Multi-stage separation equipment for household appliance crushed and mixed miscellaneous materials

Abstract

The invention provides household appliance crushed mixed sundry multi-stage separation equipment, and relates to the technical field of separation equipment, the household appliance crushed mixed sundry multi-stage separation equipment comprises a vibration feeding assembly, the vibration feeding assembly is connected with a Z-shaped separation machine, the Z-shaped separation machine is connected with a first separation cyclone hopper, the first separation cyclone hopper is connected with a second separation cyclone hopper, and the other end of the second separation cyclone hopper is connected with the Z-shaped separation machine; an inlet of the Z-shaped sorting machine is connected with the vibration feeding assembly, and an air blower is integrated in the Z-shaped sorting machine to achieve multi-stage airflow sorting. The device has the beneficial effects that a traditional mechanical sorting mechanism is replaced by airflow dynamics, the equipment structure is remarkably simplified while the sorting precision is guaranteed, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of the equipment are reduced, and the problem of separation of heterogeneous components in crushed materials of waste household appliances is effectively solved; and a pretreatment guarantee is provided for subsequent metal recovery and plastic sorting procedures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sorting equipment, in particular to multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances. Background Art

[0002] In the field of waste household appliance recycling and processing, the mixed materials after primary crushing usually present complex components and diverse forms, including various heterogeneous components such as metals, plastics, and thermal insulation layers. The existing sorting process generally adopts a combination of multi-stage crushing combined with density sorting, magnetic separation and screening. Although it can achieve basic classification, it has the defects of lengthy process chain and low equipment integration. Specifically, in order to improve the sorting accuracy, traditional equipment often piles up a large number of vibrating screens, magnetic separators and airflow sorting modules, resulting in an increase in the scale of the system, an increase in energy consumption costs, and a complex mechanical structure that significantly increases the equipment failure rate and maintenance difficulty. In addition, the excessive configuration of the sensor network in the sorting process not only raises the hardware cost, but also affects the stability of the sorting efficiency due to signal interference problems. The current technical bottleneck is mainly reflected in how to achieve intensive equipment design through process innovation, simplify the system architecture while ensuring sorting accuracy, which is of great engineering significance for reducing the operation and maintenance costs of the entire life cycle and improving the economic efficiency of resource recovery. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a multi-stage sorting device for crushing and mixing household appliances, comprising a grading system consisting of a vibrating feeding component, a Z-type sorting machine and a material separation cyclone bucket group. Among them, the vibrating feeding component is responsible for the uniform input of materials, and the Z-type sorting machine forms a directional airflow field through a built-in blower, and realizes airflow sorting by utilizing the density difference of the materials. The sorted materials are subjected to multi-stage separation through the first material separation cyclone bucket and the second material separation cyclone bucket, and finally the precise classification of different material components is completed. The traditional mechanical sorting mechanism is replaced by airflow dynamics, which significantly simplifies the equipment structure while ensuring the sorting accuracy, reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the equipment, and effectively solves the problem of separating heterogeneous components in the crushed materials of waste household appliances, and provides pretreatment guarantee for the subsequent metal recovery and plastic sorting processes.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A multi-stage sorting device for crushing and mixing household appliances, comprising a vibrating feeding assembly, the vibrating feeding assembly is connected to a Z-type sorting machine, the Z-type sorting machine is connected to a first sorting cyclone bucket, the first sorting cyclone bucket is connected to a second sorting cyclone bucket, and the other end of the second sorting cyclone bucket is connected to the Z-type sorting machine;

[0006] The inlet of the Z-type sorter is connected to the vibrating feeding assembly, and a blower is integrated inside to realize multi-stage airflow sorting; the sorting cavity is divided into three discharge areas according to the material density gradient: the top discharge port is connected to the first material separation cyclone bucket for discharging light materials, the middle discharge port is connected to the second material separation cyclone bucket through the first pipeline for discharging medium-density materials, and the bottom discharge port directly discharges heavy materials.

[0007] Furthermore, the vibration feeding assembly includes a vibration bracket, a vibration screen is arranged on the vibration bracket, and a rubber spring is arranged between the vibration bracket and the vibration screen.

