Implantation-assisted three-dimensional forming method

Abstract

The invention relates to an implantation-assisted three-dimensional forming method, which improves the forming capability of a laser powder bed fusion process on overhanging and camber structures by optimally designing a pre-forming element and a positioning-assisted structure. The method comprises the following steps: screening an area needing to be supported according to geometrical characteristics of a component, generating a planning space, and dynamically determining the height of an implant layer to reduce the supporting volume; a pre-forming element mathematical model with a vertical positioning hole group and a powder passing process hole group is generated based on a horizontal section and extends downwards to form a positioning auxiliary structure mathematical model, and layer-by-layer forming is carried out after necessary supporting structure slicing is combined. In the forming process, a mechanical arm accurately assembles a pre-forming element on an implantation layer, and scanning forming continues after powder filling and leveling. According to the method, a traditional overall supporting structure is replaced with a preformed element, material consumption is greatly reduced, laser scanning time is greatly shortened, powder flowing uniformity is ensured through a powder passing process hole group, and fusion defects are reduced; and the high-precision alignment of the vertical positioning hole group and the positioning auxiliary structure inhibits the warping deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to an implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method. Background Art

[0002] Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is one of the important methods in the field of additive manufacturing. It is based on laying a thin layer of powder on the surface of the powder bed, scanning and irradiating the selected area of ​​the thin layer of powder with a high-power laser beam, so that it fuses and deposits on the substrate, and then descends layer by layer through the substrate, and the powder laying, scanning and irradiation steps are cyclically executed, so that the deposit grows layer by layer on the substrate until it is fully formed. The existing electromagnetic-driven optical actuator has micron-level control accuracy of the laser beam, as well as the advantages of low inertia and high-speed response, making LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment in the field of precision mechanical parts, especially high-performance products with complex internal structures and three-dimensional functional surfaces. The processing has shown irreplaceable advantages.

[0003] On the other hand, the way that LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment deploys thin layers of powder on the powder bed, i.e., the powder spreading step, is based on horizontally pushing and scraping high-flowability powder materials under a gravity field environment. This makes the process of laser beam scanning and irradiating thin layers of powder and generating solid deposition layers rely on the support, heat dissipation and fixation of the formed entity below, that is, the laser beam scanning irradiation area must be directly above or adjacent to the existing entity. Otherwise, the powder will collapse, warp, break and other defects due to lack of support, heat dissipation and fixation during fusion, cooling and solidification, and cause collision damage to the powder spreading mechanism, displacement and fall of the formed object during subsequent powder spreading; this seriously restricts the forming ability of LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment for overhanging and outward-inclined structures, and limits the scope of application of LPBF. For this reason, existing LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment generally adds support auxiliary structures below the overhanging and outward-inclined parts of three-dimensional parts, and simultaneously forms the support auxiliary structures when forming the three-dimensional part body layer by layer until it reaches the designed support height, thereby providing important support, heat dissipation and fixation for the subsequent layer-by-layer fusion deposition of the overhanging and outward-inclined parts.

