Fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and method

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and method. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device comprises an outer cylinder, a flame tube, a fuel nozzle and an oil inlet pipeline. A through hole is formed in the whole outer barrel body, a flame tube is fixed in the outer barrel body, and a main swirler is arranged at an inlet of the flame tube. A fuel nozzle is mounted at the through hole, extends into the outer barrel through the through hole and penetrates through the main swirler. An oil inlet pipeline is connected with the fuel nozzle, and a warmer is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline. Through the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, the cost of thermal protection test can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbine engine tests, and particularly relates to a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and method. Background Art

[0002] Aeroengine fuel nozzles in the combustion chamber are mainly affected by convective heat transfer from the inlet air of the combustion chamber and radiative heat transfer from the gas in the combustion chamber flame tube. As the engine cycle parameters continue to increase, the temperature of the inlet air of the combustion chamber and the temperature of the gas in the combustion chamber flame tube continue to rise. Therefore, the nozzle heat load increases, and the inner wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil passage and the fuel temperature also continue to increase. A relatively high fuel wet-wall temperature causes the fuel to undergo thermal oxidation or thermal cracking reactions. When the fuel wet-wall temperature is greater than 421K, an oxidation reaction occurs, and when the fuel wet-wall temperature is greater than 699K, a thermal cracking reaction occurs. After the thermal oxidation or thermal cracking reaction, deposits and coke are formed on the oil passage wall, reducing the flow area of the fuel pipeline. In severe cases, the nozzle may even be blocked, affecting the fuel atomization effect. The increasingly poor fuel atomization effect will lead to deterioration of the combustion efficiency, emissions, and outlet temperature distribution of the combustion chamber, increased fuel consumption of the engine, decreased power performance, and it is difficult to guarantee the working life of the turbine blades, posing a serious threat to flight safety. Therefore, the nozzle usually adopts thermal protection design to reduce the heating effect of the external heat source on the fuel and lower the inner wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil passage, thereby avoiding the occurrence of coking.

[0003] Before the engine is finalized, it is necessary to conduct nozzle thermal protection tests to verify the nozzle thermal protection effect to ensure that fuel coking does not occur after the fuel nozzle is in service and affect the normal fuel supply of the nozzle. However, nozzle coking is a relatively slow process, and nozzle thermal protection tests often require hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of hours to obtain test data on the coking time. Therefore, there is a great challenge in how to reduce the cost of nozzle thermal protection tests.

[0004] There is an urgent need to provide a new device or method to reduce the cost of thermal protection tests. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device that can reduce the cost of thermal protection tests.

[0006] The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device for achieving the foregoing purpose includes:

[0007] An outer cylinder body, which is provided with through holes throughout.

[0008] A flame tube, fixed inside the outer cylinder body, and a main swirler is arranged at the inlet of the flame tube.

[0009] A fuel nozzle, installed at the through hole, extends into the inner part of the outer cylinder through the through hole and passes through the main swirler; and

[0010] An oil inlet pipeline, connected to the fuel nozzle;

[0011] Wherein, a heater is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the outer cylinder includes a front test section and a rear test section. The front test section has a front section inlet and a front section outlet, and the rear test section has a rear section inlet and a rear section outlet. The through hole is opened in the front test section;

[0013] Wherein, the front test section is connected to the rear section inlet of the rear test section through a fastener at the front section outlet.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the front test section includes a first flange ring arranged around the outer periphery of the front section outlet, the rear test section includes a second flange ring arranged around the rear section inlet, and a flange connection part is arranged on the end face of the rear section inlet;

[0015] Wherein, the first flange ring is connected to the second flange ring through a fastener. The outlet of the flame tube has a third flange ring arranged around its outer periphery. The third flange ring is fixedly connected to the flange connection part through a fastener, and the main swirler is installed at the inlet of the flame tube through a fastener.

[0016] In one or more embodiments, a mounting seat is arranged on the outer periphery of the through hole, and the fuel nozzle is installed at the through hole through the mounting seat.

[0017] In one or more embodiments, an observation window is arranged on the front test section.

