, and 2-3 parts of cuprous oxide are mixed and kneaded, and the aforementioned particles are added to extrude and mold at 130-144° C. and a rotation speed of 180 rpm-200 rpm.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Effectively resist viruses, bacteria, and mold to reduce the probability of infection, especially in crowded public places such as hospitals, schools, and offices. Anti-virus and bacteria / fungus cables can significantly reduce the risk of cross-infection, especially in the humid rainy season in the south. The surface of the cable is prone to mold growth. The falling of mold will not only pollute the working environment but may also cause respiratory diseases, etc., providing people with a safer living and working environment.

[0021] 2. Long-lasting protection and easy operation. Compared with traditional cleaning and disinfection methods, anti-virus and anti-bacteria cables provide more lasting protection. The anti-virus and anti-bacteria effect can be maintained for several years, and there is no need for frequent cleaning and disinfection, which saves time and energy and avoids damage to the cable surface caused by improper cleaning. Low maintenance cost and economical.

[0022] 3. Environmentally friendly and safe, healthy and harmless, anti-viral and anti-bacterial materials usually use environmentally friendly materials, which are safe and non-toxic and will not pose a threat to human health. The emission of harmful substances is also strictly controlled during the production and use process, in line with environmental protection standards, to ensure people's health and safety. It has a wide range of uses, both beautiful and practical.

[0023] 4. The ability to resist bacteria, viruses and mold is more than 99.99%.

[0024] - Influenza virus H1N1

[0025] -Human coronavirus E229

[0026] -Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538P

[0027] -Escherichia coli ATCC 8739

[0028] -Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC9642

[0029] -Talaromyces pinophilus ATCC11797

[0030] -Chaetomium globosum ATCC6205

[0031] -Trichoderma virens ATCC9645

[0032] -Aureobasidium pullulans ATCC15233

[0033] 5. The temperature resistance level can be as low as -50℃, so it can be used in an environment with harsher temperature. The cable sheath will not crack after multiple bending, thus extending the life of the cable.

[0034] 6. This cable can adapt to both the extremely cold environment in the north and the humid environment in the south. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention; wherein, 1-wrapping layer, 2-resistant filling layer, 3-antibacterial supporting layer, 4-antibacterial strengthening layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Example 1

[0037] An antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable, comprising an antibacterial coating layer, wherein a wire body and a filler are arranged in the antibacterial coating layer, wherein the wire body and the filler are arranged in the antibacterial coating layer; the antibacterial coating layer comprises a wrapping layer 1, a resistant filling layer 2, an antibacterial support layer 3, and an antibacterial reinforcement layer 4 from the inside to the outside; the wrapping layer 1 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film; the resistant filling layer 2 is a resin-based filler; the antibacterial support layer 3 is a methyl vinyl silicone rubber body; the antibacterial reinforcement layer 4 is a silicone rubber layer; the wrapping layer 1 contains a wire body and a filler;

[0038] The preparation method of the resin-based filler is as follows: by weight, 30 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 10 parts of acrylic resin are mixed and heated to a molten state to obtain a mixture A for standby use; 1 part of silicon nitride, 2 parts of silicon carbide, 5 parts of silicon dioxide, and 40 parts of polyethylene resin are mixed to obtain a mixture B for standby use; 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 66 parts of kerosene are mixed to form a colloid to obtain a mixture C; firstly, the mixture A and the mixture B are mixed in equal mass ratios, stirred at high speed for 33 minutes, and the mixture C, which is 6 times the total amount of the materials, is added and mixed evenly, and coated on the surface of the wrapping layer 1, and deoiled and roll-formed;

[0039] The preparation method of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber body is as follows: by weight, 3 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of magnesium oxide, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.1 parts of yttrium trioxide, 0.3 parts of zirconium oxide, and 20 parts of bagasse are mixed evenly, sintered at 1700° C. for 7 hours to obtain ceramic particles, and ball-milled to obtain ceramic powder;

[0040] The ceramic powder and the hydrofluoric acid solution are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3, soaked at 30°C for 18-22 minutes, silver nitrate and pectin are added, ultrasonically shaken for 20 minutes, calcium chloride is added, and ultrasonically shaken again; all the mixed materials are calcined at 500°C for 90 minutes to obtain silver-loaded ceramic powder;

[0041] The mass fraction of the hydrofluoric acid is 0.01%; the amount of the silver nitrate is 5% of the mass of the ceramic powder; the amount of the pectin is 66% of the mass of the ceramic powder; the amount of the calcium chloride is 8% of the mass of the ceramic powder;