[0004] The process of forming the support auxiliary structure by LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment is similar to that of forming the three-dimensional component body, and it also consumes corresponding powder materials, laser beam energy and scanning time, and the required amount is proportional to the volume of the support auxiliary structure. When the three-dimensional component has many overhanging and outward-inclined parts and is located at a high position, the unreasonable phenomenon that the volume of the support auxiliary structure is much larger than the three-dimensional component body will occur, which not only seriously reduces the powder material utilization rate, laser energy efficiency and overall productivity of the LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment, but also greatly prolongs the production cycle and increases the process risk; there are publicly reported technical cases of achieving "no support" and "less support" LPBF three-dimensional forming through fine control of laser energy and optimization of scanning paths, but it is only used to partially alleviate the collapse, warping and fracture problems of fused deposits, and cannot fundamentally replace the support, heat dissipation and fixing of the support auxiliary structure for the overhanging and outward-inclined parts. At present, in the field of additive manufacturing technology, there is still a lack of an LPBF three-dimensional forming method that can form overhanging and outward-inclined structures with high quality and effectively reduce the amount of support auxiliary structures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art and to provide an implantation-assisted three-dimensional forming method which is easy to operate and low in cost, and which achieves effective support for overhanging and outward-inclined parts by positioning a small number of auxiliary structures and implanting preformed elements into the powder bed in the intermediate stage of forming, thereby avoiding the direct forming of a large number of supporting auxiliary structures in the LPBF manner, and the problems of low forming efficiency and high cost caused by the implantation-assisted three-dimensional forming method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping method comprises the following steps: Determine the placement of the digital model of the part to be formed on the substrate, select the area to be supported according to the camber angle conditions, and project it onto the substrate and the digital model of the part to be formed to form a planning space; Insert a horizontal section into the planned space, and use the minimization of the volume of the upper cut-off space and the lower cross-boundary space as a constraint to determine the height of the horizontal section as the implantation layer height; Taking the cross section of the horizontal section as the upper surface, extending downward to set the thickness to generate a preformed component digital model, and dispersively setting a vertical positioning hole group and a powder processing hole group in the preformed component digital model; Starting from the vertical positioning hole group, the holes are extended vertically downward to the upper surface of the substrate within the planned space to generate a digital model of the positioning auxiliary structure; Add the support structure digital model in the upper cutting space and the lower crossing space, remove the preformed component digital model, and slice the combination of the digital model of the part to be formed, the digital model of the positioning auxiliary structure and the digital model of the support structure according to the layer thickness corresponding to the powder laying height to obtain the overall three-dimensional digital model slice data; When forming layer by layer to the implantation layer, the preformed component is implanted into the positioning auxiliary structure by a robotic arm, and the formed component body is scanned after the powder is filled.

[0007] Preferably, the horizontal section divides the planned space into an upper cut-off space and a lower cross-boundary space, the volumes of which can be calculated, and the section position which minimizes the sum of the volumes of the two spaces is solved by an optimization algorithm.

[0008] Preferably, when the lower end of the planned space is simultaneously joined to the substrate and the digital model of the component to be formed, the extension end point of the digital model of the positioning auxiliary structure is the geometric interface between the upper surface of the substrate and the digital model of the component to be formed.

[0009] Preferably, when the robotic arm operates on the implantation layer, the steps include: the robotic arm cleaning the implantation layer powder to expose the positioning auxiliary structure, grabbing the preformed component and assembling it to the positioning auxiliary structure, and filling the powder around the preformed component to keep the powder spreading surface flat.

[0010] Preferably, the planning space includes multiple independent subspaces, and the preformed component digital models and the positioning auxiliary structure digital models are respectively generated in the multiple independent planning subspaces. When forming each implantation layer layer by layer, the robotic arm completes the implantation of the corresponding preformed components in turn.

[0011] Preferably, the powder passing process hole group penetrates through the pre-molding element digital mold, allowing powder to pass through during the powder spreading process to maintain the fluidity and flatness of the powder bed.

[0012] Preferably, the digital model of the positioning auxiliary structure is generated by a vertical stretching process, and its height direction is strictly aligned with the vertical positioning hole group of the digital model of the preformed element.

[0013] A three-dimensional forming machine tool system is used in an implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method in the above technical solution, comprising: Forming initialization: The controller controls the robot arm to move to the standby position outside the action area of ​​the powder spreading unit and the laser scanning unit, injects powder into the powder supply unit, places the preformed component on the component bracket, and closes the forming chamber; the controller starts the atmosphere unit to adjust the gas in the forming chamber to an inert state, drives the substrate of the powder bed and the powder spreading unit back to zero position, and loads the 3D digital model slicing data; First layer forming: The controller controls the substrate to descend to the powder spreading height, and the powder supply unit outputs the powder required for a single powder spreading to the powder spreading unit. The powder spreading unit pushes the powder to fill the depression caused by the descent of the substrate, and pushes the excess powder into the powder return unit; the laser scanning unit scans the first layer of powder to generate a flaky solid deposit; Cyclic forming to implantation layer: Repeat the first layer forming step to accumulate the deposits on the substrate or the formed layer until the implantation layer height is reached. Implantation layer operation: The controller triggers the robot arm to clean the implantation layer powder to expose the assembly part of the positioning auxiliary structure, grab the preformed component and assemble it to the positioning auxiliary structure, fill the powder around the preformed component to make the powder bed surface flat; Continue forming layer by layer: Repeat the first layer forming step to accumulate subsequent deposits on the formed layer and preformed components until the full-layer scanning forming of the digital model of the part to be formed is completed.

