Classified precise grouting device and grouting method for broken surrounding rock of mine deep roadway

Abstract

The invention discloses a mine deep roadway broken surrounding rock classification accurate grouting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of mine engineering.The device comprises a classification recognition module, a grouting module and a pressure detection control module, the grouting module is arranged in a shell, and the grouting module comprises a multi-channel switching unit, a slurry storage unit and a flow control unit; the classification identification module is connected with the grouting module, the grouting module is connected with the pressure detection control module, the pressure detection control module is connected with the multi-channel switching unit, and the multi-channel switching unit is connected with the grout storage unit. According to the classified and precise grouting device and method for the broken surrounding rock of the mine deep roadway, through cooperative work of the classification and recognition module, the grouting module and the pressure monitoring control module, the intelligent control technology and the visual monitoring terminal are combined; accurate classification of broken surrounding rocks, dynamic switching of grout and real-time stable control of grouting pressure are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a precise grouting device and a grouting method for classified broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Broken surrounding rock in mine tunnels is a common and difficult problem to deal with during mining. The causes of its formation include ground stress release, mining vibration, blasting impact, etc. This type of surrounding rock usually has a high crack rate and low stability, which can easily lead to deformation and collapse of the tunnel, endangering the safety of operations. Therefore, grouting technology is widely used in the reinforcement of broken surrounding rock. Slurry is injected into the cracks of the surrounding rock to fill the voids and enhance the strength of the rock mass, thereby improving the stability of the surrounding rock. However, the existing grouting device has the following significant deficiencies in practical applications: First, the traditional grouting device lacks the function of surrounding rock classification and identification, and it is difficult to select the appropriate grouting slurry according to the scale and distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock cracks. For areas with larger crack widths, injecting low-viscosity slurry is prone to material waste, while high-viscosity slurry has insufficient fluidity in micro-cracks, which may lead to incomplete filling and reduce the grouting effect. This "one-size-fits-all" grouting method often fails to achieve an accurate match between slurry performance and crack characteristics, affecting the quality of reinforcement.

[0003] Secondly, the grouting pressure control technology is not yet perfect, and it is difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment. In a complex deep surrounding rock environment, the stress state, crack distribution and permeability of the surrounding rock are constantly changing with the operation. If the grouting pressure is too high, it may cause secondary fractures of the surrounding rock; if the pressure is too low, it cannot ensure that the slurry fills deep into the cracks, thus affecting the reinforcement effect. Existing grouting devices usually use fixed pressure settings and lack a closed-loop control mechanism. They are difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes in the surrounding rock state, resulting in low grouting efficiency.

[0004] In addition, traditional grouting equipment has poor adaptability in complex environments. Deep mine tunnels are often accompanied by extreme conditions such as high humidity, high dust and high temperature. Long-term use can easily cause equipment sensors to fail or become blocked, affecting data collection and equipment performance. At the same time, traditional equipment lacks visual monitoring functions, making it difficult for operators to grasp the dynamic state of the grouting process in a timely manner, resulting in blind spots in construction management and effect evaluation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a precise grouting device and grouting method for classifying broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels. Through the coordinated work of a classification identification module, a grouting module and a pressure monitoring and control module, combined with intelligent control technology and a visual monitoring terminal, precise classification of broken surrounding rocks, dynamic switching of slurry and real-time stable control of grouting pressure can be achieved.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a precise grouting device for classifying broken surrounding rock in deep tunnels of mines, comprising a classification and identification module, a grouting module, and a pressure detection and control module. The grouting module is placed in a shell, and the grouting module comprises a multi-channel switching unit, a slurry storage unit and a flow control unit. The classification and identification module is connected to the grouting module through a grouting pipeline, the grouting module is connected to the pressure detection and control module, the pressure detection and control module is connected to the multi-channel switching unit, and the multi-channel switching unit is connected to the slurry storage unit.

[0007] Preferably, the classification and identification module is fixedly connected to the porous grouting head through a metal flange, and the porous grouting head is fixedly connected to the grouting pipeline. A multi-layer sealing gasket is arranged at the rear end of the classification and identification module. The outer shell is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant material and is covered with a waterproof and dust-proof coating. A shock-absorbing device is installed outside the classification and identification module.

[0008] Preferably, the classification and identification module includes a multifunctional sensor array, a signal processing unit, an embedded AI analysis system, a module self-cleaning system and a porous grouting head, wherein the multifunctional sensor array includes an acoustic wave detection unit, a resistivity detection unit and a pressure sensing unit, the multifunctional sensor array is connected to the signal processing unit, the acoustic wave detection unit, the resistivity detection unit and the pressure sensing unit are connected to the signal processing unit via electrical signals, and the signal processing unit is connected to the AI ​​analysis system via electrical signals.

