Real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system for underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system, which comprises a data acquisition layer and a monitoring control layer, and is characterized in that the data acquisition layer comprises data monitoring equipment and data acquisition equipment, the data monitoring equipment is used for monitoring structure parameter information of a gas storage chamber, and the data acquisition equipment is used for acquiring the structure parameter information of the gas storage chamber; the data acquisition equipment is used for analyzing and processing the structure parameter information to form monitoring data; the monitoring control layer comprises a communication device, a network security guarantee device and a remote monitoring management device, the communication device is used for transmitting the monitoring data to the network security guarantee device, and the network security guarantee device is used for performing network security management on the monitoring data; and the remote monitoring management equipment is used for monitoring and managing the monitoring data transmitted to the network security guarantee equipment. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber can be automatically monitored, various types of physical quantities can be automatically and comprehensively monitored in real time, and the safe operation state of the gas storage chamber can be effectively mastered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring, and in particular relates to a real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system for underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology, which stores high-pressure air in underground caverns or hydraulic vessels and releases it on demand to drive turbines for power generation, has been widely adopted in power systems due to its advantages, such as high energy storage density and long cycle life. However, this technology also carries some potential safety risks, such as rupture and leakage of the storage chamber, which could pose a threat to the environment and human health.

[0003] In the extraction and transportation of natural gas and oil, high-pressure gas storage tanks and pipelines are critical infrastructure, subject to immense pressure. To ensure safety, various monitoring methods are often employed, such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, leak detection devices, and pipeline integrity management systems, to monitor and respond to status changes in real time.

[0004] Compared to traditional surface gas storage tanks, underground gas storage chambers, buried hundreds of meters deep, present even greater challenges for maintenance, inspection, and safety monitoring. Chambers experience rapid temperature fluctuations and high-temperature, high-pressure cycles, which can lead to cracking of the surrounding rock and fatigue of steel plates, compromising their stability and safety. Therefore, comprehensive monitoring of key chamber indicators such as deformation, seepage pressure, and stress response is crucial.

[0005] Traditional monitoring methods are often limited to normal temperature and pressure environments and fail to fully consider the impact of extreme environments. For example, electrical sensors can only withstand temperatures of around 80°C, while underground chamber temperatures can reach hundreds of degrees Celsius and gas pressures can reach tens of megapascals, posing a significant challenge to traditional monitoring.

[0006] In recent years, fiber optic sensing technology has attracted attention in underground engineering monitoring due to its high precision, high sensitivity, and excellent anti-interference capabilities. However, existing systems often monitor only a single parameter, making it difficult to achieve automated, comprehensive monitoring of the entire cross-section. Furthermore, they lack the ability to account for the coordinated deformation effects of temperature and stress. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide an intelligent system for real-time automatic safety monitoring of underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers, so as to realize automatic, comprehensive and real-time monitoring of various types of physical quantities, effectively grasp the safe operation status of the gas storage chamber, reduce the cost of manual observation, and solve the technical problem of comprehensive, automatic and accurate monitoring of the safety status of the gas storage chamber under high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system for underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers, including a data acquisition layer and a monitoring and control layer.

[0009] The data acquisition layer includes a data monitoring device and a data acquisition device. The data monitoring device is used to monitor the structural parameter information of the gas storage chamber. The data acquisition device is used to analyze and process the structural parameter information to form monitoring data and transmit it to the communication device.

[0010] The monitoring and control layer includes communication equipment, network security equipment and remote monitoring and management equipment. The communication equipment is used to transmit monitoring data to the network security equipment, the network security equipment is used to perform network security management of the monitoring data, and the remote monitoring and management equipment is used to remotely monitor and manage the gas storage chamber based on the monitoring data transmitted to the network security equipment.

