Solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salt

Abstract

The invention provides a refrigerant salt-based solar-driven air conditioning system which comprises a solar heat collection unit, a refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit and an air conditioning indoor unit, refrigerant salt is dissolved through the refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit to obtain refrigerant fluid, and the refrigerant fluid is used for cooling a heat exchange medium in the air conditioning indoor unit and cooling the indoor space. And the refrigerant salt solution which releases the cold energy is heated by utilizing the hot circulating water transmitted by the solar heat collection unit, so that water in the refrigerant salt solution is evaporated, and the refrigerant salt is regenerated. According to the air conditioning system, the consumption of electric energy can be greatly reduced, a refrigerant polluting the environment is prevented from being used, the refrigerant salt can be recycled, solar energy is effectively utilized, and green refrigeration is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration, and particularly relates to a solar-driven air-conditioning system based on refrigerant salts. Background Art

[0002] China spans temperature zones from tropical, subtropical, warm temperate, mid temperate to frigid temperate from south to north. In most areas, it is hot in summer, and in some areas, the highest temperature in summer exceeds 40°C. Therefore, whether it is family residences, office areas or industrial areas, air conditioners are widely used, resulting in a large electricity consumption in summer, a tight power supply in the power system, a large consumption of energy such as coal and natural gas, and environmental pollution caused by the use of Freon, etc. It will also lead to the urban heat island effect, causing a further increase in the outdoor temperature of the city.

[0003] For this reason, people have conducted a lot of research on new air-conditioning mechanisms, hoping to reduce the dependence of air conditioners on electricity and achieve green refrigeration. Currently, the mainly studied air-conditioning refrigerations include: lithium bromide air-conditioning, river water air-conditioning, cold storage air-conditioning, cool roof technology, etc. Among them, lithium bromide air-conditioning is still driven by electric energy at present, and it cannot achieve the effect of saving electricity. The lithium bromide solution will corrode the equipment and the cost is also relatively high. The "river water air-conditioning" can save 30% energy compared with the conventional air-conditioning, and can reduce the consumption of fossil energy and the emission of combustion pollutants. However, this type of air-conditioning is only applicable to areas with rich water resources and is affected by seasons and climates, with geographical limitations. The cold storage air-conditioning realizes peak load shifting. When the electricity consumption is low, electrical energy is converted into phase change energy, and the cooling capacity is released during the peak electricity consumption period. On the one hand, it cannot be realized in areas with large industrial electricity consumption. On the other hand, this method cannot save electrical energy either. The cool roof technology can reduce the indoor temperature by about 10°C, which is an energy-saving and environmental-friendly method to reduce the indoor temperature. However, this cooling method can only play an auxiliary role and cannot completely replace the air conditioner. In most areas of China, it is not only hot in summer but also very cold in winter. The cool roof technology cannot utilize solar energy and will also reduce the indoor temperature in winter.

[0004] For this reason, it is still necessary to further develop and design an air conditioner to greenly reduce the indoor temperature in summer and increase the indoor temperature in winter, reduce the use of electric energy, increase the utilization of green solar energy, and reduce environmental pollution Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention develops a solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salts. This system utilizes the principle that the dissolution of refrigerant salts in water absorbs heat to obtain a refrigerant liquid, which circulates indoors to absorb heat and achieve a reduction in indoor temperature. It also uses solar energy and the recovered heat to evaporate the moisture in the refrigerant salt solution, causing the refrigerant salts to precipitate, and recycling the refrigerant salts for dissolution and cooling to achieve continuous indoor cooling. This air conditioning system uses solar energy and heat recovery for heating, absorbs heat and cools down through the dissolution process. Solar energy serves as the main energy source for the air conditioner. The higher the summer temperature, the higher the working efficiency of the air conditioner. Electricity only plays an auxiliary role during the operation of the air conditioner, significantly reducing electricity consumption. The refrigerant salts used have stable physical and chemical properties, with almost no loss and no continuous consumption. While reducing costs, it does not cause pollution to the environment, achieving low-cost, low-energy, and green refrigeration, thus completing the present invention.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salts, which includes a solar heat collection unit, a refrigerant salt refrigeration and regeneration unit, and an air conditioner indoor unit.

