A winding mold for a composite shell with a profiled rubber layer and a method of use

Abstract

The application provides a winding mold for a composite shell with a special-shaped rubber layer and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber reinforced composite material forming. The mold solves the problem that a common mold does not reserve space for a rubber heat insulation layer of an extension part, it is difficult to prepare the shell through fiber forming, and the rubber heat insulation layer causes a negative angle to be formed in the mold, thereby causing the problem of demolding difficulty. The mold comprises a mandrel and a mold main body. The mold main body is a spliced structure, and comprises a first mold and a second mold. The first mold is provided with a concave splicing surface, and the second mold is provided with a convex splicing surface. When the first mold and the second mold are spliced and fixed, the inner regions of the concave splicing surface and the convex splicing surface are mutually attached to realize axial positioning, and the edges of the concave splicing surface and the convex splicing surface are mutually separated to form a gap extending in the direction of the mandrel and in a circumferential ring shape. The mold is mainly used for manufacturing a composite shell with a special-shaped rubber layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon fiber reinforced composite material molding technology, and in particular relates to a winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous development of my country's aerospace and deep-sea industries, the demand for lightweight and high-performance structural components is increasing. Compared with traditional metal materials, carbon fiber composites have advantages such as high specific strength, specific modulus and specific stiffness, fatigue resistance, strong designability and corrosion resistance. The application of carbon fiber reinforced composites using long fiber winding molding technology is becoming more and more widespread. In the design of carbon fiber wound shells with requirements for ablation resistance and gas storage, a rubber-molded heat insulation layer is set inside the fiber wound molding structural layer.

[0003] When the rubber insulation layer is not completely and tightly bonded to the carbon fiber structural layer, but is partially bonded to the structural layer and partially extended into the internal axis of the shell, conventional molds do not reserve space for the extended rubber insulation layer, making it difficult to prepare such shells by fiber molding. At the same time, the rubber insulation layer creates a negative angle inside the mold, making demolding difficult. Therefore, the mold structure needs to be redesigned and improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, to address the problems of conventional molds not reserving space for the extended rubber insulation layer, making it difficult to manufacture such shells through fiber molding, and the rubber insulation layer creating a negative angle inside the mold, leading to demolding difficulties, this invention proposes a winding mold for composite material shells with irregularly shaped rubber layers and a method of using it. The mold is designed as an axially assembled split structure, with concave and convex surfaces. After assembly, the internal areas of the concave and convex surfaces fit tightly together to achieve axial positioning, while the edges of the concave and convex surfaces separate to form a gap extending towards the mandrel to accommodate the rubber insulation layer. By designing the mold with convex surfaces as a split structure, smooth demolding is achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a winding mold with a composite material shell of irregular rubber layer, comprising a mandrel and a mold body, wherein the mold body is fixed on the mandrel and is a rotating structure, and the mold body is an assembly structure, comprising a first mold and a second mold, wherein the first mold has a concave assembly surface, and the second mold has a convex assembly surface, wherein when the first mold and the second mold are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface fit together to complete axial positioning, and the edges of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface separate from each other to form a circumferential annular gap extending towards the mandrel, wherein the second mold is a split structure assembled from multiple parts, and the multiple parts can be disassembled from the circular opening formed by the gap without interfering with the gap.

[0006] Furthermore, the gap includes an arc-shaped segment and a horizontal segment extending from the outside in.

[0007] Furthermore, the second mold is assembled from a barrel body, a positioning ring, and multiple segments. The sidewall of the barrel body is cylindrical, and an annular boss is provided at one end of the barrel body near the gap. The other end is a constricted opening. The outer diameter of the positioning ring is the same as the diameter of the annular boss, and the inner diameter is the same as the diameter of the sidewall of the barrel body. The positioning ring is fitted onto the sidewall of the barrel body and is axially fixed to the annular boss. The multiple segments fit together to form a cylindrical shape and are fitted onto the sidewall of the barrel body. They are axially fixed to the positioning ring and radially fixed to the sidewall of the barrel body. The outer surface of the segment near the positioning ring is arc-shaped, and the arc shape is the same as the contour shape of the inner side of the arc segment of the gap.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular boss is provided with multiple set screw holes along its axial direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner surface of the segment is provided with a magnetic positioning surface, and the barrel body is made of magnetic metal, with the segment and barrel body fixed by magnetic attraction.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning ring and the annular boss are axially fixed together by bolts, and the multiple segments are axially fixed together with the positioning ring by bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, the mandrel is provided with different shaft diameter sections for axial positioning.