[0008] Furthermore, the vibrating screen is connected to a vibrating motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the vibrating screen is arranged obliquely on the vibrating bracket, the lower end of the vibrating screen is connected to the first air shut-off valve, and a protective cover is arranged above the connection between the vibrating screen and the first air shut-off valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the first air shut-off valve includes a first air shut-off shell, a first fan blade is arranged inside the first air shut-off shell, the first fan blade is connected to the first motor, the contact between the first fan blade and the inside of the first air shut-off shell is made of rubber material, and the first fan blade is driven by the motor to form a dynamic air lock so that the first air shut-off shell is divided into two parts that are not connected to each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the Z-type separator is provided with a second air shut-off valve at the lower end, the first material separation cyclone bucket is provided with a third air shut-off valve at the lower end, and the second material separation cyclone bucket is provided with a fourth air shut-off valve at the lower end;

[0012] The second air-off valve, the third air-off valve and the fourth air-off valve have the same structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the second air shut-off valve includes a second air shut-off shell, a second fan blade is arranged inside the second air shut-off shell, the second fan blade is connected to the second motor, and the contact between the second fan blade and the inside of the second air shut-off shell is made of rubber material, so that the contact between the inner wall of the second air shut-off shell and the second fan blade is in a sealed state.

[0014] Furthermore, an air valve is provided between the Z-type classifier and the first material separation cyclone bucket, and the air valve is used to adjust the air volume inside the equipment, thereby adjusting the classifying speed.

[0015] Furthermore, the air valve comprises a valve tube, and a valve plate is inserted into the valve tube, and the opening size of the valve tube can be adjusted by pulling the valve plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the Z-type separator is connected to the second material separation cyclone bucket through a first pipeline, and the first pipeline is a circular curved pipe; the first material separation cyclone bucket is connected to the second material separation cyclone bucket through a second pipeline;

[0017] The vibrating feeding assembly, the Z-type sorting machine, the first material dividing cyclone bucket and the second material dividing cyclone bucket are all arranged on the cage frame body. The cage frame body is provided with a platform, and guardrails are arranged around the platform. A ladder is arranged on one side of the platform.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. A grading system consisting of a vibrating feeding component, a Z-type sorter and a cyclone bucket group. Among them, the vibrating feeding component is responsible for the uniform input of materials, and the Z-type sorter forms a directional airflow field through a built-in blower, and realizes airflow sorting by using the density difference of the materials. The sorted materials are separated in multiple stages by the first cyclone bucket and the second cyclone bucket, and finally the precise classification of different material components is completed. The traditional mechanical sorting mechanism is replaced by airflow dynamics, which significantly simplifies the equipment structure while ensuring the sorting accuracy, reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the equipment, and effectively solves the problem of separating heterogeneous components in the crushed materials of waste household appliances, providing pretreatment guarantee for subsequent metal recovery and plastic sorting processes.

[0020] 2. An air valve is set up, through which the air volume can be adjusted, and then the sorting speed can be adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a first structural schematic diagram of a vibrating feeding assembly, a Z-type separator, a first material separation cyclone bucket, and a second material separation cyclone bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a second structural schematic diagram of a vibrating feeding assembly, a Z-type separator, a first material separation cyclone bucket, and a second material separation cyclone bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibrating feed assembly and a first air valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a Z-type sorting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a first material distribution cyclone bucket and a second material distribution cyclone bucket in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Vibration feeding assembly; 101. Vibration bracket; 102. Vibration motor; 103. Vibrating screen; 104. Protective cover; 105. Rubber spring; 2. First air valve; 201. First air valve housing; 202. First motor; 203. First fan blade; 3. Z-type sorting machine; 301. Second air valve; 3011. Second motor; 3012. Second air valve housing; 3013. Second fan blade; 302. Z-type sorting channel; 4. Blower; 5. First material separation cyclone bucket; 501. Third air valve; 6. Second material separation cyclone bucket; 601. Fourth air valve; 7. Air valve; 701. Valve pipe; 702. Valve plate; 703. Limit bolt; 8. First pipeline; 9. Second pipeline; 10. Guard cage frame; 10A. Ladder; 10B. Platform; 10C. Guardrail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances comprises a vibrating feeding component 1, the vibrating feeding component 1 is connected to a Z-type sorting machine 3, the Z-type sorting machine 3 is connected to a first sorting cyclone 5, the first sorting cyclone 5 is connected to a second sorting cyclone 6, and the other end of the second sorting cyclone 6 is connected to the Z-type sorting machine 3; the inlet of the Z-type sorting machine 3 is connected to the vibrating feeding component 1, and a blower 4 is integrated inside to realize multi-stage airflow sorting; the sorting cavity is divided into three discharging areas according to the material density gradient: the top discharging port is connected to the first sorting cyclone 5 for discharging light materials, the middle discharging port is connected to the second sorting cyclone 6 through a first pipe 8 for discharging medium-density materials, and the bottom discharging port directly discharges heavy materials. Due to its large inertial eccentricity, the heavy materials will be thrown onto the wall of the sorting cyclone hopper. In the first material distribution cyclone 5 and the second material distribution cyclone 6, when the material with a weight greater than that which can be blown up by the airflow is thrown onto the wall of the first material distribution cyclone 5 and the second material distribution cyclone 6, it will slowly fall along the wall to the bottom of the hopper, and finally be transferred out to the outside as the air closing valve rotates.

