Aluminum material casting equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses aluminum material casting equipment and method. The equipment comprises a molten aluminum smelting device, a pouring mechanism and an aluminum slab ingot groove, the aluminum slab ingot groove is installed on a conveying line, the aluminum slab ingot groove comprises a bottom plate, baffles are arranged on the two long edges of the bottom plate in a matched mode, the two baffles are connected through an opposite-pulling mechanism, flexible blocking pieces are arranged on the two short edges of the bottom plate, the flexible blocking pieces are made of permanent magnet materials, and the permanent magnet materials are arranged on the flexible blocking pieces. Detachable electromagnetic plates are arranged on the outer walls of the two flexible separation blades; the method comprises the steps that an electromagnetic plate is controlled to stretch into the back face of a flexible blocking piece, then electrification is conducted, and the flexible blocking piece is attracted and fixed to the electromagnetic plate at the moment; and the conveying line is controlled to operate until the aluminum slab ingot groove moves to the pouring station, and then molten aluminum is poured into the aluminum slab ingot groove through the pouring mechanism. According to the scheme, the aluminum slab ingot is directly produced through the electrolytic aluminum liquid, the surface quality of the aluminum slab ingot is remarkably improved, the problem that a coarse grain layer and segregation tumors are serious is effectively solved, and warping of the bottom of the aluminum slab ingot can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of casting technology, and in particular to an aluminum casting device and method (aluminum ingot casting / forming method). Background Art

[0002] At present, about 60% to 70% of electrolytic aluminum liquid in developed countries such as Europe and the United States is directly used to produce ingots, especially large aluminum slabs, while in my country, this proportion is only about 20%. Due to the large size of aluminum slabs, high temperature of electrolytic aluminum liquid, high gas and impurity content, there are many technical difficulties (such as poor surface quality of ingots, serious coarse grain layer and segregation nodules, serious warping at the bottom of ingots, large amount of ingot milling, and low ingot yield). Therefore, most aluminum processing companies are still using the aluminum ingot remelting method to produce aluminum alloy slabs, and only a few companies use electrolyte to produce large aluminum alloy slabs.

[0003] The existing document CN115156488B discloses an aluminum alloy flat ingot melting and casting device, including an intermittent feeding mechanism, a weighing spoon and a switch installed on a frame, the intermittent feeding mechanism is driven by a driving motor, the mold assembly is placed on the intermittent feeding mechanism, the intermittent feeding mechanism includes a first cam, a second cam is sleeved on the shaft passing through the first cam, the second cam contacts one end of the weighing spoon through the cam driving mechanism at the top, the bottom end of the electromagnetic melting furnace is connected to an electromagnetic discharge port, the other end of the weighing spoon is located below the electromagnetic discharge port, and the weighing spoon contacts the switch when the farthest end away from the cam driving mechanism is at the highest point. However, this solution still cannot effectively solve the problems of poor surface quality of the ingot, serious segregation nodules, and warping of the bottom of the ingot, and its forming efficiency needs to be further optimized. Summary of the invention

[0004] At least in view of the problems mentioned in the background technology, the present invention aims to provide an aluminum casting device and method.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] Aluminum casting equipment includes an aluminum liquid smelting device, a casting mechanism and an aluminum ingot trough. The aluminum ingot trough is installed on a conveyor line. The aluminum ingot trough includes a bottom plate. Baffles are provided on the two long side edges of the bottom plate. The two baffles are connected by a pulling mechanism. Flexible baffles are provided on the two short side edges of the bottom plate. The flexible baffles are made of permanent magnetic material. Removable electromagnetic plates are provided on the outer walls of the two flexible baffles. The two baffles, the two flexible baffles and the electromagnetic plates together enclose an aluminum ingot cavity with adjustable volume.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the lower end of the flexible baffle is fixedly connected to the two short side walls of the bottom plate, and the wall thickness of the flexible baffle does not exceed 2 mm.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the widths of the flexible baffle and the electromagnetic plate are 2 to 5 mm wider than the aluminum ingot cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the pulling mechanism includes four cylinders, and the telescopic rods of every two cylinders are respectively connected to the same baffle. When the telescopic rods of the cylinders are in the initial state, the baffle corresponds to the pouring state, and when the telescopic rods of the cylinders are in the extended state, the baffle corresponds to the unloading state.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of flexible baffles and electromagnetic plates are arranged at intervals between the two pulling mechanisms, an inner groove is arranged on the inner wall of the baffle, and the flexible baffles and the electromagnetic plates are fitted in the inner groove.

