Soil slope crack prefabricating device and prefabricating method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil slope crack prefabrication device and prefabrication method, and relates to the technical field of slope crack research, the soil slope crack prefabrication device comprises a model box, a soil slope model, a first translation guide rail, a second translation guide rail, a connecting rod, a crack excavation device, a soil suction device and a soil suction pipe; the crack digging device comprises a mounting main body, a blade mounting plate, a blade lifting driver, a twist drill, a twist drill driver, a three-dimensional scanner and two blades, the top ends of the two blades are detachably and fixedly arranged on the blade mounting plate, the two blades are parallel, the mounting distance of the two blades can be adjusted, and the three-dimensional scanner is arranged on the mounting main body. The spiral drill is used for excavating soil between the two slots, the three-dimensional scanner is arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting main body, and the soil suction device can suck the soil drilled by the spiral drill out of the model box; according to the method, disturbance to the soil slope model structure can be effectively reduced, and the crack construction efficiency and accuracy can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope crack research, and in particular to a soil slope crack prefabrication device and a prefabrication method. Background Art

[0002] Under the influence of natural or human factors such as rainfall, earthquakes, and artificial excavation disturbances, soil slopes often form tensile cracks of different widths and depths. These cracks not only weaken the stability of the overall structure of the slope, but also provide channels for rapid infiltration of rainwater, leading to local saturation and reduced shear strength inside the slope, thus causing local instability of the slope and even large-scale landslides. Therefore, the formation and expansion mechanism of tensile cracks and their impact on slope stability have become core issues in the study of slope disaster prevention and control.

[0003] At present, researchers generally use slope model tests to explore the control effect of cracks on slope stability. Existing crack construction methods mainly include pre-embedded partitions and then withdrawing the partitions or using scrapers to directly excavate to form cracks. These methods not only cause great disturbance to the slope, affecting the accuracy of the test, but are also inconvenient to operate and have significant limitations. It is difficult to meet the needs of accurate experimental research, which seriously restricts the in-depth research of slope model tests. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil slope crack prefabrication device and prefabrication method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can effectively reduce the disturbance to the soil slope model structure and effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of crack construction.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a soil slope crack prefabrication device, comprising a model box, a soil slope model, a first translation guide rail, a second translation guide rail, a connecting rod, a crack excavator, a soil suction device and a soil suction pipe, wherein the first translation guide rail is fixedly arranged on the top of the model box along a first direction, the second translation guide rail is arranged on the first translation guide rail along a second direction, the second translation guide rail can move in the first direction along the first translation guide rail, the soil slope model is placed in the model box, the soil slope model is placed below the first translation guide rail and the second translation guide rail, the top end of the connecting rod is arranged on the second translation guide rail, the top end of the connecting rod can move in the second direction along the second translation guide rail, the crack excavator comprises a mounting body, a blade mounting plate, a blade lifting driver, an auger, an auger driver, a three-dimensional scanner and two blades, the mounting body is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the connecting rod, the top ends of the two blades can be detachably fixed on the blade mounting plate, the two blades are parallel and juxtaposed, The installation distance of the two blades can be adjusted, and the bottom ends of the two blades can be inserted into the soil slope model from top to bottom to obtain two slots. The blade lifting driver is arranged on the installation body, and the blade lifting driver is transmission-connected with the blade mounting plate, and the blade lifting driver can drive the blade mounting plate to rise or fall. The auger is used to excavate the soil between the two slots, and the bottom end of the auger can be inserted into the soil between the two slots from top to bottom. The auger driver is arranged on the installation body, and the auger driver is transmission-connected with the auger, and the auger driver can drive the auger to rise or fall, and the auger driver can drive the auger to rotate. The three-dimensional scanner is arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body, one end of the soil suction pipe is placed in the model box, and the other end of the soil suction pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the air inlet of the soil suction device, and the soil suction device is placed outside the model box, and the soil suction device can suck the soil drilled by the auger to the outside of the model box.