[0012] A method for using a winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer.

[0013] S1: Mold installation: First, assemble and fix multiple parts on the mandrel to form the second mold. Then, put the pre-formed irregular rubber layer from the convex assembly surface of the second mold onto the second mold. Finally, insert the first mold onto the mandrel and assemble and fix it with the second mold to form the mold body, thus obtaining a winding mold with an irregular rubber layer composite material shell.

[0014] S2: Preparation of composite material shell with irregular rubber layer: The assembled winding mold is clamped onto the winding machine, the irregular rubber layer on the surface of the mold body is coated with adhesive, and the shell is prepared on the surface of the winding mold by using the ring winding method and the longitudinal winding method to obtain the composite material shell with irregular rubber layer;

[0015] S3: Demolding: Remove the first mold from the inside of the shell, and then remove the multiple parts of the second mold from the shell through the circular opening formed by the gap, thereby achieving shell demolding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the winding mold and its method for using a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer described in this invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention uses molds with concave and convex surface shapes to create a accommodating gap for a rubber insulation layer that does not adhere to the structural layer, which can be used to prepare composite material shells with irregularly shaped rubber layers.

[0018] 2. The present invention designs the second mold with a convex surface shape as a split structure, which makes the overall demolding of the mold more convenient and has a wider range of applications. When the shell shape produced is a special structure that gradually shrinks away from the gap direction, the gap and the shrinking structure form an internal space with negative angles on both sides, and the second mold cannot be demolded as a whole, it can still be successfully demolded.

[0019] 3. In this invention, the barrel body is fixed to the positioning ring, and the segments are fixed to the barrel body by the magnetic positioning surface of the positioning ring and the segments. The positioning ring is used to ensure the installation accuracy of the segments. The segments and the barrel body are mechanically connected only on one side at the positioning ring, which can reduce the demolding difficulty and reduce the processing cost. The positioning ring can also balance the pressure of the barrel body after demolding and prevent the segments from shifting due to individual force.

[0020] 4. In view of the fact that the positioning ring is located between the barrel body and the segments during the demolding process, there is no force surface and the barrel body cannot be directly removed, the present invention provides a set screw hole in the barrel body. The bolt is screwed into the set screw hole to press against the surface of the positioning ring to achieve the demolding of the barrel body. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mold of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the second mold of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the barrel body described in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented structure described in this invention;

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Mandrel; 2-Mold body; 3-Gap; 21-First mold; 22-Second mold; 23-Barrel body; 24-Positioning ring; 25-Parts; 26-Annular boss; 27-Ejector screw hole; 28-Magnetic positioning surface. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0031] I. Detailed Implementation Method 1, see [link / reference] Figure 1-7 This embodiment describes a winding mold with a composite material shell featuring an irregularly shaped rubber layer, comprising a mandrel 1 and a mold body 2. The mold body 2 is fixed to the mandrel 1 and is a rotating structure. The mold body 2 is an assembly structure, comprising a first mold 21 and a second mold 22. The first mold 21 has a concave assembly surface, and the second mold 22 has a convex assembly surface. When the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave and convex assembly surfaces fit together to complete axial positioning. The edges of the concave and convex assembly surfaces separate from each other, forming a circumferential annular gap 3 extending towards the mandrel 1. The second mold 22 is a split structure assembled from multiple components, each of which can be detached from the circular opening formed by the gap 3 without interfering with the gap 3.

