Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and electronic equipment, belongs to the technical field of antennas, and can solve the problems that the system design requirement cannot be met and the antenna does not have the wide coverage capability due to large scanning gain roll-off caused by the fact that the scanning range is expanded in an existing antenna. The antenna disclosed by the invention comprises a dielectric substrate; the antenna array comprises a plurality of sub-arrays which are arranged side by side along a first direction, each sub-array comprises a plurality of oscillators which are arranged along a second direction, at least one side of the antenna array is provided with a dielectric structure, and the dielectric structure is configured to refract at least part of antenna beams radiated by the antenna array downwards. The antenna can be used for improving large-angle scanning gain roll-off of the antenna, and larger-range scanning coverage of the antenna is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of 5G wireless communication networks, mobile communications are ushering in a new period of prosperity. One of the characteristics of 5G wireless communication systems is that they support large capacity, and the key technical point of large capacity is massive antenna technology (massive MIMO), which requires large-scale antenna arrays as support. As the size of antennas increases, the construction cost of base station systems is also increasing. For urban scenarios with large capacity requirements and dense coverage, it can also absorb the increase in the construction cost of traditional three-sector base station systems. However, in rural areas with vast land and sparse population, the distance between sites is larger than in cities. If the urban site design continues to be used, the cost will increase significantly. Therefore, based on rural scenarios, the base station system has put forward higher demands for wide coverage capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an antenna and electronic equipment that can increase the scanning angle and improve the radiation coverage.

[0004] In a first aspect, the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is an antenna, comprising:

[0005] dielectric substrate;

[0006] An antenna array, the antenna array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, each sub-array comprising a plurality of oscillators arranged along a second direction, wherein:

[0007] A dielectric structure is disposed on at least one side of the antenna array, and the dielectric structure is configured to refract at least a portion of the antenna beam radiated by the antenna array.

[0008] In some embodiments, the dielectric structure is disposed on both sides of the antenna array along the first direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dielectric structure includes multiple dielectric layers, and the thickness of each dielectric layer along a direction away from the antenna array is 0.001λ to 0.1λ, where λ is a unit of wavelength.

[0010] In some embodiments, the dielectric structure includes multiple dielectric layers, and the dielectric constant of each dielectric layer increases along a direction away from the antenna array.

[0011] In some embodiments, the height of the portion of the dielectric structure protruding from the antenna array is 0.1λ to 0.5λ, where λ is a unit of wavelength.

[0012] In some embodiments, a distance between one side of the antenna array and the dielectric structure located on the side is less than 0.5λ, where λ is a unit of wavelength.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thickness of the multiple dielectric layers is equal in a direction away from the antenna array.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness of the multiple dielectric layers increases successively along a direction away from the antenna array.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dielectric structure includes a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer arranged in sequence away from the antenna array, wherein the thicknesses of the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are equal, and the thickness of the second dielectric layer is greater than the thickness of the first dielectric layer or the thickness of the third dielectric layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material of the dielectric structure is any one of a dielectric material, a metal supersurface material with a gradient dielectric constant, or a mixed material of a dielectric and a metal supersurface with a gradient dielectric constant.

[0017] In some embodiments, a width of an orthographic projection of the dielectric structure along the first direction is equal to a width of an orthographic projection of the antenna array in the first direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes an antenna cover disposed on a side of the antenna array facing away from the dielectric substrate.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1a-1b They are schematic diagrams of a 3-sector architecture and a 2-sector architecture in the prior art respectively;

[0021] Figure 2 A top view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3 A side view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 4 A simulation result diagram of a gain roll-off scan provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 5 A side view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Fig.10 A top view of a sub-array provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, similar words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate quantity restrictions, but indicate that there is at least one. Similar words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Similar words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0032] Figure 1a-1b They are schematic diagrams of a 3-sector architecture and a 2-sector architecture in the prior art. Figure 1a-1bAs shown, the 3-sector architecture includes three sectors, that is, one site has three antennas, each sector is 120°, and in the 2-sector architecture, each sector is 180°. However, the 3-sector architecture will have the following problems: difficult site selection and high cost; high tower load-bearing requirements, increased construction difficulty; high base station material cost, increased system maintenance cost. For areas with wide coverage and relatively low capacity, there is no need to use a 3-sector structure, and a 2-sector architecture with two-sided antennas will be better. The use of a 2-sector architecture has the advantages of reducing the difficulty of site selection, reducing the difficulty of tower operation and maintenance, reducing the number of antenna surfaces, and reducing material costs and packaging costs. Therefore, based on the scenario of using a 2-sector architecture, such as rural areas, in order to improve the base station antenna beam scanning range, adapt to the scenario of wide coverage requirements, and achieve a low-cost, green and energy-saving wireless network, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna.