[0007] Preferably, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the first translation guide rail includes a first slide rail, a first slider, a second slide rail and a second slider, the first slide rail and the second slide rail are both fixedly arranged on the top of the model box along the first direction, the first slider is arranged on the first slide rail, the first slider can slide along the first slide rail in the first direction, the second slider is arranged on the second slide rail, the second slider can slide along the second slide rail in the first direction, the second translation guide rail includes a third slide rail and a third slider, one end of the third slide rail is fixedly arranged on the first slider, the other end of the third slide rail is fixedly arranged on the second slider, the third slider is arranged on the third slide rail, the third slider can slide along the third slide rail in the second direction, and the third slider is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the first slider, the second slider and the third slider are all provided with walking wheels and a wireless remote control walking drive device, the walking wheels are in contact with the first slide rail, the second slide rail or the third slide rail, the wireless remote control walking drive device is connected to the walking wheels in a transmission manner, the wireless remote control walking drive device can drive the walking wheels to rotate, and the rotation of the walking wheels can move the first slider, the second slider or the third slider.

[0009] Preferably, the crack excavator also includes a soil suction baffle, the end of the soil suction pipe away from the soil suction device is fixed on the installation body, the top of the soil suction baffle is fixed on the installation body, the interior of the soil suction baffle has a cavity, the cavity is connected with the soil suction pipe, and a plurality of soil penetration holes are opened on the surface of the soil suction baffle on one side close to the spiral drill, and the soil penetration holes can connect the cavity with the outside of the soil suction baffle.

[0010] Preferably, the soil suction device includes a soil collecting bucket, a filter, an air pump and an air outlet pipe, the end of the soil suction pipe away from the model box is fixed in the soil collecting bucket, the internal space of the soil collecting bucket is connected with the soil suction pipe, the filter is fixed on the soil collecting bucket, the air inlet of the filter is connected with the internal space of the soil collecting bucket, the air pump is fixed outside the soil collecting bucket, the air inlet of the air pump is connected with the air outlet of the filter, one end of the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected and connected with the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the outside.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the auger has a threaded section, the threaded section is used for threaded connection with the auger driver, a spiral groove is provided in the middle and lower part of the auger, and the bottom end of the auger has drill teeth.

[0012] Preferably, the crack excavator further comprises a sprayer, the top end of which is fixedly arranged on the mounting body, and the sprayer can spray toward the drilling location of the auger.

[0013] Preferably, the crack excavator also includes a discharge funnel, a feed pipe, an electric valve and a storage barrel. The inner side wall of the discharge funnel gradually shrinks from the top of the discharge funnel to the bottom of the discharge funnel, and the bottom end of the discharge funnel is open. The discharge funnel is used to fill coarse particle filler into the cracks dug by the blade and the spiral drill. The top end of the discharge funnel is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body, and the storage barrel is used to accommodate the coarse particle filler. The storage barrel is placed above the installation body, and the feed pipe is fixedly arranged on the installation body. The top end of the feed pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the storage barrel, and the bottom end of the feed pipe extends into the discharge funnel. The electric valve is arranged on the feed pipe, and the electric valve can control the on and off of the feed pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the crack excavator further comprises a scraper, the top end of which is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting body, and the scraper can flatten the coarse particle filler used to fill the crack.

[0015] The present invention also provides a soil slope crack prefabrication method, using the soil slope crack prefabrication device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Move the second translation guide rail along the first translation guide rail in a first direction, and then move the top end of the connecting rod along the second translation guide rail in a second direction until the crack excavator moves to a target position for excavating the crack;

[0017] Step 2: After the crack excavator moves to the target position for excavating the crack, the blade lifting driver drives the blade mounting plate to descend, so that the bottom ends of the two blades on the blade mounting plate are inserted into the soil slope model from top to bottom;

[0018] Step 3: After the blades are inserted to the target depth, the blade lifting driver drives the blade mounting plate to rise, so that the two blades leave the soil slope model, and two slots are obtained at the top of the soil slope model;

[0019] Step 4: Start the soil suction machine;

