Emergency floating motion speed reduction equipment special for deep sea platform and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to emergency floating motion speed reduction equipment special for a deep sea platform and an operation method, the emergency floating motion speed reduction equipment special for the deep sea platform comprises a main water ballast tank, a control valve group is installed in an upper-layer building space of the main water ballast tank, the control valve group comprises a first control valve, a second control valve and a third control valve which are the same in specification and connected in parallel, and the first control valve is directly communicated with the seawater environment; the second control valve is connected with a cabin door opening and closing mechanism through a pipeline, the cabin door opening and closing mechanism is connected with the parachute cabin and controls opening and closing work of the parachute cabin, a drag parachute is installed in the parachute cabin, and a folding and unfolding mechanism for controlling work of the drag parachute is installed on the top face of the parachute cabin. The third control valve is connected with the folding and unfolding mechanism through a pipeline, the control valve set is used for relieving the air pressure of the main water ballast space, the second control valve controls opening and closing work of the parachute bay in the rapid floating process, and the third control valve controls folding and unfolding work of the drag parachute in the rapid floating process. The emergency floating movement speed of the deep sea platform can be quickly and effectively reduced, so that the adjustment of the platform posture and the floating speed is more flexible and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea floating control equipment, in particular to emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep sea platforms and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A deep-sea platform refers to a manned experimental platform that is stationed or moved for a long time on the seabed for scientific research. The working environment of a deep-sea platform is relatively complex. It may encounter internal waves, sea cliffs and other situations where buoyancy is lost or lost underwater. When such an accident occurs, the usual and effective operation is to use high-pressure air to blow out the ballast water in the main ballast tank and quickly float the platform to the surface in a safe state. When performing emergency floating operations, if the operation is not careful, the deep-sea platform will jump out of the water with a large longitudinal and transverse inclination angle and a high floating speed, and then hit the water for the second time, which will be very dangerous.

[0003] In order to control the emergency buoyancy speed of the deep-sea platform, the air pressure of some main ballast tanks is appropriately released during the buoyancy process to adjust the platform's attitude and buoyancy speed. However, the deep-sea platform is a system with large inertia and hysteresis. The information such as the platform's longitudinal and transverse attitude and movement speed is transmitted to the centralized control center. It takes time for the operators in the centralized control center to make judgments and send control commands. In addition, the actuator (vent valve) for depressurizing the main ballast tank also has a delay in responding to the control command. Therefore, the overall adjustment of the platform's emergency buoyancy is delayed, which is not conducive to the safe buoyancy of the platform.

[0004] In order to reduce the adverse effects of the traditional single control method on the lag in speed control of the emergency ascent movement of the deep-sea platform and the lack of backup, the applicant proposes a deep-sea platform emergency ascent movement deceleration equipment and a method of using the same. The deceleration equipment is used in conjunction with the traditional speed control method for releasing the air pressure in the main ballast water tank, which can more flexibly and quickly realize the deep-sea platform attitude adjustment and ascent movement speed control. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings in the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides an emergency floating movement deceleration equipment and operation method specially used for deep-sea platforms, which can quickly and effectively slow down the emergency floating movement speed of the deep-sea platform, making the adjustment of the platform posture and floating speed more flexible and efficient.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An emergency buoyancy deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms comprises a main ballast water tank, wherein a control valve group is installed in the superstructure space of the main ballast water tank, and the control valve group comprises a No. 1 control valve, a No. 2 control valve and a No. 3 control valve of the same specification and connected in parallel, wherein the No. 1 control valve is directly connected to the seawater environment, the No. 2 control valve is connected to a hatch opening and closing mechanism through a pipeline, the hatch opening and closing mechanism is connected to a parachute compartment and controls the opening and closing of the parachute compartment, a drag parachute is installed inside the parachute compartment, and a retracting and extending mechanism for controlling the operation of the drag parachute is installed on the top surface of the parachute compartment; the No. 3 control valve is connected to the retracting and extending mechanism through a pipeline, and the control valve group is used to release the air pressure in the main ballast water tank, the No. 2 control valve controls the opening and closing of the parachute compartment during rapid buoyancy, and the No. 3 control valve controls the retracting and extending of the drag parachute during rapid buoyancy.