[0014] Preferably, the preformed element is a flat porous structure and its vertical positioning hole group and powder process hole group are through-hole arrays with a thickness that matches the implant layer height, wherein the material composition of the preformed element is the same as the powder material used for laser powder bed fusion, and the vertical positioning hole group is used for assembly with a positioning auxiliary structure.

[0015] Preferably, the preformed component is placed obliquely on the component bracket and can be manufactured by laser cutting, wire electric discharge cutting or CNC cutting. Beneficial Effects

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: replacing the traditional full support structure with a positioning auxiliary structure and a preformed component implant assembly scheme, significantly reducing the support volume and reducing the time for laser scanning the support area. It has the advantages of high laser scanning forming efficiency, high powder utilization, and a small amount of support removal and a small range of surface damage. It can greatly shorten the forming time of complex parts and is suitable for application in LPBF three-dimensional forming equipment of various sizes and material types.

[0017] The preformed element of the present invention is provided with a vertical positioning hole group and a powder passing process hole group, allowing the powder to flow and fill the gap between the preformed element and the powder bed during the powder spreading process, avoiding insufficient melting due to uneven powder accumulation, thereby reducing collapse and porosity. The alignment assembly of the vertical positioning hole group and the positioning auxiliary structure ensures the positional accuracy of the preformed element and the formed structure, avoiding poor fusion or stress concentration due to misalignment, thereby inhibiting warping and deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a machine tool for implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the control signal proposed in the present invention; FIG3 is a group of structural schematic diagrams of S1-S6 in the implantation auxiliary planning and slicing steps proposed in the present invention; Figure 4 Group A is a structural schematic diagram group of A1-A7 in the implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping step proposed in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1 frame, 100 controller, 2 molding chamber, 3 powder bed, 31 substrate, 4 powder supply unit, 41 strip powder pile, 5 powder spreading unit, 6 powder return unit, 7 robotic arm, 8 component bracket, 81 preforming component, 9 atmosphere unit, 91 air inlet, 92 exhaust port, 10 laser scanning unit, 300 digital model of component to be formed, 400 planning space, 401 upper cutting space, 402 lower cross-border space, 500 horizontal section, 600 digital model of preforming component, 601 vertical positioning hole group, 602 powder process hole group, 700 digital model of positioning auxiliary structure, 800 digital model of supporting structure, 1001 component body, 1002 lower supporting structure, 1003 positioning auxiliary structure, 1004 upper supporting structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a machine tool system using an implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method, the machine tool system includes a molding chamber 2 on a frame 1, a powder bed 3 in the frame 1, the upper opening of the powder bed 3 is engaged with the bottom plate of the molding chamber 2; a base plate 31 is in the powder bed 3, the powder bed 3 can drive the base plate 31 to move up and down and position, and when the base plate 31 is in zero position, it is flush with the upper edge of the powder bed 3 and the bottom plate of the molding chamber 2; a powder supply unit 4 and a powder spreading unit 5 are in the molding chamber 2, and a powder return unit 6 is in the frame 1, and the opening of the powder return unit 6 is connected to the molding chamber 2 The bottom plate is connected; the powder supply unit 4 can output powder to the powder spreading unit 5 in a quantitative manner, and the powder spreading unit 5 moves back and forth horizontally on the bottom plate of the molding chamber 2, spreads powder on the upper mouth of the powder bed 3, and pushes the excess powder into the opening of the powder return unit 6; there are a robot arm 7 and a component bracket 8 in the molding chamber 2, and the movement range of the robot arm 7 covers the area of ​​the powder bed 3 and the component bracket 8. The preformed component 81 on the component bracket 8 is picked up by the robot arm 7. A plurality of preformed components 81 are placed on the component bracket 8, and the preformed components 81 are placed at an angle.