[0020] Step 5: The auger driver drives the auger to descend, and at the same time, the auger driver drives the auger to rotate, so that the bottom end of the auger is inserted from top to bottom into the soil between the two slots;

[0021] Step 6: Move the second translation guide rail along the first translation guide rail in the first direction, and / or move the top end of the connecting rod along the second translation guide rail in the second direction, until the auger drills away the soil between the two slots obtained in step 3 to obtain a crack;

[0022] Step 7: Start the 3D scanner, scan the crack, and check the flatness, width and depth of the crack. If the inspection is qualified, the crack production is completed.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0024] The soil slope crack prefabrication device and prefabrication method provided by the present invention guide the crack excavator to move in the first direction and the second direction by arranging a first translation guide rail and a second translation guide rail above the soil slope model, so as to move the crack excavator to the target position where the crack needs to be excavated, insert two parallel and juxtaposed blades into the soil slope model, control the crack width by controlling the distance between the two blades, and control the crack depth by controlling the depth of the two blades inserted into the soil slope model, so as to flexibly adjust the crack depth and width, scan the crack with a three-dimensional scanner, check the flatness, width and depth of the crack, and realize accurate measurement of the crack geometric parameters, and cooperate the three-dimensional measurement technology of the three-dimensional scanner with the control of the distance and insertion depth of the two blades, so as to realize accurate measurement of the crack geometric parameters. The invention provides a novel method for prefabricating soil slope cracks in a controlled manner, and a method for prefabricating soil slope cracks in a controlled manner, so as to facilitate three-dimensional display and high-precision production of cracks. The soil between the two slots is excavated by an auger, and the soil drilled by the auger is promptly sucked out of the model box by a soil suction device to ensure the cleanliness of the test environment and the reliability of the data. The soil slope crack prefabrication device and prefabrication method provided by the present invention do not require pre-buried partitions, and the cracks are directly processed quickly, efficiently and accurately on the soil slope model, which significantly reduces the disturbance to the soil slope model structure and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the test modeling. It can not only meet the diverse needs under complex experimental scenarios, but also provide a means of crack construction close to actual working conditions, which will provide a new perspective and technical support for the formation and expansion mechanism of soil slope cracks and their impact on slope stability, and at the same time provide a reliable theoretical basis and engineering guidance for the prediction and prevention of geological disasters, and has important academic value and practical application significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a soil slope crack prefabrication device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of a soil slope crack prefabrication device;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crack excavator in FIG.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the relative positions of the soil suction baffle and the auger;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the soil penetration holes on the soil suction baffle;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of soil suction device in;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the auger in;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the drill teeth on the auger;

[0034] In the figure: 1-model box, 2-soil slope model, 3-connecting rod, 4-crack excavator, 5-soil suction device, 6-soil suction pipe, 7-installation body, 8-blade, 9-blade mounting plate, 10-fixing screw, 11-auger, 12-scraper, 13-3D scanner, 14-first direction, 15-second direction, 16-first slide rail, 17-first slider, 18-second slide rail, 19-second slider, 20-third slide rail, 21-third slider, 22-soil suction baffle, 23-cavity, 24-soil penetration hole, 25-soil collecting bucket, 26-filter, 27-vacuum pump, 28-exhaust pipe, 29-threaded section, 30-spiral groove, 31-drill bit serration, 32-sprayer, 33-discharge funnel, 34-feeding pipe, 35-electric valve, 36-storage bucket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil slope crack prefabrication device and prefabrication method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can effectively reduce the disturbance to the soil slope model structure and effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of crack construction.