[0018] In one or more embodiments, the observation window includes a window base, a window cover plate and a quartz glass. The window base is arranged in the front test section, and the window cover plate presses the quartz glass on the window base.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, total temperature and total pressure measurement points are arranged on the front test section, and static pressure measurement points are arranged on the rear test section.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the total temperature and total pressure measurement point includes a seat body, a plug cover and a test rake. The seat body is arranged in the front test section, the plug cover is detachably connected to the seat body, and the test rake is installed in the seat body through the plug cover. The search test rake has a section extending into the front test section in the installed state.

[0021] In one or more embodiments, a cooling unit is provided in the latter stage of the test.

[0022] On the other hand, according to some embodiments of the present application, a method for testing the thermal protection of a fuel nozzle is further provided. The test is carried out by using the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device as described above. The test method includes the following steps:

[0023] Let fuel enter the fuel nozzle through the fuel inlet pipeline, and at the same time turn on the heater so that the fuel flowing to the inlet of the fuel nozzle has a high oil temperature.

[0024] During the test, no combustion occurs in the combustion chamber.

[0025] Observe whether coking occurs at the fuel nozzle.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] Through the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and the fuel nozzle thermal protection test method of this configuration, it is possible to carry out the fuel nozzle thermal protection test without combustion occurring in the combustion chamber. This test method and device can control the fuel temperature to reach the preset temperature by adjusting the power of the heater. After heating, the thermal load of the fuel nozzle increases significantly, which can be used to simulate the state of a higher oil temperature at the nozzle inlet during actual service, and to accelerate the coking process of the nozzle during the thermal protection test. And according to the accelerated coking time with a higher thermal load, the coking time under normal operation can be converted, shortening the nozzle thermal protection test time and saving the test cost.

[0028] At the same time, since the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device with the aforementioned configuration does not burn in the combustion chamber, it is possible to only retain the head structures such as the fuel nozzle and the main swirler that have a greater impact on the nozzle thermal load, and at the same time eliminate the complex structures such as the diffuser, the cap, the transition section, and the combustion chamber opening in the traditional fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, simplifying the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and reducing the trial production cost of the test device.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are specifically exemplified below. Description of the Drawings

[0030] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present application. And in all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 shows a half-sectional schematic view of a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 shows a side schematic view of a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional schematic view according to some embodiments of the latter stage of this test;

[0034] Figure 4 shows a half-sectional schematic view according to some embodiments of this observation window;

[0035] Figure 5 shows a half-sectional schematic view according to some embodiments of this total temperature and total pressure measurement point. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and thus are only examples and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above accompanying drawing descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0038] In order to reduce the cost of the thermal protection test, on the one hand, according to some embodiments of the present application, a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device is provided. As Figure 1 shows a half-sectional schematic view of a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 shows a side schematic view of a fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to some embodiments of the present application. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device includes an outer cylinder body 1, a flame tube 2, a fuel nozzle 3, an oil inlet pipeline 4, and a heater 5. Through holes 10 are provided throughout the outer cylinder body 1, the flame tube 2 is fixed inside the outer cylinder body 1, and a main swirler 6 is provided at the inlet 21 of the flame tube 2. The fuel nozzle 3 is installed at the through hole 10, extends into the interior of the outer cylinder body 1 through the through hole 10, and is arranged through the main swirler 6. The oil inlet pipeline 4 is connected to the fuel nozzle 3, and the heater 5 is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline 4.

[0039] On the other hand, according to some embodiments of the present application, a fuel nozzle thermal protection test method is also provided. The test is carried out using the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device described above. The test method includes the following steps:

[0040] Let fuel enter the fuel nozzle 3 through the fuel inlet pipeline 4, and at the same time, turn on the heater 5 so that the fuel flowing to the inlet of the fuel nozzle 3 has a high oil temperature;

[0041] During the test, combustion is not allowed to occur in the combustion chamber 2;

[0042] Observe whether coking occurs at the fuel nozzle 3.