[0009] Preferably, the front end of the classification and identification module is a grooved planar structure, and working ports of a multifunctional sensor array are arranged around the groove. The working ports include an acoustic wave probe, multi-point electrode contact points and a pressure sensing contact surface, wherein the acoustic wave probe is connected to the acoustic wave detection unit, the multi-point electrode contact points are connected to the resistivity detection unit, and the pressure sensing contact surface is connected to the pressure sensing unit.

[0010] Preferably, the module self-cleaning system includes an airflow cleaning unit, which includes an air pump, a nozzle system and an airflow control valve. The nozzle is connected to the rear end of the classification and identification module, and the other end is connected to the nozzle system. The nozzle system is distributed at the working port of the multi-functional sensor array. The airflow control valve is electrically connected to the AI ​​analysis system, and the airflow control valve is placed on the connecting pipe between the nozzle and the air pump.

[0011] Preferably, the grouting module is a frame structure, the outer shell of which is a high-strength corrosion-resistant material with a wear-resistant coating on the surface. The slurry storage unit is placed in the top area of ​​the grouting module, and the slurry storage unit includes a high-viscosity slurry storage tank, a low-viscosity slurry storage tank and an ultra-low-viscosity slurry storage tank.

[0012] Preferably, a multi-channel switching unit is provided between the slurry storage unit and the grouting pump, the multi-channel switching unit comprises an input pipeline, an output pipeline, a supporting structure and an electric control valve system, the output pipeline is connected to the grouting pump, an input pipeline is connected between the slurry storage unit and the multi-channel switching unit, an electric control valve system is installed on the input pipeline, and the electric control valve system comprises a valve body, a coil and a feedback sensor; The grouting pump and the flow control unit are placed in the bottom area of ​​the grouting module. The grouting pump is a high-precision plunger pump, and the flow control unit includes a flow sensor and a control valve.

[0013] Preferably, a grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module is provided on one side of the shell, and a control and visualization monitoring terminal is provided on the other side. The grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module is a rectangular chassis structure, and its shell is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy material with an anti-corrosion coating sprayed on the surface. The grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module includes a flow sensor unit, a control system unit, a fault warning unit and a closed-loop control system, and the closed-loop control system is electrically connected to the grouting module.

[0014] Preferably, the control and visual monitoring terminal includes a visual liquid crystal panel, a central processing unit, a communication module, a data storage unit and a graphics rendering system, and the visual liquid crystal panel, the central processing unit, the communication module, the data storage unit and the graphics rendering system are all electrically connected to each other.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels, which uses the above-mentioned accurate grouting device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels, including the following steps: Step 1: Device installation: The device is deployed in the deep tunnel of the mine where grouting is to be carried out. The classification and identification module is fixedly connected to the porous grouting head through a metal flange. The porous grouting head is fixedly connected to the grouting pipeline. The other end of the grouting pipeline is connected to the grouting pump. The grouting module is also connected to the pressure detection control module through a flange. Step 2: Classification and identification of surrounding rocks: Start the acoustic wave detection unit, resistivity detection unit and pressure sensing unit of the classification and identification module. The acoustic wave detection unit evaluates the width of the crack by monitoring the propagation speed of the sound wave. The resistivity detection unit determines the water content of the crack by measuring the conductivity of the surrounding rock. The pressure sensing unit is used to capture the stress changes of the local surrounding rock. The obtained physical parameter data is transmitted to the AI ​​analysis system through the signal processing unit for fusion analysis, and finally the category of the crack is output; Step 3, slurry switching and grouting operation: According to the classification results, the classification recognition module outputs the "crack" information and transmits it to the grouting module. The multi-channel switching unit in the grouting module automatically selects the slurry storage tank suitable for this type of crack and starts the grouting pump. The slurry is injected into the grouting pipeline through the grouting pump and then injected into the crack area through the porous grouting head. When the grouting is completed, the grouting pump is automatically turned off and ready to switch to the next area; Step 4: Real-time pressure monitoring and regulation: During the grouting process, the grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module monitors the injection status of the slurry in real time through the pressure sensor and flow sensor, and feeds back the monitoring data to the grouting module through the closed-loop control system. When the pressure deviates from the preset range, the closed-loop system automatically adjusts the output parameters of the grouting pump to keep the grouting pressure stable; Step 5: Self-cleaning and equipment maintenance: After grouting is completed, the classification and recognition module starts the self-cleaning function, and the high-pressure airflow passes through the nozzle in the airflow cleaning unit to clean the mineral powder and slurry residue on the surface of the sensor array; Step 6: Grouting reinforcement of micro-crack surrounding rock: For micro-crack types, the grouting module automatically switches to the ultra-low viscosity slurry storage tank and injects ultra-low viscosity slurry into the micro-cracks at a lower flow rate; Step 7. Pressure monitoring and control of microcrack grouting: For microcrack types, the pressure monitoring and control module sets a lower pressure threshold and adjusts the grouting pressure through a closed-loop control system.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned device and method for accurately grouting broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Intelligent classification and identification: Multi-physical parameter fusion and AI algorithm analysis improve the accuracy and efficiency of surrounding rock classification; (2) Dynamic slurry switching: achieving precise matching of slurries for different fracture types, significantly reducing waste; (3) Closed-loop pressure control: Real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment significantly improve the safety and stability of grouting construction; (4) Visualization and remote control: Visual UI and remote control technology significantly improve construction management and adaptability.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a device and method for accurately grouting broken surrounding rocks in deep tunnels of a mine according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a classification identification module of an embodiment of a device and method for accurately classifying and grouting broken surrounding rocks in a deep tunnel of a mine according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the grouting module structure of an embodiment of a device and method for accurately grouting broken surrounding rocks in deep tunnels of a mine according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dynamic monitoring control module for grouting effect of an accurate grouting device and a grouting method embodiment of the present invention for classification of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels.