[0022] There is an atmosphere unit 9 in the frame 1, and the atmosphere unit 9 is provided with an air inlet 91 and an exhaust port 92 connected to the two side plates of the molding chamber 2. The atmosphere unit 9 inhales the gas in the molding chamber 2 through the air inlet 91, and sends it back to the molding chamber 2 through the exhaust port 92 after filtering and purification. There is a laser scanning unit 10 on the top of the molding chamber 2, and the scanning range of the laser scanning unit 10 covers the powder bed 3.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the controller 100 is connected to the powder bed 3, the controller 100 is connected to the powder supply unit 4, the controller 100 is connected to the powder spreading unit 5, the controller 100 is connected to the robotic arm 7, the controller 100 is connected to the atmosphere unit 9, and the controller 100 is connected to the laser scanning unit 10; the controller 100 sends an electrical signal to the powder bed 3 to control the powder bed 3 to drive the substrate 31 to move up to the zero position before the component is formed, and then to lower the powder spreading height before spreading the powder layer by layer; the controller 100 sends an electrical signal to the powder supply unit 4 to control the powder supply unit 4 to output the powder required for a single powder spreading to the powder spreading unit 5; the controller 100 sends an electrical signal to the powder spreading unit 5 to control the linear module of the powder spreading unit 5 to drive the scraper The powder spreading action is performed from left to right, and the return to zero point action is performed from right to left; the controller 100 sends an electrical signal to the robot arm 7 to control the robot arm 7 to clean the specified area of ​​the powder bed 3, grab the preformed component 81 from the component bracket 8, implant and assemble it on the positioning auxiliary structure, and perform powder burial and leveling; the controller 100 sends an electrical signal to the atmosphere unit 9 to control the atmosphere unit 9 to adjust the working gas in the molding chamber 2 to an inert state, and maintain the circulation and purification of the working gas in the molding chamber 2; the controller 100 sends an electrical signal to the laser scanning unit 10 to control the laser scanning unit 10 to scan and irradiate the selected area of ​​the opening of the powder bed 3 according to the set laser power, linear speed, spot diameter and other parameters.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 3 , an implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method first loads a digital model 300 of a part to be formed into a computer 3D operating environment, and the steps of implant-assisted planning and slicing are as follows: S1: Determine the placement posture of the digital model 300 of the component to be formed on the substrate 31, select the lower surface area that needs to be supported based on the outward angle, and project the area onto the substrate 31 and the body of the digital model 300 of the component to be formed to form a planning space 400; It should be noted that the camber angle can be any inclination angle between 0 and 90 degrees.

[0025] S2: inserting a horizontal section 500 at any height in the planned space 400, taking the volume and minimum of the upper cut-off space 401 and the lower cross-boundary space 402 as constraints, and determining the height of the horizontal section 500, i.e., the height of the implantation layer; S3: Taking the cross section of the horizontal section 500 in the planning space 400 as the upper surface, stretching downward to set the thickness, adding vertical positioning hole groups 601 and powder process hole groups 602 in a dispersed manner, and generating a preformed component digital model 600; It should be particularly noted that the powder processing hole group 602 and the vertical positioning hole group 601 are cylindrical hole arrays that penetrate the preformed component digital model 600.

[0026] S4: starting from the vertical positioning hole group 601, stretching downward to the upper surface of the substrate 31 in the planned space 400 to generate a positioning auxiliary structure digital model 700; It should be particularly noted that when the substrate 31 and the digital model 300 of the component to be formed are simultaneously joined at the lower end of the planning space 400, the vertical positioning hole group 601 is used as the starting point and stretched downward in the planning space 400 to the geometric interface between the upper surface of the substrate 31 and the digital model 300 of the component to be formed, to generate a positioning auxiliary structure digital model 700.