[0008] Its further technical solution is:

[0009] The hatch opening and closing mechanism, parachute compartment, drag parachute and retraction and deployment mechanism are all installed in the bottom space of the deep-sea platform.

[0010] The installation structure of the hatch opening and closing mechanism is as follows: it includes a first cylinder, a first piston body is installed inside the first cylinder, the first piston body divides the inside of the first cylinder into a first air chamber and a first spring chamber, a first piston rod is installed in the first air chamber, and the first piston rod is connected to the parachute cabin after extending out of the first cylinder; a first installation sleeve is installed inside the first spring chamber, and the first spring body is installed on the first installation sleeve; the first air chamber is connected to the No. 2 control valve through a pipeline.

[0011] A limit stop ring is installed in the first air cavity to limit the moving position of the first piston body.

[0012] A first proximity switch is installed in the first spring chamber.

[0013] The parachute cabin is composed of a hemispherical cabin wall and a disc-shaped cabin door, and a through hole is arranged at the center of the cabin wall.

[0014] The structure of the drag parachute is as follows: it includes an umbrella handle, an umbrella canopy and a plurality of umbrella ropes, one end of the umbrella handle is fixed to the retracting and releasing mechanism, the other end of the umbrella handle is a stepped structure, one end of the umbrella rope is fixed to the umbrella canopy, and the other end of the umbrella rope is fixed to the end of the umbrella handle, and the umbrella canopy is tightened after being tightened to maintain its expanded and opened shape;

[0015] The structure of the retracting and extending mechanism is as follows: it includes a second cylinder fixed on the upper part of the bulkhead, a second piston body is installed in the second cylinder, the second piston body divides the interior of the second cylinder into a second air chamber and a second spring chamber, a second mounting sleeve is arranged inside the second spring chamber, a second spring body is installed on the second mounting sleeve, the second piston body is connected to the umbrella handle, and a second proximity switch is also installed in the second cylinder.

[0016] The umbrella handle is made of corrosion-resistant duplex stainless steel, the umbrella rope is made of a high-strength and high-elasticity rubber material, and the umbrella canopy is made of a high-pressure-resistant, high-strength and high-elasticity rubber material.

[0017] The control valve group is supported and installed by a support frame.

[0018] An operating method of emergency floating motion deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms includes the following processes:

[0019] Initial state of deceleration equipment:

[0020] The No. 1 control valve, the No. 2 control valve and the No. 3 control valve are all in the closed state; the first spring body of the hatch door opening and closing mechanism is in the freely extended state, and the first piston body works in the right position under the action of the limited stop ring; the hatch door is in the closed state; the second spring body of the retracting and releasing mechanism is in the extended state; the umbrella handle is in the retracted state, the umbrella canopy is folded, the umbrella rope is loose, and the umbrella canopy and the umbrella rope are completely inside the umbrella cabin;

[0021] Speed ​​reduction equipment activation status:

[0022] In the event of an accident, the emergency buoyancy control is activated. When the emergency buoyancy speed is detected to be too fast, the No. 1 control valve is opened and the main ballast tank air pressure relief method is used to release the air pressure. If the buoyancy speed still deviates from the control value, the emergency buoyancy deceleration equipment is activated.

[0023] First, open the No. 2 control valve, and the compressed air in the main ballast water tank enters the first air chamber, overcomes the elastic force of the first spring body, pushes the first piston body and drives the first piston rod to move left, thereby opening the hatch. When the first proximity switch detects that the first piston has moved into place, it sends a closing signal to the No. 2 control valve, and the No. 2 control valve is closed. The pressure in the first air chamber remains in a high pressure state, the first piston body works in the left position, and the hatch is in a fully open state.