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a soil slope crack prefabrication device, including a model box 1, a soil slope model 2, a first translation guide rail, a second translation guide rail, a connecting rod 3, a crack excavator 4, a soil suction device 5 and a soil suction pipe 6, the first translation guide rail is fixedly arranged on the top of the model box 1 along a first direction 14, the second translation guide rail is arranged on the first translation guide rail along a second direction 15, the second translation guide rail can move along the first translation guide rail in the first direction 14, the soil slope model 2 is placed in the model box 1, and the soil slope model 2 is placed in the model box 1. The slope model 2 is placed below the first translation guide rail and the second translation guide rail, the top end of the connecting rod 3 is arranged on the second translation guide rail, and the top end of the connecting rod 3 can move along the second translation guide rail in the second direction 15. The crack excavator 4 includes a mounting body 7, a blade mounting plate 9, a blade lifting driver, an auger 11, an auger driver, a three-dimensional scanner 13 and two blades 8. The mounting body 7 is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the connecting rod 3, and the top ends of the two blades 8 can be detachably fixed on the blade mounting plate 9. On the upper part, two blades 8 are arranged in parallel, the installation distance of the two blades 8 can be adjusted, the bottom ends of the two blades 8 can be inserted into the soil slope model 2 from top to bottom to obtain two slots, the blade lifting driver is arranged on the installation body 7, the blade lifting driver is transmission connected with the blade mounting plate 9, the blade lifting driver can drive the blade mounting plate 9 to rise or fall, the auger 11 is used to excavate the soil between the two slots, the bottom end of the auger 11 can be inserted into the soil between the two slots from top to bottom, the auger driver is arranged on the installation body 7, the auger driver is transmission connected with the auger 11, the auger driver can drive the auger 11 to rise or fall, the auger driver can drive the auger 11 to rotate, the three-dimensional scanner 13 is arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body 7, one end of the soil suction pipe 6 is placed in the model box 1, the other end of the soil suction pipe 6 is fixedly connected and communicated with the air inlet of the soil suction device 5, the soil suction device 5 is placed outside the model box 1, and the soil suction device 5 can suck the soil drilled by the auger 11 to the outside of the model box 1.

[0040] The soil slope crack prefabrication device provided in the present embodiment guides the crack excavator 4 to move in the first direction 14 and in the second direction 15 by arranging a first translation guide rail and a second translation guide rail above the soil slope model 2, so as to move the crack excavator 4 to the target position where the crack needs to be excavated, insert two parallel blades 8 into the soil slope model 2, and control the crack width by controlling the distance between the two blades 8. Control the crack depth by controlling the depth of the two blades 8 inserted into the soil slope model 2, so as to flexibly adjust the crack depth and width. The crack is scanned by a three-dimensional scanner 13 to check the flatness, width and depth of the crack, so as to achieve accurate measurement of the crack geometric parameters. The three-dimensional measurement technology of the three-dimensional scanner 13 is coordinated with the control of the distance and insertion depth of the two blades 8, so as to achieve the crack geometric parameters. The parameters are precisely controlled, so as to facilitate three-dimensional display and high-precision production of cracks. The soil between the two slots is excavated by the spiral drill 11, and the soil drilled by the spiral drill 11 is sucked out of the model box 1 in time by the soil suction device 5 to ensure the cleanliness of the test environment and the reliability of the data. The soil slope crack prefabrication device provided in this embodiment does not require pre-buried partitions, and the cracks are directly processed on the soil slope model 2 quickly, efficiently and accurately, which significantly reduces the disturbance to the structure of the soil slope model 2 and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the test modeling. It can not only meet the diverse needs under complex experimental scenarios, but also provide a crack construction method close to the actual working conditions. It will provide a new perspective and technical support for the formation and expansion mechanism of soil slope cracks and their impact on slope stability. At the same time, it provides a reliable theoretical basis and engineering guidance for the prediction and prevention of geological disasters, which has important academic value and practical application significance.

[0041] It should be noted that the soil slope model 2 is a complete slope model that is pre-constructed by filling soil layer by layer in the model box 1 .