[0011] Furthermore, the data monitoring equipment includes FBG point sensing equipment arranged on the safety monitoring section of the gas storage chamber, and the FBG point sensing equipment includes FBG multi-point displacement meter, FBG anchor stress meter, FBG piezometer, FBG pressure gauge, FBG rebar meter and FBG thermometer;

[0012] The FBG multi-point displacement meter is installed in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber;

[0013] The FBG anchor stress meter is installed on the anchor to be tested in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber to monitor the stress of the anchor in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber;

[0014] The FBG piezometer is installed on the periphery of the lining of the gas storage chamber to monitor the osmotic pressure on the periphery of the lining of the gas storage chamber;

[0015] The FBG pressure gauge is installed on the periphery of the lining of the gas storage chamber to monitor the pressure on the lining of the gas storage chamber;

[0016] The FBG steel bar meter is installed on the steel bar to be measured on the top of the lining of the gas storage chamber to monitor the stress of the steel bar in the lining of the gas storage chamber;

[0017] The FBG thermometer is installed on the inner lining surface of the gas storage chamber to monitor the local temperature of the inner lining of the gas storage chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, the FBG multi-point displacement meter, FBG anchor stress meter, FBG piezometer, FBG pressure meter, FBG rebar meter and FBG thermometer are respectively configured with independent identification codes.

[0019] Furthermore, an optical fiber splicing box is provided in the surrounding rock outside the gas storage chamber. The FBG multi-point displacement meter, FBG anchor stress meter, FBG piezometer, FBG pressure gauge, FBG rebar meter and FBG thermometer are respectively connected to the data acquisition equipment through optical cables. Multiple strands of optical cables are gathered into a single bundle of optical fibers at the optical fiber splicing box, and the single bundle of optical fibers is connected to the data acquisition equipment.

[0020] Furthermore, the data monitoring device further comprises a sensing optical cable linear sensing device, wherein the sensing optical cable linear sensing device comprises a strain sensing optical cable, a temperature sensing optical cable and a vibration sensing optical cable;

[0021] The strain sensing optical cable is installed on the surface of the steel plate sealing layer of the gas storage chamber to monitor the overall stress distribution information of the steel plate;

[0022] The temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration sensing optical cable are combined into a composite optical cable, which is arranged close to the inner wall of the steel plate sealing layer of the gas storage chamber. The temperature sensing optical cable is used for steel plate temperature field information, and the vibration sensing optical cable is used to monitor gas leakage information in the gas storage chamber.

[0023] Furthermore, the data acquisition equipment includes an FBG demodulator, a composite optical cable demodulator and a strain optical cable demodulator. The FBG demodulator is connected to the FBG point sensing device through an optical cable, the composite optical cable demodulator is connected to the temperature sensing optical cable and vibration sensing optical cable of the sensing optical cable linear sensing device, and the strain optical cable demodulator is connected to the strain sensing optical cable of the sensing optical cable linear sensing device.

[0024] Furthermore, the communication equipment includes a plurality of switches and a plurality of communication optical cables, and the plurality of switches and the plurality of communication optical cables form an optical cable ring network to realize two-way communication between the data acquisition equipment and the network security protection equipment.

[0025] Furthermore, the network security protection equipment includes a data security component, which is an independent server for storing and securely managing detection data. The independent server is configured with a UPS, an independent IP and a firewall.

[0026] Furthermore, the network security protection device includes a network security component, which includes a virtual private network, anti-virus and anti-malware software, multiple authentication information, data encryption technology and a backup system.

[0027] Furthermore, it is characterized in that: the network security protection device includes a device security component, and the device security component is used to set the identification code of the data monitoring device.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The present invention adopts a fully open, hierarchical, distributed automation system structure, consisting of two layers: a data acquisition layer and a monitoring and control layer. The data acquisition layer is primarily responsible for collecting safety monitoring data. The monitoring and control layer is the core of the automation system, issuing automated telemetry commands to the FBG devices connected to the data acquisition layer to obtain various types of monitoring data. The monitoring and control layer is responsible for receiving, processing, and analyzing the monitoring data transmitted back from the data acquisition layer, and implementing monitoring and early warning for the safety status of underground high-temperature and high-pressure chambers. The entire intelligent monitoring system can effectively monitor and analyze the deformation, seepage, and stress strain of the gas storage chamber. It can also determine the absolute deformation of the tunnel section relative to a fixed point deep in the surrounding rock, enabling automatic monitoring of underground high-temperature and high-pressure environments. It also realizes automatic, comprehensive, and real-time monitoring of various types of physical quantities, effectively grasping the safe operating status of the gas storage chamber.

