A compression and packing device for solid waste treatment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of pressure working equipment, and discloses a compression and packing device for solid waste treatment, including a material bin. The material bin includes a bottom plate, and both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with side plates. One end of the side plate is fixedly connected with a back plate, and a first hydraulic rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the back plate. The extending end of the first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a pressing plate. Through the settings of the sleeve, air cavity, return spring, and puncture needle, the present invention can control the first hydraulic rod to extend during operation, thereby pushing the pressing plate to extrude the plastic materials in the extrusion area, so that the puncture needle will penetrate into the plastic materials as the pressing plate moves. The puncture needle can not only accelerate the rapid discharge of air in the cavities existing during the extrusion of plastic materials, but also avoid the problem that the air inside the bottle-like materials in the plastic materials cannot be discharged due to their own sealing, resulting in the formation of cavities inside the extruded materials and poor extrusion effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pressure working equipment, and particularly relates to a compression and packing device for solid waste treatment. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste extrusion is a common waste pretreatment method used to reduce the volume of waste and improve the efficiency of subsequent treatment or disposal. During operation, it mainly forms an extrusion zone inside the extrusion device and uses various driving methods such as hydraulic pressure to perform hard extrusion and compression on the material. Commonly, it is extruded into rectangular blocks for subsequent packing and stacking transportation. Common solid wastes subjected to compression, extrusion, and packing treatment are generally materials with high recycling value such as metals, papers, and plastics. With the improvement of people's living standards, bottled beverages have gradually become an essential part of people's lives. Therefore, the un-recycled amount of bottled mineral water is increasing year by year, causing great pollution to the environment.

[0003] In the existing technologies for plastic bottle compression treatment, a horizontal compression method is generally adopted. This method has certain defects during actual operation: Firstly, for the compression of plastic materials, such as common plastic bottles, due to the elasticity and toughness of plastics themselves, they are prone to becoming loose again after extrusion. Secondly, the elasticity and toughness of plastic products are also extremely likely to cause cavities to form inside the compressed plastic materials. Especially for plastic bottles, they generally have caps and their interiors may be in a sealed state. It is extremely difficult to completely extrude them without unscrewing the caps during compression. When over-pressured, they are prone to bursting, causing vibration inside the extruded materials and further leading to their loosening, and more likely to result in poor compression efficiency and easy looseness. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing plastic material recycling and extrusion mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compression and packing device for solid waste treatment to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A compression and packing device for solid waste treatment includes a material bin, an extrusion plate arranged inside the material bin, and a first hydraulic rod for driving the extrusion plate to linearly slide. The back of the extrusion plate is fixedly connected with several groups of sleeves arranged at equal intervals. An air cavity is opened inside the sleeve, and an inflation head is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve. One end of a return spring is fixedly connected inside the air cavity, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected with a slider slidably sleeved in the air cavity. One end of the slider away from the return spring is fixedly connected with a puncture needle, and the puncture needle passes through a through hole opened on the extrusion plate. A melting device is arranged inside the puncture needle, and a blowing device is arranged inside the sleeve;

[0006] The melting device includes two sets of power connection blocks fixedly installed inside the through hole from top to bottom and a heating rod fixedly installed inside the puncture needle. One end of the heating rod is fixedly connected with two sets of conductive blocks. The two sets of conductive blocks are installed on the surface of the puncture needle and are adapted to the positions of the two sets of power connection blocks.

[0007] The air blowing device includes two sets of diversion pipes opened in the wall thickness of the sleeve. One end of the diversion pipe is communicated with the air cavity near the inflation head, and a solenoid valve is arranged inside the diversion pipe. The other end of the diversion pipe is connected with an annular cavity arranged outside the through hole on the pressing plate. A number of conical channels evenly distributed in a circumferential direction are opened on the inner side of the annular cavity facing the through hole.