[0007] By dissolving the refrigerant salts in the refrigerant salt refrigeration and regeneration unit, a refrigerant liquid is obtained, which is used to cool the heat exchange medium in the air conditioner indoor unit to cool the indoor environment. The heat cycle water transmitted by the solar heat collection unit is used to heat the refrigerant salt solution after releasing the cold quantity, causing the moisture in it to evaporate and regenerating the refrigerant salts.

[0008] The refrigerant salt refrigeration and regeneration unit includes a first storage tank, a second storage tank, and a conveyor belt.

[0009] Water is added to the first storage tank and the second storage tank, and refrigerant salts are added to the first storage tank and / or the second storage tank.

[0010] Part of the conveyor belt is respectively placed below the liquid levels of the liquids in the first storage tank and the second storage tank.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an indoor temperature control method, which uses the solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salts to regulate the indoor environment.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The present invention uses the heat absorption during the dissolution of refrigerant salts for refrigeration. The obtained refrigerant liquid is used for indoor cooling. Through solar energy and heat recovery, the evaporation of the refrigerant salt solution is achieved, promoting the precipitation of refrigerant salts, and being able to control the acquisition and circulation of heat and the refrigerant liquid to achieve refrigeration or heating.

[0014] (2) The present invention designs a first storage tank and a second storage tank, which are respectively used for dissolving and promoting the precipitation of refrigerant salts, and switches between the cold pool and hot pool modes to form the cyclic use of refrigerant salts.

[0015] (3) The present invention employs a conveyor belt. On the one hand, it promotes the precipitation of the refrigerant salt by increasing the evaporation area. On the other hand, it conveys the refrigerant salt in the hot pool to the cold pool, continuously performing the refrigeration process.

[0016] (4) The solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salt of the present invention is rationally designed. It uses stable refrigerant salt for refrigeration, has no pollution to the environment, can significantly reduce power consumption, save energy, and reduce the urban heat island effect. The equipment is simple, easy to control, and low in cost, and can be widely promoted and used on a large scale. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salt of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Shows a schematic operation diagram of the present invention with the first liquid storage tank 201 in the cold pool mode and the second liquid storage tank 202 in the hot pool mode;

[0019] Figure 3 Shows a schematic operation diagram of the present invention with the first liquid storage tank 201 in the hot pool mode and the second liquid storage tank 202 in the cold pool mode;

[0020] Figure 4 Shows a schematic diagram of the switching working modes of the first refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit and the second refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings

[0022] 1 - Solar heat collection unit;

[0023] 2 - Refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit;

[0024] 3 - Air conditioner indoor unit;

[0025] 4 - Water condensation heat recovery unit;

[0026] 101 - Solar collector;

[0027] 102 - Hot water storage tank;

[0028] 201 - First liquid storage tank;

[0029] 202 - Second liquid storage tank;

[0030] 2011 - First indoor unit heat exchanger;

[0031] 2012 - First liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger;

[0032] 202 - Second liquid storage tank;

[0033] 2021 - Second indoor unit heat exchanger;

[0034] 2022 - Second liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger;

[0035] 203 - Conveyor belt;

[0036] 204 - Air-cooled chamber. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below through specific implementation manners, and the features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more definite along with these descriptions.

[0038] The solar-driven air-conditioning system based on refrigerant salt provided by the present invention includes a solar heat collection unit 1, a refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2, and an air-conditioning indoor unit 3.