[0033] Figure 2 A top view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 A side view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the antenna comprises: a dielectric substrate 1, an antenna array 2 and a dielectric structure 3. The antenna array 2 comprises a plurality of sub-arrays 20 arranged side by side along a first direction Y, each sub-array 20 comprises a plurality of vibrators 201 arranged along a second direction X, and a dielectric structure 3 is arranged on at least one side of the antenna array 2, and the dielectric structure 3 is configured to refract at least part of the antenna beam radiated by the antenna array 2.

[0034] Specifically, the subarray 20 of the antenna array 2 is an antenna array system composed of a number of identical vibrators 201 arranged in a certain pattern, which is mainly used to enhance the directivity of the antenna and improve the gain coefficient of the antenna. Among them, the vibrator 201 is a radiation patch, which has the function of guiding and amplifying electromagnetic waves, and is used to receive / send electromagnetic wave signals, so that the electromagnetic signals received / sent by the antenna are stronger. The vibrator 201 is generally made of metal with good conductivity, and the vibrator 201 is responsible for converting high-frequency current into electromagnetic waves. In wireless communications, the vibrator 201 is usually made of copper or aluminum, and the shape and size of the vibrator 201 depend on the required operating frequency and the type of antenna. For example, the outline of the vibrator 201 can be circular, square, pentagonal, or other shapes, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0035] For example, Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a top view of a subarray provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.10 As shown, each sub-array includes a first vibrator 2011 and a second vibrator 2012 , and both the first vibrator 2011 and the second vibrator 2012 have a plurality of first slots 2030 . Fig.10The device includes a plurality of first oscillators 2011 and a plurality of second oscillators 2012, wherein a first oscillator 2011 and a second oscillator 2012 form a sub-array, and the connecting part of the sub-array is a cavity 2020. The current signal is electrically connected to the cavity 2020 through the feeder, and then coupled to the first slot 2030 of the radiation structure, and radiates outward along the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first vibrator 2011 and the second vibrator 2012 have a semicircular outline, both having an arc edge and a straight edge, and the first groove 2030 passes through the straight edge.

[0037] In traditional array antenna applications, the beam scanning coverage range can only reach about 60°. When the scanning coverage range is ±60°, the gain in the normal direction (0°) is the largest. As the scanning coverage angle increases, the gain of the antenna decreases, and the larger the scanning angle, the greater the gain roll-off. If you want to further expand the scanning coverage range, the antenna cannot meet the system design requirements due to the large scanning gain roll-off and does not have wide coverage capabilities.

[0038] The antenna array 2 includes six sides, including two sides relatively arranged along the first direction Y (the left and right sides of the antenna array), two sides relatively arranged along the second direction X (the front and rear sides of the antenna array), and two sides relatively arranged along the third direction Z (the upper and lower sides of the antenna array). Generally, the dielectric structure 3 can be set on one or more sides of the antenna array 2 according to the antenna scanning angle. If a large angle scanning is required on any side of the antenna array 2, the dielectric structure 3 is set on the corresponding side. When it is necessary to set the dielectric structure 3 on multiple sides, the dielectric structures 3 set on the multiple sides may also be different in thickness, dielectric constant, distance from the antenna array 2, height, etc., which can be flexibly set according to the antenna scanning angle.

[0039] After the dielectric structure 3 is set on at least one side of the antenna array 2, when the antenna scans at a large angle, part of the radiated antenna beam m is irradiated onto the dielectric structure 3, and the antenna beam is pulled to refract in the large angle direction n, realizing beam deflection and achieving a large angle scanning effect. The antenna gain at a large angle is improved, thereby improving the scanning gain roll-off (gain roll-off = maximum gain - corresponding angle gain) of the array antenna at a large angle (array beam scanning angle>55°), and realizing a wider range of scanning coverage of the base station antenna.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a simulation result diagram of a gain roll-off scan provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the simulation diagram includes scanning result diagrams in the normal direction, 60° direction and 70° direction. Compared with the case where the dielectric structure 3 is not added, the gain roll-off of the antenna scanning to 90° is improved by about 0.6 dB.