[0024] Then open the No. 3 control valve, and the compressed air in the main ballast water tank enters the second air chamber, overcomes the elastic force of the second spring body, pushes the second piston body and drives the umbrella handle to extend forward. At the same time, the compressed air entering the second air chamber enters the inside of the umbrella canopy through the through hole of the second piston body and the center hole of the umbrella handle. When the umbrella handle is extended forward to the right position, the umbrella canopy is also in a fully expanded state, providing deceleration resistance for the upward movement; at this time, the second proximity switch senses that the second piston body has moved to the right position, the No. 3 control valve is closed, and the pressure in the second air chamber remains in a high pressure state;

[0025] Deceleration equipment closed state:

[0026] When the emergency floating movement speed returns to normal, the emergency floating movement deceleration equipment can be turned off, and its action is opposite to the enabled state.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure, is easy to operate, has reliable performance, does not require an additional air source, uses the air pressure of the main ballast tank as the source power for opening and closing the hatch, retracting and releasing the umbrella handle, and inflating the umbrella canopy, and completes the coordinated action of each module of the deceleration equipment through the sequential opening and closing of each control valve, so as to achieve emergency floating deceleration of the deep-sea platform. The present invention innovatively uses the drag parachute as the resistance providing element of the deceleration equipment, and uses high-pressure-resistant, high-strength and high-elasticity rubber as the umbrella canopy manufacturing material, which has the advantages of light weight, large resistance, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0029] The present invention is used in conjunction with the conventional speed control method for releasing the air pressure in the main ballast tank, which can realize the floating movement speed control more flexibly and rapidly, eliminating the adverse effects of the conventional single control method on the emergency floating movement speed control lag and lack of backup on the deep-sea platform. Placing the mechanism at different positions on the deep-sea platform can also realize the adjustment of the deep-sea platform's emergency floating longitudinal and transverse inclination posture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (showing the arrangement position of the deceleration equipment on the deep-sea platform).

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Partial view of (a).

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Partial view of (b).

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the deceleration equipment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a front view of the deceleration equipment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a bottom view of the deceleration equipment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view along section AA (door open).

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along section AA (with the drag parachute opened).

[0038] Among them: 1. Main ballast water tank;

[0039] 201, control valve No. 1; 202, control valve No. 2; 203, control valve No. 3;

[0040] 3. Hatch door opening and closing mechanism;

[0041] 301, first piston rod; 302, limit stop ring; 303, first air cavity; 304, first piston body; 305, first cylinder; 306, first spring body; 307, first spring cavity; 308, first mounting sleeve; 309, first proximity switch;

[0042] 4. Parachute compartment; 401. Bulkhead; 402. Cabin door;

[0043] 5. drag parachute; 501. parachute handle; 502. parachute rope; 503. parachute canopy;

[0044] 6. Retractable and retractable mechanism;

[0045] 601, second cylinder; 602, second air chamber; 603, second piston body; 604, second mounting sleeve; 605, second spring body; 606, second spring chamber; 607, second proximity switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the deceleration equipment of this embodiment is specially used for emergency surfacing in a deep-sea platform, including a main ballast water tank 1, a control valve group is installed in the superstructure space of the main ballast water tank 1, and the control valve group includes a No. 1 control valve 201, a No. 2 control valve 202 and a No. 3 control valve 203 of the same specifications and connected in parallel, the No. 1 control valve 201 is directly connected to the seawater environment, the No. 2 control valve 202 is connected to the hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 through a pipeline, the hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 is connected to the parachute compartment 4, and controls the opening and closing of the parachute compartment 4, a drag parachute 5 is installed inside the parachute compartment 4, and a retracting and releasing mechanism 6 for controlling the operation of the drag parachute 5 is installed on the top surface of the parachute compartment 4; the No. 3 control valve 203 is connected to the retracting and releasing mechanism 6 through a pipeline, and the control valve group is used to release the air pressure of the main ballast water tank 1, the No. 2 control valve 202 controls the opening and closing of the parachute compartment 4 during rapid surfacing, and the No. 3 control valve 203 controls the retracting and releasing of the drag parachute 5 during rapid surfacing.