[0030] The data acquisition layer of the present invention cleverly combines "point" FBG instruments with "line" sensing optical cables to construct a fully open hierarchical distributed automated monitoring system, achieving a breakthrough in the combination of comprehensive monitoring and point-line integration, providing a more comprehensive and accurate solution for underground engineering monitoring, which not only improves the comprehensiveness of monitoring, but also enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0031] The monitoring and control layer of the present invention has a remote control function, which makes system adjustment and optimization more convenient and efficient, and significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of safety monitoring; at the same time, remote monitoring reduces the frequency and cost of manual inspections, further reduces potential risks, and provides a strong technical guarantee for the safe and stable operation of underground engineering facilities; the gas storage chamber safety monitoring automation system established in this way improves the gas storage chamber safety status perception ability, increases the observation frequency, and saves a lot of manual observation and maintenance costs.

[0032] The data acquisition equipment of the present invention, mainly composed of FBG instruments and sensing optical cables, can withstand high temperature and high pressure environments, solving the problem of difficulty in grasping the safety status and operating performance of gas storage chambers in high temperature and high pressure environments, and realizing the comprehensive perception, transmission and application of safety monitoring information in extreme environments.

[0033] The present invention realizes the automatic monitoring of temperature field and overall strain. By analyzing the changes in the optical signal output by the optical cable, it can accurately judge the overall temperature field changes, overall deformation degree and direction of the steel plate sealing layer, providing important data support for safety evaluation; it realizes gas leakage monitoring of gas storage chambers based on vibration sensing, solves the key technical problem of the difficulty in effectively monitoring gas leakage in underground gas storage chambers, and provides a scientific basis for the airtightness monitoring and subsequent maintenance of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the data acquisition equipment around the gas storage chamber of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the safety monitoring section of the gas storage chamber of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the figure.

[0038] In the figure, 1-monitoring and control layer; 2-communication equipment; 2.1-switch; 2.2-communication optical cable; 3-network security equipment; 3.1-data security component; 3.2-network security component; 3.3-equipment security component; 4-remote monitoring and management equipment; 5-data acquisition layer; 6-data monitoring equipment; 6.1-FBG multi-point displacement meter; 6.2-FBG anchor stress meter; 6.3-FBG piezometer; 6.4-FBG pressure gauge; 6.5-FBG rebar meter; 6.6-FBG thermometer; 6.7-strain sensing optical cable; 6.8-composite optical cable; 6.9-fiber optic splice box; 7-data acquisition equipment; 7.1-FBG demodulator; 7.2-strain optical cable demodulator; 7.3-composite optical cable demodulator; 8-lining; 9-inner lining; 10-gas storage chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is a further description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0040] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system for underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers, including a data acquisition layer 5 and a monitoring and control layer 1.

[0041] The data acquisition layer 5 is mainly responsible for collecting safety monitoring data. The data acquisition layer 5 includes a data monitoring device 6 and a data acquisition device 7. The data monitoring device 6 is used to monitor the structural parameter information of the gas storage chamber. The data acquisition device 7 is used to analyze and process the structural parameter information to form monitoring data and transmit it to the communication device 2.

[0042] The monitoring center control layer 1 is the core of this automation system, primarily responsible for receiving, processing, and analyzing data transmitted back from the data acquisition layer, and implementing monitoring and early warning for the safety status of the underground high-temperature and high-pressure chamber. The monitoring control layer 1 includes communication equipment 2, network security equipment 3, and remote monitoring and management equipment 4. The communication equipment 1 is used to transmit monitoring data to the network security equipment 3. The network security equipment 3 is used to perform network security management of the monitoring data. The remote monitoring and management equipment 4 is used to remotely monitor and manage the gas storage chamber based on the monitoring data transmitted to the network security equipment.