[0011] A method using the aforementioned aluminum casting equipment, comprising the following steps: Step 1, introducing the smelted aluminum liquid into the casting mechanism; Step 2, controlling the pulling mechanism of the aluminum flat ingot slot to be in an initial state; Step 3, control the electromagnetic plate to extend into the back of the flexible baffle, and then power on, at which time the flexible baffle is adsorbed and fixed on the electromagnetic plate; Step 4, controlling the conveyor line to run until the aluminum ingot trough moves to the pouring station and then pauses, and then pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot trough through the pouring mechanism; Step 5, controlling the conveyor line to continue running, when the aluminum slab in the aluminum slab trough is formed, controlling the electromagnetic plate to be powered off and demagnetized, controlling the telescopic rod of the pulling mechanism to extend, and then unloading the aluminum slab in the aluminum slab trough.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the aluminum ingot slot has a rectangular structure.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the height of the aluminum slab groove (corresponding to the thickness of the aluminum slab) is not greater than 10 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, an ultrasonic oscillator is embedded on the electromagnetic plate, and the ultrasonic oscillator is externally connected to an ultrasonic host; during the process of pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot groove and solidifying it, the ultrasonic host is controlled to work according to the set frequency.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The use of the solution of the present invention to directly produce aluminum slabs through electrolytic aluminum liquid can significantly improve the surface quality of the aluminum slabs, effectively solve the serious problems of coarse grain layer and segregation nodules, prevent the bottom of the aluminum slab from warping, and control the milling amount of the surface (front and back) of the aluminum slab to within 1 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the aluminum casting equipment in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion (disassembled state) of the aluminum casting equipment in Example 1; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the aluminum casting equipment in Example 1; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of part A in the middle (casting status); Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of part A in the middle (aluminum ingot unloading state). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0018] Combination Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an aluminum casting device includes an aluminum molten metal smelting device, a pouring mechanism and an aluminum flat ingot trough. The height of the aluminum flat ingot trough is not more than 10 cm. The aluminum flat ingot trough is installed on a conveyor line. The aluminum molten metal smelting device, the pouring mechanism and the conveyor line all use existing facilities. The improvements include: the aluminum flat ingot trough includes a bottom plate 1, and baffles 2 are provided on the two long edges of the bottom plate 1. The two baffles 2 are connected by a pulling mechanism 3. Flexible baffles 4 are provided on the two short edges of the bottom plate 1. The flexible baffles 4 are made of permanent magnetic materials. The outer walls of the two flexible baffles 4 are provided with detachable electromagnetic plates 5. The two baffles 2, the two flexible baffles 4 and the electromagnetic plates 5 jointly enclose an aluminum flat ingot cavity with adjustable volume. Among them, the lower end of the flexible baffle 4 is fixedly connected to the two short side walls of the bottom plate 1, the wall thickness of the flexible baffle 4 is 1.5 mm, and the width of the flexible baffle 4 and the electromagnetic plate is 2.5 mm wider than the aluminum flat ingot cavity.