[0048] The hatch opening and closing mechanism 3, the parachute compartment 4, the drag parachute 5 and the retracting and releasing mechanism 6 are all installed in the bottom space of the deep-sea platform.

[0049] The installation structure of the hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 is as follows: it includes a first cylinder 305, a first piston body 304 is installed inside the first cylinder 305, the first piston body 304 divides the inside of the first cylinder 305 into a first air chamber 303 and a first spring chamber 307, a first piston rod 301 is installed in the first air chamber 303, and the first piston rod 301 is connected to the parachute cabin 4 after extending out of the first cylinder 305; a first installation sleeve 308 is installed inside the first spring chamber 307, and a first spring body 306 is installed on the first installation sleeve 308; the first air chamber 303 is connected to the No. 2 control valve 202 through a pipeline.

[0050] A limit stop ring 302 is installed in the first air cavity 303 to limit the moving position of the first piston body 304 .

[0051] A first proximity switch 309 is installed in the first spring chamber 307 .

[0052] The parachute cabin 4 is composed of a hemispherical cabin wall 401 and a disc-shaped cabin door 402 , and a through hole is opened at the center of the cabin wall 401 .

[0053] The structure of the drag parachute 5 is as follows: it includes an umbrella handle 501, an umbrella canopy 503 and a plurality of umbrella ropes 502. One end of the umbrella handle 501 is fixed to the retracting and releasing mechanism 6, and the other end of the umbrella handle 501 is a stepped structure. One end of the umbrella rope 502 is fixed to the umbrella canopy 503, and the other end of the umbrella rope 502 is fixed to the end of the umbrella handle 501. After being tightened, the umbrella canopy 503 is tightened to maintain its expanded and opened shape.

[0054] The structure of the retracting and extending mechanism 6 is as follows: it includes a second cylinder 601 fixed on the upper part of the bulkhead 401, a second piston body 603 is installed in the second cylinder 601, the second piston body 603 divides the inside of the second cylinder 601 into a second air chamber 602 and a second spring chamber 606, a second mounting sleeve 604 is arranged inside the second spring chamber 606, a second spring body 605 is installed on the second mounting sleeve 604, the second piston body 603 is connected to the umbrella handle 501, and a second proximity switch 607 is also installed in the second cylinder 601.

[0055] The umbrella handle 501 is made of corrosion-resistant duplex stainless steel, the umbrella rope 502 is made of a high-strength and high-elasticity rubber material, and the umbrella canopy 503 is made of a high-pressure-resistant, high-strength and high-elasticity rubber material.

[0056] The control valve group is installed by supporting the support frame.

[0057] The specific structure and function of the emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms described in the present invention are as follows:

[0058] It mainly includes a control valve group, a door opening and closing mechanism 3, a parachute compartment 4, a drag parachute 5, a retracting and releasing mechanism 6, etc.

[0059] Among them, the control valve group is installed in the upper building space of the deep-sea platform and consists of three control valves of the same specifications.

[0060] The three control valves are all connected to the ventilation pipeline of the main ballast water tank 1. Control valve No. 1 201, control valve No. 2 202 and control valve No. 3 203 are in parallel relationship. The other end of control valve No. 1 201 is directly connected to the seawater environment, the other end of control valve No. 2 202 is connected to the hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 through a pipeline, and the other end of control valve No. 3 203 is connected to the retracting and releasing mechanism 6 through a pipeline.

[0061] All three control valves can be used to release the air pressure in the main ballast water tank 1. At the same time, the No. 2 control valve 202 can also control the opening and closing of the hatch 402 of the parachute compartment 4 during rapid surfacing, and the No. 3 control valve 203 can also control the retraction and deployment of the drag parachute 5 during rapid surfacing.

[0062] The hatch opening and closing mechanism 3, the parachute compartment 4, the drag parachute 5, and the retracting and releasing mechanism 6 are all installed in the bottom space of the deep-sea platform.

[0063] The hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 controls the opening and closing of the hatch 402 of the parachute cabin 4 to perform work.