[0039] By dissolving refrigerant salt in the refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2, a refrigerant liquid is obtained, which is used to cool the heat exchange medium in the air-conditioning indoor unit 3 to cool the indoor temperature. The refrigerant salt solution after releasing the cold quantity is heated by the hot circulating water transmitted by the solar heat collection unit 1 to evaporate the water therein and regenerate the refrigerant salt. As Figure 1 shown.

[0040] The solar heat collection unit 1 includes a solar collector 101, preferably arranged on the building roof and / or exterior wall, intercepting the solar energy that would originally enter the room through the building roof and exterior wall, and using the solar energy to heat the circulating water in the solar collector 101.

[0041] Preferably, the solar heat collection unit 1 further includes a hot water storage tank 102 for storing the hot water obtained in the solar collector 101.

[0042] The refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 includes a first liquid storage tank 201, a second liquid storage tank 202, and a conveyor belt 203. Water is added to the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202. Part of the conveyor belt 203 is respectively placed below the liquid levels of the liquids in the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202. The schematic diagram is as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0043] An air chamber and an air inlet assembly are provided above both the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202. The air chamber has a transparent top and side walls. A light-shielding and heat-insulating cover is provided on the top or side wall of the air chamber. The light-shielding and heat-insulating cover can be unfolded or retracted. When unfolded, it covers the air chamber, and when retracted, the air chamber is exposed to sunlight to collect solar energy.

[0044] A heat-insulating and adiabatic layer is provided outside the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202 to prevent the liquid in the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202 from exchanging heat with the outside.

[0045] The conveyor belt 203 is a liquid-absorbing cloth that can absorb the refrigerant salt solution in the first storage tank 201 and the second storage tank 202.

[0046] The liquid-absorbing cloth is made of polyester woven fabric, polyester knitted fabric or short fiber viscose cloth, preferably polyester woven fabric or polyester knitted fabric, and more preferably polyester knitted fabric. The liquid-absorbing cloth selected in the present invention can weaken the hydrogen bond interaction between water molecules, thereby significantly reducing the latent heat of evaporation of water and accelerating the evaporation of water.

[0047] Preferably, a heating coil is provided on one side of the conveyor belt 203, and a heat medium can be introduced into the heating coil to heat the liquid-absorbing cloth of the conveyor belt 203, promoting the evaporation of water on the conveyor belt 203.

[0048] The first storage tank 201 is provided with a first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 and a first storage tank heating heat exchanger 2012. The second storage tank 202 is provided with a second indoor unit heat exchanger 2021 and a second storage tank heating heat exchanger 2022.

[0049] The first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 and the second indoor unit heat exchanger 2021 can be connected to the air-conditioning indoor unit 3, so that the low-temperature heat exchange medium circulates to the air-conditioning indoor unit 3.

[0050] A refrigerant salt is added to the first storage tank 201 and / or the second storage tank 202. The refrigerant salt is selected from one or more of thiocyanate salts, preferably selected from ammonium thiocyanate and / or potassium thiocyanate, and more preferably potassium thiocyanate. The total mass of the refrigerant salt and water in the first storage tank 201 and the second storage tank 202 is 50 - 300 kg, preferably 100 - 250 kg, and more preferably 150 - 200 kg. The solubility of the refrigerant salt in water is 1.0 - 3.0 g / mL, preferably 1.5 - 2.5 g / mL, and more preferably 2.17 g / mL (20 °C).

[0051] When the solar-driven air-conditioning system based on the refrigerant salt is started, the gas chamber wall above the first storage tank 201 is covered by a light-shielding and heat-insulating cover, preventing the radiant heat of sunlight from entering the storage tank, and preventing the refrigerant salt solution in the cold state (including cold energy) from absorbing external heat through heat conduction. In addition, the air inlet and outlet in the gas chamber are closed to block heat exchange, and the heating coil in the gas chamber above the first storage tank 201 is closed.