[0041] In the disclosed embodiment, the antenna large-angle scanning gain roll-off problem is improved by adding an additional dielectric structure 3 on the side of the antenna array 2. Without affecting the normal gain, the large-angle scanning capability of the array antenna is improved, and the coverage range of the array antenna is increased.

[0042] In some embodiments, dielectric structures 3 are provided on both sides of the antenna array 2 along the first direction Y.

[0043] Specifically, the dielectric structure 3 is generally not set on the upper and lower sides of the antenna array 2, otherwise it will affect the front radiation. Of course, in special cases, the dielectric structure 3 can also be set on the upper and lower sides of the antenna array 2 as needed. And the dielectric structure is generally not set on the front and back sides of the antenna array 2. Therefore, when improving the large-angle scanning capability of the antenna, generally only the horizontal direction is considered, that is, the dielectric structure 3 is flexibly set on both sides along the first direction Y according to the antenna scanning angle.

[0044] In some embodiments, the dielectric structure 3 includes multiple dielectric layers, and the thickness of each dielectric layer along the direction away from the antenna array 2 is 0.001λ to 0.1λ, where λ is a unit of wavelength.

[0045] Specifically, the number of layers of the dielectric structure 3 is generally determined by the size of the scanning angle, and generally more than 3 layers are required. Of course, when the number of layers of the dielectric structure 3 is less than 3 layers, it is also effective in improving the large-angle scanning capability of the antenna. Generally, the thickness of the dielectric layer should not be set too thick, because if the thickness of the dielectric layer is too thick, the dielectric loss will increase. The thickness of the dielectric layer is generally set at 0.001λ to 0.1λ, where λ is the unit of wavelength, which can meet the requirements of the scanning angle while taking into account the loss of the dielectric.

[0046] In some embodiments, the dielectric structure 3 includes multiple dielectric layers, and the dielectric constant of each dielectric layer increases along a direction away from the antenna array 2 .

[0047] Specifically, when the dielectric structure 3 includes multiple dielectric layers, the more the gradient constant of the dielectric layer changes, the better the matching will be. In order to achieve a better effect, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer farther away from the antenna array 2 is greater.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the dielectric structure 3 includes multiple dielectric layers, the multiple dielectric layers have equal thicknesses along a direction away from the antenna array 2 .

[0049] In some embodiments, when the dielectric structure 3 includes multiple dielectric layers, the thicknesses of the multiple dielectric layers increase in sequence along a direction away from the antenna array 2 .

[0050] In some embodiments, when the dielectric structure 3 includes a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer arranged in sequence away from the antenna array 2, the thickness of the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are equal, and the thickness of the second dielectric layer is greater than the thickness of the first dielectric layer or the thickness of the third dielectric layer.

[0051] Specifically, the thickness of the dielectric structure 3 will affect the impedance matching and radiation direction of the antenna. A thicker dielectric structure 3 will cause the impedance of the antenna to be higher, and a thinner dielectric structure 3 will cause the impedance of the antenna to be lower. Therefore, when designing the antenna, it is necessary to select a suitable thickness of the dielectric structure 3 according to the required impedance value. When the dielectric structure 3 includes multiple dielectric layers, the thickness of the multiple dielectric layers can be the same or different. When the thickness of the multiple dielectric layers is different, the thickness of the multiple dielectric layers can be set to increase in sequence in the direction away from the antenna array 2, or the thickness of the dielectric layers on both sides can be relatively thin, and the thickness of the dielectric layer in the middle layer can be relatively thick. The present disclosure does not limit the thickness of the multiple dielectric layers of the dielectric structure 3, and it can be flexibly set according to the antenna scanning angle.

[0052] Figure 5 A side view of an antenna provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] In some embodiments, the height d of the portion of the dielectric structure 3 protruding from the antenna array 2 is 0.1λ to 0.5λ, where λ is a unit of wavelength.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the height d of the portion of the dielectric structure 3 protruding from the antenna array 2 is limited by the acceptable height of the antenna as a whole and should not be too high. At the same time, in order to allow the antenna beam radiated by the antenna array 2 to be refracted downward by the dielectric structure 3 and not affect the implementation effect of the antenna, the height d of the portion of the dielectric structure 3 protruding from the antenna array 2 should not be too low, and is generally set to 0.1λ~0.5λ, where λ is a wavelength unit.