[0019] Reference numerals 1. Classification and identification module; 11. Multifunctional sensor array; 12. Metal flange; 13. Acoustic wave detection unit; 14. Resistivity detection unit; 15. Pressure sensing unit; 16. Signal processing unit; 17. Multi-porous grouting head; 2. Grouting effect dynamic monitoring and control module; 21. Pressure sensor; 22. Flow sensor; 23. Control system unit; 24. Closed-loop control system; 3. Visual LCD panel; 4. Multi-channel switching unit; 41. Slurry storage unit; 5. High-viscosity slurry storage tank; 6. Grouting pipeline; 7. Pressure detection control module; 8. Grouting pump; 9. Low-viscosity slurry storage tank; 10. Ultra-low viscosity slurry storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a precise grouting device for classifying broken surrounding rocks in deep tunnels of mines, comprising a classification and identification module 1, a grouting module, and a pressure detection control module 7. The grouting module is placed in a shell, and the grouting module comprises a multi-channel switching unit 4, a slurry storage unit 41 and a flow control unit. The classification and identification module 1 is connected to the grouting module, the grouting module is connected to the pressure detection control module 7, the pressure detection control module 7 is connected to the multi-channel switching unit 4, and the multi-channel switching unit 4 is connected to the slurry storage unit 41.

[0023] The classification and identification module 1 is connected to the grouting pipeline 6 through a metal flange 12 and is installed at the front end of the grouting pipeline 6. Its overall shape is an integrated cylindrical module, and its shape matches the grouting pipeline 6, which can ensure the stability of the installation and facilitate operation and maintenance in a mining environment. A multi-layer sealing gasket is provided at the rear end to ensure the airtightness between the classification and identification module 1 and the grouting pipeline 6 to prevent slurry leakage during grouting operations. The outer shell is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant material and is covered with a waterproof and dust-proof coating to adapt to high-humidity and high-dust mining environments. A shock-absorbing device is installed outside the classification and identification module 1 to buffer the vibration that may be generated during the grouting operation and ensure the normal operation of the multi-functional sensor array 11.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the classification and identification module 1 includes a multifunctional sensor array 11, a signal processing unit 16, an embedded AI analysis system, a module self-cleaning system and a porous grouting head 17, wherein the multifunctional sensor array 11 includes an acoustic wave detection unit 13, a resistivity detection unit 14 and a pressure sensing unit 15, the multifunctional sensor array 11 is connected to the signal processing unit 16, the acoustic wave detection unit 13, the resistivity detection unit 14 and the pressure sensing unit 15 are connected to the signal processing unit 16 via electrical signals, and the signal processing unit 16 is connected to the AI ​​analysis system via electrical signals.

[0025] The module's embedded AI analysis system is integrated into the internal signal processing unit 16. Its hardware includes an embedded computing chip and a data storage unit, and uses edge computing technology to run a pre-trained machine learning model. The data collected by the sensor is pre-processed by the signal processing unit 16, and after filtering and feature value extraction, it is transmitted to the AI ​​analysis system for multimodal fusion analysis. The system can determine the fracture type of the surrounding rock in real time, and output three classification results: cracks (wide cracks), small cracks, and micro cracks. The classification results are transmitted to the grouting module through the module's communication interface to provide an accurate basis for subsequent operations.

[0026] The front end of the classification and identification module 1 is a groove-type planar structure, and the working port of the multifunctional sensor array 11 is arranged around the groove, including an acoustic wave probe, a multi-point electrode contact point and a pressure sensing contact surface, wherein the acoustic wave probe is connected to the acoustic wave detection unit 13, the multi-point electrode contact point is connected to the resistivity detection unit 14, and the pressure sensing contact surface is connected to the pressure sensing unit 15. Each working port has been treated with wear resistance and can adapt to the wear pressure of the mining operating environment for a long time. At the same time, an automatic closing mechanism is arranged to protect the sensor in the non-working state to prevent the slurry from flowing back and damaging the detection equipment.