[0064] One end of the hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 is connected to the No. 2 control valve 202 through a pipeline, and the gas drawn out from the No. 2 control valve 202 enters the first air chamber 303; the other end is fixedly connected to the hatch 402 through the first piston rod 301.

[0065] The hatch opening and closing mechanism 3 mainly includes a first cylinder 305 , a first spring body 306 , a first mounting sleeve 308 , a first proximity switch 309 , a limit stop ring 302 , a first piston body 304 , and a first piston rod 301 .

[0066] The first spring body 306 is embedded and installed on the first mounting sleeve 308. One end of the first mounting sleeve 308 is fixedly connected to the cylinder wall, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first piston body 304. The first piston body 304 is fixedly connected to the first piston rod 301. The movement of the first piston body 304 drives the first piston rod 301 to control the opening and closing of the hatch 402. In addition, a limited stop ring 302 is installed in the first air chamber 303 to limit the movement position of the first piston body 304, so that the hatch 402 remains in a closed state; a first proximity switch 309 is installed in the first spring chamber 307. When the hatch 402 is in a fully open state, the proximity switch senses the movement position of the first piston body 304, sends a closing signal to the second control valve 202, and disconnects the gas supply of the first air chamber 303, so that the hatch 402 remains in a fully open state.

[0067] The parachute compartment 4 is the compartment where the drag parachute 5 is located, and is composed of a hemispherical bulkhead 401 and a disc-shaped cabin door 402. A through hole is provided at the center of the bulkhead 401, and the umbrella handle 501 is controlled by the retracting and releasing mechanism 6 to make a linear reciprocating motion in the through hole.

[0068] The drag parachute 5 is composed of an umbrella handle 501 , an umbrella canopy 503 , and a plurality of umbrella ropes 502 .

[0069] The umbrella handle 501 is made of corrosion-resistant duplex stainless steel, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second piston body 603 of the retracting and releasing mechanism 6, and the other end of which is a stepped structure, and the umbrella canopy 503 is sleeved on the structure.

[0070] The canopy 503 is made of a rubber material with high pressure resistance, high strength and high elasticity. It takes on an "umbrella" shape after being inflated, and is in direct contact with the seawater, serving as a resistance-providing element for the floating deceleration equipment.

[0071] The parachute rope 502 is made of a high-strength and high-elastic rubber material, one end of which is fixed to the canopy 503, and the other end is fixed to the end of the umbrella handle 501. After being tightened, the canopy 503 is pulled tight to maintain its expanded and opened shape. The drag parachute 5 has two states: opened and recovered.

[0072] When in the recovery state, the handle 501 of the drag parachute 5 is retracted, the canopy 503 is folded, and the parachute ropes 502 are relaxed, so that the canopy 503 and the parachute ropes 502 are completely inside the parachute cabin 4.

[0073] When in the open state, the umbrella handle 501 extends forward, the umbrella canopy 503 expands, and the umbrella rope 502 is tightened. The umbrella handle 501 extends forward to the outside of the umbrella cabin 4, and the umbrella canopy 503 and the umbrella rope 502 are also located outside the umbrella cabin 4.

[0074] The retractable mechanism 6 is an actuator for controlling the retractable parachute 5. One end of the retractable mechanism 6 is connected to the third control valve 203 through a pipeline, and the gas drawn from the third control valve 203 enters the second air chamber 602; the other end of the retractable mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the umbrella handle 501 through the second piston body 603.

[0075] The retracting and releasing mechanism 6 mainly includes a second cylinder 601, a second spring body 605, a second mounting sleeve 604, a second piston body 603 and a second proximity switch 607. The second spring body 605 is embedded and mounted on the second mounting sleeve 604. One end of the second mounting sleeve 604 is fixedly connected to the cylinder wall, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second piston body 603. The second piston body 603 and the umbrella handle 501 are concentric hollow structures. The compressed air introduced into the second air cavity 602 overcomes the elastic force of the second spring body 605 to push the second piston and the umbrella handle 501 forward, and enters the inside of the umbrella canopy 503 through the second piston through hole and the center hole of the umbrella handle 501, overcomes the external seawater pressure and inflates the umbrella canopy 503. A second proximity switch 607 is installed in the second spring chamber 606. When the umbrella handle 501 is extended forward to the full position, the second proximity switch 607 senses that the second piston body 603 has moved to the full position, and sends a closing signal to the third control valve 203 to cut off the gas supply of the second air chamber 602, so that the umbrella handle 501 of the drag parachute 5 remains extended forward to the full position.