[0008] Preferably, the material bin includes a bottom plate. Both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with side plates. One end of the side plate is fixedly connected with a back plate. A first hydraulic rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the back plate. The extending end of the first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a pressing plate. A support seat is fixedly installed at the upper end of the back plate. The upper part of the support seat is rotatably sleeved with a second hydraulic rod. The extending end of the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with an upper cover plate. One end of the upper cover plate is rotatably sleeved on the upper parts of the two side plates. Both sides of the other end of the side plate are fixedly connected with fixed seats. Sliding grooves are opened inside the two fixed seats. Third hydraulic rods are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the two fixed seats. The extending ends of the two third hydraulic rods are fixedly connected with baffles slidably connected with the sliding grooves.

[0009] Preferably, a through hole communicating with the outside air is opened on the side of the air cavity far from the inflation head.

[0010] Preferably, the puncture needle is made of steel material, and its front end is provided with a tip, and the whole is a smooth-surfaced cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, insulating layers are arranged between the power connection blocks, the conductive blocks and the pressing plate, the puncture needle respectively.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing sleeve is arranged at one end of the inner wall of the through hole close to the sleeve. The conical channels are in an inclined state, and the inner diameter is smaller closer to the inner wall of the through hole.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. Through the settings of the sleeve, air chamber, return spring, and puncture needle, the present invention can, during operation, control the first hydraulic rod to extend, thereby driving the extrusion plate to extrude the plastic material in the extrusion area. At this time, since both the solenoid valve and the inflation head are in the closed state, the slider cannot move in the air chamber, so that the puncture needle will penetrate into the plastic material as the extrusion plate moves. The puncture needle punctures the plastic material, and the extrusion plate extrudes the punctured plastic material. Through puncture, not only can the air in the cavity existing during extrusion in the plastic material be quickly discharged, but also the air inside the bottle-like materials in the plastic material cannot be discharged due to their own sealing, resulting in the formation of a cavity inside the extruded material and poor extrusion effect can be avoided.

[0015] 2. Through the settings of the melting device and the puncture needle, during the process of the puncture needle penetrating into the plastic material, since the power connection block contacts the conductive block, the heating rod can be powered on, causing it to quickly heat up and conduct heat to quickly heat up the puncture needle, enabling the plastic material in contact with the puncture needle to be heated and partially melted. The melted plastic liquid will not only reduce the puncture resistance of the puncture needle, but also fill the gaps inside the compressed material. Moreover, the melted solution contacts the nearby plastic solution and will cool and solidify at a location far from the puncture needle or after the puncture needle detaches from the material, so that the extruded plastic materials can adhere to each other, rather than just being pressed together by hard extrusion force, avoiding loosening due to factors such as vibration during subsequent transportation, resulting in the extrusion material becoming loose or even completely falling apart.

[0016] 3. Through the settings of the air blowing device and the through hole, after extrusion is completed, the third hydraulic rod can be controlled to extend, driving the baffle to move upward, and then while controlling the first hydraulic rod to shorten, the solenoid valve is opened. At this time, the return spring can drive the slider to move inside the air chamber under its own elastic return force, blowing the air inside the air chamber through the diversion pipe and the annular chamber from the conical orifice, which can remove the plastic solution adhering to the surface of the puncture needle, avoiding the plastic solution adhering to the surface of the puncture needle, resulting in the puncture needle being adhered with cooled plastic particles on its surface during subsequent work, affecting the normal subsequent work of the puncture needle. And during the air blowing process, the high-speed air flow will accelerate the cooling of the plastic solution inside the extruded material, ensuring that the extruded materials quickly adhere together. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is an overall schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the puncture needles of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic view at position A in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic view at position B in the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, side plate; 3, back plate; 4, first hydraulic rod; 5, extrusion plate; 6, support seat; 7, second hydraulic rod; 8, upper cover plate; 9, fixed seat; 10, chute; 11, third hydraulic rod; 12, baffle; 13, sleeve; 14, air cavity; 15, inflation head; 16, return spring; 17, slider; 18, puncture needle; 19, electricity connection block; 20, heating rod; 21, conductive block; 22, diversion pipe; 23, solenoid valve; 24, annular cavity; 25, tapered hole. Specific embodiments

