Cylindrical electrode structure
By adopting a double-layer composite electrode structure, the physical pressure of carbon felt and nickel foam material is tightly fitted, and the design of PE insulated hollow mesh and cloth-electric titanium wires is solved, and the existing electrode structure is difficult to achieve high conductivity and high biological adhesion at the same time, and the electrode structure with stable performance and low cost is achieved, which is suitable for microbial electrochemical biocathode reactors.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510222243.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-23
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult for the existing electrode structure to achieve high conductivity and high biological adhesion at the same time, resulting in the cathode biofilm being easily washed and microorganisms being difficult to adhere, which in turn affects the catalytic performance and reaction rate.
A double-layer composite electrode structure, including carbon felt and nickel foam material, is adopted to make the surfaces of the two closely fit through physical pressure, forming a cylindrical electrode structure, and is separated and tightly connected through PE insulated hollow mesh and cloth-electric titanium wire to prevent the biofilm from being washed.
It achieves high conductivity and high bioadhesion, preventing cathode biofilm from being washed away, and is suitable for microbial electrochemical biocathode reactors, with stable performance, low cost and simple structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN120026344A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This patent relates to the field of microbial electrochemical electrode structures, and in particular to an electrode structure that is adapted to biological cathode catalysis, has both high conductivity and microbial adhesion, and can prevent the cathode biofilm from being washed away. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of microbial electrochemical technology in the field of hydrogen production and resource utilization, the conductivity and microbial adhesion of the biocathode are valued as core properties. High conductivity determines that the cathode has sufficient electron donors and less power loss. High bioadhesion means that the amount of microorganisms attached to the electrode surface is large, which in turn enhances catalytic performance, strengthens electron transfer and increases reaction rate. However, among the commonly used electrode materials in microbial electrochemical technology, carbon materials have high bioadhesion and hydrophilicity, but often have poor conductivity, high resistance, and high energy consumption; while metal materials with high conductivity are often difficult to attach microorganisms; and the commonly used electrode structure is a single-layer planar structure, and the microorganism can attach to a small area. Therefore, the development of electrodes with both high conductivity and high microbial adhesion has important practical value and research significance. In addition, the cathode is prone to polarization while undergoing a reduction reaction. At the same time, the bubbles generated in the cathode hydrogen production process are easy to peel off the cathode biofilm, and most microorganisms are often negatively charged in a neutral environment, which makes it difficult for conventional cathode electrodes to attach a large number of microorganisms, and thus difficult to form a biofilm. Related research mainly focuses on two aspects. One is to improve the biological attachment of electrode materials through pretreatment, such as using carbon quantum dots to modify the electrode. However, similar methods of modifying electrodes are costly and the performance stability needs further application research. On the other hand, by increasing the amount of microorganisms in the cathode solution, the reaction rate is increased by using electron mediators (such as hydrogen, formic acid, etc.) to contact the microorganisms in the solution. However, this method is limited by the large resistance of the microbial culture medium solution, and the electron mediator is often difficult to fully contact with the microorganisms. Although methods such as adding stirring and microbubble aeration to enhance mass transfer can effectively alleviate this problem, it brings new problems such as high energy consumption and complex equipment. Because it is urgent to propose an electrode structure with stable performance, large amount of microbial attachment, low cost and simple structure. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the problem that the existing electrode structure cannot achieve high conductivity and high biological adhesion at the same time, the patent of the present invention provides an electrode structure with stable performance and high biocatalytic efficiency.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by this patent to solve its technical problems is as follows: a cylindrical electrode structure, including a double-layer composite electrode, a separation net for fixing microorganisms and preventing short circuits, and a titanium wire for distributing electricity; The double-layer composite electrode is composed of a conductive electrode and a microorganism attachment electrode material of the same size. The surfaces of the two are closely fitted by physical pressure and assembled to form a cylindrical electrode structure, thereby achieving the functions of conducting electricity and attaching microorganisms, while preventing the cathode biofilm from being washed away. The fixed microorganism and anti-short circuit separation net adopts PE insulating hollow net, which is arranged between electrodes of different circles to prevent electrode contact; The electrical titanium wire runs through the double-layer composite electrode, and a close connection between the electrodes is achieved in a manner similar to suturing, and uniform distribution of electrons on the electrode surface is achieved through lead-out wires.
[0005] The double-layer composite electrode is made of carbon felt and nickel foam.