[0032] This invention employs a concave-convex fit design on the surfaces of two molds, ensuring that both surfaces include a central positioning surface and an edge forming surface. The positioning surface provides axial positioning between the molds, while the edge forming surfaces combine to create a gap to accommodate the irregularly shaped rubber layer. This design not only simplifies the mold manufacturing process but also guarantees the uniformity of the gap formation. The shape and width of the gap can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the curvature of the concave and convex surfaces to adapt to different working conditions. In use, the pre-formed irregularly shaped rubber layer is first fitted onto the convex surface, and then the concave surface is used for fastening, allowing the rubber layer extending into the axial direction of the shell to smoothly enter the reserved gap space. The second mold 22 is designed as a split structure, suitable for preparing shells with shrinkage structures that prevent demolding from one side. Demolding can be achieved from the other side of the shell through the gap, broadening the applicability of the winding tool.

[0033] The gap 3 described in this application includes an arc-shaped segment and a horizontal segment extending from the outside in.

[0034] The second mold 22 of this application is assembled from a barrel body 23, a positioning ring 24, and multiple segments 25. The side wall of the barrel body 23 is cylindrical. One end of the barrel body 23 near the gap 3 is provided with an annular boss 26, and the other end is a constricted opening. The outer diameter of the positioning ring 24 is the same as the diameter of the annular boss 26. The positioning ring 24 is sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body 23 and is axially fixed to the annular boss 26. The multiple segments 25 fit together to form a cylindrical shape. They are sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body 23 and are axially fixed to the positioning ring 24 and radially fixed to the side wall of the barrel body 23. The outer surface of the segment 25 near the positioning ring 24 is arc-shaped. The arc shape is the same as the outline shape of the inner side of the arc segment of the gap 3.

[0035] The present invention uses the concave assembly surface of the first mold 21, the annular boss 26, the positioning ring 24, and the arc-shaped bottom of the side wall of the segment 25 to form the outline of the gap 3. The annular boss 26 and the positioning ring 24 are used to form the horizontal segment, and the bottom of the side wall of the segment 25 is used to form the arc-shaped segment. The annular boss 26 and the positioning ring 24 in the horizontal segment structure can be directly demolded axially and horizontally. After the internal supporting barrel 23 of the multiple segments 25 is removed along with the annular boss 26, the shell will generate space to meet the demolding requirements of the segments 25, and then the multiple segments 25 can be removed.

[0036] The annular boss 26 described in this application is provided with multiple set screw holes 27 axially. After removing the first mold 21, when demolding the barrel body 23, because the positioning ring 24 is located inside and surrounded by the annular boss 26 and the segments 25, it has no force-bearing surface and cannot directly apply a force to push the barrel body 23 outward. Therefore, set screw holes 27 are pre-set on the annular boss 26 at the bottom of the barrel body 23, and bolts are screwed in from them to abut against the surface of the positioning ring 24, generating an axial thrust on the barrel body 23 to successfully remove it.

[0037] The inner surface of the segment 25 described in this application is provided with a magnetic positioning surface 28, and the barrel body 23 is made of magnetic metal. The segment 25 and the barrel body 23 are fixed together by magnetic attraction. Magnetic positioning provides high repeatability and is suitable for molds that require frequent disassembly and assembly. It eliminates the need for mechanical fastening, making installation quick and easy.

[0038] The positioning ring 24 and the annular boss 26 described in this application are axially fixed by bolts, and the multiple segments 25 are axially fixed to the positioning ring 24 by bolts. During demolding, first remove the bolts between the positioning ring 24 and the annular boss 26 to separate the barrel body 23 from the positioning ring 24 and the multiple segments 25, then remove the bolts between the positioning ring 24 and the multiple segments 25 to separate and demold the positioning ring 24 and the multiple segments 25.

[0039] The mandrel 1 described in this application is provided with different shaft diameter sections for axial positioning and axial fixation of the mold.