[0019] In this embodiment, the pulling mechanism 3 includes four cylinders 6, which are symmetrically arranged near the end of the baffle 2. The telescopic rods of every two cylinders 6 are connected to the same baffle 2. When the telescopic rods of the cylinders 6 are in the initial state, the baffle 2 corresponds to the pouring state, and when the telescopic rods of the cylinders 6 are in the extended state, the baffle 2 corresponds to the unloading state. Ten flexible baffles 4 and ten electromagnetic plates 5 are arranged between the two pulling mechanisms 3 to achieve the simultaneous formation of five aluminum ingot grooves. A corresponding inner groove 7 is arranged on the inner wall of each baffle 2, and the flexible baffle 4 and the electromagnetic plate 5 are matched in the inner groove 7. An ultrasonic oscillator is embedded on the electromagnetic plate 5, and the ultrasonic oscillator is externally connected to an ultrasonic host; in the process of pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot groove, the ultrasonic host is controlled to work according to the set frequency.

[0020] A method for aluminum casting equipment, designing the specifications of the aluminum ingot slot according to the process requirements and the required aluminum ingot specifications (length 81cm*width 51cm*height 6cm), and then implementing it according to the following steps: Step 1, introducing the smelted (refined) aluminum liquid into the casting mechanism; Step 2, controlling the pulling mechanism 3 of the aluminum flat ingot slot to be in an initial state; Step 3, control the electromagnetic plate 5 to extend into the back of the flexible baffle 4 and abut against the inner groove 7 (specifically, abut against the wall surface of the inner groove 7 along the width direction of the baffle 2), and then turn on the power. At this time, the flexible baffle 4 is adsorbed and fixed on the electromagnetic plate 5. In this case, the aluminum flat ingot cavity is a standard rectangular structure; Step 4, control the conveyor line to operate until the aluminum ingot trough moves to the pouring station and then pauses, and then pours aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot trough through the pouring mechanism; in the process of pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot trough and solidifying, control the ultrasonic host to work at a set frequency (50kHz); Step 5, control the conveyor line to continue running, when the aluminum slab in the aluminum slab slot is formed, control the electromagnetic plate 5 to be powered off and demagnetized, control the telescopic rod of the pulling mechanism 3 to extend, and then remove the electromagnetic plate 5. In this case, the aluminum slab cavity is a structure with a thick top and a thin bottom (such as Figure 5 Then, the aluminum slab in the aluminum slab trough is unloaded.

[0021] Comparative Example 1, the aluminum slab casting scheme refers to Example 1, and the difference between it and Example 1 is that: the aluminum slab cavity is composed of a base plate and four baffles, the base plate and the baffles and the baffles are connected by bolts, the flexible baffle 4, the electromagnetic plate 5 and the ultrasonic oscillator are omitted, and an aluminum slab of the same specification as in the example is prepared.

[0022] Comparative Example 2, the aluminum slab casting scheme refers to Example 1, and the difference between it and Example 1 is that: the aluminum slab cavity is composed of a base plate and four baffles, the base plate and the baffles and the baffles are connected by bolts, and the ultrasonic oscillator is installed on the baffle.

[0023] The aluminum slabs prepared in the embodiments and comparative embodiments were tested and tried out, and the results showed that: the aluminum slab obtained in Example 1 had excellent surface quality and internal quality, without coarse grain layer and segregation nodules, and the bottom surface (corresponding to the forming surface where the flexible baffle 4 is located) and the top surface (corresponding to the forming surface where the flexible baffle 4 is located) of the aluminum slab had good flatness, and the milling surface thickness was controlled within 1 mm to meet the use requirements; the aluminum slab obtained in Example 2 had poor surface quality and internal quality, with multiple segregation nodules, shrinkage cavities and coarse grain layer, the bottom surface and the top surface of the aluminum slab had poor flatness, and a large number of areas did not meet the use requirements; the aluminum slab obtained in Example 3 had poor surface quality, multiple segregation nodules on the surface, the bottom surface and the top surface of the aluminum slab had poor flatness, and the milling surface thickness reached about 4 mm to meet the use requirements.