[0027] S5: Adding a support structure digital mold 800 in the upper cutting space 401 and the lower crossing space 402, and then removing the preformed component digital mold 600, the removed preformed component digital mold 600 is used for cutting and processing the preformed component 81; S6: The remaining digital model 300 of the component to be formed, the digital model 700 of the positioning auxiliary structure and the digital model 800 of the supporting structure are sliced ​​according to the layer thickness corresponding to the powder laying height to obtain the overall three-dimensional digital model slice data; like Figure 4 As shown, the machine tool system scans layer by layer to the implantation layer, implants the preformed element 81, and the subsequent layer-by-layer forming steps are as follows: A1: The robot arm 7 cleans the local powder of the powder bed 3 so that the assembly part of the positioning auxiliary structure 1003 is fully exposed; A2: The robot arm 7 grabs the preformed component 81 on the component bracket 8, moves, positions, and assembles it onto the positioning auxiliary structure 1003; A3: The robot arm 7 buries and fills the powder around the preformed component 81, and then returns to the standby position; A4: The powder bed 3 drives the substrate 31 to descend the powder spreading height, and the powder supply unit 4 outputs the powder for a single powder spreading to the powder spreading unit 5, and the supplied powder forms a strip-shaped powder pile 41 on the right side of the scraper; A5: The powder spreading unit 5 drives the scraper to push the strip-shaped powder pile 41 to perform the powder spreading action, so as to fill the depression of the powder bed 3 caused by the lowering of the substrate 31 and generate a new powder layer; A6: The laser scanning unit 10 receives the slice data of the current layer and scans and irradiates the new powder layer. After the scanning and irradiation is completed, the powder laying unit 5 returns to the zero point, and the current layer is formed; A7: The above steps A4, A5, and A6 are executed in a loop until all the layer slice data are scanned and irradiated, the component body 1001 grows to a complete shape, an upper support structure 1004 is formed above the preformed element 81, and implant-assisted three-dimensional forming is completed.

[0028] A machine tool system using an implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method includes a layer-by-layer forming method, and the specific steps are as follows: Before starting molding, the controller 100 first sends a standby command to the robot 7, controls the robot 7 to run to the standby position outside the action area of ​​the powder spreading unit 5 and the laser scanning unit 10, and then injects a sufficient amount of powder into the powder supply unit 4, places the preformed component 81 on the component bracket 8 and closes the molding chamber. The controller 100 sends an operation command to the atmosphere unit 9, controls the atmosphere unit 9 to adjust the working gas in the molding chamber to an inert state, thereby maintaining the circulation purification. The controller 100 sends a return to zero command to the powder bed 3, controls the powder bed 3 to drive the substrate 31 to run to the zero position, and the controller 100 sends a return to zero command to the powder spreading unit 5, controls the powder spreading unit 5 to run to the zero position, and then the controller 100 loads the three-dimensional digital model slicing data.

[0029] For the first layer forming, the controller 100 first sends a descending command to the powder bed 3 and a powder supply command to the powder supply unit 4, respectively driving the substrate 31 to descend the powder spreading height and driving the powder supply unit 4 to output the powder material for a single powder spreading to the powder spreading unit 5. Then the controller 100 sends a powder spreading command to the powder spreading unit 5, controlling the powder spreading unit 5 to push the powder material horizontally to fill the depression of the powder bed caused by the descending of the substrate 31, and push the excess powder material into the powder return unit 6. Then the controller 100 sequentially reads each vector block of the first layer slicing data, generates a scanning instruction sequence and sends it to the laser scanning unit 10, controls the laser scanning unit 10 to perform laser scanning and irradiation, and the free powder particles in the scanned irradiated area of ​​the powder layer melt, polymerize, cool and solidify to form a flaky solid deposit and tightly bonded to the substrate 31. The unscanned irradiated area of ​​the powder layer remains in a free powder state. After all the first layer slicing data are read, sent and executed, the controller 100 controls the powder spreading unit 5 to return to zero position, and the first layer forming is completed.