[0040] This embodiment describes the method of using the aforementioned winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer, specifically as follows:

[0041] S1: First, assemble and fix multiple parts on the mandrel 1 to form the second mold 22. Then, put the pre-formed irregular rubber layer from the convex assembly surface of the second mold 22 onto the second mold 22. Finally, insert the first mold 21 into the mandrel 1 and assemble and fix it with the second mold 22 to form the mold body 2, thus obtaining a winding mold with an irregular rubber layer composite material shell.

[0042] S2: Preparation of composite material shell with irregular rubber layer: The assembled winding mold is clamped onto the winding machine, the irregular rubber layer on the surface of the mold body 2 is coated with adhesive, and the shell is prepared on the surface of the winding mold by using the ring winding method and the longitudinal winding method to obtain the composite material shell with irregular rubber layer;

[0043] S3: Demolding: Remove the first mold 21 from the inside of the shell, and then remove the multiple parts of the second mold 22 from the shell through the circular opening formed by the gap 3, thereby achieving shell demolding.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer, characterized in that: The mold includes a mandrel (1) and a mold body (2). The mold body (2) is fixed on the mandrel (1) and is a rotating structure. The mold body (2) is an assembly structure, which includes a first mold (21) and a second mold (22). The first mold (21) has a concave assembly surface, and the second mold (22) has a convex assembly surface. When the first mold (21) and the second mold (22) are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface fit together to complete the axial positioning. The edges of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface separate from each other to form a circumferential annular gap (3) extending towards the mandrel (1). The second mold (22) is a split structure assembled from multiple parts. The multiple parts can be removed from the circular opening formed by the gap (3) without interfering with the gap (3).

2. The winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap (3) includes an arc-shaped segment and a horizontal segment extending from the outside in.

3. The winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second mold (22) is assembled from a barrel body (23), a positioning ring (24) and multiple segments (25). The side wall of the barrel body (23) is cylindrical. The barrel body (23) has an annular boss (26) at one end near the gap (3) and a constricted opening at the other end. The outer diameter of the positioning ring (24) is the same as the diameter of the annular boss (26), and the inner diameter is the same as the diameter of the side wall of the barrel body (23). The positioning ring (24) is fitted on the side wall of the barrel body (23) and is axially fixed to the annular boss (26). The multiple segments (25) fit together to form a cylindrical shape and are fitted on the side wall of the barrel body (23). They are axially fixed to the positioning ring (24) and radially fixed to the side wall of the barrel body (23). The outer surface of the segment (25) near the positioning ring (24) is arc-shaped. The arc shape is the same as the outline shape of the inner side of the arc segment of the gap (3).

4. The winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular boss (26) is provided with multiple set screw holes (27) axially.

5. A winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the segment (25) is provided with a magnetic positioning surface (28), and the barrel body (23) is made of magnetic metal. The segment (25) and the barrel body (23) are fixed by magnetic attraction.

6. A winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning ring (24) and the annular boss (26) are axially fixed by bolts, and the multiple segments (25) are axially fixed to the positioning ring (24) by bolts.

7. A winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandrel (1) is provided with different shaft diameter sections for axial positioning.

8. A method of using a winding mold for a composite material shell with an irregularly shaped rubber layer as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: S1: Install the mold: First, assemble and fix multiple parts on the mandrel (1) to form the second mold (22), then put the pre-formed irregular rubber layer from the convex assembly surface of the second mold (22) onto the second mold (22), and finally insert the first mold (21) into the mandrel (1) and assemble and fix it with the second mold (22) to form the mold body (2), thus obtaining a winding mold with an irregular rubber layer composite material shell; S2: Preparation of composite material shell with irregular rubber layer: The assembled winding mold is clamped onto the winding machine, the irregular rubber layer on the surface of the mold body (2) is coated with adhesive, and the shell is prepared on the surface of the winding mold by using the ring winding method and the longitudinal winding method to obtain the composite material shell with irregular rubber layer; S3: Demolding: Remove the first mold (21) from the inside of the shell, and then remove the multiple parts of the second mold (22) and the mandrel (1) from the shell through the circular opening formed by the gap (3) to achieve shell demolding.

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