[0043] The real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system for underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers provided by the present invention can realize automatic, comprehensive and real-time monitoring of various types of physical quantities, effectively grasp the safe operation status of the gas storage chamber, reduce the cost of manual observation, and solve the technical difficulties of being difficult to fully and automatically monitor the safety status of the gas storage chamber under high-temperature and high-pressure environments, avoid the disadvantages of affecting stress measurements under temperature change conditions, and accurately monitor the safety status of the gas storage chamber.

[0044] It is understood that the data monitoring equipment 6 and the data acquisition equipment 7 are arranged in a coordinated manner. Specifically, the data monitoring equipment 6 comprises FBG (fiber Bragg grating) point sensors and optical fiber line sensors, located on the safety monitoring section of the gas storage chamber. The optical fiber line sensors and associated optical fiber analyzers are also included. The FBG point sensors are connected to the associated demodulation equipment via optical cables, while the optical fiber line sensors are connected to the associated demodulation equipment via optical cables.

[0045] It is understandable that the FBG point sensing equipment includes an FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1, an FBG anchor stress meter 6.2, an FBG piezometer 6.3, an FBG pressure gauge 6.4, an FBG rebar meter 6.5, and an FBG thermometer 6.6. A certain number of each device can be provided as needed. The FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1, the FBG anchor stress meter 6.2, the FBG piezometer 6.3, the FBG pressure gauge 6.4, the FBG rebar meter 6.5, and the FBG thermometer 6.6 are respectively configured with independent identification codes through the equipment safety component 3.3, and the equipment identification code of each FBG instrument is unique. When an abnormal condition occurs in the underground gas storage chamber, the full monitoring and management function of the present intelligent system is used to provide real-time feedback of the abnormal condition to the system visualization interface. The abnormal part can be accurately located through the code of the abnormal measuring point, and further processing can be carried out after data analysis and judgment.

[0046] It is understood that a fiber optic splice box 6.9 is provided in the rock surrounding the gas storage chamber. The FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1, FBG anchor stress gauge 6.2, FBG piezometer 6.3, FBG pressure gauge 6.4, FBG rebar gauge 6.5, and FBG thermometer 6.6 are each connected to the data acquisition device 7 via FBG instrument optical cables. Multiple strands of FBG instrument optical cables are combined into a single optical fiber bundle at the fiber optic splice box 6.9, and the single optical fiber bundle is connected to the data acquisition device 7. The combination of multiple strands of FBG instrument optical cables into a single optical fiber bundle via the fiber optic splice box 6.9 reduces the complexity of the line layout.

[0047] It should be noted that the installation and implementation functions of the FBG point sensing equipment are as follows:

[0048] The FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1 is installed in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber 10 and is used to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber.

[0049] The FBG anchor stress meter 6.2 is installed on the anchor to be measured in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber 10, and is used to monitor the stress of the anchor in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber.

[0050] The FBG piezometer 6.3 is installed on the periphery of the lining 8 of the gas storage chamber 10 to monitor the osmotic pressure on the periphery of the gas storage chamber lining.

[0051] The FBG pressure gauge 6.4 is installed on the periphery of the lining 8 of the gas storage chamber 10 to monitor the pressure on the lining of the gas storage chamber.

[0052] The FBG steel bar meter 6.5 is installed on the steel bar to be measured on the top of the lining 8 of the gas storage chamber 10, and is used to monitor the stress of the steel bar in the lining of the gas storage chamber.

[0053] The FBG thermometer 6.6 is installed on the surface of the inner lining 9 of the gas storage chamber 10 and is used to monitor the local temperature of the inner lining of the gas storage chamber.