[0052] When starting, the temperature of the water in the first storage tank 201 is equal to the ambient temperature. The conveyor belt 203 is started to make it drive. The refrigerant salt on the conveyor belt 203 dissolves in the first storage tank 201, causing it to cool down and obtain a refrigerant liquid. The temperature of the refrigerant liquid is -10 to 26 °C, preferably -5 to 21 °C, and more preferably 0 to 15 °C. The temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 is equal to the temperature of the refrigerant liquid.

[0053] After the temperature of the refrigerant liquid drops to 0°C, turn on the first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 to circulate the low-temperature heat exchange medium to the air conditioner indoor unit 3 to achieve indoor cooling. At this time, the first liquid storage tank 201 is in the cold pool operation mode. The schematic diagram is as Figure 2 shown.

[0054] At the same time, control the hot water obtained by the solar heat collection unit 1 to be circulated in sequence to the heat exchanger of the air inlet component in the air chamber above the second liquid storage tank 202 and the second liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger 2022, which are respectively used to heat the air entering the air chamber from the outside and the solution in the second liquid storage tank 202. After the hot water comes out of the heat exchanger of the air inlet component, the temperature drops to 60 - 70°C, and after coming out of the second liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger 2022, the temperature drops to 30 - 40°C, and then it is circulated back to the solar collector 101 to be heated to 80 - 90°C.

[0055] Preferably, when setting the heating coil, the hot water obtained by the solar heat collection unit 1 is first circulated to the heating coil, and then circulated in sequence to the heat exchanger of the air inlet component in the air chamber above the second liquid storage tank 202 and the second liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger 2022. When the conveyor belt 203 passes through the second liquid storage tank 202, it promotes the precipitation of the refrigerant salt on the conveyor belt 203 for its dissolution in the first liquid storage tank 201, so that the refrigerant liquid in the first liquid storage tank 201 is maintained at a level not higher than 24°C to achieve continuous indoor cooling. At this time, the second liquid storage tank 202 is in the hot pool operation mode. The schematic diagram is as Figure 2 shown.

[0056] The mass ratio of the indoor space volume to the heat exchange medium mass in the first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 is (1 - 5)m 3 : 20 kg, preferably 2 - 4m 3 : 20 kg, more preferably 3m 3 : 20 kg.

[0057] In the first liquid storage tank 201, the mass ratio of the refrigerant liquid to the heat exchange medium mass in the first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 is 1:(100 - 700), preferably 1:(200 - 600), more preferably 1:(300 - 500).

[0058] The mass ratio of the water in the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202 is 1:(1 - 5), preferably 1:(1.5 - 4), more preferably (1:(2 - 3).

[0059] Preferably, an air-cooling chamber 204 is provided at a partial position of the conveyor belt 203 between the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202, so that the conveyor belt 203 passes through the air-cooling chamber 204 to remove moisture, reduce the temperature of the conveyor belt, accelerate the precipitation of the refrigerant salt, and at the same time prevent the temperature of the refrigerant pool from rising and reduce the refrigeration efficiency.

[0060] Preferably, a water storage tank is also provided for supplementing the water volumes of the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202.

[0061] Preferably, a water condensation heat recovery unit 4 is also provided, which includes an exhaust air pipeline respectively communicating with the air chambers above the first liquid storage tank 201 and the second liquid storage tank 202, collecting the water vapor in the air chamber above the first liquid storage tank 201 or the second liquid storage tank 202 in the hot pool operation mode. The temperature of this water vapor is relatively high, and the heat is recovered through heat exchange, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid water and flows back to the water storage tank.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration units 2 are provided, preferably two or more are provided, and more preferably 2-4 are provided.

[0063] When the indoor temperature is higher than the expected temperature, such as higher than 26 °C, the air conditioner indoor unit 3 is switched to the first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 of the second refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2. Preferably, at this time, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in its first liquid storage tank 201 is not higher than 24 °C.