[0043] Through the aforementioned fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and fuel nozzle thermal protection test method, it is possible to conduct a fuel nozzle thermal protection test without combustion occurring in the combustion chamber 2. This test method and device can control the fuel temperature to reach a preset temperature by adjusting the power of the heater 5. After heating, the thermal load of the fuel nozzle increases significantly, which can be used to simulate the state of a relatively high oil temperature at the nozzle inlet during actual service, and to accelerate the coking process of the nozzle during the thermal protection test. By converting the accelerated coking time with a higher thermal load into the coking time under normal operation, the nozzle thermal protection test time can be shortened, and the test cost can be saved.

[0044] Meanwhile, since the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device with the aforementioned configuration does not burn in the combustion chamber 2, it is possible to only retain the head structures such as the fuel nozzle and the main swirler that have a greater impact on the nozzle thermal load, and at the same time eliminate the complex structures such as the diffuser, the cap, the adapter section, and the combustion chamber opening in the traditional fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, simplifying the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device and reducing the trial production cost of the test device.

[0045] Mentioning "embodiment" in this context means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment when it appears in various positions in the specification, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0046] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, the outer cylinder 1 includes a front test section 11 and a rear test section 12. The front test section 11 has a front section inlet 111 and a front section outlet 112, and the rear test section 12 has a rear section inlet 121 and a rear section outlet 122. The through hole 10 is opened in the front test section 11. Among them, the front test section 11 is connected to the rear section inlet 121 of the rear test section 12 through a fastener at the front section outlet 112. With such a setting, the whole fuel nozzle thermal protection test device can be disassembled and assembled according to different application scenarios, so as to improve the applicable range of the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device.

[0047] Figure 3 Fig. shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram according to some embodiments of the rear test section. In some embodiments of the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, the front test section 11 includes a first flange ring 110 arranged around the outer periphery of the front section outlet 111, the rear test section 12 includes a second flange ring 120 arranged around the rear section inlet 121, and a flange connection part 1210 is arranged on the end face of the rear section inlet 121. Among them, the first flange ring 110 is connected to the second flange ring 120 through a fastener, the outlet of the flame tube 2 has a third flange ring 22 arranged around its outer periphery, the third flange ring 22 is fixedly connected to the flange connection part 1210 through a fastener, and the main swirler 6 is installed at the inlet of the flame tube 2 through a fastener. By adopting an assembly structure of bolts and other fasteners for multiple components, rapid disassembly and replacement between different head schemes can be realized, increasing the versatility of the thermal protection test device. The fixed installation method behind the flame tube 2 enables the assembly of the flame tube 3 to be carried out in the open space of the rear test section, improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments of the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, an installation seat 101 is arranged on the outer periphery of the through hole 10, and the fuel nozzle 3 is installed at the through hole 10 through the installation seat 101.

[0049] In some embodiments of the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, an observation window 7 is arranged on the front test section 11. The wall temperature of the fuel nozzle 3 is obtained in real time through optical measurement methods such as infrared measurement, which is used to monitor the thermal load of the fuel nozzle 3 in real time.

[0050] Figure 4 Fig. shows a semi-sectional schematic diagram according to some embodiments of the observation window. In some embodiments of the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, the observation window 7 includes a window base 71, a window cover plate 72 and a quartz glass 73. The window base 71 is arranged in the front test section 11, and the window cover plate 72 presses the quartz glass 73 onto the window base 71. By setting the window structure, it is convenient to observe during the test.

[0051] Further, in some embodiments of the present fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, the observation window 7 further includes a gasket 74. The gasket 74 is disposed between the quartz glass 73, the window base 71, and the window cover 72. By means of the gasket 74, while ensuring good sealing performance, the risk of damage to the quartz glass due to excessive local stress is reduced, and the reliability of the observation window is improved. In a specific embodiment, when assembling, the bolts circumferentially around the window cover 72 pressing the quartz glass 73 should be tightened symmetrically and evenly, and a torque wrench should be used to keep the tightening torque of each bolt consistent.