[0054] It can be understood that the sensing optical cable linear sensing equipment includes a strain sensing optical cable 6.7, a temperature sensing optical cable and a vibration sensing optical cable; the strain sensing optical cable is used to monitor the overall stress distribution information of the steel plate; the temperature sensing optical cable is used for the temperature field information of the steel plate, and the vibration sensing optical cable is used to monitor the gas leakage information of the gas storage chamber.

[0055] The temperature sensing cable and the vibration sensing cable form a composite optical cable 6.8, which is fixed axially to the inner wall of the steel plate seal of the underground high-pressure chamber. Typically, the composite optical cable is arranged around the inner diameter of the chamber and adhered to the smooth inner wall of the steel plate seal using a high-strength adhesive. The strain sensing cable is mounted on the surface of the high-pressure chamber's steel plate seal using a dedicated fiber optic fixture. The strain sensing element of the strain sensing cable is the optical fiber core, and the structural matrix strain is transmitted to the core through a force acting perpendicular to the cross-sectional axis. The composite optical cable and the strain sensing cable are only deployed in their corresponding monitoring areas. Outside the monitoring areas, they are connected to data acquisition equipment via communication cables. The corresponding multiple strands of communication cables are combined into a single optical fiber bundle at the fiber optic splice box 6.9, which is then connected to the data acquisition equipment 7. The FBG instrument cables and communication cables described above have similar functions and are both used to transmit data collected by the corresponding equipment.

[0056] It can be understood that the data acquisition equipment 7 that is compatible with the FBG (fiber Bragg grating) point sensing equipment and the sensing optical cable linear sensing equipment includes an FBG demodulator 7.1, a composite optical cable demodulator 7.3 and a strain optical cable demodulator 7.2, wherein the FBG demodulator 7.1 is connected to the FBG point sensing equipment via an optical cable, and demodulates and analyzes the information monitored by each FBG instrument to obtain their respective monitoring data; the composite optical cable demodulator 7.3 is connected to the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration sensing optical cable, and analyzes the wavelength changes monitored by the two to obtain the temperature field and its changes inside the gas storage chamber, and simultaneously realizes the identification of the location of gas leakage in the high-pressure chamber steel plate sealing layer; the strain optical cable demodulator 7.2 is connected to the strain sensing optical cable 6.7, and the information analysis of the strain sensing optical cable can obtain the strain of the high-pressure chamber steel plate sealing layer.

[0057] It can be understood that the communication equipment 2 includes several switches 2.1 and several communication optical cables 2.2. Several switches and several communication optical cables form an optical cable ring network to realize two-way communication between the data acquisition equipment 7 and the network security protection equipment 3, while ensuring the communication between the network security protection equipment 3 and the remote monitoring and management equipment 4.

[0058] It can be understood that the network security protection device 3 includes a data security component 3.1, a network security component 3.2 and a device security component 3.3.

[0059] Data security component 3.1 is an independent server used to store and securely manage test data. It must keep the process running under high load and requires a high-performance processor, large memory and fast storage devices. It also requires a UPS, independent IP, firewall and corresponding security measures, including but not limited to software-level security measures (i.e., network security components) and hardware-level security measures (setting up surveillance cameras, access control systems, maintaining appropriate temperature and humidity, regular inspection and maintenance of the status of server hardware, etc.) to ensure that the data collected by the data acquisition layer can be retained completely and efficiently on the independent server.

[0060] Network security components 3.2 include, but are not limited to, virtual private networks enhanced with encryption and tunneling technology to protect the data of this system from malicious tampering; anti-virus and anti-malware software to check and remove known viruses and protect data security components and remote monitoring and management equipment from malware; multiple authentication information to assign account numbers and passwords to persons who can log in to access this system, which may include biometrics and hardware tokens; data encryption technology and backup systems. Encryption technology ensures the confidentiality of data, ensuring that even if data is intercepted, attackers cannot access other content, and backup systems can trace back to the time before this system was maliciously damaged or deleted.