[0042] Mix 878 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and 2 parts of silver-loaded ceramic powder evenly, add 3 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 4 parts of antioxidant SP, and 0.1 parts of graphene and mix for 33 minutes, then add 3 parts of sulfur and 1 part of zinc oxide and continue mixing for 40 minutes, vulcanize at 150°C and 10MPa pressure for 45 minutes, and then raise the temperature to 180°C and continue vulcanization;

[0043] The preparation method of the silicone rubber layer is as follows: by weight, 2 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 parts of zinc borate, 1 part of chromium diboride, 2 parts of oleic acid amide, and 1 part of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone are mixed and injected into an extruder to prepare particles; 25 parts of silicone rubber, 8 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 3 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 1 part of cupric oxide, and 2 parts of cuprous oxide are mixed and kneaded, and the above particles are added to extrude and mold at 130° C. and a rotation speed of 180 rpm.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] An antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable, comprising an antibacterial coating layer, wherein a wire body and a filler are arranged in the antibacterial coating layer, and the antibacterial coating layer comprises, from the inside to the outside, a wrapping layer 1, a resistant filling layer 2, an antibacterial support layer 3, and an antibacterial reinforcement layer 4; the wrapping layer 1 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film; the resistant filling layer 2 is a resin-based filler; the antibacterial support layer 3 is a methyl vinyl silicone rubber body; the antibacterial reinforcement layer 4 is a silicone rubber layer; the wrapping layer (1) contains the wire body and the filler;

[0046] The preparation method of the resin-based filler is as follows: by weight, 50 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 15 parts of acrylic resin are mixed and heated to a molten state to obtain a mixture A for standby use; 3 parts of silicon nitride, 4 parts of silicon carbide, 8 parts of silicon dioxide, and 50 parts of polyethylene resin are mixed to obtain a mixture B for standby use; 15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 68 parts of kerosene are mixed to form a colloid to obtain a mixture C; firstly, the mixture A and the mixture B are mixed in equal mass ratios, stirred at high speed for 36 minutes, and 6.8 times the total amount of the mixture C is added to mix evenly, and coated on the surface of the wrapping layer 1, and deoiled and roll-formed;

[0047] The preparation method of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber body is as follows: by weight, 5 parts of quartz sand, 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.11 parts of yttrium trioxide, 0.4 parts of zirconium oxide, and 25 parts of bagasse are uniformly mixed, sintered at 1800° C. for 8 hours to obtain ceramic particles, and ball-milled to obtain ceramic powder;

[0048] The ceramic powder and the hydrofluoric acid solution were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, and the mixture was soaked at 33°C for 18-22 minutes. Silver nitrate and pectin were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically shaken for 25 minutes. Calcium chloride was added, and the ultrasonic vibration was continued. All the mixed materials were calcined at 550°C for 98 minutes to obtain the silver-loaded ceramic powder.

[0049] The mass fraction of the hydrofluoric acid is 0.022%; the amount of the silver nitrate is 6% of the mass of the ceramic powder; the amount of the pectin is 78% of the mass of the ceramic powder; the amount of the calcium chloride is 10% of the mass of the ceramic powder;

[0050] 983 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and 3 parts of silver-loaded ceramic powder were mixed evenly, 8 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of antioxidant SP, and 0.5 parts of graphene were added and kneaded for 38 minutes, and then 3.7 parts of sulfur and 4 parts of zinc oxide were added and kneaded for 50 minutes. At 155°C and 13MPa pressure, vulcanization was performed for 48 minutes, and the temperature was raised to 188°C and the vulcanization was continued.

[0051] The preparation method of the silicone rubber layer is as follows: by weight, 3 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of zinc borate, 2 parts of chromium diboride, 2.3 parts of oleic acid amide, and 1.4 parts of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone are mixed and injected into an extruder to prepare particles; 29 parts of silicone rubber, 10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 4 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 3 parts of cupric oxide, and 3 parts of cuprous oxide are mixed and kneaded, and the above particles are added to extrude and mold at 144° C. and a rotation speed of 200 rpm.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] An antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable, comprising an antibacterial coating layer, wherein a wire body and a filler are arranged in the antibacterial coating layer, and the antibacterial coating layer comprises a wrapping layer 1, a resistant filling layer 2, an antibacterial support layer 3, and an antibacterial reinforcement layer 4 from the inside to the outside; the wrapping layer 1 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film; the resistant filling layer 2 is a resin-based filler; the antibacterial support layer 3 is a methyl vinyl silicone rubber body; the antibacterial reinforcement layer 4 is a silicone rubber layer; the wrapping layer 1 contains a wire body and a filler;