[0030] The first layer operation is executed cyclically to the implantation layer, and the newly generated sheet-like solid deposits are tightly combined with the accumulated formations of the previous layers until the slicing data is executed to the implantation layer.

[0031] After the implantation layer is formed, the controller 100 sends a powder cleaning instruction to the robot 7, which controls the robot 7 to move the implantation layer powder to the adjacent area, so that the assembly part on the top of the positioning auxiliary structure 1003 is completely exposed. Then the controller 100 sends an implantation instruction to the robot 7, which controls the robot 7 to grab the preformed component 81 on the component bracket 8, move, position and assemble it to the positioning auxiliary structure. After assembly, the upper surface of the preformed component 81 is at the same height as the surface of the powder bed. The controller 100 sends a filling instruction to the robot 7, which controls the robot 7 to move the powder in the adjacent area of ​​the implantation layer and fill the gap between the preformed component 81 and the powder bed 3, so that the surface of the powder bed 3 is flat as a whole, and then returns to the standby station.

[0032] Continue to loop the first layer operation; the controller 100 continues to loop the substrate 31 lowering and powder supplying, powder spreading, laser scanning irradiation, and the powder spreading unit 5 returns to the zero point step, and the newly generated sheet-like solid deposits continue to accumulate on the previous layer of accumulated formed objects and preformed elements 81 until all layer slice data of the three-dimensional digital model of the part to be formed are read, sent, and scanned.

[0033] The method of planning the positioning auxiliary structure 1003 and the preformed element 81 of the present invention can be any number of implanted layer heights in addition to the single implanted layer height in the present embodiment. In addition to the single planning space in the present embodiment, it can also be carried out in multiple independent planning subspaces according to the dispersion of the auxiliary support area. Correspondingly, during the molding process, the robot 7 needs to complete the implantation operation of the corresponding preformed element 81 in sequence when molding layer by layer to each implanted layer height. Multiple implantation of the preformed element 81 can further reduce the total volume of the directly molded support auxiliary structure.

[0034] The preformed element 81 of the present invention is a flat porous structure. A flat plate with the same thickness as the preformed element 81 and the same type of powder material as that used in LPBF can be used. It can be efficiently and low-cost processed by laser cutting, electric spark wire cutting, diamond wire cutting, CNC cutting and other processing methods. After the implantation operation is completed, the preformed element 81 plays a role in supporting the outward-inclined and overhanging lower surface above its height in the powder bed 3.

[0035] After the preformed element 81 of the present invention is implanted, a forming support auxiliary structure can be added as needed in the upper cutting space 401 and the lower crossing space 402 of the planning space 400. The forming support auxiliary structure and the body of the component to be formed are merged and sliced ​​to form an overall three-dimensional digital model slicing data for laser scanning irradiation control of LPBF layer-by-layer forming.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping method, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Determine the placement posture of the digital model (300) of the component to be formed on the substrate (31), select the area to be supported according to the camber angle condition, and project it onto the substrate (31) and the body of the digital model (300) of the component to be formed to form a planning space (400); Inserting a horizontal section (500) into the planning space (400), taking the volume sum minimization of the upper cut-off space (401) and the lower cross-boundary space (402) as a constraint, and determining the height of the horizontal section (500) as the implantation layer height; Taking the cross section of the horizontal cross section (500) as the upper surface, extending downward to a set thickness to generate a preformed component digital model (600), and dispersively arranging a vertical positioning hole group (601) and a powder processing hole group (602) in the preformed component digital model (600); Starting from the vertical positioning hole group (601), the holes are vertically extended downward to the upper surface of the substrate (31) in the planned space (400) to generate a positioning auxiliary structure digital model (700); Adding a support structure digital model (800) to the upper cut-off space (401) and the lower cross-boundary space (402), removing the preformed component digital model (600), and slicing the combination of the digital model of the part to be formed (300), the digital model of the positioning auxiliary structure (700) and the digital model of the support structure (800) according to the layer thickness corresponding to the powder laying height to obtain the overall three-dimensional digital model slicing data; When forming layer by layer to the implantation layer, the preformed element (81) is implanted into the positioning auxiliary structure (1003) by the robot arm (7), and the formed component body (1001) is continuously scanned after the powder is filled.