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a compression and packing device for solid waste treatment, including a material bin, an extrusion plate 5 arranged in the material bin, and a first hydraulic rod 4 for driving the extrusion plate 5 to slide linearly. A plurality of groups of sleeves 13 arranged at equal intervals are fixedly connected to the back surface of the extrusion plate 5. An air cavity 14 is opened inside the sleeve 13, and an inflation head 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve 13. One end of a return spring 16 is fixedly connected inside the air cavity 14, and the other end of the return spring 16 is fixedly connected to a slider 17 slidably sleeved with the air cavity 14. One end of the slider 17 away from the return spring 16 is fixedly connected to a puncture needle 18. The puncture needle 18 is made of steel material, and its front end is provided with a tip. The whole is a smooth-surfaced cylinder. The puncture needle 18 passes through a through hole opened on the extrusion plate 5. A melting device is arranged inside the puncture needle 18, and a blowing device is arranged inside the sleeve 13;

[0027] The melting device includes two sets of power connection blocks 19 fixedly installed inside the through hole from top to bottom and a heating rod 20 fixedly installed inside the puncture needle 18. One end of the heating rod 20 is fixedly connected with two sets of conductive blocks 21. The two sets of conductive blocks 21 are installed on the surface of the puncture needle 18 and are adapted to the positions of the two sets of power connection blocks 19. Insulating layers are provided between the power connection blocks 19, the conductive blocks 21 and the extrusion plate 5, the puncture needle 18 respectively. After the puncture needle 18 is completely inserted into the plastic material, at this time, the power connection blocks 19 are in contact with the conductive blocks 21, so that the heating rod 20 can be powered on, and it can quickly heat up, and conduct heat to make the puncture needle 18 quickly heat up, and can contact and heat the plastic material of the puncture needle 18 to make it partially melt. The melted plastic liquid will not only fill the gaps inside the compressed material, but also the melted part of the solution contacts the plastic solution nearby and will condense after cooling, so that the extruded plastic materials can be connected together, rather than just being pressed together by hard extrusion force, and the extruded plastics themselves can be adhered together, avoiding loosening due to factors such as vibration during subsequent transportation, resulting in the extrusion material becoming loose or even completely falling apart;

[0028] The air blowing device includes two sets of diversion pipes 22 opened in the wall thickness of the sleeve 13. One end of the diversion pipe 22 is communicated with the air cavity 14 on the side close to the inflation head 15, and a solenoid valve 23 is arranged inside the diversion pipe 22. The other end of the diversion pipe 22 is connected with an annular cavity 24 arranged outside the through hole on the extrusion plate 5. A number of conical holes 25 evenly distributed in a circumferential direction are opened on the inner side of the annular cavity 24 facing the through hole. A sealing sleeve is arranged at one end of the inner wall of the through hole close to the sleeve 13. The conical holes 25 are in an inclined state, and the inner diameter is smaller closer to the inner wall of the through hole. By controlling the shortening of the first hydraulic rod 4 and opening the solenoid valve 23 at the same time, at this time, the return spring 16 can drive the slider 17 to move inside the air cavity 14 under its own elastic force, and blow the air inside the air cavity 14 out from the conical holes 25 through the diversion pipe 22 and the annular cavity 24, so as to remove the plastic solution adhered to the surface of the puncture needle 18, avoiding the plastic solution adhered to the surface of the puncture needle 18, resulting in the surface of the puncture needle 18 being adhered with cooled plastic particles during the subsequent working process and affecting the subsequent normal working of the puncture needle 18. During the retraction process of the puncture needle 18, due to the residual heat on its surface and the lubricity of the plastic solution, it can avoid the puncture needle 18 being unable to be pulled out of the extrusion material under the extrusion action of the material.