[0027] The interior of the module is designed by functional zoning, and multiple layers of partitions are set inside the cylinder to rationally arrange the functional units. The multifunctional sensor array 11 is arranged in the area near the contact surface at the front end. The sound wave detection unit 13 directly contacts the surface of the surrounding rock through a contact probe, and uses high-sensitivity piezoelectric materials to monitor the propagation speed of sound waves in real time, accurately reflecting the width and distribution characteristics of the cracks. The resistivity detection unit 14 is arranged on the periphery of the contact surface using an annular multi-point electrode. By collecting the resistivity gradient change of the surrounding rock, the water content and saturation of the cracks are determined. The pressure sensing unit 15 is arranged behind the contact panel and fixed by a high-pressure resistant support seat. The local stress distribution on the surface of the surrounding rock is measured in real time using a micro piezoresistive sensor.

[0028] The module self-cleaning system is realized through an airflow cleaning unit. The rear end of the classification and identification module 1 is connected to the air pump, and high-pressure airflow is delivered to the sensor array area through the airflow pipeline. The module self-cleaning system includes an airflow cleaning unit, which includes an air pump, a nozzle system and an airflow control valve. The nozzle is connected to the rear end of the classification and identification module 1, and the other end is connected to the nozzle system. The nozzle system is distributed at the working port of the multifunctional sensor array 11. The airflow control valve is electrically connected to the AI ​​analysis system, and the airflow control valve is placed on the connecting pipe between the nozzle and the air pump. The cleaning function can be automatically triggered according to the set cleaning cycle or the sensitivity change of the sensor signal to ensure the stability of the sensor in long-term use.

[0029] The cylindrical design of the classification and recognition module 1 ensures stability and compactness in high-pressure environments. Its high-precision sensor array can collect multiple physical parameters in real time. Combined with the embedded AI analysis system, it can achieve accurate classification of surrounding rock fracture types. The self-cleaning function significantly improves the long-term operation capability of the classification and recognition module 1 in complex environments and avoids detection errors caused by decreased sensor sensitivity. Through the synergistic effect of the classification and recognition module 1, the efficiency and reliability of grouting operations are significantly improved, providing efficient and intelligent technical support for the reinforcement of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels.

[0030] like Figure 3As shown, the grouting module is an integrated frame structure with a high-strength corrosion-resistant material as the shell and a wear-resistant coating on the surface to adapt to the high humidity and high dust conditions in the complex environment of the mine. The grouting module is divided into functional areas, and the slurry storage unit 41, the multi-channel switching unit 4, the grouting pump 8 and the flow control unit are reasonably arranged to ensure a compact and efficient structure. The slurry storage unit 41 is placed in the top area of ​​the grouting module and adopts a cylindrical storage tank design. A total of three groups of storage tanks are set, which are used to store high-viscosity slurry (such as cement-based polymer), low-viscosity slurry (such as modified epoxy resin) and ultra-low viscosity slurry (such as nano-silicon slurry). The slurry storage unit 41 includes a high-viscosity slurry storage tank 5, a low-viscosity slurry storage tank 9 and an ultra-low viscosity slurry storage tank 10. The capacity of each storage tank is adjusted according to the actual construction requirements. The shell is made of high-strength polymer or corrosion-resistant metal material, and the inner wall is attached with an anti-stick coating to prevent the slurry from caking or adhering after long-term storage. The top of the storage tank is equipped with a sealing cover and a pressure release device to ensure the safety of the slurry under high pressure. A separate outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of each storage tank, which is connected to the multi-channel switching unit 4.

[0031] A multi-channel switching unit 4 is provided between the slurry storage unit 41 and the grouting pump 8. The multi-channel switching unit 4 includes an input pipeline, an output pipeline, a support structure and an electric control valve system. The output pipeline is connected to the grouting pump 8. An input pipeline is connected between the slurry storage unit 41 and the multi-channel switching unit 4. An electric control valve system is installed on the input pipeline. The electric control valve system includes a valve body, a coil and a feedback sensor. When the coil is energized, a magnetic field is generated to drive the valve core to move, thereby opening or closing the channel. The control unit receives the crack classification signal (such as wide cracks, small cracks, and micro cracks) sent by the classification recognition module 1 through a preset algorithm, and matches the corresponding valve instruction. For example, when the surrounding rock is detected to be a wide crack, the control unit triggers the valve of the high-viscosity slurry storage tank, and the valves of other storage tanks remain closed to ensure that the slurry flows to the grouting pump 8 The path is unique.