[0054] The preparation method of the resin-based filler is as follows: by weight, 44 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 13 parts of acrylic resin are mixed and heated to a molten state to obtain a mixture A for standby use; 3 parts of silicon nitride, 2 parts of silicon carbide, 8 parts of silicon dioxide, and 40 parts of polyethylene resin are mixed to obtain a mixture B for standby use; 15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 66 parts of kerosene are mixed to form a colloid to obtain a mixture C; firstly, the mixture A and the mixture B are mixed in equal mass ratios, stirred at high speed for 36 minutes, and the mixture C, which is 6 times the total amount of the materials, is added and mixed evenly, and coated on the surface of the wrapping layer 1, and deoiled and roll-formed;

[0055] The preparation method of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber body is as follows: by weight, 5 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of magnesium oxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.11 parts of yttrium trioxide, 0.4 parts of zirconium oxide, and 20 parts of bagasse are uniformly mixed, sintered at 1800° C. for 7 hours to obtain ceramic particles, and ball-milled to obtain ceramic powder;

[0056] The ceramic powder and the hydrofluoric acid solution were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, soaked at 30°C for 22 minutes, silver nitrate and pectin were added, ultrasonically vibrated for 20 minutes, calcium chloride was added, and ultrasonically vibrated again; all the mixed materials were calcined at 550°C for 90 minutes to obtain the silver-loaded ceramic powder;

[0057] The mass fraction of the hydrofluoric acid is 0.022%; the amount of the silver nitrate is 5% of the mass of the ceramic powder; the amount of the pectin is 78% of the mass of the ceramic powder; the amount of the calcium chloride is 8% of the mass of the ceramic powder;

[0058] Mix 983 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and 2 parts of silver-loaded ceramic powder evenly, add 8 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 4 parts of antioxidant SP, and 0.5 parts of graphene and mix for 33 minutes, then add 3.7 parts of sulfur and 4 parts of zinc oxide and continue mixing for 40 minutes, vulcanize at 155°C and 10MPa pressure for 48 minutes, and then raise the temperature to 180°C and continue vulcanization;

[0059] The preparation method of the silicone rubber layer is as follows: by weight, 3 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 parts of zinc borate, 2 parts of chromium diboride, 2 parts of oleic acid amide, and 1.4 parts of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone are mixed and injected into an extruder to prepare particles; 25 parts of silicone rubber, 10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 4 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 1 part of cupric oxide, and 3 parts of cuprous oxide are mixed and kneaded, and the above particles are added to extrude and molded at 130° C. and a rotation speed of 200 rpm. The silicone rubber is methyl vinyl phenyl silicone rubber.

[0060] Example

[0061] Cables were made according to Examples 1-3, and Comparative Examples 1-2 were set, wherein the methyl vinyl silicone rubber body of Comparative Example 1 was not treated with hydrofluoric acid during production, and the methyl vinyl silicone rubber body of Comparative Example 2 was not treated with calcium chloride during production. The tensile strength of the outer layer of the cable was tested with reference to the determination of tensile properties of plastics in GB / T1040.2-2006. The sample size and thickness of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were consistent. The elongation at break of the outer layer of each group of cables was tested with reference to the determination of bending properties of plastics in GB / T9341-2008.

[0062] A 12 mm diameter disc of each sample was washed, sterilized by ultraviolet light, placed in a culture dish, and 15 ml of agar medium and 13 μL of Staphylococcus aureus (activity 10 6 CFU / mL), and maintained at a constant temperature of 37±0.2℃ for 18h. The blank control is the outer layer of conventional TPE_TPR wire, provided by Suzhou Kewosen Technology Co., Ltd. The calculation formula of antibacterial rate is as follows: Antibacterial rate (%) = (1-C / N) × 100%, C is the test data of each group of samples, and N is the test data of the blank group.

[0063] After the preparation of each group of samples was completed, the samples were placed in an aging box and aged for 80 hours at 80-85°C. The samples were taken out and placed in the soil for 30 days, and the data of each group were tested again. The soil was taken from the garden soil and sterilized at high temperature, and then mixed with 8% EM bacterial solution and 8% Trichoderma bacterial solution. The number of fungi detected exceeded 8.8×10 7 , the number of actinomycetes exceeded 3.4×10 8 The results are as follows:

[0064]

[0065] As can be seen from the table, the cables of Examples 1-3 of the present invention have high strength and good anti-fracture performance. Even after high-temperature aging and microbial treatment in the soil, the overall wire performance remains in good condition. Due to the lack of hydrofluoric acid, the porosity of the silver-carrying ceramic particles in Comparative Example 1 is not optimized, resulting in poor silver adsorption, which is not reflected in the initial stage. However, after the aging treatment of temperature and microorganisms, the antibacterial performance is significantly reduced. This is due to the poor enhanced adsorption effect of its ceramic particles. Due to the lack of calcium chloride treatment, the silver ions in Comparative Example 1 are not fully absorbed after adsorption. The chloride ions are deposited and solidified, resulting in poor silver loading effect, which is easy to cause the loss of silver ions when the environment changes, so the antibacterial effect is poor. Moreover, since the antibacterial properties of Comparative Examples 1-2 are reduced, after the material network strength is reduced after aging, the aging process is accelerated in the microbial treatment, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of the material.