[0006] The carbon felt has a thickness of 3 mm and a porosity of 94.0%; the nickel foam has a thickness of 1.5 mm and a porosity of about 96.7%.
[0007] The PE insulating hollow mesh has a thickness of 1 mm and 0.2 holes.
[0008] The titanium wire has a diameter of 1 mm and Ti≥99.99%.
[0009] The cylindrical electrode has 3-4 layers and a bottom cross-sectional diameter of 70-100 mm.
[0010] The microbial attachment area is 280 cm 2 .
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the electrode structure designed in the patent of the present invention has both high conductivity and biocompatibility, and can effectively prevent the biofilm from being washed away, and is suitable for microbial electrochemical biocathode reactors.
[0012] The patented appearance design of the present invention utilizes physical pressure and titanium wire "sewing", so that the two material electrodes fit tightly together, the assembly is simple and the cost is low.
[0013] The patent of this invention fully considers the problem of possible collision between electrodes in different layers, and separates them through PE insulating hollow mesh to ensure stable performance of the electrode structure and long-term operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the patent of the present invention; figure numerals: 1-carbon felt material; 2-foam nickel material; 3-PE insulating hollow mesh; 4-clothed titanium wire.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the patented invention after assembly. Figure 3 This is a real picture of the biofilm grown according to the patent of this invention.
[0016] Table 1 The percentage of dead and alive microorganisms on the surface of electrode materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0018] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the double-layer composite electrode consists of a carbon felt 1 with the same plane size (7×20 cm) and a thickness of 3 mm and a nickel foam 2 with a thickness of 1.5 mm, which has both high conductivity and biological adhesion. The microorganism fixation and anti-short circuit separation net adopts a PE insulating hollow net 3 to isolate electrodes of different layers to prevent accidental short circuit. The titanium wire 4 evenly passes through the composite electrode and leads out the wire to ensure uniform distribution of electrons on the electrode surface.
[0019] The assembly process of the patent of the present invention is as follows: first, carbon felt 1 and nickel foam 2 electrode materials of the same plane size (7×20cm) are cut and physically pressed so that the burrs on the surface of the carbon felt are rolled into the holes of the nickel foam for a tight fit; then, titanium wire 4 is used to sew in the middle of the electrode every 10cm, and the end is twisted and the wire is led out to further strengthen the fit between the two layers of electrodes; then, a PE insulating hollow mesh 3 (8×20cm) is stacked, and the three are curled along the length direction to form a cylindrical structure of 3-4 layers from the inside to the outside, and finally, it can be locked with a PE rolling belt to enhance the stability of the structure.
[0020] It should be understood that the embodiments and examples discussed here are for illustrative purposes only and may be improved or modified by those skilled in the art, and all such improvements and modifications shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the patent of the present invention.
[0021] Dead cell percentage (%) Proportion of living cells (%) Life and death ratio Carbon Felt 5.8 94.2 0.061 Nickel Foam 35.5 64.5 0.55 Table 1.
Claims
1. A cylindrical electrode structure, characterized in that: It includes a double-layer composite electrode, a microorganism-fixing and short-circuit-proof separation net, and an electric titanium wire; The double-layer composite electrode is composed of a conductive electrode and a microorganism attachment electrode material of the same size. The surfaces of the two are closely fitted by physical pressure and assembled to form a cylindrical electrode structure, thereby achieving the functions of conducting electricity and attaching microorganisms, while preventing the cathode biofilm from being washed away. The fixed microorganism and anti-short circuit separation net adopts PE insulating hollow net, which is arranged between electrodes of different circles to prevent electrode contact; The electrical titanium wire runs through the double-layer composite electrode, and a close connection between the electrodes is achieved in a manner similar to suturing, and uniform distribution of electrons on the electrode surface is achieved through lead-out wires.
2. A cylindrical electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive electrode and microorganism attachment electrode are made of carbon felt and nickel foam.
3. A cylindrical electrode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon felt has a thickness of 3 mm and a porosity of 94.0%; the nickel foam has a thickness of 1.5 mm and a porosity of about 96.7%. The plane dimensions of the two are 7×20 cm.
4. A cylindrical electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PE insulating hollow mesh has a thickness of 1 mm and 0.2 holes.
5. The cylindrical electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium wire has a diameter of 1 mm and Ti≥99.99%.
6. A cylindrical electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical electrode has 3-4 layers and a bottom cross-sectional diameter of 70-100 mm.
7. The cylindrical electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial attachment area is 280 cm 2 .