[0064] At this time, the first refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 cannot meet the requirement of reducing the indoor temperature to the expected temperature, and the passage between its first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 and the air conditioner indoor unit 3 is closed. The first liquid storage tank 201 of the first refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 is switched to the hot pool operation mode, so that the refrigerant salt in the first liquid storage tank 201 continuously precipitates on the conveyor belt 203, and the second liquid storage tank 202 is switched to the cold pool operation mode, so that the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the second liquid storage tank 202 is reduced to below 24 °C. When the second refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 cannot meet the requirement of reducing the indoor temperature to the expected temperature, the second liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger 2022 of the first refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 is connected to the air conditioner indoor unit 3 for refrigeration. The schematic diagram of the first liquid storage tank 201 switched to the hot pool operation mode is as Figure 3 shown. The switching of the working modes of the first refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 and the second refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit 2 is as Figure 4 shown.

[0065] When it is necessary to increase the indoor temperature, the air conditioner indoor unit 3 is connected to the first indoor unit heat exchanger 2011 or the second indoor unit heat exchanger 2021 in the first liquid storage tank 201 or the second liquid storage tank 202 in the hot pool operation mode.

[0066] The present invention also provides an indoor temperature control method, which uses the solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salts to regulate the indoor environment.

[0067] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and implementation manners of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar-driven air conditioning system based on refrigerant salt, comprising a solar heat collection unit (1), a refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit (2) and an air conditioning indoor unit (3), The refrigerant salt is dissolved by the refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit (2) to obtain a refrigerant liquid, which is used to cool the heat exchange medium in the air-conditioning indoor unit (3) to reduce the indoor temperature. The hot circulating water transmitted by the solar thermal collection unit (1) is used to heat the refrigerant salt solution after the cold energy is released, so that the water therein evaporates and the refrigerant salt is regenerated.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The solar thermal collection unit (1) comprises a solar thermal collector (101) and a hot water storage tank (102).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration unit (2) comprises a first liquid storage tank (201), a second liquid storage tank (202) and a conveyor belt (203). Water is added to the first liquid storage tank (201) and the second liquid storage tank (202), and refrigerant salt is added to the first liquid storage tank (201) and / or the second liquid storage tank (202). Partial sections of the conveyor belt (203) are respectively placed below the liquid surface of the liquid in the first liquid storage tank (201) and the second liquid storage tank (202).

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that An air chamber and an air inlet assembly are disposed above the first liquid storage tank (201) and the second liquid storage tank (202); the air chamber has a transparent top and side walls; a light-shielding and heat-insulating cover is disposed on the top or side wall of the air chamber; the light-shielding and heat-insulating cover can be unfolded or retracted; A thermal insulation layer is provided outside the first liquid storage tank (201) and the second liquid storage tank (202).

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first liquid storage tank (201) is provided with a first indoor unit heat exchanger (2011) and a first liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger (2012), and the second liquid storage tank (202) is provided with a second indoor unit heat exchanger (2021) and a second liquid storage tank heating heat exchanger (2022).

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The conveyor belt (203) is a liquid-absorbing cloth that can absorb the refrigerant salt solution in the first liquid storage tank (201) and the second liquid storage tank (202).

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A heating coil is arranged on one side of the conveyor belt (203), and the heat medium in the solar water heater can be passed into the heating coil to heat the liquid-absorbing cloth of the conveyor belt (203).

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system is also provided with a water condensation heat recovery unit (4), which includes exhaust pipes respectively connected to the air chambers above the first liquid storage tank (201) and the second liquid storage tank (202), collects water vapor in the air chamber above the first liquid storage tank (201) or the second liquid storage tank (202) in the heat pool operation mode, recovers heat through heat exchange, and condenses the water vapor into liquid water, which flows back to the water storage tank.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of refrigerant salt refrigeration regeneration units (2) are provided, preferably two or more, more preferably 2 to 4.

10. A method for controlling indoor temperature, characterized in that: The indoor air conditioning system is controlled by using the refrigerant salt-based solar-driven air conditioning system according to claim 1.

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