[0042] Furthermore, the first direction 14 is perpendicular to the second direction 15, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the crack excavator 4; the first translation guide rail includes a first slide rail 16, a first slider 17, a second slide rail 18 and a second slider 19, the first slide rail 16 and the second slide rail 18 are both fixedly arranged on the top of the model box 1 along the first direction 14, the first slider 17 is arranged on the first slide rail 16, the first slider 17 can slide along the first slide rail 16 in the first direction 14, the second slider 19 is arranged on the second slide rail 18, the second slider 19 can slide along the second slide rail 18 in the first direction 14, and the second translation guide rail includes It includes a third slide rail 20 and a third slider 21, one end of the third slide rail 20 is fixed on the first slider 17, the other end of the third slide rail 20 is fixed on the second slider 19, the third slider 21 is arranged on the third slide rail 20, the third slider 21 can slide along the third slide rail 20 in the second direction 15, the third slider 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 3, the structure is simple, the support is firm, and the movement is smooth; as a more preferred implementation method of this embodiment, the first slide rail 16 and the second slide rail 18 are fixed to the top of the model box 1 by fixing screws 10, which is convenient for manufacturing and use.

[0043] Furthermore, the first slider 17, the second slider 19 and the third slider 21 are all provided with walking wheels and a wireless remote control walking drive device, the walking wheels are in contact with the first slide rail 16, the second slide rail 18 or the third slide rail 20, the wireless remote control walking drive device is connected to the walking wheels in a transmission manner, the wireless remote control walking drive device can drive the walking wheels to rotate, and the rotation of the walking wheels can move the first slider 17, the second slider 19 or the third slider 21, which is easy to control; as a more preferred implementation of this embodiment, the first slider 17, the second slider 19 and the third slider 21 can all adopt the existing wireless remote control walking trolley.

[0044] Furthermore, the crack excavator 4 also includes a soil suction baffle 22. The end of the soil suction pipe 6 away from the soil suction device 5 is fixed on the installation body 7. The top of the soil suction baffle 22 is fixed on the installation body 7. The interior of the soil suction baffle 22 has a cavity 23, and the cavity 23 is connected with the soil suction pipe 6. A plurality of soil penetration holes 24 are opened on the surface of the soil suction baffle 22 on one side close to the auger 11. The soil penetration holes 24 can connect the cavity 23 with the outside of the soil suction baffle 22. The soil drilled by the auger 11 enters the cavity 23 through the soil penetration holes 24, and then enters the soil suction device 5 through the soil suction pipe 6, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the test environment and the reliability of the data.

[0045] Furthermore, the soil suction device 5 includes a soil collecting bucket 25, a filter 26, an air extractor 27 and an air outlet pipe 28. The end of the soil suction pipe 6 away from the model box 1 is fixedly arranged in the soil collecting bucket 25, and the internal space of the soil collecting bucket 25 is communicated with the soil suction pipe 6. The filter 26 is fixedly arranged on the soil collecting bucket 25, and the air inlet of the filter 26 is communicated with the internal space of the soil collecting bucket 25. The air extractor 27 is fixedly arranged outside the soil collecting bucket 25, and the air inlet of the air extractor 27 is communicated with the air outlet of the filter 26. The air outlet pipe 28 is fixedly arranged outside the soil collecting bucket 25, and the air inlet of the air extractor 27 is communicated with the air outlet of the filter 26. One end of 8 is fixedly connected and communicated with the air outlet of the vacuum machine 27, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 28 is communicated with the outside. After the vacuum machine 27 is started, the vacuum machine 27 quickly discharges the air in the soil collecting bucket 25 through the filter 26 and the air outlet pipe 28, so that the air in the cavity 23 of the soil suction pipe 6 and the soil suction baffle 22 flows into the soil collecting bucket 25, and negative air pressure is generated near the soil penetration hole 24, so that the soil drilled by the spiral drill 11 is sucked into the soil collecting bucket 25. The structure is simple and easy to make and use.

[0046] Furthermore, the top of the auger 11 has a threaded section 29, which is used to be threadedly connected to the auger driver to facilitate replacement of the auger 11 according to different working conditions. A spiral groove 30 is provided in the middle and lower part of the auger 11, and the bottom end of the auger 11 has drill teeth 31. The spiral groove 30 can facilitate the cut soil to move upward to the soil-penetrating hole 24, and the drill teeth 31 can cut the soil into fine particles to facilitate being sucked into the soil suction baffle 22.