[0055] It should be noted that, in addition to the portion protruding from the antenna array 2, the dielectric structure 3 may also include a second portion, and the projection of the second portion in the first direction Y partially or completely overlaps with the projection of the antenna array 2 in the first direction Y. Of course, the dielectric structure 3 may also only include the portion protruding from the antenna array 2, excluding the second portion, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0056] In some embodiments, a distance d1 between one side of the antenna array 2 and the dielectric structure 3 located on the side is less than 0.5λ, where λ is a unit of wavelength.

[0057] Specifically, if the distance d1 between one side of the antenna array 2 and the dielectric structure 3 located on the side is too large, the implementation effect of the antenna will be affected.

[0058] In some embodiments, a width w1 of an orthographic projection of the dielectric structure 3 along the first direction Y is equal to a width w2 of an orthographic projection of the antenna array 2 in the first direction Y.

[0059] Specifically, the width of the dielectric structure 3 is equal to the width of the antenna array 2, which can ensure a better radiation effect.

[0060] In some embodiments, the material of the dielectric structure is any one of a dielectric material, a metal supersurface material with a gradient dielectric constant, or a mixed material of a dielectric and a metal supersurface with a gradient dielectric constant. The dielectric material can be FR4, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramic, glass-based, and the like.

[0061] Specifically, the dielectric structure 3 may be a pure dielectric, or a metal metasurface with a gradient equivalent dielectric constant may be used to replace the pure dielectric, or a mixture of the two may be used, and the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0062] In some embodiments, the antenna includes not only a dielectric substrate 1 , an antenna array 2 and a dielectric structure 3 , but also an antenna cover 6 , which is arranged on a side of the antenna array 2 away from the dielectric substrate 1 .

[0063] Specifically, the distance between the antenna cover 6 and the vibrator 201 cannot be too close. On the one hand, if the distance between the antenna cover 6 and the vibrator 201 is too close, the radiation of the vibrator 201 will be affected; on the other hand, if the distance between the antenna cover 6 and the vibrator 201 is too close, when the antenna cover 6 is affected by the external environment and deforms and sags, it will also affect the vibrator 201. The distance between the vibrator 201 and the antenna cover 6 is related to the material of the dielectric substrate 1. Generally, the distance between the side of the vibrator 201 close to the antenna cover 6 and the side of the antenna cover 6 close to the vibrator 201 is greater than 3 mm.

[0064] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, dielectric structures 3 are provided on both sides of the antenna array 2 along the first direction Y, and part of the dielectric structure 3 is located at the upper end of the array antenna 2. The dielectric structure 3 has a total of three dielectric layers, namely the first layer, the second layer and the third layer. The thickness of each dielectric layer in the direction away from the antenna array 2 is equal, and is 0.01λ; the dielectric constant relationship of the three dielectric layers is: the first layer < the second layer < the third layer; the dielectric structure 3 exceeds the upper surface of the antenna array 2 by 0.1 to 0.5λ; the dielectric structure 3 is less than 0.5λ away from the edge of the antenna array 2 d1. According to the refractive index, the beam radiated by the antenna array 2 to the dielectric structure 3 will be refracted downward by the dielectric structure 3 to achieve beam deflection and a large-angle scanning effect.

[0065] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of another antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, dielectric structures 3 are provided on both sides of the antenna array 2 along the first direction Y, and part of the dielectric structure 3 is located at the upper end of the array antenna 2. The dielectric structure 3 has a total of three dielectric layers, namely the first layer, the second layer and the third layer. The thickness of the first layer is 0.01λ, the thickness of the second layer is 0.015λ, and the thickness of the third layer is 0.02λ; the dielectric constant relationship of the three dielectric layers is: the first layer < the second layer < the third layer; the dielectric structure 3 exceeds the upper surface of the antenna array 2 by 0.1 to 0.5λ; the dielectric structure 3 is less than 0.5λ from the edge of the antenna array 2 d1. According to the refractive index, the beam radiated by the antenna array 2 to the dielectric structure 3 will be refracted downward by the dielectric structure 3 to achieve beam deflection and a large-angle scanning effect.