2. The implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal section (500) divides the planned space (400) into an upper cut-off space (401) and a lower cross-boundary space (402) whose volumes can be calculated, and an optimization algorithm is used to find the section position that minimizes the sum of the volumes of the two spaces.

3. The implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the lower end of the planning space (400) is simultaneously joined to the substrate (31) and the digital model (300) of the component to be formed, the extension end point of the positioning auxiliary structure digital model (700) is the geometric interface between the upper surface of the substrate (31) and the digital model (300) of the component to be formed.

4. The implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the robot arm (7) operates on the implantation layer, the robot arm (7) includes the steps of cleaning the implantation layer powder to expose the positioning auxiliary structure (1003), grabbing the preformed element (81) and assembling it to the positioning auxiliary structure (1003), and filling the powder around the preformed element (81) to keep the powder spreading surface flat.

5. The implant-assisted three-dimensional shaping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planning space (400) includes a plurality of independent subspaces, and a preformed component digital model (600) and a positioning auxiliary structure digital model (700) are respectively generated in the plurality of independent planning subspaces. When forming each implantation layer layer by layer, the robot arm (7) sequentially completes the implantation of the corresponding preformed component (81).

6. According to the implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method of claim 1, the powder-passing process hole group (602) passes through the preformed component digital model (600), allowing powder to pass through during the powder spreading process to maintain the fluidity and flatness of the powder bed (3).

7. According to the implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method of claim 1, the positioning auxiliary structure digital model (700) is generated by a vertical stretching process, and its height direction is strictly aligned with the vertical positioning hole group (601) of the preformed element digital model (600).

8. A three-dimensional forming machine tool system, used to execute the implant-assisted three-dimensional forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Forming initialization: the controller (100) controls the robot arm (7) to move to a standby position outside the action area of ​​the powder spreading unit (5) and the laser scanning unit (10), injects powder into the powder supply unit (4), places the preformed component (81) on the component bracket (8), and closes the forming chamber (2); the controller (100) starts the atmosphere unit (9) to adjust the gas in the forming chamber (2) to an inert state, drives the base plate (31) of the powder bed (3) and the powder spreading unit (5) to return to the zero position, and loads the three-dimensional digital model slicing data; First layer forming: the controller (100) controls the substrate (31) to descend to a powder spreading height, the powder supply unit (4) outputs a single powder spreading amount of powder to the powder spreading unit (5), the powder spreading unit (5) pushes the powder to fill the depression caused by the descent of the substrate (31), and pushes the excess powder into the powder return unit (6); the laser scanning unit (10) scans the first layer of powder to generate a sheet-like solid deposit; Circular forming to the implantation layer: Repeat the first layer forming step to allow the deposit to accumulate on the formed layer until the implantation layer height is reached, the controller (100) triggers the robot arm (7) to clean the implantation layer powder to expose the assembly position of the positioning auxiliary structure (1003), grab the preformed component (81) and assemble it on the positioning auxiliary structure (1003), and fill the powder around the preformed component (81) to make the surface of the powder bed (3) flat; Continue forming layer by layer: Repeat the first layer forming step to accumulate subsequent deposits on the formed layer and the preformed element (81) until the full-layer scanning forming of the digital model (300) of the part to be formed is completed.

9. The three-dimensional forming machine tool system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preformed element (81) is a flat porous structure, and its vertical positioning hole group (601) and powder process hole group (602) are through-hole cylindrical hole arrays, and the thickness matches the implant layer height, wherein the material composition of the preformed element (81) is the same as the powder material used for laser powder bed fusion, and the vertical positioning hole group (601) is used for assembly with the positioning auxiliary structure (1003).

10. The three-dimensional forming machine tool system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preformed component (81) is placed obliquely on the component bracket (8) and can be manufactured by laser cutting, electric spark wire cutting or CNC cutting.

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