[0032] The grouting pump 8 and the flow control unit are placed in the bottom area of ​​the grouting module. The grouting pump 8 is a high-precision plunger pump that can provide a stable flow rate and adjustable pressure to ensure that the slurry is evenly injected into the deep cracks. The flow control unit includes a flow sensor 22 and a control valve, which can monitor the slurry flow in real time and adjust the output parameters as needed to meet the filling requirements of different types of cracks. The module supports a staged grouting mode, which fills large cracks first and then small cracks through a preset program to achieve layered reinforcement and optimize slurry utilization.

[0033] The grouting module achieves high efficiency and adaptability of the grouting process through a compact rectangular frame design, scientific internal functional divisions, and an intelligent multi-channel switching unit 4. The corrosion-resistant design and anti-stick coating of the slurry storage unit 41 increase the service life of the equipment; the electronically controlled valve system of the multi-channel switching unit 4 can respond quickly according to the classification results to ensure that the slurry type is accurately matched with the surrounding rock characteristics; the dynamic adjustment function of the grouting pump 8 and the flow control unit ensures that the slurry fills the cracks evenly, significantly improving the overall reinforcement effect of the surrounding rock. The high dynamic response capability of this module effectively shortens the construction period, reduces slurry waste, optimizes resource utilization, and provides efficient and reliable technical guarantees for grouting construction in complex mining environments.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module 2 is provided on one side of the shell, and a control and visual monitoring terminal is provided on the other side. Figure 4 As shown, the grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module 2 is a rectangular chassis structure, the shell of which is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy material, and the surface is sprayed with an anti-corrosion coating to adapt to the high humidity and high dust environment of the mine. The grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module 2 includes a flow sensor 22 unit, a control system unit 23, a fault warning unit and a closed-loop control system 24, and the closed-loop control system 24 is electrically connected to the grouting module. The design of the entire module is compact, easy to install and maintain, and at the same time ensures that the functions of each component are efficiently coordinated.

[0035] The real-time monitoring function of the dynamic monitoring control module 2 of the grouting effect relies on the precise coordination of the pressure sensor 21 and the flow sensor 22. The pressure sensor 21 adopts a high-precision piezoresistive sensor, which is used to collect the pressure data in the grouting pipeline 6 in real time. The pressure sensor 21 outputs a corresponding electrical signal according to the pressure change of the measured medium (slurry), and the signal is transmitted to the control system after analog-to-digital conversion. The flow sensor 22 adopts an ultrasonic flowmeter or an electromagnetic flowmeter to monitor the flow rate of the slurry in real time. The flow sensor 22 detects the slurry flow rate by measuring the conductivity of the fluid or the propagation speed of sound waves to ensure that the flow data is accurately transmitted to the control system. The pressure and flow data will be continuously fed back to the control unit as a basis for subsequent dynamic adjustment.

[0036] The dynamic adjustment function is the core part of the module, which is realized by the closed-loop control system 24. The core part of the closed-loop control system 24 is the microprocessor unit, which automatically calculates whether the current grouting pressure deviates from the set range based on the data sent back by the pressure sensor 21 and the flow sensor 22, and automatically adjusts the output parameters (including pressure and flow) of the grouting pump 8 according to the classification results. The specific implementation method is as follows: Pressure regulation: The pressure sensor 21 monitors the pressure in the grouting pipeline in real time, and the microprocessor unit compares it according to the set pressure threshold. When the pressure value exceeds the set range, the control system immediately sends an adjustment signal to reduce or increase the pressure by adjusting the output power of the grouting pump 8 to ensure that it is within a safe range. The regulation process uses a stepper motor driven pressure regulating valve to adjust the pressure by electronically controlling the opening of the valve.

[0037] Flow regulation: The flow sensor 22 monitors the slurry flow rate in real time and feeds the data back to the microprocessor unit. If the flow rate is abnormal (for example, the flow rate is too low, indicating that the pipeline may be blocked or the slurry flow is blocked), the control system will adjust the flow output through the flow regulating valve to ensure the smooth and uniform grouting flow.

[0038] The dynamic adjustment function of this module can control the pressure and flow accuracy during the grouting process within 0.1MPa, ensuring that the slurry can accurately fill every area of ​​the crack and improve the grouting effect.

[0039] The fault warning unit consists of an abnormality detection system and an alarm system. The abnormality detection system detects whether any abnormality occurs by continuously comparing the real-time collected pressure and flow data. Its main working principle is: Abnormal pressure detection: When the pressure exceeds the preset upper limit or falls below the lower limit during the grouting process, the abnormal detection system will immediately recognize this change and trigger the alarm system. At this time, the control system will stop the grouting operation through valve closing control and switch to standby mode.

[0040] Abnormal flow rate detection: A low flow rate may indicate a pipe blockage or slurry flow obstruction. When the flow sensor 22 detects an abnormal drop in flow rate, the fault warning unit will issue an alarm signal and adjust the working state of the grouting system at the same time to avoid further problems.

[0041] The alarm system includes an audible and visual alarm device and a digital display alarm interface, which can display the fault location, fault type and severity in real time, helping operators to quickly locate the problem and handle it in a timely manner.