[0047] Furthermore, the crack excavator 4 also includes a sprayer 32, the top end of the sprayer 32 is fixed on the mounting body 7, and the sprayer 32 can spray toward the drilling position of the auger 11. The sprayer 32 is started to remove dust from the excavated soil to prevent the dust from adversely affecting the soil slope model 2 and ensure the cleanliness of the test environment.

[0048] Furthermore, the crack excavator 4 also includes a discharge funnel 33, a feed pipe 34, an electric valve 35 and a storage barrel 36. The inner side wall of the discharge funnel 33 gradually shrinks from the top of the discharge funnel 33 to the bottom of the discharge funnel 33. The bottom end of the discharge funnel 33 is open. The discharge funnel 33 is used to fill coarse particle fillers into the cracks excavated by the blade 8 and the auger 11. The top of the discharge funnel 33 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body 7. The storage barrel 36 is used to accommodate coarse particle fillers. The storage barrel 36 is placed above the installation body 7. The feed pipe 34 is fixedly arranged on the installation body 7. The top of the feed pipe 34 is fixedly connected and communicated with the storage barrel 36. The bottom end of the feed pipe 34 extends into the discharge funnel 33. The electric valve 35 is arranged on the feed pipe 34. The electric valve 35 can control the on and off of the feed pipe 34. After the crack is excavated, the feed pipe 34 is opened to the crack. Coarse-grained fillers such as sand are filled in the cracks to prevent soil collapse and blockage of the cracks during the test, while ensuring that the cracks have sufficient permeability. The specific process is: first, start the three-dimensional scanner 13, scan the cracks, check the flatness, width and depth of the cracks, calculate the crack volume, and according to the volume calculated by the three-dimensional scanner 13, start the electric valve 35 to transport the coarse-grained fillers in the storage barrel 36 through the feed pipe 34 and the discharge funnel 33 and fill them into the cracks; it should be noted that before filling the coarse-grained fillers into the cracks dug by the blade 8 and the auger 11, the blade 8, the auger 11 and the soil suction baffle 22 can be adaptively removed manually to avoid the blade 8, the auger 11 or the soil suction baffle 22 from scratching the soil around the cracks when filling the coarse-grained fillers into the cracks dug by the blade 8 and the auger 11.

[0049] Furthermore, the crack excavator 4 also includes a scraper 12, the top end of which is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting body 7. The scraper 12 can scrape the coarse particle filler for crack filling flat, thereby ensuring that the coarse particle filler for crack filling is flat.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] This embodiment provides a soil slope crack prefabrication method, which uses the soil slope crack prefabrication device in the first embodiment and includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Move the second translation guide rail along the first translation guide rail in the first direction 14, and then move the top end of the connecting rod 3 along the second translation guide rail in the second direction 15 until the crack excavator 4 moves to the target position for excavating the crack;

[0053] Step 2: After the crack excavator 4 moves to the target position for excavating the crack, the blade lifting driver drives the blade mounting plate 9 to descend, so that the bottom ends of the two blades 8 on the blade mounting plate 9 are inserted into the soil slope model 2 from top to bottom;

[0054] Step 3: After the blade 8 is inserted to the target depth, the blade lifting driver drives the blade mounting plate 9 to rise, so that the two blades 8 leave the soil slope model 2, and two slots are obtained at the top of the soil slope model 2;

[0055] Step 4: Start the soil suction device 5;

[0056] Step 5: The auger driver drives the auger 11 to descend, and at the same time, the auger driver drives the auger 11 to rotate, so that the bottom end of the auger 11 is inserted into the soil between the two slots from top to bottom;

[0057] Step 6: Move the second translation guide rail along the first translation guide rail in the first direction 14, and / or move the top end of the connecting rod 3 along the second translation guide rail in the second direction 15, until the auger 11 drills away the soil between the two slots obtained in step 3 to obtain a crack;

[0058] Step 7: Start the three-dimensional scanner 13 to scan the cracks and check the flatness, width and depth of the cracks. If the inspection is qualified, the crack production is completed.