[0066] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of another antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, dielectric structures 3 are provided on both sides of the antenna array 2 along the first direction Y, and part of the dielectric structure 3 is located at the upper end of the array antenna 2. The dielectric structure 3 has a total of three dielectric layers, namely the first layer, the second layer and the third layer. The thickness of the first layer is 0.01λ, the thickness of the second layer is 0.01λ, and the thickness of the third layer is 0.02λ; the dielectric constant relationship of the three dielectric layers is: the first layer < the second layer < the third layer; the dielectric structure 3 exceeds the upper surface of the antenna array 2 by 0.1 to 0.5λ; the dielectric structure 3 is less than 0.5λ from the edge of the antenna array 2 d1. According to the refractive index, the beam radiated by the antenna array 2 to the dielectric structure 3 will be refracted downward by the dielectric structure 3 to achieve beam deflection and a large-angle scanning effect.

[0067] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of another antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, dielectric structures 3 are provided on both sides of the antenna array 2 along the first direction Y, and part of the dielectric structure 3 is located at the upper end of the array antenna 2. The dielectric structure 3 has a total of 4 dielectric layers, namely the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer. The thickness of the first layer is 0.01λ, the thickness of the second layer is 0.015λ, the thickness of the third layer is 0.02λ, and the thickness of the fourth layer is 0.025λ; the dielectric constant relationship of the three dielectric layers is: the first layer < the second layer < the third layer < the fourth layer; the dielectric structure 3 exceeds the upper surface of the antenna array 2 by 0.1 to 0.5λ; the dielectric structure 3 is less than 0.5λ from the edge of the antenna array 2 d1. According to the refractive index, the beam radiated by the antenna array 2 to the dielectric structure 3 will be refracted downward by the dielectric structure 3 to achieve beam deflection and achieve a large-angle scanning effect.

[0068] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a dielectric structure 3 disposed on at least one side of the antenna array 2, so that at least part of the antenna beam radiated from the antenna array 2 is irradiated on the dielectric structure 3, and the antenna beam is pulled to refract in a large angle direction, thereby achieving beam deflection and achieving a large-angle scanning effect. In addition, without affecting the normal gain, the large-angle scanning capability of the antenna is improved, and the antenna coverage range is increased.

[0069] In some embodiments, the antenna includes not only a dielectric substrate 1, an antenna array 2, a dielectric structure 3 and a radome 6, but also a feeding structure.

[0070] Specifically, the feeding structure is used to feed the antenna array 2 , and the feeding structure includes a plurality of feeding lines, and the current signal is coupled into the antenna array 2 through the feeding lines.

[0071] The feeding structure of the antenna can adopt microstrip coupling feeding. Coupling feeding refers to the conduction of electric energy by coupling between two circuit elements or circuit networks that are not in contact but have a certain small distance in the fields of communication and so on. One of the elements obtains energy without direct contact with the electric energy conduction system. When feeding with a microstrip line, the feed line and the microstrip patch are coplanar, so they can be conveniently photolithographed together, which is easy to make. However, the feed line itself also radiates, thereby interfering with the antenna pattern and reducing the gain. For this reason, it is generally required that the microstrip line should not be too wide, and it is hoped that the microstrip line width is much smaller than the wavelength. The matching of the antenna input impedance and the characteristic impedance can be achieved by properly selecting the position of the feeding point. If the field changes along the width of the rectangular patch, the input impedance changes when the feed line moves along the width, thus providing a simple way to match the impedance. The change of the feeding position changes the coupling between the feed line and the antenna, thereby causing a small drift in the resonant frequency, while the radiation pattern remains unchanged. However, a slight change in the patch size can compensate for the drift of the resonant frequency. The antenna feeding structure may also adopt other feeding methods, which are not limited in the present disclosure.

[0072] In some embodiments, the feeding structure includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, and the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure have different feeding directions.