[0061] Equipment safety component 3.3 is used to set the identification code of the data monitoring equipment (including each FBG point sensor device and each sensing optical cable line sensor device) to ensure that each device has an independent and unique identification code. This makes it convenient to feedback the abnormal situation to the system visualization interface in real time when an abnormal situation occurs in the underground gas storage chamber through the full monitoring and management function of this intelligent system, and accurately locate the abnormal part through the code of the abnormal measuring point.

[0062] It can be understood that the remote monitoring and management device 4 is generally a notebook, desktop computer or other operable remote terminal device with a visual interface, which is easy for technical personnel or monitoring personnel to operate. The remote monitoring and management device is connected to the network security protection device through a communication device, and can obtain the monitoring data stored in the network security protection device, and set and display the monitoring data; it can perform various operations on the various components of the network security protection device, including setting identity authentication, increasing technical encryption style and degree, setting security measures, setting identification codes, etc.; at the same time, it can also set early warning information of the monitoring data in the server, including early warning thresholds, early warning methods, etc.

[0063] Based on the above-mentioned intelligent system for real-time automatic safety monitoring of underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers, the present invention also provides an implementation step of a method for automatically monitoring gas storage chambers under high-temperature and high-pressure environments, which mainly involves the construction and installation process of data monitoring equipment. The data acquisition equipment and monitoring control layer can be configured and installed on the ground in advance:

[0064] Step a: Determine a safe monitoring section based on the geological conditions and structural characteristics of the underground gas storage chamber. Drill holes horizontally into the chamber's surrounding rock on both sides of the section's waist and vertically into the chamber's surrounding rock through the section's crown. The hole depth is typically no less than 1.5 times the hole diameter. Install the FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1 in a pre-drilled hole deep within the chamber's surrounding rock. Ensure the rod connectors for the FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1 are securely connected, anchor heads are fixed at each point, and grouting and exhaust pipes are pre-placed and advanced into the hole in sections. During installation, the protective pipe and measuring rod should be numbered to prevent confusion. After the FBG multi-point displacement meter 6.1 is secured, it is connected to a fiber optic splice box via optical cable. Finally, it is connected to the data acquisition equipment along with other FBG monitoring instruments on the same monitoring section. The technical specifications and parameters of the FBG multi-point displacement meter are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1. Technical parameters of FBG multi-point displacement meter

[0066] Serial number Parameter name Parameter value 1 Standard range 100mm 2 Accuracy 1%PS(-20~85℃), 2%PS(85~300℃) 3 Sensitivity 0.1% PS 4 Grating center wavelength (nm) 1528～1568 5 Reflectivity (%) ≥70 6 Temperature resistance Long-term -20~85℃, short-term 85~300℃ 7 Water pressure resistance 1.5MPa

[0067] Step b: Weld the FBG anchor stress gauge 6.2 to the anchor rod or anchor pile to be measured using groove welding. The middle portion of the anchor rod or anchor pile (where the sensor is located) should be unbonded. After securing the FBG anchor stress gauge 6.2, connect it to the fiber optic splice box via an optical cable. Finally, connect it to the data acquisition device along with other FBG monitoring instruments on the same monitoring section. The technical parameters of the FBG anchor stress gauge are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2. Technical parameters of FBG anchor stress

[0069] Serial number Parameter name Parameter value 1 Standard range 400MPa 2 Nonlinearity Linear: ≤1%PS, Polynomial: ≤0.5%PS 3 resolution 0.05% PS 4 Temperature range -20℃～+80℃ 5 Water pressure resistance 1.0MPa

[0070] Step c: Install the FBG piezometer 6.3 on the outside of the lining. During installation, a hole with a depth of 100 cm and a diameter of 100 cm should be drilled on the rock surface or cave wall where it is buried. The water collection hole is filled with gravel and sand to a depth of 75 cm. After burying the FBG piezometer 6.3, it is connected to the monitoring section splitter via optical cable. Finally, all FBG piezometers in the monitoring section are integrated into the data acquisition equipment along with the other FBG instruments on the monitoring section junction box.