[0042] The dynamic monitoring and control module 2 of the grouting effect realizes precise pressure control and flow regulation by real-time monitoring of the pressure and flow changes during the grouting process, which can effectively avoid secondary damage to the surrounding rock caused by excessive pressure and ensure that the slurry evenly and fully fills the cracks. The closed-loop control system 24 improves the automation of the operation, reduces manual intervention, and makes the grouting process more intelligent and refined. In addition, the alarm system can issue an alarm in time when an abnormal situation occurs, preventing equipment damage or poor grouting effect, and further improving the safety and stability of the grouting construction.

[0043] The control and visual monitoring terminal includes a visual LCD panel 3, a central processing unit, a communication module, a data storage unit and a graphics rendering system, and the visual LCD panel 3, the central processing unit, the communication module, the data storage unit and the graphics rendering system are all electrically connected to each other. The high-resolution touch screen of the terminal is used to display construction data in real time, and the surrounding rock classification, grouting process and pressure change information are presented in three-dimensional form through a graphical interface. The operator can intuitively view the progress and status of each grouting operation and adjust the working parameters of the equipment according to the displayed content. The screen design supports multi-touch operation to ensure the convenience and accuracy of control.

[0044] The central processing unit is responsible for data processing, calculation and analysis, receiving real-time data from various sensors and equipment modules, and calculating the optimal parameters in the grouting process according to the set algorithm. The processing unit exchanges data with other modules of the terminal (such as graphics rendering, remote communication, etc.) through a high-speed bus to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0045] The communication module enables the control terminal to transmit data and remotely control with the remote monitoring center. Through Wi-Fi, 4G or 5G networks, operators can remotely access the control terminal, monitor the construction progress, and adjust the equipment. This function is particularly suitable for complex mining environments. Remote operation avoids the risks and inconveniences of on-site operations, and can respond to emergencies in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of construction operations.

[0046] The data storage unit is responsible for recording and storing classification results, grouting parameters and various data during the entire construction process. These data can be uploaded to the cloud database in real time for long-term storage and further analysis. A detailed construction report is generated to provide a scientific basis for subsequent construction optimization. The storage and management of data also facilitates the accumulation of historical data of mining operations, which is convenient for future tracing and evaluation.

[0047] The control and visual monitoring terminal greatly improves the intuitiveness of the operation process through a graphical UI interface and three-dimensional visual display. Operators can grasp the status of grouting operations in real time, find problems in time and adjust parameters to ensure the best grouting effect. The introduction of remote control function reduces the need for manual on-site and improves construction management efficiency. Operators can easily adjust equipment, monitor construction progress, and respond quickly to emergencies in the remote monitoring center. In addition, the data recording and analysis function provides accurate construction references for subsequent mine reinforcement operations. Through the accumulation and analysis of historical data, a digital experience library is formed to promote the optimization of construction plans and improve operating efficiency.

[0048] The present invention also provides a method for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels, comprising the following steps: Step 1, device installation: deploy the device in the deep tunnel of the mine to be grouting area, the classification and identification module 1 is fixedly connected to the porous grouting head 17 through the metal flange 12, the porous grouting head 17 is fixedly connected to the grouting pipeline 6, the other end of the grouting pipeline 6 is connected to the grouting pump, and the sealing of the classification and identification module is ensured, and the multifunctional sensor array 11 can be in close contact with the surface of the surrounding rock. This installation position can ensure that the sensor collects accurate physical signals from the surface of the surrounding rock and provides accurate data input for subsequent operations. The grouting module is also connected to the pressure detection control module 7 through the flange and maintained in a stable connection with the grouting pipeline 6. All modules are precisely positioned to ensure the smooth progress of the grouting operation process.

[0049] Step 2, classification and identification of surrounding rock: Start the acoustic wave detection unit 13, resistivity detection unit 14 and pressure sensing unit 15 of the classification and identification module 1. The acoustic wave detection unit 13 evaluates the width of the crack by monitoring the propagation speed of the sound wave. The resistivity detection unit 14 determines the water content of the crack by measuring the conductivity of the surrounding rock. The pressure sensing unit 15 is used to capture the stress changes of the local surrounding rock. The obtained physical parameter data is transmitted to the AI ​​analysis system through the signal processing unit 16 for fusion analysis, and finally the category of the crack is output. For example, the classification result is "wide crack". Through the classification and identification module 1, the crack characteristics of the surrounding rock can be accurately identified, providing reliable basic data for subsequent grouting operations. This data will be used to optimize slurry selection and grouting parameters.