[0076] In actual work process:

[0077] (I) Initial state of deceleration equipment:

[0078] Control valve No. 1 201, control valve No. 2 202 and control valve No. 3 203 are in the closed state; the first spring body 306 of the door opening and closing mechanism 3 is in a freely extended state, and the first piston body 304 works in the right position due to the action of the limiting retaining ring 302; the door 402 is in the closed state; the second spring body 605 of the retracting and releasing mechanism 6 is in an extended state (ignoring the weight of the second piston); the umbrella handle 501 is in a retracted state, the umbrella canopy 503 is folded, and the umbrella rope 502 is loose, and the umbrella canopy 503 and the umbrella rope 502 are completely inside the umbrella cabin 4.

[0079] (ii) Deceleration equipment activation status: Emergency buoyancy control is activated under accident conditions. When the emergency buoyancy speed (V) is detected to be too fast, first open the No. 1 control valve 201 and use the traditional main ballast water tank 1 air pressure release method to perform the air pressure release operation. If the buoyancy speed (V) still deviates from the control value, the emergency buoyancy movement deceleration equipment is activated. At this time, the cylinder air chamber pressure = main ballast water tank 1 air pressure > external seawater pressure.

[0080] First, open the No. 2 control valve 202, and the compressed air in the main ballast water tank 1 enters the first air chamber 303 through the B port, overcomes the elastic force of the first spring, pushes the first piston and drives the first piston rod 301 to move left, thereby opening the hatch 402. When the first proximity switch 309 monitors that the first piston body 304 has moved into place, a closing signal is sent to the No. 2 control valve 202, and the No. 2 control valve 202 is closed. The pressure in the first air chamber 303 remains in a high pressure state, the first piston body 304 works in the left position, and the hatch 402 is in a fully open state.

[0081] Then open the No. 3 control valve 203, and the compressed air in the main ballast water tank 1 enters the second air cavity 602 through the C port, overcomes the elastic force of the second spring body 605, pushes the second piston body 603 and drives the umbrella handle 501 to extend forward. At the same time, the compressed air entering the second air cavity 602 enters the inside of the umbrella canopy 503 through the second piston through hole and the center hole of the umbrella handle 501. Since the compressed air pressure inside the main ballast water tank 1 is always greater than the external seawater pressure, the compressed air entering the umbrella canopy 503 from the main ballast water tank 1 is sufficient to overcome the external seawater pressure to inflate the umbrella canopy 503. When the umbrella handle 501 is extended to the right position, the umbrella canopy 503 is also in a fully expanded state, providing a deceleration resistance (Fd) for the floating movement. At this time, the second proximity switch 607 senses the position of the second piston movement, the No. 3 control valve 203 is closed, and the pressure in the second air cavity 602 remains in a high pressure state.

[0082] (III) Deceleration equipment off state:

[0083] When the emergency buoyancy speed (V) returns to normal, the emergency buoyancy deceleration equipment is turned off. Since the deep-sea platform has already floated a certain distance, the air pressure in the main ballast tank 1 is less than the air pressure in the main ballast tank 1 when the deceleration equipment is activated, and the air pressure in the cylinder is still equal to the air pressure in the main ballast tank 1 when the deceleration equipment is activated, so the air pressure in the cylinder is greater than the air pressure in the main ballast tank 1 and the external seawater pressure.