[0032] Among them, the vibrating feeding component 1 is responsible for the uniform input of materials, the Z-type sorting machine forms a directional airflow field through the built-in blower 4 through 3, and realizes airflow sorting by utilizing the density difference of materials. The sorted materials are separated in multiple stages through the first sorting cyclone 5 and the second sorting cyclone 6, and finally the precise classification of different material components is completed. The traditional mechanical sorting mechanism is replaced by airflow dynamics, which significantly simplifies the equipment structure while ensuring the sorting accuracy, reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the equipment, and effectively solves the problem of separating heterogeneous components in the crushed materials of waste household appliances, providing pretreatment guarantee for subsequent metal recovery and plastic sorting processes.

[0033] The vibrating feeding assembly 1 includes a vibrating bracket 101, on which a vibrating screen 103 is arranged, and between which a rubber spring 105 is arranged, the vibrating bracket 101 and the vibrating screen 103 are connected, and the vibrating screen 103 is connected to a vibrating motor 102. When the vibrating motor 102 vibrates, the entire vibrating screen 103 can be driven to vibrate, and the pressure on the vibrating bracket 101 can be reduced by the rubber spring 105. At the same time, the setting of the rubber spring 105 can also make the vibration of the entire vibrating screen 103 more obvious.

[0034] The vibrating screen 103 is arranged at an angle on the vibrating bracket 101, and the lower end of the vibrating screen 103 is connected to the first air valve 2, so that when the vibrating screen 103 vibrates, the material will gradually move along the inclined lower side, so that the material is gradually and evenly input into the first air valve 2, and a protective cover 105 is arranged above the connection between the vibrating screen 103 and the first air valve 2. The protective cover 105 can prevent the material from jumping out of the vibrating screen 103 when being vibrated, so that the material can always fall from the vibrating screen 103 into the first air valve 2.

[0035] The first air shut-off valve 2 includes a first air shut-off housing 201, a first fan blade 203 is arranged inside the first air shut-off housing 201, the first fan blade 203 is connected to the first motor 202, the contact part between the first fan blade 203 and the inside of the first air shut-off housing 201 is made of rubber material, the first fan blade 203 is driven by the motor 202 to form a dynamic air lock so that the first air shut-off housing 201 is divided into two parts that are not connected to each other from top to bottom by the first fan blade 203, so that materials can be input into the Z-type sorting machine 3 in batches, preventing too much material from being input into the Z-type sorting machine 3 at one time, thereby affecting the conveying effect of the airflow on the material.

[0036] A second air shut-off valve 301 is provided at the lower end of the Z-type sorter 3, a third air shut-off valve 501 is provided at the lower end of the first material dividing cyclone 5, and a fourth air shut-off valve 601 is provided at the lower end of the second material dividing cyclone 6; the second air shut-off valve 301, the third air shut-off valve 501 and the fourth air shut-off valve 601 have the same structure.

[0037] The second air shut-off valve 301 includes a second air shut-off shell 3012, and a second fan blade 3013 is arranged inside the second air shut-off shell 3012. The second fan blade 3013 is connected to the second motor 3011. The contact between the second fan blade 3013 and the inside of the second air shut-off shell 3012 is made of rubber material, so that the contact between the inner wall of the second air shut-off shell 3012 and the second fan blade 3013 is in a sealed state, thereby ensuring that the sorting equipment can always maintain the air shut-off state and ensuring the air pressure state inside the sorting equipment.

[0038] An air valve 7 is provided between the Z-type classifier 3 and the first material separation cyclone 5. The air valve 7 is used to adjust the air volume inside the device, and further adjust the classifying speed.

[0039] The air valve 7 comprises a valve tube 701, which is plugged with a valve plate 702. By pulling the valve plate 702, the opening size of the valve tube 701 can be adjusted, thereby changing the size of the airflow entering the sorting device, and thus changing the air volume inside the device.

[0040] The Z-type separator 3 is connected to the second material separation cyclone 6 through a first pipe 8, and the first pipe 8 is a circular curved pipe; the first material separation cyclone 5 is connected to the second material separation cyclone 6 through a second pipe 9;

[0041] The vibrating feeding assembly 1, the Z-type sorting machine 3, the first material dividing cyclone 5, and the second material dividing cyclone 6 are all arranged on the cage frame 10. The cage frame 10 is provided with a platform 10B. A guardrail 10C is arranged around the platform 10B. A ladder 10A is arranged on one side of the platform 10B. The ladder 10A is convenient for the operator to climb onto the platform 10B so that the operator can observe the operation effect of the equipment.