[0071] In step d, install the FBG pressure gauge 6.4 on the perimeter of the lining. When burying the FBG pressure gauge 6.4, excavate the instrument burial pit when the soil fill surface is 1 meter above the burial elevation of the measuring point. Level the instrument burial bed. The bed surface should be flat, uniform, and compact, and conform to the specified burial orientation. Within the rockfill, the instrument bed surface should be prepared according to the requirements for the transition layer. After the instrument is buried, connect it to the fiber optic splice box via an optical cable and finally connect it to the data acquisition equipment along with other FBG monitoring instruments on the same monitoring section. The technical parameters of the FBG pressure gauge are shown in Table 3.

[0072] Table 3, Technical parameters of FBG pressure gauge

[0073] Serial number Parameter name Parameter value 1 Standard range 5MPa 2 Accuracy 1%FS(-20~85℃), 2%FS(85~300℃) 3 Sensitivity 0.1% FS 4 Number of gratings 2 5 Grating center wavelength (nm) 1528～1568 6 Temperature resistance Long-term -20~85℃, short-term 85~300℃ 7 Water pressure resistance 1.5MPa

[0074] In step e, the FBG Rebar Meter 6.5 is positioned on top of the lining of each monitoring section. The FBG Rebar Meter 6.5 should be installed using groove welding to the rebar being measured. The FBG Rebar Meter 6.5 should be aligned with the rebar, and the weld strength must be no less than that of the stressed rebar. Once welded, the gauge is connected to the fiber optic splice box via an optical cable. Finally, it is connected to the data acquisition equipment along with other FBG monitoring instruments on the same monitoring section.

[0075] Step f, to monitor the local temperature of the sealing lining, place the FBG thermometer 6.6 near the steel plate on the lining, connect it to the fiber optic splice box via an optical cable, and finally connect it to the data acquisition device together with other FBG monitoring instruments on the same monitoring section.

[0076] Step g, connecting the multiple optical cables of the instruments described in steps a to f on each monitoring section through the optical fiber splicing box 6.9, converging them into a single optical fiber bundle, extending them to the outside of the underground gas storage chamber and connecting them to the data acquisition equipment.

[0077] Step h: Determine the length of the composite optical cable 6.8 and the strain sensing optical cable 6.7 according to the size of the underground chamber cross-section. Arrange the stress sensors and temperature sensors at equal intervals on the inner wall of the steel plate sealing layer of the underground chamber cross-section according to the length of the composite optical cable 6.8 and the strain sensing optical cable 6.7. After connecting to the data acquisition equipment with a communication optical cable, the overall temperature and vibration of the underground chamber steel lining can be sensed.

[0078] Composite optical cable 6.8 and strain-sensing optical cable 6.7 are glued tightly to the inner wall of the steel seal, allowing them to deform in concert with the temperature and stress of the underground chamber's cross-section. As the underground chamber deforms due to temperature and stress, the optical cables adapt to this deformation, accurately recording and transmitting deformation data. This not only facilitates real-time monitoring of the underground chamber's safety status but also provides valuable data support for related research.

[0079] In step i, the monitoring control layer 1 sends an automated telemetry command to the data monitoring device 6 connected to the data acquisition device 7 to obtain various types of monitoring data. The monitoring control layer performs analysis and calculation to realize effective monitoring and analysis of structural parameters such as deformation, seepage, and stress strain, thereby obtaining the absolute deformation of the tunnel section relative to the fixed point deep in the surrounding rock, realizing automatic monitoring of underground high-temperature and high-pressure environments, realizing automatic, comprehensive, and real-time monitoring of various types of physical quantities, and effectively grasping the safe operation status of the gas storage chamber.