[0024] In the present invention, the cavity walls corresponding to the bottom and top surfaces of the aluminum slab are arranged vertically, and a flexible baffle 4 is used as a part of the inner wall of the cavity, and the electromagnetic plate 5 is used to form a rigid and flexible inner wall of the cavity. In the process of pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum slab groove, the ultrasonic host is controlled to work according to the set frequency, thereby eliminating the segregation nodules, shrinkage holes and coarse grain layers in the melt forming process, and ensuring the flatness of the bottom and surface of the aluminum slab. The flexible baffle 4 not only serves as a medium for vibration transmission, but also can guide the melt to make adaptive adjustments. In particular, the flexible baffle 4 can vibrate slightly at high frequency in the horizontal and vertical directions to promote the solidification of the melt to be more dense and flat. Theoretically, the flatness can be consistent with the surface flatness of the flexible baffle 4 in the fixed state, and aluminum slabs can be directly produced by electrolyzing aluminum liquid. In addition, the present invention also has the advantage of high forming efficiency, and can form five large-sized aluminum slabs at one time.

Claims

1. An aluminum casting equipment, comprising an aluminum molten melting device, a casting mechanism and an aluminum slab trough, wherein the aluminum slab trough is installed on a conveyor line, characterized in that: The aluminum flat ingot trough comprises a bottom plate (1), baffles (2) are matched at the two long side edges of the bottom plate (1), the two baffles (2) are connected by a pulling mechanism (3), flexible baffles (4) are arranged at the two short side edges of the bottom plate (1), the flexible baffles (4) are made of permanent magnetic material, and the outer walls of the two flexible baffles (4) are arranged with detachable electromagnetic plates (5), and the two baffles (2), the two flexible baffles (4) and the electromagnetic plates (5) together enclose an aluminum flat ingot cavity with adjustable volume.

2. The aluminum casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the flexible baffle (4) is fixedly connected to the two short side walls of the bottom plate (1), and the wall thickness of the flexible baffle (4) does not exceed 2 mm.

3. The aluminum casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The widths of the flexible baffle (4) and the electromagnetic plate are both 2 to 5 mm wider than the aluminum flat ingot cavity.

4. The aluminum casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling mechanism (3) comprises four cylinders (6), and the telescopic rods of every two cylinders (6) are respectively connected to the same baffle (2); when the telescopic rods of the cylinders (6) are in an initial state, the baffle (2) corresponds to a pouring state; when the telescopic rods of the cylinders (6) are in an extended state, the baffle (2) corresponds to a discharging state.

5. The aluminum casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of flexible baffles (4) and electromagnetic plates (5) are arranged at intervals between the two pulling mechanisms (3); an inner groove (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the baffle (2); and the flexible baffles (4) and the electromagnetic plates (5) fit in the inner groove (7).

6. A method for using the aluminum casting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the steps include: Step 1, introducing the smelted aluminum liquid into the casting mechanism; Step 2, controlling the pulling mechanism (3) of the aluminum ingot slot to be in an initial state; Step 3, controlling the electromagnetic plate (5) to extend into the back of the flexible baffle (4), and then energizing, so that the flexible baffle (4) is adsorbed and fixed on the electromagnetic plate (5); Step 4, controlling the conveyor line to run until the aluminum ingot trough moves to the pouring station and then pauses, and then pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot trough through the pouring mechanism; Step 5, controlling the conveyor line to continue to run, when the aluminum slab in the aluminum slab trough is formed, controlling the electromagnetic plate (5) to be powered off and demagnetized, controlling the telescopic rod of the pulling mechanism (3) to extend, and then unloading the aluminum slab in the aluminum slab trough.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aluminum ingot slot has a rectangular structure.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the aluminum flat ingot trough is no more than 10 cm.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: An ultrasonic oscillator is embedded on the electromagnetic plate (5), and the ultrasonic oscillator is externally connected to an ultrasonic host. During the process of pouring aluminum liquid into the aluminum ingot groove and solidifying it, the ultrasonic host is controlled to operate according to a set frequency.

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