[0042] This sorting equipment is equipped with an integrated air blowing system to replace the complex transmission device, which can effectively reduce the complexity of the equipment. The multi-stage cyclone sorting component can realize automatic stratification of materials and reduce manual intervention. The modular design effectively reduces the maintenance cost compared with traditional equipment. This technical solution effectively solves the problem of separating heterogeneous components in the crushed materials of waste household appliances, provides pretreatment guarantee for the subsequent metal recovery and plastic sorting processes, and can greatly improve the recovery efficiency.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances, characterized in that; The invention comprises a vibrating feeding component (1), wherein the vibrating feeding component (1) is connected to a Z-type sorting machine (3), the Z-type sorting machine (3) is connected to a first material sorting cyclone (5), the first material sorting cyclone (5) is connected to a second material sorting cyclone (6), and the other end of the second material sorting cyclone (6) is connected to the Z-type sorting machine (3); the inlet of the Z-type sorting machine (3) is connected to the vibrating feeding component (1), and a blower (4) is integrated inside to realize multi-stage airflow sorting; and the sorting cavity is divided into three discharge areas according to the material density gradient: the top discharge port is connected to the first material sorting cyclone (5) for discharging light materials, the middle discharge port is connected to the second material sorting cyclone (6) through a first pipeline (8) for discharging medium-density materials, and the bottom discharge port directly discharges heavy materials.

2. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that; The vibrating feeding assembly (1) comprises a vibrating support (101), a vibrating screen (103) is arranged on the vibrating support (101), and a rubber spring (105) is arranged between the vibrating support (101) and the vibrating screen (103).

3. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and separating mixed materials of household appliances according to claim 2, characterized in that; The vibrating screen (103) is connected to a vibrating motor (102).

4. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances according to claim 3, characterized in that; The vibrating screen (103) is arranged obliquely on the vibrating support (101); the lower end of the vibrating screen (103) is connected to the first air shut-off valve (2); and a protective cover (105) is arranged above the connection between the vibrating screen (103) and the first air shut-off valve (2).

5. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances according to claim 4, characterized in that; The first air shut-off valve (2) comprises a first air shut-off housing (201), a first fan blade (203) is arranged inside the first air shut-off housing (201), the first fan blade (203) is connected to the first motor (202), the contact point between the first fan blade (203) and the inside of the first air shut-off housing (201) is made of rubber material, and the first fan blade (203) is driven by the motor (202) to form a dynamic air lock so that the first air shut-off housing (201) is divided into two parts that are not connected to each other.

6. The household appliance crushing mixed material multi-stage sorting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that; The lower end of the Z-type separator (3) is provided with a second air shut-off valve (301), the lower end of the first material separation cyclone (5) is provided with a third air shut-off valve (501), and the lower end of the second material separation cyclone (6) is provided with a fourth air shut-off valve (601); The second air shut-off valve (301), the third air shut-off valve (501) and the fourth air shut-off valve (601) have the same structure.

7. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances according to claim 6, characterized in that; The second air shut-off valve (301) comprises a second air shut-off shell (3012), a second fan blade (3013) is arranged inside the second air shut-off shell (3012), the second fan blade (3013) is connected to the second motor (3011), and the contact point between the second fan blade (3013) and the inside of the second air shut-off shell (3012) is made of rubber material, so that the contact point between the inner wall of the second air shut-off shell (3012) and the second fan blade (3013) is in a sealed state.

8. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that; An air valve (7) is provided between the Z-type classifier (3) and the first material classifying cyclone (5), and the air valve (7) is used to adjust the air volume inside the device, thereby adjusting the classifying speed.

9. The household appliance crushing mixed material multi-stage sorting equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that; The air valve (7) comprises a valve tube (701), the valve tube (701) is plugged with a valve plate (702), and the opening size of the valve tube (701) can be adjusted by pulling the valve plate (702).

10. The multi-stage sorting equipment for crushing and mixing household appliances according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 9, characterized in that; The Z-type separator (3) is connected to the second material separation cyclone (6) via a first pipeline (8), and the first pipeline (8) is a circular curved pipe; the first material separation cyclone (5) is connected to the second material separation cyclone (6) via a second pipeline (9); The vibrating feeding assembly (1), the Z-type separator (3), the first material separation cyclone (5), and the second material separation cyclone (6) are all arranged on a cage frame (10); the cage frame (10) is provided with a platform (10B); a guardrail (10C) is arranged around the platform (10B); and a ladder (10A) is arranged on one side of the platform (10B).

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