[0084] First, open control valve No. 3 203. At this time, the pressure in the second air cavity 602 is greater than the air pressure in the main ballast water tank 1 and the pressure of the external seawater. The air pressure in the second air cavity 602 and the umbrella cavity of the canopy 503 is released to the external seawater environment through control valve No. 3 203 and control valve No. 1 201. The second spring body 605 gradually recovers its extended state, the canopy 503 recovers its deflated and folded state, the parachute rope 502 relaxes, the umbrella handle 501 retracts, the drag parachute 5 is completely inside the parachute compartment 4, and the second proximity switch 607 senses that the second piston body 603 has moved into position, and closes control valve No. 3 203.

[0085] Then open the No. 2 control valve 202. At this time, the pressure of the first air chamber 303 is greater than the air pressure of the main ballast water tank 1 and the pressure of the external seawater. The air pressure of the first air chamber 303 is released to the external seawater environment through the No. 2 control valve 202 and the No. 1 control valve 201. The first spring gradually recovers the free extension state, driving the first piston body 304 and the first piston rod 301 to move right. When the first piston body 304 contacts the limit stop ring 302, the hatch 402 is completely closed, and the first proximity switch 309 senses that the first piston body 304 has moved to the right position, closing the No. 2 control valve 202 and the No. 1 control valve 201.

[0086] The present invention innovatively uses the drag parachute 5 as the resistance providing element of the deceleration equipment, and uses rubber with high pressure resistance, high strength and high elasticity as the material for making the canopy 503. It has the advantages of light weight, high resistance and strong environmental adaptability.

[0087] By placing the mechanism at different positions on the deep-sea platform, the longitudinal and lateral tilting postures of the deep-sea platform can also be adjusted for emergency surfacing.

[0088] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms, characterized by: The invention comprises a main ballast water tank (1), wherein a control valve group is installed in the superstructure space of the main ballast water tank (1), wherein the control valve group comprises a No. 1 control valve (201), a No. 2 control valve (202) and a No. 3 control valve (203) of the same specification and connected in parallel, wherein the No. 1 control valve (201) is directly connected to the seawater environment, the No. 2 control valve (202) is connected to a hatch opening and closing mechanism (3) through a pipeline, the hatch opening and closing mechanism (3) is connected to a parachute cabin (4) and controls the opening and closing of the parachute cabin (4). The parachute compartment (4) is provided with a drag parachute (5) inside, and a retracting and extending mechanism (6) for controlling the operation of the drag parachute (5) is installed on the top surface of the parachute compartment (4); a No. 3 control valve (203) is connected to the retracting and extending mechanism (6) through a pipeline, and the control valve group is used to release the air pressure of the main ballast water tank (1); the No. 2 control valve (202) controls the opening and closing operation of the parachute compartment (4) during the rapid buoyancy process, and the No. 3 control valve (203) controls the retracting and extending operation of the drag parachute (5) during the rapid buoyancy process.

2. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hatch door opening and closing mechanism (3), the parachute compartment (4), the drag parachute (5) and the retracting and releasing mechanism (6) are all installed in the bottom space of the deep-sea platform.

3. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The installation structure of the hatch opening and closing mechanism (3) is as follows: it comprises a first cylinder (305), a first piston body (304) is installed in the first cylinder (305), the first piston body (304) divides the inside of the first cylinder (305) into a first air chamber (303) and a first spring chamber (307), a first piston rod (301) is installed in the first air chamber (303), and the first piston rod (301) is connected to the parachute cabin (4) after extending out of the first cylinder (305); a first installation sleeve (308) is installed in the first spring chamber (307), and a first spring body (306) is installed on the first installation sleeve (308); the first air chamber (303) is connected to the second control valve (202) through a pipeline.

4. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A limit stop ring (302) is installed in the first air cavity (303) to limit the moving position of the first piston body (304).

5. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A first proximity switch (309) is installed in the first spring chamber (307).

6. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment and operation method specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The parachute cabin (4) is composed of a hemispherical cabin wall (401) and a disc-shaped cabin door (402), and a through hole is provided at the center of the cabin wall (401).

7. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The structure of the drag parachute (5) is as follows: it comprises an umbrella handle (501), an umbrella canopy (503) and a plurality of umbrella ropes (502); one end of the umbrella handle (501) is fixed to the retracting and releasing mechanism (6); the other end of the umbrella handle (501) is a stepped structure; one end of the umbrella rope (502) is fixedly connected to the umbrella canopy (503); the other end of the umbrella rope (502) is fixedly connected to the end of the umbrella handle (501); after being tightened, the umbrella canopy (503) is tightened to maintain its expanded and opened shape; The structure of the retracting and releasing mechanism (6) is as follows: it comprises a second cylinder (601) fixed on the upper part of the bulkhead (401), a second piston body (603) is installed in the second cylinder (601), the second piston body (603) divides the interior of the second cylinder (601) into a second air chamber (602) and a second spring chamber (606), a second mounting sleeve (604) is arranged inside the second spring chamber (606), a second spring body (605) is installed on the second mounting sleeve (604), the second piston body (603) is connected to the umbrella handle (501), and a second proximity switch (607) is also installed in the second cylinder (601).

8. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The umbrella handle (501) is made of corrosion-resistant duplex stainless steel, the umbrella rope (502) is made of a high-strength and high-elasticity rubber material, and the umbrella canopy (503) is made of a high-pressure-resistant, high-strength and high-elasticity rubber material.

9. The emergency floating movement deceleration equipment and operation method specially used for deep-sea platforms as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The control valve group is supported and installed by a support frame.

10. An operating method for emergency floating motion deceleration equipment specially used for deep-sea platforms, characterized in that: The process includes the following: Initial state of deceleration equipment: The first control valve (201), the second control valve (202) and the third control valve (203) are all in a closed state; the first spring body (306) of the hatch opening and closing mechanism (3) is in a freely extended state, and the first piston body (304) works in the right position under the action of the limiting stop ring (302); the hatch (402) is in a closed state; the second spring body (605) of the retracting and releasing mechanism (6) is in an extended state; the umbrella handle (501) is in a retracted state, the umbrella canopy (503) is folded, the umbrella rope (502) is loose, and the umbrella canopy (503) and the umbrella rope (502) are completely inside the umbrella cabin (4); Speed ​​reduction equipment activation status: In an accident condition, the emergency buoyancy control is activated. When it is detected that the emergency buoyancy speed is too fast, the No. 1 control valve (201) is opened, and the main ballast water tank (1) air pressure relief method is used to perform the air pressure relief operation. If the buoyancy speed still deviates from the control value, the emergency buoyancy movement deceleration equipment is activated; First, the No. 2 control valve (202) is opened, and the compressed air in the main ballast water tank (1) enters the first air chamber (303), overcomes the elastic force of the first spring body (306), pushes the first piston body (304) and drives the first piston rod (301) to move left, thereby opening the hatch (402). When the first proximity switch (309) detects that the first piston has moved into position, a closing signal is sent to the No. 2 control valve (202), and the No. 2 control valve (202) is closed. The pressure in the first air chamber (303) remains in a high pressure state, the first piston body (304) works in the left position, and the hatch (402) is in a fully open state. Then, the No. 3 control valve (203) is opened, and the compressed air in the main ballast water tank (1) enters the second air chamber (602), overcomes the elastic force of the second spring body (605), pushes the second piston body (603) and drives the umbrella handle (501) to extend forward. At the same time, the compressed air entering the second air chamber (602) enters the inside of the umbrella canopy (503) through the through hole of the second piston body (603) and the central hole of the umbrella handle (501). When the umbrella handle (501) extends forward to the right position, the umbrella canopy (503) is also in a fully expanded state, providing deceleration resistance for the floating movement; at this time, the second proximity switch (607) senses that the second piston body (603) has moved to the right position, the No. 3 control valve (203) is closed, and the pressure in the second air chamber (602) remains in a high pressure state; Deceleration equipment closed state: When the emergency floating movement speed returns to normal, the emergency floating movement deceleration equipment can be turned off, and its action is opposite to the enabled state.

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