[0080] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that variations and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Any material not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system for underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chambers, characterized in that: Including data acquisition layer and monitoring control layer, The data acquisition layer includes a data monitoring device and a data acquisition device. The data monitoring device is used to monitor the structural parameter information of the gas storage chamber. The data acquisition device is used to analyze and process the structural parameter information to form monitoring data and transmit it to the communication device. The monitoring and control layer includes communication equipment, network security equipment and remote monitoring and management equipment. The communication equipment is used to transmit monitoring data to the network security equipment, the network security equipment is used to perform network security management of the monitoring data, and the remote monitoring and management equipment is used to perform remote monitoring and management of the gas storage chamber based on the monitoring data transmitted to the network security equipment.

2. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data monitoring equipment includes FBG point sensing equipment arranged on the safety monitoring section of the gas storage chamber, and the FBG point sensing equipment includes FBG multi-point displacement meter, FBG anchor stress meter, FBG osmometer, FBG pressure gauge, FBG steel bar meter and FBG thermometer; The FBG multi-point displacement meter is installed in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber; The FBG anchor stress meter is installed on the anchor to be tested in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber, and is used to monitor the stress of the anchor in the surrounding rock of the gas storage chamber; The FBG osmometer is installed on the periphery of the lining of the gas storage chamber to monitor the osmotic pressure on the periphery of the lining of the gas storage chamber; The FBG pressure gauge is installed on the periphery of the lining of the gas storage chamber to monitor the pressure of the lining of the gas storage chamber; The FBG steel bar meter is installed on the steel bar to be measured on the top of the lining of the gas storage chamber, and is used to monitor the stress of the steel bars in the lining of the gas storage chamber; The FBG thermometer is installed on the inner lining surface of the gas storage chamber to monitor the local temperature of the inner lining of the gas storage chamber.

3. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The FBG multi-point displacement meter, FBG anchor stress meter, FBG piezometer, FBG pressure meter, FBG rebar meter and FBG thermometer are respectively configured with independent identification codes.

4. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 2 is characterized by: An optical fiber splicing box is provided in the surrounding rock outside the gas storage chamber. The FBG multi-point displacement meter, FBG anchor stress meter, FBG piezometer, FBG pressure meter, FBG rebar meter and FBG thermometer are respectively connected to the data acquisition equipment through optical cables. Multiple optical cables are gathered into a single optical fiber bundle at the optical fiber splicing box, and the single optical fiber bundle is connected to the data acquisition equipment.

5. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data monitoring device also includes a sensing optical cable linear sensing device, and the sensing optical cable linear sensing device includes a strain sensing optical cable, a temperature sensing optical cable, and a vibration sensing optical cable; The strain sensing optical cable is installed on the surface of the steel plate sealing layer of the gas storage chamber to monitor the overall stress distribution information of the steel plate; The temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration sensing optical cable are combined into a composite optical cable, and the composite optical cable is arranged close to the inner wall of the steel plate sealing layer of the gas storage chamber. The temperature sensing optical cable is used for the steel plate temperature field information, and the vibration sensing optical cable is used to monitor the gas leakage information of the gas storage chamber.

6. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data acquisition equipment includes an FBG demodulator, a composite optical cable demodulator and a strain optical cable demodulator. The FBG demodulator is connected to the FBG point sensing device via an optical cable, the composite optical cable demodulator is connected to the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration sensing optical cable of the sensing optical cable linear sensing device, and the strain optical cable demodulator is connected to the strain sensing optical cable of the sensing optical cable linear sensing device.

7. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The communication equipment includes a plurality of switches and a plurality of communication optical cables, and the plurality of switches and the plurality of communication optical cables form an optical cable ring network to realize two-way communication between the data acquisition equipment and the network security protection equipment.

8. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The network security protection equipment includes a data security component, which is an independent server for storing and safely managing detection data. The independent server is configured with a UPS, an independent IP and a firewall.

9. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The network security protection device includes a network security component, which includes a virtual private network, anti-virus and anti-malware software, multiple identity authentication information, data encryption technology and a backup system.

10. The underground high-temperature and high-pressure gas storage chamber real-time automatic safety monitoring intelligent system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The network security protection device comprises a device security component, and the device security component is used to set an identification code of a data monitoring device.

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