[0052] Further, in some embodiments of the present fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, a total temperature and total pressure measurement point 8 is provided on the front section 11 of the test, and a static pressure measurement point 9 is provided on the rear section 12 of the test.

[0053] Figure 5 The semi-sectional schematic diagram according to some embodiments of the present total temperature and total pressure measurement point is shown. In some embodiments of the present fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, the total temperature and total pressure measurement point 8 includes a seat body 80, a plug cover 81, and a test rake 82. The seat body 80 is disposed in the front section 11 of the test. The plug cover 81 is detachably connected to the seat body, for example, by means of a threaded connection. The test rake 82 is installed in the seat body 80 through the plug cover 81. The test rake has a section extending into the front section 11 of the test in the installed state. In a specific embodiment, the length of the test rake 82 extending into the front section 11 of the test is preset in advance. When the test rake 82 is damaged during the test, only the plug cover 81 and the test rake 82 need to be replaced, reducing the maintenance time and cost of the measurement point. In a specific embodiment, the test rake 82 is welded to the plug cover 81 through an opening.

[0054] Further, in some embodiments of the present fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, a cooling unit 123 is provided in the rear section 12 of the test. In some specific embodiments, the cooling unit may be a water spraying unit to cool the inside of the rear section 12 of the test to prevent fire or extinguish the fire after it breaks out. In some other specific embodiments, the problem of fire occurrence at the rear section 12 of the test can be avoided by controlling the power of the heater 5.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device further has a control unit to control the power of the heater 5.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the inlet fuel enters the fuel nozzle 3 through multiple oil inlet pipelines 4 in several ways, and a heater is provided on each oil inlet pipeline 4.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "install", "connect", "couple", "fix", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel nozzle thermal protection test device, characterized in that: include: The outer cylinder body is provided with through holes throughout the body; A flame tube is fixed in the outer cylinder, and a main vortex flow device is provided at the inlet of the flame tube; a fuel nozzle, mounted at the through hole, extending into the interior of the outer cylinder through the through hole, and passing through the main vortex finder; and An oil inlet pipeline connected to the fuel nozzle; Wherein, a heater is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline.

2. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder comprises a front test section and a rear test section, the front test section has a front section inlet and a front section outlet, the rear test section has a rear section inlet and a rear section outlet, and the through hole is opened in the front test section; Wherein, the test front section is connected with the test rear section inlet at the front section outlet through a fastener.

3. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test front section includes a first flange ring arranged around the outer periphery of the front section outlet, the test rear section includes a second flange ring arranged around the rear section inlet, and the end surface of the rear section inlet is provided with a flange connection portion; The first flange ring is connected to the second flange ring by fasteners, the outlet of the flame tube has a third flange ring arranged around its outer circumference, the third flange ring is fixedly connected to the flange connection part by fasteners, and the main vortex finder is installed at the inlet of the flame tube by fasteners.

4. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting seat is arranged at the outer periphery of the through hole, and the fuel nozzle is mounted on the through hole through the mounting seat.

5. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front section of the test is provided with an observation window.

6. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The observation window comprises a window base, a window cover plate and quartz glass. The window base is arranged in the front section of the test, and the window cover plate presses the quartz glass onto the window base.

7. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front section of the test is provided with total temperature and total pressure measuring points, and the back section of the test is provided with static pressure measuring points.

8. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The total temperature and total pressure measuring point includes a seat body, a plugging cover and a test rake. The seat body is arranged in the front section of the test. The plugging cover is detachably connected to the seat body. The test rake is installed in the seat body through the plugging cover. The book search test rake has a section extending into the front section of the test when in the installed state.

9. The fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The latter stage of the test has a cooling unit.

10. A fuel nozzle thermal protection test method, characterized in that: The test is carried out using the fuel nozzle thermal protection test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the test method comprises the following steps: Allow the fuel to enter the fuel nozzle through the fuel inlet pipeline, and simultaneously turn on the heater so that the fuel flowing to the inlet of the fuel nozzle has a high oil temperature; During the test, no combustion occurs in the flame tube; Observe whether there is coking at the fuel nozzle.

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