[0073] In some embodiments, the feeding structure is composed of a Wilkinson power divider and a one-to-many power divider. Specifically, the one-to-many power divider can be a one-to-three power divider, a one-to-four power divider or a one-to-six power divider, or other one-to-many power dividers. The selection of a specific one-to-many power divider can be selected according to the number of vibrators 201 in the subarray. It can be understood that the number of one-to-many power dividers can be two or more, and can also be specifically selected by the number of vibrators 201 in the subarray. The one-to-many power divider is illustrated by taking a one-to-three power divider as an example. One end of the Wilson power divider corresponds to the first feeding port, and the Wilkinson power divider is connected to the one-to-many power divider. The multiple ports of the one-to-many power divider correspond to multiple second feeding ports, and are respectively connected to the vibrators 201.

[0074] In some embodiments, the feeding structure 2 and the vibrator 201 are respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric substrate 1. In this case, the feeding structure and the vibrator 201 are fed by direct contact. Specifically, by setting a small hole on the dielectric substrate 1, the feeding structure and the vibrator 201 can be directly contacted through the small hole for feeding. At the same time, the feeding structure and the vibrator 201 are respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric substrate 1, which can save the area of ​​the antenna array. Of course, the feeding structure and the vibrator 201 can also be arranged on the same layer, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0075] In some embodiments, the feed line of the feeding structure is routed in an arc-shaped route or a serpentine-shaped route.

[0076] In some embodiments, in order to achieve impedance matching, a quarter-slope impedance transformation section is added to the second end of the microstrip feed line.

[0077] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, comprising any antenna in the above embodiments.

[0078] In some examples, the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure also includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the electronic device can be used as a transmitting antenna or as a receiving antenna. Among them, the transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end, and the baseband provides a signal of at least one frequency band, for example, 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, etc., and sends a signal of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the electronic device receives the signal, it can be processed by the filtering unit, the power amplifier, the signal amplifier, and the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0079] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit, and is used to modulate the signal sent by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate the various types of signals provided by the baseband and then send them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit transmits the signal to the demodulation circuit, and the demodulation circuit demodulates the signal and transmits it to the receiving end.

[0080] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, and the signal amplifier and the power amplifier are connected to a filtering unit, and the filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. In the process of sending signals by the electronic device, the signal amplifier is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the RF transceiver and then transmit it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the RF transceiver and then transmit it to the filtering unit; the filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit, and the filtering unit combines the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier and transmits them to the antenna after filtering out clutter, and the antenna radiates the signal. In the process of receiving signals by the electronic device, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit, and the filtering unit filters out clutter from the signal received by the antenna and then transmits it to the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, and the signal amplifier amplifies the signal received by the antenna to increase the signal-to-noise ratio; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal received by the antenna. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the RF transceiver, and the RF transceiver transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0081] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, which is not limited herein.

[0082] In some examples, the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, which is connected to a power amplifier to provide the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying a signal.

[0083] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: dielectric substrate; An antenna array, the antenna array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, each sub-array comprising a plurality of oscillators arranged along a second direction, wherein: A dielectric structure is disposed on at least one side of the antenna array, and the dielectric structure is configured to refract at least a portion of the antenna beam radiated by the antenna array.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The dielectric structure is arranged on both sides of the antenna array along the first direction.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The dielectric structure includes multiple dielectric layers, and the thickness of each dielectric layer along the direction away from the antenna array is 0.001λ to 0.1λ, where λ is a wavelength unit.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric structure includes multiple dielectric layers, and the dielectric constant of each dielectric layer increases along a direction away from the antenna array.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The height of the portion of the dielectric structure protruding from the antenna array is 0.1λ to 0.5λ, where λ is a wavelength unit.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between one side of the antenna array and the dielectric structure located on the side is less than 0.5λ, where λ is a wavelength unit.

7. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the multi-layer dielectric layers is equal in a direction away from the antenna array.

8. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the multi-layer dielectric layers increases gradually along a direction away from the antenna array.

9. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dielectric structure includes a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer arranged in sequence away from the antenna array, wherein the thickness of the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are equal, and the thickness of the second dielectric layer is greater than the thickness of the first dielectric layer or the thickness of the third dielectric layer.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the dielectric structure is any one of a dielectric material, a metal supersurface material with a gradient dielectric constant, or a mixed material of a dielectric and a metal supersurface with a gradient dielectric constant.

11. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the orthographic projection of the dielectric structure along the first direction is equal to the width of the orthographic projection of the antenna array in the first direction.

12. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna further comprises an antenna cover, which is arranged on a side of the antenna array away from the dielectric substrate.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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