[0029] Among them, the material bin includes a bottom plate 1. On both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, side plates 2 are fixedly connected. One end of the side plate 2 is fixedly connected to a back plate 3. A first hydraulic rod 4 is fixedly installed in the middle of the back plate 3. The extending end of the first hydraulic rod 4 is fixedly connected to a pressing plate 5. A support seat 6 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the back plate 3. The upper part of the support seat 6 is rotatably sleeved with a second hydraulic rod 7. The extending end of the second hydraulic rod 7 is fixedly connected to an upper cover plate 8. One end of the upper cover plate 8 is rotatably sleeved on the upper parts of the two side plates 2. On both sides of the other end of the side plate 2, fixing seats 9 are fixedly connected. Slide grooves 10 are opened on the inner sides of the two groups of fixing seats 9. Third hydraulic rods 11 are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the two groups of fixing seats 9. The extending ends of the two groups of third hydraulic rods 11 are fixedly connected to baffles 12 that are slidably connected to the slide grooves 10.

[0030] Among them, a through hole communicating with the outside air is opened on the side of the air chamber 14 away from the inflation head 15. The setting of the inflation head 15 enables the extension length of the puncture needle 18 to be controlled by controlling the amount of air inflated from the inflation head 15 before work, which is convenient for adapting to different compression sizes. At the same time, it can also ensure the normal puncture work of the puncture needle 18 by closing the inflation head 15 and the solenoid valve 23 when the puncture needle 18 is puncturing.

[0031] Working principle:

[0032] Before the operation of the present invention, the third hydraulic rod 11 drives the baffle 12 to move downward in the slide groove 10 to block the front end of the extrusion area. The first hydraulic rod 4 contracts to control the pressing plate 5 to be in the initial position. Then, the plastic material to be extruded is poured into the extrusion area. After the plastic material is filled, the second hydraulic rod 7 extends to press down the upper cover plate 8 to block the upper end of the extrusion area;

[0033] During operation, control the first hydraulic rod 4 to extend, and push the pressing plate 5 to extrude the plastic material in the extrusion area. At this time, since both the solenoid valve 23 and the inflation head 15 are in the closed state, the slider 17 cannot move in the air chamber 14. Therefore, the puncture needle 18 will penetrate into the plastic material as the pressing plate 5 moves. The puncture needle 18 punctures the plastic material, and the pressing plate 5 extrudes the punctured plastic material. Through puncture, not only can the air in the cavity existing during extrusion in the plastic material be quickly discharged, but also the problem that the air in the bottle-like materials in the plastic material cannot be discharged due to its own sealing, resulting in poor extrusion effect, can be avoided;

[0034] During the process of the puncture needle 18 piercing into the plastic material, since the power connection block 19 contacts the conductive block 21, the heating rod 20 can be powered on, enabling it to quickly heat up. Then, through heat conduction, the puncture needle 18 can be quickly heated up, and the plastic material in contact with the puncture needle 18 can be heated, causing it to partially melt. The melted plastic liquid can not only reduce the puncture resistance of the puncture needle 18, but also fill the gaps inside the compressed material. Moreover, when the melted solution contacts the plastic solution nearby, it will cool and solidify at a position far from the puncture needle 18 or after the puncture needle 18 is withdrawn from the material, so that the extruded plastic materials can adhere to each other, rather than just being pressed together by hard extrusion force, thus avoiding loosening due to factors such as vibration during subsequent transportation, which may cause the extruded materials to become loose or even completely disperse.