[0050] Step 3, slurry switching and grouting operation: According to the classification results, the classification identification module 1 outputs the "crack" information and transmits it to the grouting module. The multi-channel switching unit 4 in the grouting module automatically selects the slurry storage tank suitable for this type of crack and turns on the grouting pump 8. The slurry is injected into the crack area through the grouting pump 8. The flow rate and pressure of the grouting process can be adjusted according to the settings to ensure that the slurry can fully fill the crack. The slurry is injected into the grouting pipeline 6 through the grouting pump 8 and then injected into the crack area through the porous grouting head 17. When the grouting is completed, the grouting pump 8 automatically shuts down and prepares to switch to the next area. In this process, the automatic control ensures the accurate injection of high-viscosity slurry, prevents slurry waste, and ensures that the crack area is fully reinforced.

[0051] Step 4: Real-time pressure monitoring and regulation: During the grouting process, the grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module 2 monitors the injection status of the slurry in real time through the pressure sensor 21 and the flow sensor 22, and feeds back the monitoring data to the grouting module through the closed-loop control system 24. When the pressure deviates from the preset range, the closed-loop system automatically adjusts the output parameters of the grouting pump 8 to keep the grouting pressure stable.

[0052] Real-time pressure and flow monitoring can ensure the smooth progress of the grouting process and prevent secondary damage to the surrounding rock or insufficient grouting due to excessive grouting pressure. This closed-loop regulation system effectively ensures the quality and safety of grouting.

[0053] Step 5: Self-cleaning and equipment maintenance: After grouting is completed, the classification and recognition module 1 starts the self-cleaning function, and the high-pressure airflow passes through the nozzle in the classification and recognition module 1 to clean the mineral powder and slurry residue on the surface of the multifunctional sensor array 11.

[0054] Regular cleaning ensures that the sensitivity of the sensor is not affected during long-term use, avoiding classification errors caused by sensor blockage. The self-cleaning function extends the service life of the device and improves the long-term reliability of the system, ensuring the efficiency of the device every time it is used.

[0055] Step 6. Grouting reinforcement of micro-cracked surrounding rock: In another type of tunnel, the surrounding rock is less broken and the cracks are smaller. The classification and recognition module 1 accurately identifies the cracks as "micro-cracks" through the significant reduction in the speed of sound wave propagation and the change in resistivity data. This recognition result can adapt to different surrounding rock conditions and improve the applicability of classification and recognition. For micro-crack types, the grouting module automatically switches to the ultra-low viscosity slurry storage tank 10 and injects ultra-low viscosity slurry into the micro-cracks at a lower flow rate. Low-flow grouting ensures that the slurry can be evenly distributed to the depth of the micro-cracks, avoiding the problem of incomplete grouting.

[0056] Step 7. Pressure monitoring and control of micro-crack grouting: For micro-crack types, the pressure monitoring control module sets a lower pressure threshold and adjusts the grouting pressure through the closed-loop control system 24 to prevent excessive grouting pressure from causing slurry leakage or further damage to the surrounding rock. This measure optimizes parameters based on the characteristics of micro-cracks to ensure a safer and more efficient grouting process.

[0057] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned precise grouting device and grouting method for classifying broken surrounding rock in deep mine tunnels, and realizes precise classification of broken surrounding rock, dynamic switching of slurry and real-time stable control of grouting pressure through the coordinated work of the classification identification module, the grouting module and the pressure monitoring and control module, combined with intelligent control technology and a visual monitoring terminal.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels, characterized by: It includes a classification and identification module, a grouting module, and a pressure detection control module. The grouting module is placed in a shell. The grouting module includes a multi-channel switching unit, a slurry storage unit and a flow control unit. The classification and identification module is connected to the grouting module through a grouting pipeline. The grouting module is connected to the pressure detection control module. The pressure detection control module is connected to the multi-channel switching unit. The multi-channel switching unit is connected to the slurry storage unit.

2. According to claim 1, a device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels, characterized in that: The classification and identification module is fixedly connected to the porous grouting head through a metal flange, and the porous grouting head is fixedly connected to the grouting pipeline. A multi-layer sealing gasket is arranged at the rear end of the classification and identification module. The outer shell is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant material and is covered with a waterproof and dust-proof coating. A shock-absorbing device is installed outside the classification and identification module.

3. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized by: The classification and identification module includes a multifunctional sensor array, a signal processing unit, an embedded AI analysis system, a module self-cleaning system and a porous grouting head, wherein the multifunctional sensor array includes an acoustic wave detection unit, a resistivity detection unit and a pressure sensing unit, the multifunctional sensor array is connected to the signal processing unit, the acoustic wave detection unit, the resistivity detection unit and the pressure sensing unit are connected to the signal processing unit through electrical signals, and the signal processing unit is connected to the AI ​​analysis system through electrical signals.

4. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 3 is characterized by: The front end of the classification and identification module is a grooved planar structure, and working ports of a multi-functional sensor array are arranged around the groove. The working ports include an acoustic wave probe, multi-point electrode contact points and a pressure sensing contact surface, wherein the acoustic wave probe is connected to the acoustic wave detection unit, the multi-point electrode contact points are connected to the resistivity detection unit, and the pressure sensing contact surface is connected to the pressure sensing unit.

5. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 3 is characterized by: The module self-cleaning system includes an airflow cleaning unit, which includes an air pump, a nozzle system and an airflow control valve. The nozzle is connected to the rear end of the classification and recognition module, and the other end is connected to the nozzle system. The nozzle system is distributed at the working port of the multi-functional sensor array. The airflow control valve is electrically connected to the AI ​​analysis system, and the airflow control valve is placed on the connecting pipe between the nozzle and the air pump.

6. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 2 is characterized by: The grouting module is a frame structure, the outer shell of which is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant material and has a wear-resistant coating on the surface. The slurry storage unit is placed in the top area of ​​the grouting module. The slurry storage unit includes a high-viscosity slurry storage tank, a low-viscosity slurry storage tank and an ultra-low-viscosity slurry storage tank.

7. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized by: A multi-channel switching unit is provided between the slurry storage unit and the grouting pump. The multi-channel switching unit includes an input pipeline, an output pipeline, a supporting structure and an electric control valve system. The output pipeline is connected to the grouting pump. An input pipeline is connected between the slurry storage unit and the multi-channel switching unit. An electric control valve system is installed on the input pipeline. The electric control valve system includes a valve body, a coil and a feedback sensor. The grouting pump and the flow control unit are placed in the bottom area of ​​the grouting module. The grouting pump is a high-precision plunger pump, and the flow control unit includes a flow sensor and a control valve.

8. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized by: A grouting effect dynamic monitoring and control module is provided on one side of the shell, and a control and visualization monitoring terminal is provided on the other side. The grouting effect dynamic monitoring and control module is a rectangular chassis structure, and its shell is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy material with an anti-corrosion coating sprayed on the surface. The grouting effect dynamic monitoring and control module includes a flow sensor unit, a control system unit, a fault warning unit and a closed-loop control system, and the closed-loop control system is electrically connected to the grouting module.

9. The device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rock classification in deep mine tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control and visual monitoring terminal includes a visual liquid crystal panel, a central processing unit, a communication module, a data storage unit and a graphic rendering system, and the visual liquid crystal panel, the central processing unit, the communication module, the data storage unit and the graphic rendering system are all electrically connected to each other.

10. A method for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels, using a device for accurate grouting of broken surrounding rocks in deep mine tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Device installation: The device is deployed in the deep tunnel of the mine where grouting is to be carried out. The classification and identification module is fixedly connected to the porous grouting head through a metal flange. The porous grouting head is fixedly connected to the grouting pipeline. The other end of the grouting pipeline is connected to the grouting pump. The grouting module is also connected to the pressure detection control module through a flange. Step 2: Classification and identification of surrounding rocks: Start the acoustic wave detection unit, resistivity detection unit and pressure sensing unit of the classification and identification module. The acoustic wave detection unit evaluates the width of the crack by monitoring the propagation speed of the sound wave. The resistivity detection unit determines the water content of the crack by measuring the conductivity of the surrounding rock. The pressure sensing unit is used to capture the stress changes of the local surrounding rock. The obtained physical parameter data is transmitted to the AI ​​analysis system through the signal processing unit for fusion analysis, and finally the category of the crack is output; Step 3, slurry switching and grouting operation: According to the classification results, the classification recognition module outputs the "crack" information and transmits it to the grouting module. The multi-channel switching unit in the grouting module automatically selects the slurry storage tank suitable for this type of crack and starts the grouting pump. The slurry is injected into the grouting pipeline through the grouting pump and then injected into the crack area through the porous grouting head. When the grouting is completed, the grouting pump is automatically turned off and ready to switch to the next area; Step 4: Real-time pressure monitoring and regulation: During the grouting process, the grouting effect dynamic monitoring control module monitors the injection status of the slurry in real time through the pressure sensor and flow sensor, and feeds back the monitoring data to the grouting module through the closed-loop control system. When the pressure deviates from the preset range, the closed-loop system automatically adjusts the output parameters of the grouting pump to keep the grouting pressure stable; Step 5: Self-cleaning and equipment maintenance: After grouting is completed, the classification and recognition module starts the self-cleaning function, and the high-pressure airflow passes through the nozzle in the airflow cleaning unit to clean the mineral powder and slurry residue on the surface of the sensor array; Step 6: Grouting reinforcement of micro-crack surrounding rock: For micro-crack types, the grouting module automatically switches to the ultra-low viscosity slurry storage tank and injects ultra-low viscosity slurry into the micro-cracks at a lower flow rate; Step 7. Pressure monitoring and control of microcrack grouting: For microcrack types, the pressure monitoring and control module sets a lower pressure threshold and adjusts the grouting pressure through a closed-loop control system.

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