[0066] In general, the cable of the present invention has high biological resistance, anti-virus, anti-bacteria, and anti-fungus, and the cable can effectively inhibit or eliminate viruses, bacteria, and molds that come into contact with its surface. This characteristic is due to a certain proportion of anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal active ingredients such as silver ions and copper ions added to the cable outer sheath material. These ingredients can interact with virus and bacteria / fungus particles, destroy the structure of viruses and bacteria / fungus or inhibit their replication ability, thereby reducing the survival time of viruses and viruses / fungus on the cable surface, and reducing the risk of people being infected by viruses due to contact with contaminated surfaces.

Claims

1. An antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable, characterized in that: It comprises an antibacterial coating layer, in which a wire body and a filler are arranged.

2. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial coating layer comprises, from the inside to the outside, a wrapping layer (1), a resistant filling layer (2), an antibacterial support layer (3), and an antibacterial reinforcement layer (4), wherein the wrapping layer (1) contains a wire body and a filler.

3. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wrapping layer (1) is a polytetrafluoroethylene film.

4. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistant filling layer (2) is a resin-based filler, and is prepared by: mixing 30-50 parts by mass of calcium sulfate whiskers and 10-15 parts of acrylic resin and heating them to a molten state to obtain a mixture A for use; mixing 1-3 parts of silicon nitride, 2-4 parts of silicon carbide, 5-8 parts of silicon dioxide, and 40-50 parts of polyethylene resin to obtain a mixture B for use; mixing 10-15 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 66-68 parts of kerosene to form a colloid to obtain a mixture C; first mixing the mixture A and the mixture B in equal mass ratios, stirring at high speed for 33-36 minutes, adding 6-6.8 times the total amount of the mixture C to mix evenly, coating the mixture on the surface of the wrapping layer (1), and deoiling and roller-forming.

5. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial support layer (3) is a methyl vinyl silicone rubber body, and the preparation method is as follows: by weight, 3-5 parts of quartz sand, 7-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.11 parts of yttrium trioxide, 0.3-0.4 parts of zirconium oxide, and 20-25 parts of bagasse are mixed evenly, sintered to obtain ceramic particles, and ball-milled to obtain ceramic powder; The ceramic powder is mixed with a hydrofluoric acid solution, and soaked at 30-33°C for 18-22 minutes, silver nitrate and pectin are added, ultrasonically shaken for 20-25 minutes, calcium chloride is added, and ultrasonically shaken again; all the mixed materials are calcined at 500-550°C for 90-98 minutes to obtain a silver-loaded ceramic powder; Mix 878-983 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and 2-3 parts of silver-loaded ceramic powder evenly, add 3-8 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 4-5 parts of antioxidant SP, and 0.1-0.5 parts of graphene and mix for 33-38 minutes, then add 3-3.7 parts of sulfur and 1-4 parts of zinc oxide and continue mixing for 40-50 minutes, vulcanize at 150-155°C and 10-13MPa pressure for 45-48 minutes, and then increase the temperature to 180-188°C and continue vulcanization.

6. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sintering conditions are: sintering at 1700-1800° C. for 7-8 hours.

7. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the hydrofluoric acid solution is 1:3-4.

8. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the hydrofluoric acid is 0.01-0.022%; the amount of the silver nitrate is 5-6% of the mass of the ceramic powder.

9. The antibacterial and low-temperature resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amount of pectin used is 66-78% of the mass of the ceramic powder.

10. The antibacterial and low temperature resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amount of calcium chloride used is 8-10% of the mass of the ceramic powder.

11. The antibacterial and low temperature resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial strengthening layer (4) is a silicone rubber layer, and the preparation method is as follows: by weight, 2-3 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4-5 parts of zinc borate, 1-2 parts of chromium diboride, 2-2.3 parts of oleic acid amide, and 1-1.4 parts of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone are mixed and injected into an extruder to prepare particles; 25-29 parts of silicone rubber, 8-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-4 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 1-3 parts of cupric oxide, and 2-3 parts of cuprous oxide are mixed and kneaded, and the above particles are added to extrude and mold at 130-144° C. and a rotation speed of 180 rpm-200 rpm.

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