[0035] After extrusion is completed, control the third hydraulic rod 11 to extend, driving the baffle 12 to move upward. Then, while controlling the first hydraulic rod 4 to shorten, open the solenoid valve 23. At this time, the return spring 16 can drive the slider 17 to move inside the air chamber 14 under its own elastic return force, blowing the air inside the air chamber 14 out through the diversion pipe 22, the annular chamber 24, and the conical orifice 25, which can remove the plastic solution adhering to the surface of the puncture needle 18, avoiding the plastic solution adhering to the surface of the puncture needle 18, which may cause the puncture needle 18 to be adhered with cooled plastic particles due to the cooling of the plastic solution during subsequent work, affecting the subsequent normal work of the puncture needle 18. And during the blowing process, the high-speed air flow will accelerate the cooling of the plastic solution inside the extruded material, ensuring that the extruded materials quickly adhere together. Then, control the first hydraulic rod 4 to continue to extend, and the extruded and packed materials can be pushed out for fixed packing.

[0036] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compression and packing device for solid waste treatment, comprising a material bin, an extrusion plate (5) arranged in the material bin, and a first hydraulic rod (4) for driving the extrusion plate (5) to slide linearly, characterized in that: On the back of the extrusion plate (5), a number of sets of sleeves (13) arranged at equal intervals are fixedly connected. An air chamber (14) is provided inside the sleeve (13). One end of the sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with an inflation head (15). One end of a return spring (16) is fixedly connected inside the air chamber (14). The other end of the return spring (16) is fixedly connected with a slider (17) slidably sleeved in the air chamber (14). One end of the slider (17) away from the return spring (16) is fixedly connected with a puncture needle (18). The puncture needle (18) passes through a through hole opened on the extrusion plate (5). A melting device is arranged inside the puncture needle (18), and a blowing device is arranged inside the sleeve (13). The melting device includes two sets of power connection blocks (19) fixedly installed inside the through hole and a heating rod (20) fixedly installed inside the puncture needle (18). One end of the heating rod (20) is fixedly connected with two conductive blocks (21). The two conductive blocks (21) are installed on the surface of the puncture needle (18) and are adapted to the positions of the two power connection blocks (19). The blowing device includes two diversion pipes (22) opened in the wall thickness of the sleeve (13). One end of the diversion pipe (22) is communicated with the air chamber (14) on the side close to the inflation head (15). An electromagnetic valve (23) is arranged inside the diversion pipe (22). The other end of the diversion pipe (22) is connected with an annular chamber (24) arranged outside the through hole on the extrusion plate (5). A number of conical channels (25) evenly distributed in a circumferential direction are opened on the inner side of the annular chamber (24) facing the through hole. A sealing sleeve is arranged at one end of the inner wall of the through hole close to the sleeve (13). The conical channel (25) is in an inclined state, and the inner diameter thereof becomes smaller as it is closer to the inner wall of the through hole.

2. A compression and packaging device for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material bin includes a bottom plate (1). On both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), side plates (2) are fixedly connected. One end of the side plate (2) is fixedly connected with a back plate (3). A first hydraulic rod (4) is fixedly installed in the middle of the back plate (3). The extending end of the first hydraulic rod (4) is fixedly connected with an extrusion plate (5). A support seat (6) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the back plate (3). A second hydraulic rod (7) is rotatably sleeved on the upper part of the support seat (6). The extending end of the second hydraulic rod (7) is fixedly connected with an upper cover plate (8). One end of the upper cover plate (8) is rotatably sleeved on the upper parts of the two side plates (2). On both sides of the other end of the side plate (2), fixed seats (9) are fixedly connected. Sliding grooves (10) are opened inside the two fixed seats (9). Third hydraulic rods (11) are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the two fixed seats (9). The extending ends of the two third hydraulic rods (11) are fixedly connected with baffles (12) slidably connected with the sliding grooves (10).

3. A compression and packaging device for solid waste treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A through hole communicating with the outside air is opened on the side of the air chamber (14) away from the inflation head (15).

4. A compression and packaging device for solid waste treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The puncture needle (18) is made of steel material, and its front end is provided with a tip, and the whole is a smooth-surfaced cylinder.

5. A compression and packing device for solid waste treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: An insulating layer is provided between the power connection block (19) and the extrusion plate (5), and between the conductive block (21) and the puncture needle (18), respectively.

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