[0059] The soil slope crack prefabrication method provided in the present embodiment guides the crack excavator 4 to move in the first direction 14 and in the second direction 15 by setting a first translation guide rail and a second translation guide rail above the soil slope model 2, so as to move the crack excavator 4 to the target position where the crack needs to be excavated, inserts two parallel blades 8 into the soil slope model 2, controls the crack width by controlling the distance between the two blades 8, controls the crack depth by controlling the depth of the two blades 8 inserted into the soil slope model 2, and thus can flexibly adjust the crack depth and width, scans the crack by a three-dimensional scanner 13, checks the flatness, width and depth of the crack, and realizes accurate measurement of the crack geometric parameters, and cooperates the three-dimensional measurement technology of the three-dimensional scanner 13 with the control of the distance and insertion depth of the two blades 8, so as to realize the crack geometric parameters. The parameters are precisely controlled to facilitate three-dimensional display and high-precision production of cracks. The soil between the two slots is excavated by the spiral drill 11, and the soil drilled by the spiral drill 11 is sucked out of the model box 1 in time by the soil suction device 5 to ensure the cleanliness of the test environment and the reliability of the data. The soil slope crack prefabrication method provided in this embodiment does not require pre-buried partitions, and the cracks are directly processed quickly, efficiently and accurately on the soil slope model 2, which significantly reduces the disturbance to the structure of the soil slope model 2 and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the test modeling. It can not only meet the diverse needs under complex experimental scenarios, but also provide a crack construction method close to the actual working conditions, which will provide a new perspective and technical support for the formation and expansion mechanism of soil slope cracks and their impact on slope stability, and at the same time provide a reliable theoretical basis and engineering guidance for the prediction and prevention of geological disasters, which has important academic value and practical application significance.

[0060] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil slope crack prefabrication device, characterized by: The invention comprises a model box, a soil slope model, a first translation guide rail, a second translation guide rail, a connecting rod, a crack excavator, a soil suction device and a soil suction pipe, wherein the first translation guide rail is fixedly arranged on the top of the model box along a first direction, the second translation guide rail is arranged on the first translation guide rail along a second direction, the second translation guide rail can move in the first direction along the first translation guide rail, the soil slope model is placed in the model box, the soil slope model is placed below the first translation guide rail and the second translation guide rail, the top end of the connecting rod is arranged on the second translation guide rail, the top end of the connecting rod can move in the second direction along the second translation guide rail, the crack excavator comprises a mounting body, a blade mounting plate, a blade lifting driver, an auger, an auger driver, a three-dimensional scanner and two blades, the mounting body is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the connecting rod, the top ends of the two blades can be detachably fixed on the blade mounting plate, the two blades are arranged in parallel, and the mounting of the two blades The distance can be adjusted, the bottom ends of the two blades can be inserted from top to bottom into the soil slope model to obtain two slots, the blade lifting driver is arranged on the installation body, the blade lifting driver is transmission-connected to the blade mounting plate, the blade lifting driver can drive the blade mounting plate to rise or fall, the auger is used to excavate the soil between the two slots, the bottom end of the auger can be inserted from top to bottom into the soil between the two slots, the auger driver is arranged on the installation body, the auger driver is transmission-connected to the auger, the auger driver can drive the auger to rise or fall, the auger driver can drive the auger to rotate, the three-dimensional scanner is arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body, one end of the soil suction pipe is placed in the model box, the other end of the soil suction pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the air inlet of the soil suction device, the soil suction device is placed outside the model box, and the soil suction device can suck the soil drilled by the auger to the outside of the model box.

2. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the first translation guide rail includes a first slide rail, a first slider, a second slide rail and a second slider, the first slide rail and the second slide rail are both fixedly arranged on the top of the model box along the first direction, the first slider is arranged on the first slide rail, the first slider can slide along the first slide rail in the first direction, the second slider is arranged on the second slide rail, the second slider can slide along the second slide rail in the first direction, the second translation guide rail includes a third slide rail and a third slider, one end of the third slide rail is fixedly arranged on the first slider, the other end of the third slide rail is fixedly arranged on the second slider, the third slider is arranged on the third slide rail, the third slider can slide along the third slide rail in the second direction, and the third slider is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting rod.

3. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first slider, the second slider and the third slider are all provided with walking wheels and wireless remote control walking drive devices, the walking wheels are in contact with the first slide rail, the second slide rail or the third slide rail, the wireless remote control walking drive device is connected to the walking wheels in transmission, the wireless remote control walking drive device can drive the walking wheels to rotate, and the rotation of the walking wheels can move the first slider, the second slider or the third slider.

4. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The crack excavator also includes a soil suction baffle, an end of the soil suction pipe away from the soil suction device is fixed on the installation body, the top of the soil suction baffle is fixed on the installation body, the interior of the soil suction baffle has a cavity, the cavity is connected to the soil suction pipe, and a plurality of soil penetration holes are opened on the surface of the soil suction baffle on one side close to the spiral drill, and the soil penetration holes can connect the cavity with the outside of the soil suction baffle.

5. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The soil suction device includes a soil collecting bucket, a filter, an air pump and an air outlet pipe. One end of the soil suction pipe away from the model box is fixed in the soil collecting bucket, and the internal space of the soil collecting bucket is communicated with the soil suction pipe. The filter is fixed on the soil collecting bucket, and the air inlet of the filter is communicated with the internal space of the soil collecting bucket. The air pump is fixed outside the soil collecting bucket, and the air inlet of the air pump is communicated with the air outlet of the filter. One end of the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end of the air outlet pipe is communicated with the outside.

6. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 4 is characterized by: The top of the auger is provided with a threaded section, and the threaded section is used for threaded connection with the auger driver. A spiral groove is provided in the middle and lower part of the auger, and the bottom end of the auger is provided with drill teeth.

7. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The crack excavator also includes a sprayer, the top end of which is fixedly arranged on the installation body, and the sprayer can spray toward the drilling position of the auger.

8. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The crack excavator also includes a discharge funnel, a feed pipe, an electric valve and a storage barrel. The inner side wall of the discharge funnel gradually shrinks from the top of the discharge funnel to the bottom of the discharge funnel, and the bottom end of the discharge funnel is open. The discharge funnel is used to fill coarse particle fillers into the cracks dug by the blade and the spiral drill. The top of the discharge funnel is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body, and the storage barrel is used to accommodate the coarse particle fillers. The storage barrel is placed above the installation body, and the feed pipe is fixedly arranged on the installation body. The top end of the feed pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the storage barrel, and the bottom end of the feed pipe extends into the discharge funnel. The electric valve is arranged on the feed pipe, and the electric valve can control the on and off of the feed pipe.

9. The soil slope crack prefabrication device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crack excavator also includes a scraper, the top end of which is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the installation body, and the scraper can flatten the coarse particle filler filled in the crack.

10. A soil slope crack prefabrication method, using the soil slope crack prefabrication device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Move the second translation guide rail along the first translation guide rail in a first direction, and then move the top end of the connecting rod along the second translation guide rail in a second direction until the crack excavator moves to a target position for excavating the crack; Step 2: After the crack excavator moves to the target position for excavating the crack, the blade lifting driver drives the blade mounting plate to descend, so that the bottom ends of the two blades on the blade mounting plate are inserted into the soil slope model from top to bottom; Step 3: After the blades are inserted to the target depth, the blade lifting driver drives the blade mounting plate to rise, so that the two blades leave the soil slope model, and two slots are obtained at the top of the soil slope model; Step 4: Start the soil suction machine; Step 5: The auger driver drives the auger to descend, and at the same time, the auger driver drives the auger to rotate, so that the bottom end of the auger is inserted from top to bottom into the soil between the two slots; Step 6: Move the second translation guide rail along the first translation guide rail in the first direction, and / or move the top end of the connecting rod along the second translation guide rail in the second direction, until the auger drills away the soil between the two slots obtained in step 3 to obtain a crack; Step 7: Start the 3D scanner, scan the crack, and check the flatness, width and depth of the crack. If the inspection is qualified, the crack production is completed.

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